CN215984422U

CN215984422U - Flatness measuring instrument

Info

Publication number: CN215984422U
Application number: CN202121650538.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒琦; 李忠武
Original assignee: Wuhan Huake New Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Huake New Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2022-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flatness measuring instrument, which comprises a box body structure, a moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a measuring mechanism, a length measuring component, a control mechanism and a data processing mechanism, wherein the box body structure is provided with a box body; the box body structure comprises a machine body pillar structural part and a machine body frame structural part; the four machine body strut structural members are arranged at the bottom of the machine body frame structural member; the marble scale bracket structure is arranged at the bottom of the machine body frame structure, a bearing seat mounting plate and three linear slide rail mounting plates are arranged on a cross beam in the machine body frame structure, and the bearing seat mounting plate is positioned above the linear slide rail mounting plates; the surface of the control panel is provided with a power switch, a display screen and a key knob; the device is very convenient for measuring the straightness, has high accuracy and is convenient for recording and inquiring data.

Description

Flatness measuring instrument

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a flatness measuring instrument.

Background

The measurement of the straightness of the heavy rail is several important indexes of steel rail factory detection. Originally adopted is artifical the detection, and artifical straightness that levelly and straightly is utilized one long 2 meters square and clearance gauge cooperation, and during its detection:

1. the measuring process is inconvenient to operate. A measurer is inconvenient to operate by a single person, and can measure the flatness accurately by matching more than two persons when measuring the flatness (side flatness).

2. The accuracy of the measured data values is difficult to guarantee. The measuring scale is long and easy to wear (two ends of the special scale) and deform, so that the precision is low, the reliability of a measuring result is slightly poor, and the flatness shape of the rail is not visual during measurement.

3. The data recording is inconvenient in the measurement, and the measurement data in the operation can be continuously measured only by being recorded separately, so that the recording error is easy to generate, and the data recording is not real.

4. Historical data is inconvenient to query. And the data are manually recorded and then logged, so that the measured data have poor traceability.

To this end, the utility model provides a flatness gauge.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a straightness measuring instrument aiming at the defects of the prior art so as to achieve the purposes of convenient measurement, high accuracy and convenient data recording and query.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows: the flatness measuring instrument comprises a box body structure, a moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a measuring mechanism, a length measuring component, a control mechanism and a data processing mechanism; the box body structure comprises a machine body pillar structural part and a machine body frame structural part; the four machine body strut structural members are arranged at the bottom of the machine body frame structural member; the marble scale bracket structure is arranged at the bottom of the machine body frame structure, a bearing seat mounting plate and three linear slide rail mounting plates are arranged on a cross beam in the machine body frame structure, and the bearing seat mounting plate is positioned above the linear slide rail mounting plates; the surface of the control panel is provided with a power switch, a display screen and a key knob; and a marble scale is arranged on the side wall of the marble scale support structural part.

Further, the moving mechanism comprises a bearing seat mounting plate; a first servo motor is arranged at the bottom of the bearing seat mounting plate through a motor base; the bottom of the bearing seat mounting plate is also provided with two first bearing fixing seats; the front surface of the bearing seat mounting plate is arranged on the back surface of a middle cross beam in a machine body frame structural member; two side surfaces of the bearing seat mounting plate are respectively provided with three first limit switches and one second limit switch; a first screw rod is arranged between the two first bearing fixing seats; the screw rod nut and the first screw rod are installed in a matched mode; the screw rod nut is provided with a lifting structure connecting plate; the screw rod nut is connected with the side surface of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part through a lifting structure connecting plate; three first linear slide rails are respectively arranged on the three linear slide rail mounting plates; the three first linear sliding rails are respectively matched with the three first sliding blocks; a servo motor is installed through a shaft coupling and a lead screw cooperation.

Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part; the lifting moving mechanism is characterized in that lifting moving structural parts are arranged on two sides of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part, a lifting structure connecting plate is arranged on the side surface of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part at the middle position, and three first sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part; the lifting moving structure is provided with a first speed reducer, two second bearing fixing seats and two slide rail mounting blocks, the side surface of the lifting moving structure is provided with two third limit switches, and the side surface of the lifting moving structure is also provided with a rubber-dynamic locking structure; a second servo motor is arranged behind the first speed reducer, and a second coupler is arranged in front of the first speed reducer; the second coupler is connected with a second lead screw, the second lead screw is arranged between two second bearing fixing seats, and one end of the second lead screw is provided with a first conical gear; a second-order bevel gear is mounted at the front end of the rubber-dynamic locking structure, and a rotating handle is mounted at the rear end of the rubber-dynamic locking structure; the first conical gear and the second conical gear are tightly matched and mounted; two linear slide rails are arranged on the two slide rail mounting blocks, and a third limit switch is also arranged on one slide rail mounting block; the second linear slide rail and the second slide block are installed in a matched mode; the two second sliding blocks are arranged on the back surface of the movable structural part; the back of the sliding groove of the movable structural part is also provided with a feed screw nut and a nut seat in a matching way; a first limit block is arranged on the side surface of the sliding chute of the movable structural part; the movable structural part is connected with the arc slider mounting structural part through a connecting shaft, and the arc slider mounting structural part can rotate through the connecting shaft; the arc sliding block is arranged on the back surface of the arc sliding block mounting structural part; the arc sliding block and the arc sliding rail are installed in a matched mode; the arc slide rail is arranged on the connecting plate of the measuring structure; and the two measuring structure connecting plates are arranged on the front surface of the aluminum alloy section on the measuring mechanism.

Further, the measuring mechanism comprises an aluminum alloy section and a movable sliding table mounting plate; two side mounting plates are mounted at two ends of the aluminum alloy profile, a speed reducer mounting seat and two No. four limit switches are mounted on the aluminum alloy profile, and two measuring structure connecting plates are further mounted on the aluminum alloy profile; four No. three linear sliding rails are mounted on the two sliding grooves on the two side surfaces of the aluminum alloy section; the back of the aluminum alloy section is provided with a number four linear slide rail, four sets of aluminum alloy section supporting structural members and two sets of supporting frames; one side of one mounting plate, which is close to the speed reducer mounting seat, is provided with three sets of synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft mounting seats; three sets of synchronous idler wheel mounting seats are mounted on the other side mounting plate; two first drag chain boxes are arranged between the two side mounting plates, and a second drag chain box is arranged at a middle square hole of the two side mounting plates; the movable sliding table is mounted on the movable sliding table mounting plate, and two third sliding blocks are mounted on the back surface of the movable sliding table mounting plate; the two third sliding blocks and the two third linear sliding rails are installed in a matched mode; the side moving part of the moving sliding table is connected with the second laser sensor mounting plate through a moving sliding table connecting strip; a laser sensor is arranged on the second laser sensor mounting plate; two third sliding blocks are arranged on the back of the sliding block mounting plate; the two third sliding blocks and the two third linear sliding rails are installed in a matching mode; a first laser sensor mounting plate is mounted at the long arm end of the slide block mounting plate; the top of the sliding block mounting plate is provided with a second limit block; a laser sensor is arranged on the second laser sensor mounting plate; the back surface of the first laser sensor mounting plate is provided with a fourth sliding block, and the vertical surface of the first laser sensor mounting plate is provided with a laser sensor; the fourth sliding block and the fourth linear sliding rail are installed in a matched mode; the inner wall of the bearing of the three sets of synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft mounting seats is provided with a synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft; four second synchronizing wheels are fixedly arranged on the synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft; three sets of synchronous idler mounting seats are respectively provided with three sets of synchronous idlers; wherein, three sets of second synchronous wheels and three sets of synchronous idle wheels are respectively installed by three second synchronous belts in a matching way; a second speed reducer is mounted on the speed reducer mounting seat; a third servo motor is arranged behind the second speed reducer; a first synchronizing wheel is arranged on a front shaft of the second speed reducer; the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are installed in a matched mode through the first synchronous belt; the three second synchronous belts are respectively connected with the movable sliding table mounting plate, the sliding block mounting plate and the first laser sensor mounting plate through connecting cards; three drag chains are respectively arranged in the first drag chain box and the second drag chain box; the three drag chains are respectively connected with the movable sliding table mounting plate, the sliding block mounting plate and the first laser sensor mounting plate through connecting strips; and a track vertical plane pressing block and a track horizontal plane stop block are respectively arranged on the two supporting frames.

Further, the length measuring component comprises a length measuring component body structural part; the length measuring part body structural part is provided with a damping cylinder, a first fixing shaft, a second fixing shaft and a photoelectric sensor; the inner walls of the bearing seats at the rear ends of the two first bearing supporting arms and the two first bearing supporting arms are arranged at two ends of the second fixed shaft; two ends of a third fixing shaft are arranged in front end shaft holes of the two first bearing supporting arms; the middle of the third fixed shaft is matched and connected with the inner wall of the middle bearing of the roller, so that the roller rotates by taking the third fixed shaft as the center; the inner walls of the bearing seats at the rear ends of the two second bearing supporting arms are arranged at the two ends of the first fixed shaft; the inner bearing walls of the front end bearing seats of the two second bearing supporting arms are arranged at two ends of the fourth fixed shaft; the fourth fixed shaft is fixedly matched with a middle shaft hole of the eccentric device roller; the deflection coder roller rotates to enable the fourth fixing shaft to rotate in the front end bearing seat bearings of the two second bearing supporting arms; one end of the fourth fixed shaft is connected with the shaft of the offset device in a matching way through a coupler; the dust guard is arranged on the two second bearing supporting arms.

Furthermore, the control mechanism is composed of a PLC control system and comprises various parts execution taking the PLC as a center, analog quantity input and man-machine communication.

Further, the data processing mechanism is composed of a MYSQL database and is used for data storage.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the flatness measuring instrument provided by the utility model has the advantages that through the matching use of the box body structure, the moving mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the measuring mechanism, the length measuring part, the control mechanism and the data processing mechanism, the measuring precision is high when the heavy rail flatness is measured, the measurement is convenient, and the data recording and inquiring are convenient.

2. The flatness measuring instrument is based on the laser triangulation distance measuring principle, can rapidly and simultaneously complete flatness measurement in two directions by utilizing the advantages of high laser measurement precision and high speed, judges the defects of unevenness, low head, local high points and the like according to the standard, informs an inspection post personnel in three modes of sound, light, data overproof prompt and the like, and simultaneously displays a surface form graph on a display of a user to guide the user to rapidly straighten the steel rail.

Drawings

The utility model will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the case of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the mechanical cooperation of the moving and lifting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the mechanical cooperation of the moving and lifting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the mechanical cooperation of the moving and elevating mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the mechanical cooperation of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a measuring mechanism of the present invention in mechanical cooperation;

FIG. 8 is a top view of the mechanical engagement of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic bottom view of the mechanical engagement of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the mechanical engagement of the length measuring means of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of the length measuring member of the present invention in mechanical engagement;

in the figure: the device comprises a box body structure 1, a moving mechanism 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a measuring mechanism 4, a machine body support column structural member 1-1, a machine body frame structural member 1-2, an upper panel 1-3, a side panel 1-4, a front panel 1-5, a control panel 1-6, a power switch 1-7, a display screen 1-8, a key knob 1-9, a three-color display lamp 1-10, four hoisting rings 1-11, a marble scale support structural member 1-12, a marble scale 1-13, a bearing seat mounting plate 2-1, a first servo motor 2-2, a first coupler 2-3, a first bearing fixing seat 2-4, a first lead screw 2-5, a lead screw nut 2-6, a lifting structure connecting plate 2-7, a first limit switch 2-8, 2-9 parts of second limit switch, 2-10 parts of linear slide rail mounting plate, 2-11 parts of first linear slide rail, 2-12 parts of first slide block, 3-1 parts of lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part, 3-2 parts of lifting moving structural part, 3-3 parts of first speed reducer, 3-4 parts of second servo motor, 3-5 parts of second coupling, 3-6 parts of first conical gear, 3-7 parts of glue-driven locking structure, 3-8 parts of rotating handle, 3-9 parts of second conical gear, 3-10 parts of second bearing fixing seat, 3-11 parts of second screw rod, 3-12 parts of slide rail mounting block, 3-13 parts of second linear slide rail, 3-14 parts of second slide block, 3-15 parts of third limit switch, 3-16 parts of screw rod nut and nut seat, 3-17 parts of moving structural part, 3-18 parts of first limit block, 3-19 parts of connecting shaft, 3-20 parts of arc sliding block mounting structural part, 3-21 parts of arc sliding block, 3-22 parts of arc sliding rail, 3-23 parts of measuring structure connecting plate, 4-1 parts of aluminum alloy section bar, 4-2 parts of side mounting plate, 4-3 parts of speed reducer mounting seat, 4-4 parts of speed reducer, 4-5 parts of third servo motor, 4-6 parts of fourth limit switch, 4-7 parts of third linear sliding rail, 4-8 parts of third sliding block, 4-9 parts of movable sliding table mounting plate, 4-10 parts of movable sliding table, 4-11 parts of movable sliding table connecting strip, 4-12 parts of sliding block mounting plate, 4-13 parts of second limit block, 4-14 parts of first drag chain box, 4-15 parts of drag chain, 4-16 parts of first synchronous wheel, 4-17 parts of first synchronous belt, 4-18 parts of synchronous wheel mounting long shaft, 4-19 parts of a synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft mounting seat, 4-20 parts of a second synchronizing wheel, 4-21 parts of a second synchronizing belt, 4-22 parts of a synchronizing idler wheel mounting seat, 4-23 parts of a synchronizing idler wheel, 4-24 parts of a fourth linear slide rail, 4-25 parts of a fourth sliding block, 4-26 parts of a first laser sensor mounting plate, 4-27 parts of a second laser sensor mounting plate, 4-28 parts of a laser sensor, 4-29 parts of an aluminum alloy profile supporting structural member, 4-30 parts of a second drag chain box, 4-31 parts of a supporting frame, 4-32 parts of a track vertical plane pressing block, 4-33 parts of a track horizontal plane stopping block, 5-1 parts of a length measuring part body structural member, 5-2 parts of a damping cylinder, 5-3 parts of a first fixing shaft, 5-4 parts of a second fixing shaft, 5-5 parts of a photoelectric sensor, 5-6 parts of a first bearing supporting arm, 5-7 parts of a third fixing shaft, 5-8 parts of a second bearing supporting arm, 5-9 parts of a fourth fixing shaft, 5-10 parts of rollers, 5-11 parts of offset device rollers, 5-12 parts of offset devices and 5-13 parts of dust baffles.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the utility model easy to understand, the utility model is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the flatness measuring instrument of the present invention includes a box structure 1, a moving mechanism 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a measuring mechanism 4, a length measuring component, a control mechanism and a data processing mechanism; the box body structure 1 comprises a machine body strut structural part 1-1 and a machine body frame structural part 1-2; the four machine body strut structural parts 1-1 are arranged at the bottom of the machine body frame structural part 1-2; the machine body frame structural part 1-2 is provided with an upper panel 1-3, a side panel 1-4, a front panel 1-5, a control panel 1-6, a three-color display lamp 1-10 and four hoisting rings 1-11, the bottom of the machine body frame structural part 1-2 is provided with a marble scale bracket structural part 1-12, a cross beam in the machine body frame structural part 1-2 is provided with a bearing seat mounting plate 2-1 and three linear slide rail mounting plates 2-10, and the bearing seat mounting plate 2-1 is positioned above the linear slide rail mounting plates 2-10; the surface of the control panel 1-6 is provided with a power switch 1-7, a display screen 1-8 and a key knob 1-9; the side walls of the marble scale support structural parts 1-12 are provided with marble scales 1-13.

The moving mechanism 2 comprises a bearing seat mounting plate 2-1; a first servo motor 2-2 is arranged at the bottom of the bearing seat mounting plate 2-1 through a motor base; the bottom of the bearing seat mounting plate 2-1 is also provided with two first bearing fixing seats 2-4; the front surface of the bearing seat mounting plate 2-1 is arranged on the back surface of a middle cross beam in the machine body frame structural part 1-2; two side surfaces of the bearing seat mounting plate 2-1 are respectively provided with three first limit switches 2-8 and a second limit switch 2-9; a first screw rod 2-5 is arranged between the two first bearing fixing seats 2-4; the screw rod nut 2-6 is matched with the first screw rod 2-5; a lifting structure connecting plate 2-7 is arranged on the screw rod nut 2-6; the screw rod nut 2-6 is connected with the side surface of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part 3-1 through a lifting structure connecting plate 2-7; three first linear slide rails 2-11 are respectively arranged on the three linear slide rail mounting plates 2-10; the three first linear sliding rails 2-11 are respectively matched with the three first sliding blocks 2-12; the first servo motor 2-2 is installed in a matched mode through the first coupler 2-3 and the first screw rod 2-5.

The lifting mechanism 3 comprises a lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part 3-1; the two sides of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part 3-1 are provided with lifting moving structural parts 3-2, the side surface of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part 3-1 is provided with a lifting structure connecting plate 2-7 at the middle position, and the bottom surface of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part 3-1 is provided with three first sliding blocks 2-12 respectively; a first speed reducer 3-3, two second bearing fixing seats 3-10 and two sliding rail mounting blocks 3-12 are mounted on the lifting movable structural part 3-2, two third limit switches 3-15 are mounted on the side surface of the lifting movable structural part 3-2, and a glue-operated locking structure 3-7 is further mounted on the side surface of the lifting movable structural part 3-2; a second servo motor 3-4 is arranged behind the first speed reducer 3-3, and a second coupler 3-5 is arranged in front of the first speed reducer 3-3; the second coupler 3-5 is connected with a second lead screw 3-11, the second lead screw 3-11 is installed between two second bearing fixing seats 3-10, and one end of the second lead screw 3-11 is provided with a first conical gear 3-6; a second-order bevel gear 3-9 is installed at the front end of the rubber locking structure 3-7, and a rotating handle 3-8 is installed at the rear end of the rubber locking structure; the first conical gear 3-6 and the second conical gear 3-9 are tightly matched and installed; a second linear slide rail 3-13 is arranged on the two slide rail mounting blocks 3-12, and a third limit switch 3-15 is also arranged on one slide rail mounting block 3-12; the second linear slide rail 3-13 and the second slide block 3-14 are installed in a matched mode; the two second sliding blocks 3-14 are arranged on the back surfaces of the moving structural parts 3-17; the back of the sliding groove of the movable structural part 3-17 is also provided with a feed screw nut and a nut seat 3-16 in a matching way; a first limit block 3-18 is arranged on the side surface of the sliding groove of the movable structural part 3-17; the movable structural members 3-17 are connected with the arc slider mounting structural members 3-20 through connecting shafts 3-19, and the arc slider mounting structural members 3-20 can rotate through the connecting shafts 3-19; the arc sliding block 3-21 is arranged on the back surface of the arc sliding block mounting structural part 3-20; the arc sliding blocks 3-21 and the arc sliding rails 3-22 are installed in a matched mode; the arc slide rails 3-22 are arranged on the measuring structure connecting plates 3-23; two measuring structure connecting plates 3-23 are arranged on the front surface of the aluminum alloy section 4-1 on the measuring mechanism 4.

The measuring mechanism 4 comprises an aluminum alloy section 4-1 and a movable sliding table mounting plate 4-9; two side mounting plates 4-2 are mounted at two ends of the aluminum alloy section 4-1, a speed reducer mounting seat 4-3 and two No. four limit switches 4-6 are mounted on the aluminum alloy section 4-1, and two measuring structure connecting plates 3-23 are further mounted on the aluminum alloy section 4-1; four No. three linear sliding rails 4-7 are arranged on two sliding grooves on two side surfaces of the aluminum alloy section 4-1; the back of the aluminum alloy section 4-1 is provided with a fourth linear slide rail 4-24, four sets of aluminum alloy section supporting structural members 4-29 and two sets of supporting frames 4-31; one side of one mounting plate 4-2 close to the speed reducer mounting seat 4-3 is provided with three sets of synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft mounting seats 4-19; the other side mounting plate 4-2 is provided with three sets of synchronous idler wheel mounting seats 4-22; two first drag chain boxes 4-14 are arranged between the two side mounting plates 4-2, and a second drag chain box 4-30 is arranged at a middle square hole of the two side mounting plates 4-2; a movable sliding table (4-10) is arranged on the movable sliding table mounting plate 4-9, and two third sliding blocks 4-8 are arranged on the back surface of the movable sliding table mounting plate 4-9; the two third sliding blocks 4-8 and the two third linear sliding rails 4-7 are installed in a matched mode; the side face moving part of the moving sliding table (4-10) is connected with a second laser sensor mounting plate 4-27 through a moving sliding table connecting strip 4-11; the second laser sensor mounting plate 4-27 is provided with a laser sensor 4-28; two third sliding blocks 4-8 are arranged on the back of the sliding block mounting plate 4-12; two third sliding blocks 4-8 and two third linear sliding rails 4-7 are installed in a matching mode; a first laser sensor mounting plate 4-26 is mounted at the long arm end of the slide block mounting plate 4-12; a second limit block 4-13 is arranged at the top of the sliding block mounting plate 4-12; the second laser sensor mounting plate 4-27 is provided with a laser sensor 4-28; a fourth sliding block 4-25 is arranged on the back surface of the first laser sensor mounting plate 4-26, and a laser sensor 4-28 is arranged on the vertical surface of the first laser sensor mounting plate 4-26; a fourth sliding block 4-25 and a fourth linear sliding rail 4-24 are installed in a matching mode; the inner walls of the bearings of the three sets of synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft mounting seats 4-19 are provided with synchronizing wheel mounting long shafts 4-18; four second synchronizing wheels 4-20 are fixedly arranged on the synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft 4-18; three sets of synchronous idler mounting seats 4-22 are respectively provided with three sets of synchronous idlers 4-23; wherein, three sets of second synchronous wheels 4-20 and three sets of synchronous idle wheels 4-23 are respectively installed by three second synchronous belts 4-21 in a matching way; a second speed reducer 4-4 is arranged on the speed reducer mounting seat 4-3; a third servo motor 4-5 is arranged behind the second speed reducer 4-4; a first synchronizing wheel 4-16 is arranged on the front shaft of the second speed reducer 4-4; the first synchronous wheel 4-16 and the second synchronous wheel 4-20 are installed in a matching way through a first synchronous belt 4-17; the three second synchronous belts 4-21 are respectively connected with the movable sliding table mounting plate 4-9, the sliding block mounting plate 4-12 and the first laser sensor mounting plate 4-26 through connecting cards; three drag chains 4-15 are respectively arranged in the first drag chain box 4-14 and the second drag chain box 4-30; the three drag chains 4-15 are respectively connected with the movable sliding table mounting plate 4-9, the sliding block mounting plate 4-12 and the first laser sensor mounting plate 4-26 through connecting strips; the two support frames 4-31 are respectively provided with a track vertical plane press block 4-32 and a track horizontal plane stop block 4-33.

The length measuring component comprises a length measuring component body structural part 5-1; the length measuring part body structural part 5-1 is provided with a damping cylinder 5-2, a first fixed shaft 5-3, a second fixed shaft 5-4 and a photoelectric sensor 5-5; the inner wall of a bearing seat bearing at the rear ends of the two first bearing supporting arms 5-6 and the two first bearing supporting arms 5-6 is arranged at two ends of a second fixed shaft 5-4; two ends of a third fixing shaft 5-7 are arranged in front end shaft holes of the two first bearing supporting arms 5-6; the middle of the third fixed shaft 5-7 is matched and connected with the inner wall of the middle bearing of the roller 5-10, so that the roller 5-10 rotates by taking the third fixed shaft 5-7 as the center; the inner wall of a bearing seat bearing at the rear end of each of the two second bearing supporting arms 5-8 is arranged at two ends of the first fixed shaft 5-3; the inner bearing walls of the front end bearing seats of the two second bearing supporting arms 5-8 are arranged at two ends of a fourth fixed shaft 5-9; the fourth fixed shaft 5-9 is fixedly matched with a middle shaft hole of the offset device roller 5-11; the eccentric device rollers 5-11 rotate to enable the fourth fixed shaft 5-9 to rotate in the front end bearing block bearings of the two second bearing supporting arms 5-8; one end of a fourth fixed shaft 5-9 is in matched connection with the shaft of the offset device 5-12 through a coupler; the dust baffle plates 5-13 are arranged on the two second bearing supporting arms 5-8.

The control mechanism consists of a PLC control system and comprises various parts of execution, analog quantity input and man-machine communication which take the PLC as a center; the data processing mechanism consists of a MYSQL database and is used for data storage.

The working principle is as follows: and starting the power supply, starting the computer and selecting a test program. Clicking a measuring program 'substrate test' PLC control system to send a signal, and enabling a first lead screw 2-5 to rotate through a first coupler 2-3 so as to enable a lead screw nut 2-6 to drive a lifting structure connecting plate 2-7 to move forwards and leave from a second limit switch 2-9; the screw rod nut 2-6 moves forwards to enable the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part 3-1 to move forwards through the lifting structure connecting plate 2-7; the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part 3-1 moves forwards to enable the lifting mechanism 3 to move forwards; the lifting mechanism 3 moves forwards to enable the measuring mechanism 4 to move forwards through the two measuring structure connecting plates 3-23; when the lifting structure connecting plate 2-7 touches the second limit switch 2-9, the second limit switch 2-9 sends a signal to the PLC control system to enable the first servo motor 2-2 to stop rotating; thereby stopping the movement of the measuring means 4; after the measuring mechanism 4 stops moving, the PLC control system sends a signal to enable the two second servo motors 3-4 on the two sides to rotate, the second servo motors 3-4 rotate to enable the second lead screws 3-11 to rotate through the second couplers 3-5, and therefore the lead screw nuts and the nut seats 3-16 move downwards; the feed screw nut and the nut seat 3-16 move downwards, so that the lifting moving structural part 3-2 drives the measuring mechanism 4 to move downwards, and the first limit block 3-18 leaves the third limit switch 3-15. When the first limit blocks 3-18 on the two sides respectively touch the third limit switches 3-15, the two third limit switches 3-15 respectively send signals to the PLC control system to respectively stop the second servo motor 3-4 from rotating, and the measuring mechanism 4 stops moving downwards. The PLC control system sends a signal to enable the first servo motor 2-2 to rotate so as to enable the measuring mechanism 4 to continue to move previously, the track horizontal plane stop blocks 4-33 arranged on the supporting frames 4-31 lean against the side faces of the marble scaleplates 1-13, and when the torsion of the first servo motor 2-2 reaches a set value, the PLC control system sends a signal to enable the first servo motor 2-2 to stop. At the moment, the PLC control system sends out signals to enable the two second servo motors 3-4 to rotate so that the measuring mechanism 4 continues to move downwards. When the track vertical plane pressing blocks 4-33 arranged on the two support frames 4-31 respectively lean against the upper surfaces of the marble scaleplates 1-13, the measuring mechanism 4 stops moving downwards. The two second servo motors 3-4 continue to rotate to enable the upper cylindrical sliding blocks of the feed screw nuts and the nut seats 3-16 to slide downwards in the sliding grooves of the moving structural parts 3-17; when the side surfaces of the two rod nuts and the nut seats 3-16 respectively touch the two third limit switches 3-15 arranged on the slide rail mounting blocks 3-12, the two third limit switches 3-15 respectively send signals to the PLC control system to respectively stop the two second servo motors 3-4 from rotating. The PLC control system sends a signal to enable the side face of the aluminum alloy section bar 4-1 to move downwards through a side face moving part of a moving sliding table 4-10 installed on a sliding block of the sliding rail, and meanwhile, the laser sensor 4-28 moves downwards through a connecting strip 4-11 of the moving sliding table; the side surface moving part of the moving sliding table 4-10 moves in place and then gives a signal PLC; the PLC control system sends a signal to enable the third servo motor 4-5 to rotate so as to enable the first synchronous wheel 4-16 to rotate; the second synchronous wheel 4-20 is rotated through the first synchronous belt 4-17, and the other three second synchronous wheels 4-20 arranged on the synchronous wheel mounting long shaft 4-18 are simultaneously rotated; three second synchronous belts 4-21 arranged between a second synchronous wheel 4-20 and a synchronous idle wheel 4-23 respectively enable a moving sliding table mounting plate 4-9, a sliding block mounting plate 4-12 and a first laser sensor mounting plate 4-26 to slide on a third linear sliding rail 4-7 and a fourth linear sliding rail 4-24 through a third sliding block 4-8 and a fourth sliding block 4-25 through connecting clamps; therefore, the three laser sensors 4-28 synchronously move forwards, limit laser scanning is respectively carried out on the marble tread and the two side surfaces in the moving process of the three laser sensors 4-28, and scanning data are fed back to the control mechanism 5; after the scanning is finished, the PLC control system sends a signal to enable the servo motor 4-5 to rotate reversely, so that the three laser sensors 4-28 move back to the original positions. At this time, the PLC control system sends signals to enable the movable sliding tables 4-10, the measuring mechanism 4, the lifting mechanism 3 and the moving mechanism 2 to be restored to the original positions in sequence. The device is now in a state to be tested.

When the first measurement or the calibration period is reached, the measuring mechanism automatically reaches the marble flat plate to be calibrated under the control of the computer and the PLC.

When the head of the steel rail reaches the photoelectric sensor 5-5 of the length measuring part, the photoelectric sensor 5-5 gives a signal, the PLC control system sends the signal to the track production unit to slow down the moving speed of the steel rail, the bottom surface of the steel rail contacts with the roller 5-10, the roller 5-10 rotates to enable the roller 5-11 of the code deviator to rotate, so that the shaft of the code deviator 5-12 rotates, and the code deviator 5-12 starts to count; when the deviation device 5-12 gives a signal that the track head reaches the set distance, the PLC control system sends a signal to the track production unit to stop moving the steel rail. The PLC control system sends out a signal, and the servo motor 2-2 rotates to enable the lifting mechanism 3 to move forwards; the lifting mechanism 3 moves forwards to enable the measuring mechanism 4 to move forwards through the two measuring structure connecting plates 3-23; when the connecting plate 2-7 of the lifting structure touches the first limit switch 2-8, the first limit switch 2-8 sends a signal to the PLC control system to enable the measuring equipment to repeat the previous measuring steps, and when only different measuring substrates exist, the connecting plate 2-7 moves forwards and leaves the second limit switch 2-9 to touch the second limit switch 2-9. When the steel rail is measured, the connecting plate 2-7 moves forwards, leaves the second limit switch 2-9 and contacts the first limit switch 2-8. The two rail horizontal plane stoppers 4-33 lean against the side of the steel rail; the vertical plane pressing blocks 4-33 are respectively leaned against the upper surface of the steel rail. In addition, the steel rail can be inclined below the measuring structure 4, when two rail horizontal plane stoppers 4-33 lean against the side surface of the steel rail, one horizontal plane stopper 4-33 leans against the upper side, and the other horizontal plane stopper 4-33 does not lean against the upper side, at this time, two sets of arc sliding blocks 3-21 and arc sliding rails 3-22 work to enable the measuring structure 4 to swing to enable the two rail horizontal plane stoppers 4-33 to lean against the side surface of the steel rail.

When the three laser sensors 4-28 move, the limit laser scanning is respectively carried out on the tread and the two side surfaces of the head of the steel rail, and scanning data are fed back to the control mechanism 5; after the scanning is finished, the PLC control system sends a signal to enable the third servo motor 4-5 to rotate reversely, so that the three laser sensors 4-28 move back to the original positions. At this time, the PLC control system sends signals to enable the movable sliding table (4-10), the measuring mechanism 4, the lifting mechanism 3 and the moving mechanism 2 to be restored to the original positions in sequence.

The PLC control system sends a signal to the rail of the rail production unit to move forwards, when the tail of the rail leaves the photoelectric sensor 5-5 of the length measuring component, the photoelectric sensor 5-5 sends a signal, and when the deviator 5-12 sends a signal to the PLC control system when the tail of the rail reaches a set distance, the PLC control system sends a signal to the rail of the rail production unit to stop moving. At the moment, the steps are repeated, the PLC control system sends signals to enable the movable sliding table (4-10), the measuring mechanism 4, the lifting mechanism 3 and the moving mechanism 2 to be restored to the original positions in sequence after the straightness of the tail part of the steel rail is measured. At this time, the device is in a state to be detected to wait for the next measurement.

The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the utility model as claimed. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. Straightness measuring apparatu, its characterized in that: the device comprises a box body structure (1), a moving mechanism (2), a lifting mechanism (3), a measuring mechanism (4), a length measuring component, a control mechanism and a data processing mechanism; the box body structure (1) comprises a machine body strut structural part (1-1) and a machine body frame structural part (1-2); the four machine body strut structural parts (1-1) are arranged at the bottom of the machine body frame structural part (1-2); the machine body frame structural part (1-2) is provided with an upper panel (1-3), side panels (1-4), a front panel (1-5), a control panel (1-6), a three-color display lamp (1-10) and four hoisting rings (1-11), the bottom of the machine body frame structural part (1-2) is provided with a marble scale bracket structural part (1-12), a cross beam in the machine body frame structural part (1-2) is provided with a bearing seat mounting plate (2-1) and three linear slide rail mounting plates (2-10), and the bearing seat mounting plate (2-1) is positioned above the linear slide rail mounting plates (2-10); the surface of the control panel (1-6) is provided with a power switch (1-7), a display screen (1-8) and a key knob (1-9); the side walls of the marble scale support structural parts (1-12) are provided with marble scales (1-13).

2. The flatness measuring instrument of claim 1, wherein: the moving mechanism (2) comprises a bearing seat mounting plate (2-1); a first servo motor (2-2) is mounted at the bottom of the bearing seat mounting plate (2-1) through a motor base; the bottom of the bearing seat mounting plate (2-1) is also provided with two first bearing fixing seats (2-4); the front surface of the bearing seat mounting plate (2-1) is arranged on the back surface of a middle cross beam in the machine body frame structural part (1-2); two side surfaces of the bearing seat mounting plate (2-1) are respectively provided with three first limit switches (2-8) and a second limit switch (2-9); a first screw rod (2-5) is arranged between the two first bearing fixing seats (2-4); the screw rod nut (2-6) is matched with the first screw rod (2-5); a lifting structure connecting plate (2-7) is arranged on the screw rod nut (2-6); the screw rod nut (2-6) is connected with the side surface of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part (3-1) through a lifting structure connecting plate (2-7); three first linear sliding rails (2-11) are respectively arranged on the three linear sliding rail mounting plates (2-10); the three first linear sliding rails (2-11) are respectively matched with the three first sliding blocks (2-12) for installation; the first servo motor (2-2) is installed in a matching mode through the first coupler (2-3) and the first screw rod (2-5).

3. The flatness gauge of claim 2, wherein: the lifting mechanism (3) comprises a lifting moving mechanism connecting structural part (3-1); lifting moving structural members (3-2) are mounted on two sides of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural member (3-1), a lifting structure connecting plate (2-7) is mounted on the side face of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural member (3-1) at the middle position, and three first sliding blocks (2-12) are mounted on the bottom face of the lifting moving mechanism connecting structural member (3-1) respectively; a first speed reducer (3-3), two second bearing fixing seats (3-10) and two sliding rail mounting blocks (3-12) are mounted on the lifting moving structural part (3-2), two third limit switches (3-15) are mounted on the side surface of the lifting moving structural part (3-2), and a glue-moving locking structure (3-7) is further mounted on the side surface of the lifting moving structural part (3-2); a second servo motor (3-4) is arranged behind the first speed reducer (3-3), and a second coupler (3-5) is arranged in front of the first speed reducer (3-3); the second coupler (3-5) is connected with a second lead screw (3-11), the second lead screw (3-11) is installed between two second bearing fixing seats (3-10), and one end of the second lead screw (3-11) is provided with a first conical gear (3-6); a second-order bevel gear (3-9) is installed at the front end of the rubber locking structure (3-7), and a rotating handle (3-8) is installed at the rear end of the rubber locking structure; the first conical gear (3-6) and the second conical gear (3-9) are tightly matched and mounted; a second linear slide rail (3-13) is arranged on the two slide rail mounting blocks (3-12), and a third limit switch (3-15) is also arranged on one slide rail mounting block (3-12); the second linear sliding rail (3-13) and the second sliding block (3-14) are installed in a matched mode; the two second sliding blocks (3-14) are arranged on the back of the movable structural part (3-17); the back of the sliding groove of the movable structural part (3-17) is also provided with a feed screw nut and a nut seat (3-16) in a matching way; a first limit block (3-18) is mounted on the side surface of the sliding groove of the movable structural part (3-17); the movable structural parts (3-17) are connected with the arc slider mounting structural parts (3-20) through connecting shafts (3-19), and the arc slider mounting structural parts (3-20) can rotate through the connecting shafts (3-19); the arc sliding block (3-21) is arranged on the back of the arc sliding block mounting structural part (3-20); the arc sliding blocks (3-21) and the arc sliding rails (3-22) are installed in a matched mode; the arc slide rails (3-22) are arranged on the measuring structure connecting plates (3-23); two measuring structure connecting plates (3-23) are arranged on the front surface of the aluminum alloy section (4-1) on the measuring mechanism (4).

4. The flatness gauge of claim 3, wherein: the measuring mechanism (4) comprises an aluminum alloy section bar (4-1) and a movable sliding table mounting plate (4-9); two side mounting plates (4-2) are mounted at two ends of the aluminum alloy section (4-1), a speed reducer mounting seat (4-3) and two fourth limit switches (4-6) are mounted on the aluminum alloy section (4-1), and two measuring structure connecting plates (3-23) are further mounted on the aluminum alloy section (4-1); four No. three linear sliding rails (4-7) are mounted on two sliding grooves on two side surfaces of the aluminum alloy section (4-1); the back of the aluminum alloy section (4-1) is provided with a fourth linear slide rail (4-24), four sets of aluminum alloy section supporting structural members (4-29) and two sets of supporting frames (4-31); one side of one mounting plate (4-2) close to the speed reducer mounting seat (4-3) is provided with three sets of synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft mounting seats (4-19); three sets of synchronous idler wheel mounting seats (4-22) are arranged on the other side mounting plate (4-2); two first zipper boxes (4-14) are arranged between the two side mounting plates (4-2), and a second zipper box (4-30) is arranged at a square hole in the middle of the two side mounting plates (4-2); a movable sliding table (4-10) is arranged on the movable sliding table mounting plate (4-9), and two third sliding blocks (4-8) are arranged on the back surface of the movable sliding table mounting plate (4-9); the two third sliding blocks (4-8) and the two third linear sliding rails (4-7) are installed in a matching mode; the side face moving part of the moving sliding table (4-10) is connected with a second laser sensor mounting plate (4-27) through a moving sliding table connecting strip (4-11); the second laser sensor mounting plate (4-27) is provided with a laser sensor (4-28); two third sliding blocks (4-8) are arranged on the back of the sliding block mounting plate (4-12); two third sliding blocks (4-8) and two third linear sliding rails (4-7) are installed in a matching way; a first laser sensor mounting plate (4-26) is mounted at the long arm end of the slide block mounting plate (4-12); a second limit block (4-13) is arranged at the top of the sliding block mounting plate (4-12); the second laser sensor mounting plate (4-27) is provided with a laser sensor (4-28); a fourth sliding block (4-25) is arranged on the back surface of the first laser sensor mounting plate (4-26), and a laser sensor (4-28) is arranged on the vertical surface of the first laser sensor mounting plate (4-26); the fourth sliding block (4-25) and the fourth linear sliding rail (4-24) are installed in a matching way; the inner walls of the bearings of the three sets of synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft mounting seats (4-19) are provided with synchronizing wheel mounting long shafts (4-18); four second synchronizing wheels (4-20) are fixedly arranged on the synchronizing wheel mounting long shaft (4-18); three sets of synchronous idler mounting seats (4-22) are respectively provided with three sets of synchronous idlers (4-23); wherein, three sets of second synchronous wheels (4-20) and three sets of synchronous idle wheels (4-23) are respectively installed by three second synchronous belts (4-21) in a matching way; a second speed reducer (4-4) is arranged on the speed reducer mounting seat (4-3); a third servo motor (4-5) is arranged behind the second speed reducer (4-4); a first synchronizing wheel (4-16) is arranged on the front shaft of the second speed reducer (4-4); the first synchronous wheel (4-16) and the second synchronous wheel (4-20) are installed in a matching way through a first synchronous belt (4-17); the three second synchronous belts (4-21) are respectively connected with the movable sliding table mounting plate (4-9), the sliding block mounting plate (4-12) and the first laser sensor mounting plate (4-26) through connecting cards; three drag chains (4-15) are respectively arranged in the first drag chain box (4-14) and the second drag chain box (4-30); the three drag chains (4-15) are respectively connected with the movable sliding table mounting plate (4-9), the sliding block mounting plate (4-12) and the first laser sensor mounting plate (4-26) through connecting strips; the two support frames (4-31) are respectively provided with a track vertical plane press block (4-32) and a track horizontal plane stop block (4-33).

5. The flatness gauge of claim 4, wherein: the length measuring component comprises a length measuring component body structural part (5-1); a damping cylinder (5-2), a first fixed shaft (5-3), a second fixed shaft (5-4) and a photoelectric sensor (5-5) are arranged on the length measuring part body structural part (5-1); the inner walls of the bearing seats at the rear ends of the two first bearing supporting arms (5-6) and the two first bearing supporting arms (5-6) are arranged at the two ends of the second fixed shaft (5-4); two ends of a third fixed shaft (5-7) are arranged in front end shaft holes of the two first bearing supporting arms (5-6); the middle of the third fixed shaft (5-7) is matched and connected with the inner wall of the middle bearing of the roller (5-10), so that the roller (5-10) rotates by taking the third fixed shaft (5-7) as the center; the inner walls of the bearing seats at the rear ends of the two second bearing supporting arms (5-8) are arranged at the two ends of the first fixed shaft (5-3); the inner bearing walls of the front end bearing seats of the two second bearing supporting arms (5-8) are arranged at the two ends of the fourth fixed shaft (5-9); the fourth fixed shaft (5-9) is fixedly matched with a middle shaft hole of the eccentric device roller (5-11); the eccentric device rollers (5-11) rotate to enable the fourth fixed shaft (5-9) to rotate in the front end bearing seat bearings of the two second bearing supporting arms (5-8); one end of the fourth fixed shaft (5-9) is connected with the shaft of the offset device (5-12) in a matching way through a coupler; the dust baffles (5-13) are arranged on the two second bearing supporting arms (5-8).

6. The flatness gauge of claim 5, wherein: the control mechanism is composed of a PLC control system and comprises various parts execution, analog quantity input and man-machine communication which take the PLC as a center.

7. The flatness gauge of claim 6, wherein: the data processing mechanism consists of a MYSQL database and is used for data storage.