CN216049481U

CN216049481U - Underground tunneling blasting advanced wall protection dust suppression charging device

Info

Publication number: CN216049481U
Application number: CN202121702922.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪禹; 张西良; 杨海涛; 李二宝; 金科; 李龙福
Original assignee: Maanshan Institute Of Mining Research Blasting Engineering Co ltd; Huawei National Engineering Research Center of High Efficient Cyclic and Utilization of Metallic Mineral Resources Co Ltd; Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co Ltd
Current assignee: Maanshan Institute Of Mining Research Blasting Engineering Co ltd; Huawei National Engineering Research Center of High Efficient Cyclic and Utilization of Metallic Mineral Resources Co Ltd; Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-26
Filing date: 2021-07-26
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dust suppression and charging device for an underground tunneling blasting advanced protective wall, which is formed by combining an energy-gathering tube (2), a cartridge filled with emulsion explosive (3), a dust-reducing bag (4), a detonating tube detonator (5) and a water-resistant detonating cord (6). The energy-gathering pipe (2) is arranged in the advanced wall protecting hole (1), emulsion explosives (3) and dust-reducing bags (4) are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the energy-gathering pipe (2) at intervals along the axis direction, and the detonating tube detonator (5) and the water-resistant detonating cord (6) penetrate through the bottom of the inner side of the energy-gathering pipe (2) and are inserted into the emulsion explosives (3) at the bottom, so that an interval explosive-charging arrangement structure of 'explosives (3) -dust-reducing bags (4) -explosives (3') is formed along the axis direction. The utility model effectively controls the blasting forming of the tunnel, reduces the damage of blasting to rock mass around the tunnel, reduces the generation amount of blasting dust, reduces the blasting ventilation time and power consumption of underground mines, reduces the use amount of explosives, and has obvious economic benefit and environmental benefit.

Description

Underground tunneling blasting advanced wall protection dust suppression charging device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of explosive charging structures for underground tunneling blasting, and particularly relates to an explosive charging device for controlling the forming effect of an underground tunneling blasting section and reducing blasting dust damage.

Background

Due to the complex geological conditions, the common influence of rock mass structure, joint development and blasting operation, the phenomenon of overexcavation of broken or broken rock masses is common, and the forming effect of the roadway section is difficult to control, so that the workload and the supporting cost of roadway guniting support are increased. Because the lithologic change of underground rock mass is large, the conventional blasting method is adopted for tunneling, so that the utilization rate of blast holes is low, the phenomenon of overbreak occurs sometimes, and the tunneling speed of a roadway is seriously influenced. Under the action of blasting load, the structural stability of the broken or broken rock mass is influenced, and the later-stage roadway repair and maintenance cost is higher.

During blasting operation, the rock mass generates a large amount of cracks and pores under the action of blasting work and is crushed into dust particles and crushed stone chips; under the action of strong explosive shock waves, dust and crushed stone are thinned and decomposed to be cracked into floating dust with smaller particle size. The blast shock wave not only generates a large amount of dust, but also raises the dust attached to the rock wall and the ground surface. According to statistics, after each ton of explosive explodes, 54.2kg of explosion dust is generated, wherein more than 80% of the explosion dust is respiratory dust with the particle size smaller than 10 microns, and micro dust and ultra-micro dust in the particle size range can enter deep parts of respiratory tracts, and can damage lung cells of a human body after long-time accumulation, so that incurable diseases such as pneumoconiosis and silicosis are caused, and the life safety is directly threatened.

In order to reduce damage and damage of explosive explosion to the periphery of an underground tunneling tunnel or a broken rock body, the method is characterized in that advanced retaining wall holes are arranged on a tunnel excavation contour line, the retaining wall holes are firstly detonated, the influence of explosion pressure generated by a post-explosion blast hole on the rock body is reduced, the blasting damage effect of the tunnel side wall is controlled, and then the tunnel forming effect is controlled. The safety production of enterprises with problems of safety and environmental protection is directly related to the life and property safety of workers in the enterprises, and has great significance for maintaining the normal production order and social stability of the enterprises.

Therefore, aiming at the broken or more broken rock mass, an effective blasting control technical means is urgently needed to be adopted, so that on one hand, the profile flatness of the underground tunneling blasting section is improved, the tunneling overbreak rate is reduced, and the stability of surrounding rocks at the periphery is improved; on the other hand, the damage of blasting dust is reduced, an excellent operation environment is created, and the comprehensive cost of tunneling blasting is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a dust suppression charging device for an underground tunneling blasting advanced retaining wall, which aims to control the forming effect of a tunneling blasting section of a broken or broken rock mass and reduce the harm of dust generated by mine blasting operation to human bodies and the environment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the underground tunneling blasting advanced retaining wall dust suppression charging device comprises an energy collecting pipe, wherein the energy collecting pipe is arranged in an advanced retaining wall hole, and the underground tunneling blasting advanced retaining wall dust suppression charging device is characterized in that: it is composed of an energy gathering tube, a cartridge filled with emulsion explosive, a dust reducing bag, a detonator of a detonating tube and a water-resistant detonating cord; the cross section of the energy-gathering pipe is in a thin-wall structure of a semi-wall ellipse, and two sides of the pipe wall are inwards sunken to form an energy-gathering hole shape; emulsion explosives and dust bags are uniformly arranged at intervals at the bottom of the energy collecting tube along the axial direction, a detonator of the detonating tube and a water-resistant detonating cord penetrate through the bottom of the inner side of the energy collecting tube and are inserted into the emulsion explosives at the bottom, and the dust bags and the emulsion explosives are bound on the water-resistant detonating cord, so that an explosive-dust bag-explosive interval charging arrangement structure is formed along the axial direction of the advanced retaining wall hole; stemming is filled in the orifice of the advanced wall protection hole; the detonating tube detonator is arranged from the hole bottom to the outside of the orifice, and the water-resistant detonating cord is arranged from the hole bottom to the stemming filling position.

In order to improve the dust suppression effect, the dust reduction bag is internally provided with a dust reduction emulsion agent and a colloidal aqueous solution, and is packaged by degradable flexible materials.

The interval arrangement scheme formed by the explosives and the dust-reducing bags designed by the advanced wall-protecting and dust-suppressing powder charging device for underground tunneling blasting can ensure that the dust-reducing bags are relatively uniformly distributed in the explosives, dust generated by blasting and dust-reducing colloid are fully atomized and adsorbed and combined, the content of blasting dust in air is greatly reduced, and the environment of an underground tunneling working face is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a blast hole charging structure of an underground tunneling blasting advance retaining wall according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;

the reference signs are: 1-leading wall protecting hole; 2-energy gathering pipe; 3-an explosive; 4-dust-reducing bag; 5-detonator of detonating tube; 6-water resistant detonating cord; 7-stemming.

Detailed Description

For better description of the utility model, the underground tunneling blasting forepoling dust suppression charging device of the utility model is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The cross section schematic diagram of the blast hole charging structure of the underground excavation blasting advanced retaining wall shown in the figure 1 is combined with figures 2 and 3, so that the underground excavation blasting advanced retaining wall dust suppression charging device is characterized in that an energy-gathering tube 2 made of environment-friendly materials such as degradable fibers, starch plastics or thermoplastic starch resins is arranged in an advanced retaining wall hole 1, the outer diameter of a long shaft of the energy-gathering tube 2 is 35-40 mm, the outer diameter of a short shaft of the energy-gathering tube is 34-35 mm, the wall thickness of the energy-gathering tube is 2-3 mm, and the diameter of the blast hole of the advanced retaining wall hole 1 is 38-45 mm. The cross section of the energy-gathering pipe 2 is in a thin-wall structure of a semi-wall ellipse, and two sides of the pipe wall are inwards sunken to form an energy-gathering hole shape; the emulsion explosives 3 and the dust bags 4 are uniformly arranged at intervals at the bottom of the energy-collecting pipe 2 along the axial direction, and are bound by using an insulating tape in order to ensure that the emulsion explosives 3 and the dust bags 4 are in close contact with the energy-collecting pipe 2; the dust-settling bag 4 is filled with a dust-settling emulsion agent and a colloidal aqueous solution, and the dust-settling bag 4 is packaged by adopting a degradable flexible material; in order to facilitate the underground construction operation, a detonator 5 of a detonating tube and a water-resistant detonating cord 6 penetrate through the bottom of the inner side of the energy collecting tube 2 and are inserted into the emulsion explosive 3 at the bottom, and the dust-reducing bag 4 and the emulsion explosive 3 are bound on the water-resistant detonating cord 6, so that an arrangement structure of interval charging of 'explosive 3-dust-reducing bag 4-explosive 3' is formed along the axial direction of the advanced wall protecting hole 1; the hole opening of the advanced protective wall hole 1 is filled with stemming 7; the detonating tube detonator 5 is arranged from the hole bottom to the outside of the hole opening, and the water-resistant detonating cord 6 is arranged from the hole bottom to the filling position of the stemming 7; the energy-gathering tube 2, the explosive stick filled with the emulsion explosive 3, the dust-reducing bag 4, the detonating tube detonator 5 and the water-resistant detonating cord 6 are combined to form the advanced dado dust-suppression charging device for underground tunneling blasting.

Considering the existence of water in underground tunneling, the explosive 3 is a water-resistant emulsion explosive, the diameter of the cartridge is 32mm, the length of the cartridge is 20cm or 30cm, and the adjustment is carried out according to the site; the dust bag 4 has a diameter of 32mm and lengths of 10cm, 15cm, 20cm and 25cm, respectively, which is preferable in practical situations.

In order to facilitate the field construction and operation, the detonating tube detonator 5 and the water-resistant detonating cord 6 are inserted into the bottom cartridge together, so that the condition that the detonating tube detonator 5 and the water-resistant detonating cord 6 are connected is avoided, and after the bottom cartridge is detonated, the explosive in the front wall protecting hole 1 is led by the water-resistant detonating cord 6 and is transmitted to the orifice, thereby realizing the reverse detonation of the hole bottom and increasing the energy utilization rate. Triangular grooves are respectively manufactured on two sides of the energy-gathering pipe 2, detonation products generated by explosive explosion fly out along the direction vertical to the surfaces of the triangular grooves, and the detonation products are gathered on the same axis to form an energy-gathering flow with high speed and pressure, so that the rock mass is promoted to be deepened and expanded along the set direction. Then under the action of explosive gas, the crack in the direction continuously extends until the crack is intersected with the cracks formed by other blast holes. In the direction of surrounding rocks, partial energy can be absorbed and reflected due to the existence of the wall protection sleeve, micro cracks formed due to the direct action of shock waves on the hole wall are reduced, meanwhile, the wedging and expansion action of explosive gas on the cracks of the hole wall is blocked, and the stability of the surrounding rocks on the upper portion of a roadway is favorably protected.

The dust fall colloid in the dust fall bag 4 has the functions of buffering and uniformly transmitting explosion pressure, compared with the air, the explosion energy is highly gathered after being strongly compressed, when the dust fall colloid acts on rocks, impact energy and pressure are relatively flat, relaxed and uniformly acted on the rocks by water energy, the quasi-static pressure, the duration and the directional crack breaking distance are increased, the rocks are uniformly crushed, and the harmful effect of excessive crushing is greatly reduced. In the underground broken rock mass, the using amount of the explosive can be reduced, the energy is transferred into the tunneling rock mass through the aqueous medium, the energy utilization rate of the explosion is increased, the unit consumption of the explosive is reduced, and the number of blast holes of the advanced retaining wall is reduced.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an underground tunnelling blasting leading dado presses down dirt charging means, contains and gathers can pipe (2), gather can pipe (2) install in leading dado hole (1), its characterized in that: it is composed of an energy gathering tube (2), a cartridge filled with emulsion explosive (3), a dust-reducing bag (4), a detonator of a detonating tube (5) and a water-resistant detonating cord (6); the cross section of the energy-gathering pipe (2) is in a semi-wall oval thin-wall structure, and two sides of the pipe wall are inwards sunken to form an energy-gathering hole shape; the explosive stick and the dust-reducing bag (4) which are provided with the emulsion explosive (3) are arranged at the bottom of the energy-gathering tube (2) along the axis direction at even intervals, the detonating tube detonator (5) and the water-resistant detonating cord (6) penetrate through the bottom of the inner side of the energy-gathering tube (2) and are inserted into the emulsion explosive (3) at the bottom, and the dust-reducing bag (4) and the emulsion explosive (3) are bound on the water-resistant detonating cord (6), so that an interval explosive charging arrangement structure of 'explosive (3) -dust-reducing bag (4) -explosive (3') is formed along the axis direction of the advanced wall-protecting hole (1).

2. The underground excavation blasting leading wall dust suppression charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the long shaft of the energy-gathering pipe (2) is 35-40 mm, the outer diameter of the short shaft is 34-35 mm, and the wall thickness is 2-3 mm.