CN216050990U - Soil respiration simulation experiment device under freezing and thawing action - Google Patents
Soil respiration simulation experiment device under freezing and thawing action Download PDFInfo
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- CN216050990U CN216050990U CN202122567769.XU CN202122567769U CN216050990U CN 216050990 U CN216050990 U CN 216050990U CN 202122567769 U CN202122567769 U CN 202122567769U CN 216050990 U CN216050990 U CN 216050990U
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004158 soil respiration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001415288 Coccidae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000234281 Tamarix gallica Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological and soil research equipment, and provides a soil respiration simulation experiment device under the freezing and thawing action. The utility model is convenient for collecting undisturbed soil, can not disturb soil to a greater extent, can collect gas by arranging a soil profile gas collection component and a parameter collection component in a collected soil column indoors, utilizes a gas collecting pipe and an air extraction part for collecting air to collect gas, does not disturb soil during collection, utilizes the parameter collection component to adopt parameter data such as temperature and humidity of the soil, is convenient for monitoring soil conditions, can simulate soil respiration measurement under different water level conditions under the freeze thawing action under the regulation of the water level regulation component, can not influence the detection precision by simulating the freeze thawing process through a temperature-adjustable freezer, and can simulate the soil respiration test under the freeze thawing action in accordance with the actual conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological and soil research equipment, belongs to a device for measuring soil respiration under an indoor simulated freezing and thawing condition, and particularly relates to a soil respiration simulation experiment device under a freezing and thawing action.
Background
The global warming causes the change of the freezing and thawing mode of frozen soil at medium and high latitudes, and the influence of the freezing and thawing effect on the emission of greenhouse gases becomes a current international research hotspot. Seasonal frozen soil at high and medium latitudes in China is widely distributed, is more sensitive to global warming response, has larger variation of freezing and thawing patterns, has more obvious influence on the emission of greenhouse gases of soil, and is very necessary to monitor the respiration of the freezing and thawing soil.
At present, methods for measuring seasonal frozen soil respiration are divided into field measurement and indoor freeze-thaw simulation tests. The field measurement is mostly directly carried out on the field soil surface, such as static box gas chromatography, and is widely applied to the field detection of greenhouse gas emission. However, the airtight environment formed inside the box body is easily interfered by the microclimate environment of the measured surface in the using process of the static box; the indoor freeze-thaw simulation experiment mainly comprises the steps of bringing a fresh soil sample back to a laboratory according to a certain soil sampling method, carrying out screening and other treatments, and then carrying out culture and freeze-thaw simulation. The method for measuring the breathing of the seasonal frozen soil in the field in winter faces the problems of low temperature, hard soil, insensitive instruments and the like, and the problem that the detection data of the breathing of the soil is not accurate enough due to large disturbance of the current indoor freezing-thawing simulation test on the native soil.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides the soil respiration and discharge measuring device which can reduce experimental errors and can simulate undisturbed soil indoors under the freezing and thawing action.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
a soil respiration simulation experiment device under freeze thawing comprises a soil sampling container, and a water level adjusting assembly, a soil profile gas production assembly and a parameter acquisition assembly which are arranged in the soil sampling container, wherein the soil sampling container is a pipe fitting with a sealing cover at one end, the water level adjusting assembly is a water supply pipe arranged on the pipe fitting, and the water level adjusting assembly further comprises a water outlet arranged at the bottom of the soil sampling container; the soil profile gas collection assembly comprises gas collecting pipes arranged in the soil sampling container at intervals and gas extraction parts respectively communicated with the gas collecting pipes, the parameter collection assembly is a sensing device distributed in the soil sampling container, and the sensing device is connected with a data collector.
As a further scheme of the utility model, the soil sampling container is a soil sample column collecting pipe which is a cylindrical pipe fitting with the bottom connected with a sealing cover.
Furthermore, the soil sample column collecting pipe is a PVC pipe, scale marks are arranged on the outer wall of the soil sample column collecting pipe, and the scale marks are located on a soft scale adhered to the outer wall of the PVC pipe.
As a further scheme of the utility model, the water supply pipe is a hard PVC pipe, one end of the hard PVC pipe is provided with a gauze and is inserted into the soil sampling container, the other end of the water supply pipe is connected with a rubber pipe, and the rubber pipe is connected with a funnel for water injection.
Furthermore, the water supply pipe is located on the side wall of the lower portion of the soil sampling container, a water outlet is formed in the side wall of the soil sampling container below the water supply pipe, and a sealing plug is arranged at the position of the water outlet.
As a further scheme of the utility model, the gas collecting pipes of the soil profile gas collecting assembly are sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the inside of the soil sampling container, a plurality of vent holes are distributed on the gas collecting pipes, and the gas collecting pipes are communicated with an air extracting part positioned outside the soil sampling container through communicating pipes.
Further, the gas collecting pipes are horizontally arranged and distributed on the soil section of the soil column in the soil sampling container in parallel, the gas collecting pipes are polyethylene rods, central air holes are formed in the gas collecting pipes, air holes are formed in the surfaces of the polyethylene rods, the diameter of each gas collecting pipe is 20mm, the length of each gas collecting pipe is 20mm, the diameter of each central air hole in each gas collecting pipe is 3-4mm, and each gas collecting pipe is a 60-mesh air hole.
Further, the communicating pipe is a stainless steel pipe, and the air exhaust component communicated with the communicating pipe is an injector.
As a further scheme of the utility model, the sensing device is a soil temperature and humidity sensor arranged in a soil column in the soil sampling container, and the soil temperature and humidity sensor is communicated with the data collector through a connecting wire.
Further, the top layer of the soil column in the soil sampling container is provided with a base, and the base is a hollow cylindrical steel ring with a groove.
Further, soil breathing simulation experiment device still includes the adjustable refrigerator-freezer of temperature under the freeze thawing effect, the refrigerator-freezer is used for right soil post carries out the freeze thawing adjustment of soil breathing monitoring in the soil sampling container.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
according to the experimental device for simulating the soil respiration under the freeze thawing action, the undisturbed soil is convenient to collect through the soil sampling container, and the experiment for simulating the soil respiration under the freeze thawing action is performed according to actual conditions. The soil sampling container is used for collecting the field undisturbed soil column, so that the soil can not be disturbed to a greater extent. The soil profile gas production component and the parameter acquisition component are arranged in the soil column through collection, gas production is carried out by utilizing the gas collecting pipe and the air extraction part for collecting air, soil is not disturbed when collection is carried out, the parameter acquisition component is utilized to adopt parameter data such as temperature and humidity of the soil, soil condition is conveniently monitored, under the regulation of the water level regulation component, the soil respiration determination under different water level conditions under the freeze thawing effect can be simulated, the freeze thawing process can not be influenced by the detection precision through the adjustable-temperature freezer, the structure is simple and practical, and the operation is simple.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a soil respiration simulation experiment device under the freezing and thawing action of the utility model.
In the figure: 1-a soil sample column collecting pipe, 2-a scale mark, 3-a water supply pipe, 4-a water outlet, 5-a gas collecting pipe, 6-a soil sensor, 7-an air extracting part, 8-a data collector and 9-a base.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a soil respiration simulation experiment device under freeze thawing action, which comprises a soil sampling container, and a water level adjusting assembly, a soil profile gas production assembly and a parameter acquisition assembly which are arranged in the soil sampling container. The soil sampling container is a pipe fitting with a sealing cover arranged at one end. In one embodiment of the utility model, the soil sampling container is a soil sample column collecting pipe 1, and the soil sample column collecting pipe 1 is a cylindrical pipe with the bottom connected with a sealing cover. The soil sample column collecting pipe 1 is a PVC pipe, scale marks 2 are arranged on the outer wall of the soil sample column collecting pipe 1, and the scale marks 2 are located on a soft scale adhered to the outer wall of the PVC pipe. In this embodiment, adopt the soil of cylindrical PVC pipe splendid attire sampling, cylindrical PVC socle portion is connected with sealed lid, and sealed lid adopts the mode of screw thread or lock to be fixed in soil sample post collection pipe 1's bottom, and the soil sample post collection pipe 1 bottom that makes after gathering the soil post is sealed to soil sample post collection pipe 1 bottom carries out different water levels to soil sample post in 1 carries out freeze thawing effect soil respiration simulation experiment down.
The water level adjusting component is a water supply pipe 3 arranged on the pipe fitting. The water supply pipe 3 is provided with a gauze and is inserted into one end of the hard PVC pipe inside the soil sampling container, the other end of the water supply pipe 3 is connected with a rubber pipe, and the rubber pipe is connected with a funnel for water injection. Wherein, the feed pipe 3 is a stereoplasm PVC tubule of installing in the pipe wall bottom of soil sample post collection pipe 1 to put into the gauze at intraductal, avoid soil blocking, one end stretches into in the soil sample post collection pipe 1 soil 10cm, and another stretches out soil sample post collection pipe 1 and connects the rubber tube, and a funnel is laid so that the water injection to the rubber tube other end.
The water level regulating assembly is characterized by further comprising a water outlet 4 arranged at the bottom of the soil sampling container, a sealing plug is arranged at the position of the water outlet 4, the water outlet 4 is located on the side wall of the soil sampling container below the water supply pipe 3, the water supply pipe 3 is located on the side wall of the lower portion of the soil sampling container, the water outlet 4 is flush with the bottom wall of the soil sampling container, and the water level in the soil sampling container is conveniently regulated in cooperation with the water supply pipe 3.
The soil profile gas production assembly comprises gas collecting pipes 5 arranged in the soil sampling container at intervals and gas extraction parts 7 respectively communicated with the gas collecting pipes 5. The gas collecting pipe 5 of the soil profile gas collecting assembly is sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the inside of the soil sampling container, a plurality of vent holes are distributed on the gas collecting pipe 5, and the gas collecting pipe 5 is communicated with an air extracting part 7 positioned outside the soil sampling container through a communicating pipe. The gas collecting pipe 5 is horizontally arranged and distributed on a soil profile of a soil column in the soil sampling container in parallel, the gas collecting pipe 5 is a polyethylene rod with a central vent hole inside and vent holes on the surface, the diameter of the gas collecting pipe 5 is 20mm, the length of the gas collecting pipe 5 is 20mm, the diameter of the central vent hole inside the gas collecting pipe 5 is 3-4mm, and the gas collecting pipe 5 is a 60-mesh vent hole. The communicating pipe is a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 1.6mm and the length of 70cm, one end of the stainless steel pipe is connected with the gas collecting pipe, the other end of the stainless steel pipe is communicated with the air exhaust part 7, the air exhaust part 7 is an injector, and a three-way pipe is further arranged at the joint of the injector and the communicating pipe.
The parameter acquisition assembly is sensor devices 6 distributed in the soil sampling container, and the sensor devices 6 are connected with a data acquisition unit 8. The sensing device 6 is a soil temperature and humidity sensor arranged in a soil column in the soil sampling container, and the soil temperature and humidity sensor is communicated with the data collector through a connecting wire. The sensing device 6 is a soil temperature and humidity sensor arranged in a soil column in the soil sampling container, and the soil temperature and humidity sensor is communicated with the data collector through a connecting wire.
In order to avoid damage to the connecting wires, the connecting wires are connected to the outside from the inside of the soil sampling container, and the connecting wires are sleeved by PVC pipes (with the diameter of 2cm), so that damage to the connecting wires is avoided.
In this embodiment, a base 9 is arranged on the top surface layer of the soil column in the soil sampling container, and the base 9 is a hollow cylindrical steel ring with a groove. The soil respiration simulation experiment device under the freezing and thawing action further comprises a freezer with adjustable temperature, and the freezer is used for freezing and thawing adjustment of soil respiration monitoring of the soil column in the soil sampling container.
The experimental process of the utility model is as follows:
(1) and (5) collecting an in-situ soil sample column.
In the utility model, taking the aviary island station of the Idiopha as an example, two typical vegetation communities reed and tamarix chinensis and a control group bare land are selected as research sample plots at the aviary island station of the Idiopha. Removing overground vegetation, taking a cylindrical PVC pipe with the diameter of 23cm, the height of 50cm and the thickness of 2cm as a soil sampling container and placing the cylindrical PVC pipe at the center of a sample square with the diameter of 1m multiplied by 1m, inserting the PVC pipe into the surface layer of soil to the depth of about 10cm so as to achieve the effect of fixing the PVC pipe, removing the soil around the outer wall of the PVC pipe in the sample square by using a shovel until the soil is dug to 50cm underground, continuously rotating the PVC pipe downwards until the whole PVC pipe is filled with the soil, then sealing the bottom of the PVC pipe by using a plug (namely a sealing cover which is made of a PVC plate with the thickness of 3 cm), and transporting the soil into a laboratory in an original state.
(2) And installing a soil profile gas collection assembly, a water level adjusting assembly and a parameter collection assembly for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the soil.
A hard PVC thin pipe is arranged at the bottom of the pipe wall of a PVC pipe (the diameter is 25cm, the height is 60cm and the thickness is 4cm) of a soil sampling container collected by a soil column and is used as a water supply pipe 3, one end of the water supply pipe 3 extends into the soil by 10cm, the other end of the water supply pipe extends out of the soil sampling container by 2cm and is connected with a rubber pipe with the length of 80cm, and a funnel is arranged at the other end of the rubber pipe so as to facilitate water injection; and sticking a soft graduated scale on the outer wall of the PVC water supply pipe 3. The soil profile gas production component is a 60-mesh microporous polyethylene rod with a gas collecting pipe 5 with the diameter of 20mm and the length of 20cm and a central vent hole with the diameter of 3-4 mm. The gas collecting pipe 5 is connected with one end of a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 1.6mm and the length of 70cm, and one end of the stainless steel pipe extending to the upper part of the soil layer is combined with a tee joint connected with an injector; the soil profile gas collection assembly is placed in a depth of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40cm in parallel to the soil layer in the soil profile in the PVC pipe of the soil sampling container, the soil temperature and humidity sensor of the parameter collection assembly is placed in a depth of parallel to the soil profile gas collection assembly and is connected to the outside from the inner wall of the soil sampling container, and the other end of the soil temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the data collector 8.
(3) And monitoring the soil greenhouse gas emission in the freeze-thaw period according to the actually measured data of the field environment.
The soil respiration monitoring is divided into two processes of freezing and melting: a. the freezing process comprises the following steps: placing the processed undisturbed soil into a temperature-adjustable freezer, immediately monitoring surface soil respiration by using a Li-840A soil respiration monitor, performing air extraction on each layer, analyzing by using a gas chromatograph, monitoring for 6 h/time, and simultaneously recording the temperature and humidity of the soil; when the undisturbed soil is completely frozen (whether the soil temperature is lower than 0 ℃ or not is observed), the freezing process is finished; b. the melting process comprises the following steps: adjusting the temperature, starting thawing, monitoring soil respiration for 12 h/time in the process, performing air extraction on each layer, analyzing by using a gas chromatograph, simultaneously recording the temperature and the humidity of the soil, and finishing the thawing process when the frozen soil is completely thawed (observing whether the temperature of the soil is higher than 5 ℃); the process of freezing and thawing is a freeze-thaw cycle, the complete six freeze-thaw cycles are one freeze-thaw cycle, and the freeze-thaw cycle is repeatedly performed for 3-5 times. And (3) repeatedly measuring each monitoring soil column (at different water levels in different freeze-thaw periods) for 3 times, wherein the measuring time is 3min each time.
The utility model is convenient for collecting undisturbed soil through the soil sampling container, and more accords with the actual situation to carry out the test of simulating the soil respiration under the freezing and thawing action. The soil sampling container is used for collecting the field undisturbed soil column, so that the soil can not be disturbed to a greater extent. The soil profile gas production component and the parameter acquisition component are arranged in the soil column through collection, gas production is carried out by utilizing the gas collecting pipe 7 and the air extraction part for collecting air, soil is not disturbed when collection is carried out, parameter data such as temperature and humidity of the soil are adopted by the parameter acquisition component, soil condition is conveniently monitored, under the regulation of the water level regulation component, the soil respiration determination under different water level conditions under the freeze thawing effect can be simulated, the freeze thawing process can not be influenced by the detection precision through the adjustable-temperature freezer, the structure is simple and practical, and the operation is simple.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A soil respiration simulation experiment device under freeze thawing action is characterized by comprising a soil sampling container, a water level adjusting assembly, a soil profile gas production assembly and a parameter acquisition assembly, wherein the water level adjusting assembly, the soil profile gas production assembly and the parameter acquisition assembly are arranged in the soil sampling container; the soil profile gas production assembly comprises gas collecting pipes (5) arranged in the soil sampling container at intervals and gas extraction parts (7) respectively communicated with the gas collecting pipes (5), the parameter collection assembly is sensor devices (6) distributed in the soil sampling container, and the sensor devices (6) are connected with a data collector (8).
2. The experimental apparatus for simulating soil respiration under freeze-thaw action according to claim 1, wherein: the soil sampling container is a soil sample column collecting pipe (1), and the soil sample column collecting pipe (1) is a cylindrical pipe fitting with the bottom connected with a sealing cover.
3. The experimental apparatus for simulating soil respiration under freeze-thaw action according to claim 2, wherein: the soil sample column collecting pipe (1) is a PVC pipe, scale marks (2) are arranged on the outer wall of the soil sample column collecting pipe (1), and the scale marks (2) are located on a soft scale pasted on the outer wall of the PVC pipe.
4. A freezing and thawing simulation experimental apparatus for soil respiration as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the water supply pipe (3) is provided with a gauze and is inserted into one end of the hard PVC pipe inside the soil sampling container, the other end of the water supply pipe (3) is connected with the rubber pipe, and the rubber pipe is connected with the funnel used for water injection.
5. The device for simulating soil respiration under freeze-thaw action according to claim 4, wherein: the water supply pipe (3) is located on the side wall of the lower portion of the soil sampling container, a water outlet (4) is formed in the side wall of the soil sampling container below the water supply pipe (3), and a sealing plug is arranged at the position of the water outlet (4).
6. A freezing and thawing simulation experimental apparatus for soil respiration as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the gas collecting pipe (5) of the soil profile gas collecting assembly is sequentially distributed from top to bottom along the inside of the soil sampling container, a plurality of vent holes are distributed in the gas collecting pipe (5), and the gas collecting pipe (5) is communicated with a gas extracting part (7) located outside the soil sampling container through a communicating pipe.
7. The experimental apparatus for simulating soil respiration under freeze-thaw action according to claim 6, wherein: the gas collecting pipe (5) is horizontally arranged and distributed on a soil profile of a soil column in the soil sampling container in parallel, the gas collecting pipe (5) is a polyethylene rod with a central air vent arranged inside and air vents arranged on the surface, the communicating pipe is a stainless steel pipe, and an air exhaust part (7) communicated with the communicating pipe is an injector.
8. The experimental apparatus for simulating soil respiration under freeze-thaw action according to claim 7, wherein: the sensing device (6) is a soil temperature and humidity sensor arranged in a soil column in the soil sampling container, and the soil temperature and humidity sensor is communicated with the data acquisition unit through a connecting wire.
9. The experimental apparatus for simulating soil respiration under freeze-thaw action according to claim 1, wherein: the soil sampling container is characterized in that a base (9) is arranged on the top surface layer of the top of a soil column in the soil sampling container, and the base (9) is a hollow cylindrical steel ring with a groove.
10. The experimental apparatus for simulating soil respiration under freeze-thaw action according to claim 1, wherein: the soil respiration simulation experiment device under the freezing and thawing action further comprises a freezer with adjustable temperature, and the freezer is used for freezing and thawing adjustment of soil respiration monitoring of the soil column in the soil sampling container.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116718756A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Method and system for determining hydrocarbon capping property of frozen soil layer on natural gas hydrate decomposition |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116718756A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Method and system for determining hydrocarbon capping property of frozen soil layer on natural gas hydrate decomposition |
CN116718756B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-10-27 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Method and system for determining hydrocarbon capping property of frozen soil layer on natural gas hydrate decomposition |
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