CN216157864U

CN216157864U - Reducing oil pump

Info

Publication number: CN216157864U
Application number: CN202122262758.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建坤
Original assignee: Cheng Songping
Current assignee: Cheng Songping
Priority date: 2021-09-17
Filing date: 2021-09-17
Publication date: 2022-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a variable-diameter oil well pump. The oil pumping device assembly comprises a pump cylinder, wherein an upper center rod and a lower center rod are arranged in the pump cylinder, the upper center rod and the lower center rod are connected through a center rod joint, a rotator is sleeved on the outer side of the lower center rod, needle roller bearings are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the rotator and between the lower center rod, a continuous helical blade is designed on the outer wall of the rotator, an upper reducing slideway body and a lower reducing slideway body are respectively sleeved on the upper end and the lower end of the lower center rod, an upper reducing block is sleeved on the upper reducing slideway body, and a lower reducing block is sleeved on the lower reducing slideway body. The utility model can prevent the directional eccentric wear of the plunger and the pump barrel of the oil pump and the non-directional eccentric wear of the coupling of the sucker rod on the wall of the oil pipe, has the functions of sand prevention and scale prevention, avoids the abrasion of sand on the oil extractor, improves the oil extraction rate, protects the oil well, reduces the operation times, and increases the income of an oil extraction factory.

Description

Reducing oil pump

The technical field is as follows:

the utility model relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a variable-diameter oil well pump.

Background art:

the rod pumping method is the first and most widely used artificial oil extraction lifting method in oil extraction, and the method is used for oil extraction as soon as the oil industry comes into the market. The power is transmitted from ground to underground via sucker rod to make the plunger of oil pump reciprocate up and down to lift underground oil to ground along oil pipe for manual oil extraction. Sucker-rod pumps have unsolved problems and failures in production practice.

1. Directional eccentric wear of pump barrel and plunger

The working principle of the oil well pump determines the necessity of friction between the plunger and the pump barrel, the working process of the pump can be divided into an up stroke process and a down stroke process, in the two processes, the plunger and the pump barrel are necessarily subjected to relative displacement, only axial relative movement exists between the plunger and the pump barrel, and the contact position between the plunger and the pump barrel is unchanged in the circumferential direction. Once a certain contact surface between the plunger and the pump barrel is eccentric, the wear surface is continuously enlarged along with the continuous operation of the oil well pump, so that the leakage is increased, and finally the oil well pump fails.

2. Non-directional eccentric wear of sucker rod coupling to oil pipe wall

When the pumping well is produced, the comprehensive pull force or the comprehensive gravity of the pumping rod forms a horizontal component. Under the function of horizontal component force, the oil pipe is contacted with the sucker rod to form friction. At the position with relatively small curvature, the inner wall of the oil pipe forms friction with the sucker rod coupling, the eccentric wear area of the oil pipe is relatively large, and the wear is relatively light. And the position with the larger curvature not only forms friction between the inner wall of the oil pipe and the coupling of the sucker rod, but also has friction between the inner wall of the oil pipe and the rod body of the sucker rod, and the oil pipe has relatively small eccentric wear area and relatively serious wear. The pumping string is not anchored, during each stroke, the tubing is subjected to the load of the fluid column pressure function on the plunger, during the upstroke, the fluid column load is converted to the pumping rod, the fluid column load disappears suddenly, and when the alternating load exceeds the necessary limit, the tubing is contracted and is bent due to the bending effect, so that the pumping rod goes upwards and is eccentrically worn.

3. Sand blocking and sand burying problems

The clearance dynamic seal is arranged between the pump barrel and the plunger, and the damage of the surface of a sealing pair and the enlargement of the clearance are the keys to cause the pump leakage. From the analysis of actual use, the corrosion and abrasion of the pump barrel and the plunger are the most direct causes of the increase of the clearance. The most harmful of the oil-well pumps used for producing sand and oil wells with high water content are scratch abrasion and sand grinding abrasion. Scuffing and grinding wear are due to structural defects of conventional pumps: the conventional plunger forms a stepped shaft structure having two steps above it, about 0.5 mm and 1 mm thinner in the direction of its diameter than the plunger seal section, respectively. If the plunger moves upwards, under the action of the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the plunger, sand grains are particularly easy to deposit in the annular clearance between the pump barrel and the two steps, and the fluid is not easy to wash away the sand grains, so that the plunger tends to be squeezed more and more tightly to cause self-locking of the plunger. The positive pressure of the sand against the plunger and the pump barrel is then particularly great enough to break the chromium or other strengthening layer, which results in so-called scuffing and grinding wear.

The utility model has the following contents:

the utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a variable-diameter oil well pump, which realizes the prevention of the directional eccentric wear of an oil well pump plunger and a pump barrel and the non-directional eccentric wear of a sucker rod coupling to an oil pipe wall, has the functions of sand prevention and scale prevention, avoids the abrasion of sand to an oil extractor, improves the oil extraction rate, protects an oil well, reduces the operation times, and increases the income of an oil extraction plant. The defects that the pump barrel and the plunger of the existing oil well pump are easy to generate directional eccentric wear, the coupling of the sucker rod is easy to generate non-directional eccentric wear on the wall of an oil pipe, and the plunger and the pump barrel of the oil well pump are easy to wear are overcome.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a variable diameter oil well pump comprises an oil extractor assembly, wherein the lower end of the oil extractor assembly is connected with an oil inlet valve assembly; the oil pumping device assembly comprises a pump cylinder, an upper central rod and a lower central rod are arranged in the pump cylinder, the upper central rod and the lower central rod are connected through a central rod joint, a rotator is sleeved outside the lower central rod, needle bearings are respectively arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the rotator, continuous helical blades are designed on the outer wall of the rotator, an upper reducing slideway body and a lower reducing slideway body are respectively sleeved at the upper end and the lower end of the lower central rod, an upper reducing block is sleeved on the upper reducing slideway body, a lower reducing block is sleeved on the lower reducing slideway body, the upper reducing block can slide along the upper reducing slideway body and can be reduced, the upper end of the upper reducing block is connected with an upper sealing seat, a sealing ball is arranged on the upper sealing seat and can seal the upper sealing seat, an upper spring is connected between the sealing ball and the central rod joint, and the upper end of the lower reducing block is connected with a lower sealing seat, a lower spring is arranged between the lower sealing seat and the rotator, the sealing ball, the upper spring and the lower spring are all sleeved on the lower central rod, and the bottom end of the lower central rod is connected with a force divider;

the upper end of the oil extractor assembly is connected with an anti-collision sand blocking device, the anti-collision sand blocking device comprises an anti-collision block, the lower end of the anti-collision block is connected with the upper central rod, the upper end of the anti-collision block is connected with a reducing coupling, a sand blocking rotator is sleeved on the outer side of the anti-collision block, and a bearing is arranged between the sand blocking rotator and the anti-collision block;

the inlet valve assembly comprises a fixed valve cover, the upper end of the fixed valve cover is connected with an upper joint of the valve cover, an inlet valve body is arranged inside the fixed valve cover, the upper end of the upper joint of the valve cover is connected with a top cover through an inner wall, a through hole is designed in the top cover, a sand blocking shock absorber is arranged between the top cover and the inlet valve body, a rotating piece is spirally arranged outside the sand blocking shock absorber, and the sand blocking shock absorber can rotate.

The oil inlet valve body of the oil inlet valve assembly comprises a fixed valve oil outlet cover and a fixed valve oil inlet cover, a sand blocking shock absorber is arranged between the fixed valve oil outlet cover and a top cover, the lower end of the fixed valve oil outlet cover is connected with the fixed valve oil inlet cover, the bottom end of the fixed valve oil outlet cover is provided with an upper valve seat, an upper valve ball is arranged on the upper valve seat, the bottom end of the fixed valve oil inlet cover is provided with a lower valve seat, a lower valve ball is arranged on the lower valve seat, circulation channels are formed in the side walls of the fixed valve oil outlet cover and the fixed valve oil inlet cover, and the lower end of the fixed valve cover is connected with a lower joint of the fixed valve cover.

Go up reducing slide body and reducing slide body structure the same down, go up reducing piece and reducing block structure the same down, go up reducing slide body axial design and have many protruding slides, this protruding slide face is outside inclined plane, go up the reducing piece and constitute by polylith split body, every split body inner wall design have with above-mentioned protruding slide assorted recess, all split bodies correspond respectively to install on all protruding slides of last reducing slide body, all split bodies pass through the jump ring and connect formation circumference and arrange.

Spiral sheets are evenly distributed on the outer side of the sand blocking rotator in the circumferential direction.

The upper end of the pump cylinder is connected with a pump cylinder coupling.

The upper joint of the valve bonnet is connected with the pump barrel through the lower joint of the pump barrel.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model can prevent the directional eccentric wear of the plunger and the pump barrel of the oil pump and the non-directional eccentric wear of the coupling of the sucker rod on the wall of the oil pipe, has the functions of sand prevention and scale prevention, avoids the abrasion of sand on the oil extractor, improves the oil extraction rate, protects the oil well, reduces the operation times, and increases the income of an oil extraction factory.

Description of the drawings:

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the oil pump assembly.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper reducing block and the upper reducing slideway body.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper variable diameter block and the upper variable diameter slide way body.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an oil inlet valve assembly.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a variable diameter oil pump includes an oil pump assembly, the lower end of which is connected to an oil inlet valve assembly; the oil pumping device assembly comprises a pump cylinder 14, an upper central rod 5 and a lower central rod 25 are arranged in the pump cylinder 14, the upper central rod 5 and the lower central rod 25 are connected through a central rod joint 6, a rotator 11 is sleeved outside the lower central rod 25, needle bearings 24 are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the rotator 11 and the lower central rod 25, continuous helical blades are designed on the outer wall of the rotator 11, an upper reducing slideway body 10 and a lower reducing slideway body 28 are respectively sleeved at the upper end and the lower end of the lower central rod 25, an upper reducing block 9 is sleeved on the upper reducing slideway body 10, a lower reducing block 27 is sleeved on the lower reducing slideway body 28, the upper reducing block 9 can slide and reduce the diameter along the upper reducing slideway body 10, the lower reducing block 27 can slide and reduce the diameter along the lower reducing slideway body 28, an upper sealing seat 7 is connected at the upper end of the upper reducing block 9, a sealing ball 8 is arranged on the upper sealing seat 7, and the sealing ball 8 can seal the upper sealing seat 7, an upper spring 31 is connected between the sealing ball 8 and the central rod joint 6, the upper end of the lower reducing block 27 is connected with a lower sealing seat 12, a lower spring 32 is arranged between the lower sealing seat 12 and the rotator 11, the sealing ball 8, the upper spring 31 and the lower spring 32 are all sleeved on the lower central rod 25, and the bottom end of the lower central rod 25 is connected with a force divider 13;

the upper end of the oil extractor assembly is connected with an anti-collision sand blocking device, the anti-collision sand blocking device comprises an anti-collision block 2, the lower end of the anti-collision block 2 is connected with an upper central rod 5, the upper end of the anti-collision block 2 is connected with a reducing coupling 1, a sand blocking rotator 3 is sleeved on the outer side of the anti-collision block 2, and a bearing 26 is arranged between the sand blocking rotator 3 and the anti-collision block 2; the anti-collision sand blocking device enables the oil pumping device to be in a normal operation state all the time, and prevents sand and dirt in liquid flow in the tubular column from depositing on the upper end of the plunger to form a sand column which causes sand burying on the plunger to generate the defects that the rod column is broken and the rod is broken.

The inlet valve assembly includes fixed valve bonnet 22, and fixed valve bonnet 22 upper end is connected with valve bonnet top connection 17, and the inside oil feed valve body that sets up of fixed valve bonnet 22, the valve bonnet top connection 17 upper end inner wall connection top cap 15, the design has the through-hole on the top cap 15, sets up between top cap 15 and the oil feed valve body and keeps off sand bumper shock absorber 16, keeps off sand bumper shock absorber 16 outside spiral arrangement and has the revolving fragment, keeps off sand bumper shock absorber 16 and can rotate.

As shown in fig. 5, the oil inlet valve body of the oil inlet valve assembly includes a fixed valve outlet cover 18 and a fixed valve inlet cover 21, a sand-blocking damper 16 is arranged between the fixed valve outlet cover 18 and the top cover 15, the lower end of the fixed valve outlet cover 18 is connected with the fixed valve inlet cover 21, the bottom end of the fixed valve outlet cover 18 is provided with an upper valve seat 20, an upper valve ball 19 is arranged on the upper valve seat 20, the bottom end of the fixed valve inlet cover 21 is provided with a lower valve seat, a lower valve ball 30 is arranged on the lower valve seat, the side walls of the fixed valve outlet cover 18 and the fixed valve inlet cover 21 are all provided with a circulation pore channel, and the lower end of the fixed valve cover 22 is connected with a fixed valve cover lower joint 23.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the upper diameter-changing slide body 10 and the lower diameter-changing slide body 28 have the same structure, the upper diameter-changing block 9 and the lower diameter-changing block 27 have the same structure, the upper diameter-changing slide body 10 is axially provided with a plurality of protruding slides, the protruding slide surfaces are outward inclined surfaces, the upper diameter-changing block 9 is composed of a plurality of split bodies, the inner wall of each split body is provided with a groove matched with the protruding slides, all the split bodies are correspondingly installed on all the protruding slides of the upper diameter-changing slide body 10 respectively, and all the split bodies are connected through a clamp spring 33 to form a circumferential arrangement.

Spiral sheets are evenly distributed on the outer side of the sand blocking rotator 3 in the circumferential direction.

The upper end of the pump barrel 14 is connected with a pump barrel coupling 4.

The valve housing upper connector 17 is connected with the pump barrel 14 through a pump barrel lower connector 29.

When the variable-diameter oil well pump is used, when a central rod column of the variable-diameter oil well pump descends, all liquid flow in the pump barrel 14 rotates to rise, all scales in the pump cavity are deposited at the upper end of the anti-collision sand blocking device and are difficult to enter the pump cavity, the oil pumping device is always in a normal operation state, sand and scales in the liquid flow in a pipe column are prevented from being deposited at the upper end of a plunger, and the defects that the plunger is buried by sand, the rod column is broken and the rod is broken are avoided.

The utility model can fundamentally solve the problems of directional eccentric wear of the plunger and the pump barrel of the oil well pump and the non-directional eccentric wear of the coupling of the oil pumping rod on the wall of the oil pipe, improves the oil extraction rate, protects the oil well, reduces the operation times and further increases the income of an oil extraction plant.

When the central rod column of the reducing oil pump descends, the sealing ball 8 and the upper sealing seat 7 are closed, and the sealing valve is closed; the diameter-changing block and the diameter-changing slideway body are displaced in the positive direction, the diameter of the diameter-changing block is reduced, and an oil flow channel between the diameter-changing block and the pump cylinder 14 is opened; the spinner 11 rotates in reverse and the liquid column begins to disturb.

At this time, the sand contained in the liquid column does not influence the downward movement of the central rod column, the downward resistance is small, and meanwhile, the rotator 11 reversely rotates and disturbs to enable the settled sand to suspend and also prevent the threaded connection from loosening.

When the center rod column of the variable diameter oil well pump goes upward, the sealing ball 8 and the upper sealing seat 7 are opened, and the sealing valve is opened; the diameter-variable block and the diameter-variable slideway body are reversely displaced, the diameter of the diameter-variable block is expanded to the maximum, an oil flow channel between the diameter-variable block and the pump cylinder 14 is closed, and the liquid column integrally rises; meanwhile, the rotator 11 stops rotating, the oil inlet valve assembly is opened, and the liquid column under the pump begins to enter the pump body. Because the diameter of the reducing block is expanded to the maximum, the gap between the reducing block and the inner wall of the pump cylinder 14 is small, and sand grains hung on the inner wall of the pump cylinder 14 can be scraped while the liquid column rises.

The oil inlet valve assembly is matched with the comprehensive use of the facilities, so that the pumping efficiency of the pumping well can be improved, and the yield can be increased. The sand blocking rotator 3 of the oil inlet valve assembly can greatly reduce the injection speed and the injection frequency of liquid flow due to the rotatable disturbance.

It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A variable diameter oil well pump comprises an oil extractor assembly, wherein the lower end of the oil extractor assembly is connected with an oil inlet valve assembly; the method is characterized in that: the oil pumping device assembly comprises a pump cylinder (14), an upper center rod (5) and a lower center rod (25) are arranged in the pump cylinder (14), the upper center rod (5) and the lower center rod (25) are connected through a center rod joint (6), a rotator (11) is sleeved outside the lower center rod (25), needle bearings (24) are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the rotator (11) and the lower center rod (25), continuous helical blades are designed on the outer wall of the rotator (11), an upper reducing slideway body (10) and a lower reducing slideway body (28) are respectively sleeved at the upper end and the lower end of the lower center rod (25), an upper reducing block (9) is sleeved on the upper reducing slideway body (10), a lower reducing block (27) is sleeved on the lower reducing slideway body (28), the upper reducing block (9) can slide along the upper reducing slideway body (10) and can reduce the diameter, the lower reducing block (27) can slide along the lower reducing slideway body (28) and reduce the diameter, the upper end of the upper reducing block (9) is connected with an upper sealing seat (7), a sealing ball (8) is arranged on the upper sealing seat (7), the sealing ball (8) can seal the upper sealing seat (7), an upper spring (31) is connected between the sealing ball (8) and the central rod joint (6), the upper end of the lower reducing block (27) is connected with a lower sealing seat (12), a lower spring (32) is arranged between the lower sealing seat (12) and the rotator (11), the sealing ball (8), the upper spring (31) and the lower spring (32) are all sleeved on the lower central rod (25), and the bottom end of the lower central rod (25) is connected with a force divider (13);

the upper end of the oil extractor assembly is connected with an anti-collision sand blocking device, the anti-collision sand blocking device comprises an anti-collision block (2), the lower end of the anti-collision block (2) is connected with the upper central rod (5), the upper end of the anti-collision block (2) is connected with a reducing coupling (1), a sand blocking rotator (3) is sleeved on the outer side of the anti-collision block (2), and a bearing (26) is arranged between the sand blocking rotator (3) and the anti-collision block (2);

the oil inlet valve assembly comprises a fixed valve cover (22), the upper end of the fixed valve cover (22) is connected with a valve cover upper joint (17), an oil inlet valve body is arranged inside the fixed valve cover (22), an inner wall of the upper end of the valve cover upper joint (17) is connected with a top cover (15), a through hole is formed in the top cover (15), a sand blocking shock absorber (16) is arranged between the top cover (15) and the oil inlet valve body, a rotary piece is spirally arranged on the outer side of the sand blocking shock absorber (16), and the sand blocking shock absorber (16) can rotate.

2. The variable diameter pump according to claim 1, wherein: the oil inlet valve body of the oil inlet valve assembly comprises a fixed valve oil outlet cover (18) and a fixed valve oil inlet cover (21), a sand blocking shock absorber (16) is arranged between the fixed valve oil outlet cover (18) and a top cover (15), the lower end of the fixed valve oil outlet cover (18) is connected with the fixed valve oil inlet cover (21), an upper valve seat (20) is arranged at the bottom end of the fixed valve oil outlet cover (18), an upper valve ball (19) is arranged on the upper valve seat (20), a lower valve seat is arranged at the bottom end of the fixed valve oil inlet cover (21), a lower valve ball (30) is arranged on the lower valve seat, circulation channels are formed in the side walls of the fixed valve oil outlet cover (18) and the fixed valve oil inlet cover (21), and the lower end of the fixed valve cover (22) is connected with a fixed valve cover lower connector (23).

3. The variable diameter pump according to claim 1, wherein: go up reducing slide body (10) and reducing slide body (28) structure the same down, it is the same with reducing block (27) structure down to go up reducing piece (9), it has many protruding slides to go up reducing slide body (10) axial design, this protruding slide face is outside inclined plane, it comprises the polylith split body to go up reducing piece (9), every split internal wall design has the recess with above-mentioned protruding slide assorted, all split bodies correspond respectively and install on all protruding slides of last reducing slide body (10), all split bodies are connected through jump ring (33) and are formed the circumference and arrange.

4. The variable diameter pump according to claim 1, wherein: spiral sheets are evenly distributed on the outer side of the sand blocking rotator (3) in the circumferential direction.

5. The variable diameter pump according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the pump barrel (14) is connected with a pump barrel coupling (4).

6. The variable diameter pump according to claim 1, wherein: the valve cover upper joint (17) is connected with the pump cylinder (14) through a pump cylinder lower joint (29).