CN215960466U - Anchoring structure and prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an anchoring structure for anchoring a target tissue and a prosthesis. The anchoring structure comprises a conformal rim and at least two anchoring claws. The conformal rim comprises a plurality of conformal units and is sequentially connected to enclose an integral closed figure, and at least one conformal piece is shared by every two adjacent conformal units, so that each conformal unit comprises at least two conformal pieces with intervals in the circumferential direction. The at least two anchoring claws are respectively connected with the at least two shape-preserving units, each anchoring claw comprises a first curve part serving as a free end and a second curve part connected with the shape-preserving units, the first curve part and the second curve part are in smooth transition connection, the opening direction of the first curve part is deviated from the shape-preserving units, and the opening direction of the first curve part is opposite to that of the second curve part. The anchoring structure has an automatic adjusting function, can be tightly attached to a target tissue in the contraction or expansion process of the target tissue, and achieves full attachment of the prosthesis and the target tissue and stable anchoring of the prosthesis.

Description

Anchoring structure and prosthesis

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an anchoring structure and a prosthesis.

Background

The human heart has four cavities, namely a left atrium, a left ventricle, a right atrium and a right ventricle. The left atrium and the right atrium and the left ventricle are separated by intervals and are not communicated with each other, and valves (atrioventricular valves) are arranged between the atria and the ventricles, so that blood can only flow into the ventricles from the atria but can not flow backwards.

The Mitral Valve (Mitral Valve) refers to the left atrioventricular Valve, also known as the Mitral Valve, which is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle and which ensures a unidirectional flow and a certain flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle by opening and closing naturally. Since the left ventricle performs the function of systemic blood transport, the muscular layer of the left ventricle is developed compared to that of the right ventricle, and is about three times the wall thickness of the right ventricle. Thus, the morphology of the left ventricle can change dramatically during the beating of the heart. The mitral valve is the most stressed valve of the body because it needs to ensure closure when the left ventricle contracts. The mitral valve size and morphology also change significantly with the beating of the left ventricle. The pathological changes of the mitral valve have important influences on the heart function and the hemodynamics, and can seriously affect the human health and the life quality.

In recent years, transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVI) has been increasingly used in the treatment of mitral valve pathologies. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement refers to the use of transcatheter mitral valve systems, in which a mitral valve prosthesis is compressed in vitro and loaded into a delivery system, and delivered to the native mitral valve for replacement of the diseased mitral valve to work by catheter intervention along the vascular path or transapically, and normal physiological function is restored.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an anchoring structure for anchoring a target tissue. The anchoring structure comprises a conformal rim and at least two anchoring claws. The conformal rim includes a plurality of conformal units. A plurality of conformal units are sequentially connected to enclose an overall closed pattern. At least one shape-retaining member is shared by every two adjacent shape-retaining units, so that each shape-retaining unit comprises at least two shape-retaining members having a spacing in the circumferential direction of the closed figure. At least two anchoring claws are connected with at least two conformal units respectively. The anchoring claw comprises a first curved portion configured as a free end and a second curved portion connected with a corresponding conformal unit, the first curved portion and the second curved portion being in smooth transition connection. The opening direction of the first curve part is opposite to the shape-preserving unit and the opening direction of the first curve part is opposite to the opening direction of the second curve part.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an anchoring structure in which the first curved portion of each anchoring claw is located between two shape-retaining members of the corresponding shape-retaining unit in the circumferential direction of the anchoring structure.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, an anchoring structure is provided in which the anchoring claw and/or the conformal unit includes a medical memory alloy material.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, an anchoring structure is provided in which the anchoring claws are S-shaped.

For example, in an anchoring structure provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the first curved portion of the anchoring claw is located on both sides of a plane on which at least two shape-preserving members of the corresponding shape-preserving unit are located; or the first curve part of the anchoring claw is tangent to the plane of at least two shape-preserving pieces of the corresponding shape-preserving unit and the anchoring claw is positioned at one side of the corresponding shape-preserving unit.

For example, at least one embodiment of the utility model provides an anchoring structure in which the conformal units are axisymmetric with respect to the corresponding anchoring claws.

For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides an anchoring structure wherein the conformal unit further comprises: and at least two connecting pieces configured to connect the at least two shape-retaining pieces and form a closed graphic unit by being matched with the at least two shape-retaining pieces.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, an anchoring structure is provided in which each conformal unit is connected to one anchoring claw, and each conformal unit is a hexagonal conformal unit. The hexagonal shape-preserving unit is formed by four connecting pieces and two shape-preserving pieces, the four connecting pieces comprise a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece which are close to the second curve part and are connected with each other, and a third connecting piece and a fourth connecting piece which are far away from the second curve part and are connected with each other, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively connected with one ends, close to the second curve part, of the two corresponding shape-preserving pieces, and the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively connected with one ends, far away from the second curve part, of the two corresponding shape-preserving pieces.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the utility model, there is provided an anchoring arrangement wherein the connection point of the second curved portion on the corresponding conformal unit is the connection point of the first connector and the second connector.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, an anchoring structure is provided in which the conformal rim and the plurality of anchoring claws are integrally formed.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an anchoring structure in which the closed figure includes any one of: o-shaped, D-shaped, oval, polygonal.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, an anchoring structure is provided in which the anchoring claws and the conformal rim are configured to apply opposing forces to clamp at least a portion of the target tissue.

For example, in one anchoring structure provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the conformal rim is a grid structure including two or three conformal cells in a radial direction along the closed figure.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an anchoring structure in which the first curved portion of the anchoring claw includes a first circular arc, and a straight line along a radial direction of the first circular arc and parallel to the central axis of the closed figure is a first straight line, the first circular arc extending to both sides of the first straight line.

For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides an anchoring structure in which the curvature of the first curved portion is greater than the curvature of the second curved portion.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an anchoring structure, wherein the anchoring structure includes a plurality of anchoring claws, the number of which is equal to the number of the conformal units, and the plurality of anchoring claws are respectively connected with the corresponding conformal units and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the closed figure.

At least one embodiment of the utility model also provides a valve prosthesis comprising an anchoring structure as in any one of the above, and a valve body connected to the anchoring structure. The valve body includes a valve frame and a leaflet prosthesis secured to the valve frame, wherein the valve frame is attached to the conformal edge of the anchoring structure proximate an end of the second curved portion.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of at least one embodiment of the utility model at least comprise: in the anchoring structure, the hyperbolic curve structure with the opposite opening directions of the anchoring claws provides stable clamping force, so that the implanted prosthesis can be fully attached to target tissues, and the prosthesis is stably anchored. And the design has an automatic adjusting function, can keep close fit with the target tissue in the contraction or expansion process of the target tissue, and adapts to the complex structural change in the motion process of the target tissue.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a prosthesis implanted in a human body according to some embodiments of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic structural view of a prosthesis provided in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention after implantation;

FIG. 3 is an elevation view of an anchoring structure provided by some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of an anchoring structure provided by some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of an anchoring claw and conformal unit provided in accordance with some embodiments of the utility model;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a conformal unit provided by some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of a conformal unit provided by some embodiments of the present invention;

FIGS. 8A-8C are schematic views of an anchoring structure having two conformal units in a radial direction according to some embodiments of the present invention; and

FIGS. 9A-9B are partial schematic views of an anchoring structure having 1.5 conformal units in the radial direction according to some embodiments of the utility model.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The use of "first," "second," and similar language in the embodiments of the present invention does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms "first," "second," and similar language are used to distinguish one element from another. The use of the terms "a" and "an" or "the" and similar referents do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. Likewise, the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Flow charts are used in the examples to illustrate the steps of the methods according to the examples. It should be understood that the preceding and following steps are not necessarily performed in the exact order in which they are performed. Rather, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Meanwhile, other operations may be added to the processes, or a certain step or steps may be removed from the processes.

The inventors of the present invention have found that products of some of the current technical solutions associated with transcatheter mitral valve replacement suffer from certain deficiencies due to the unique morphological changes of the myocardial tissue surrounding the mitral valve. For example, the anchoring structure of the implanted prosthesis only pockets native valve tissue, and the adaptability is poor, so that the implanted prosthesis cannot be sufficiently fitted with the native mitral valve, and the anchoring is unstable. Moreover, the anchoring structure does not have the capability of autonomous adjustment, so that a gap is easily formed between the native mitral valve and an implanted prosthesis in the contraction or expansion process, paravalvular leakage is formed, the complex structural change in the motion process of the mitral valve is not adapted, and the fitting cannot be well realized. Furthermore, not only for the mitral valve, prostheses of the prior art adapted for treatment of lesions of other heart valves (e.g. aortic, tricuspid, pulmonary) also face the same technical problems.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an anchoring structure for anchoring a target tissue. The anchoring structure includes a conformal rim and at least two anchoring claws. The conformal rim includes a plurality of conformal units that are sequentially connected to enclose an overall closed figure. At least one shape-retaining member is shared by every two adjacent shape-retaining units, so that each shape-retaining unit comprises at least two shape-retaining members having a spacing in the circumferential direction of the closed figure. At least two anchoring claws are connected with at least two conformal units respectively. The anchoring claw comprises a first curved portion configured as a free end and a second curved portion connected with a corresponding conformal unit, the first curved portion and the second curved portion being in smooth transition connection. The opening direction of the first curve part is opposite to the shape-preserving unit and the opening direction of the first curve part is opposite to the opening direction of the second curve part.

At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a prosthesis including the above-described anchoring structure.

In the anchoring structure of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, the hyperbolic structure with the opposite opening directions of the anchoring claws can provide stable supporting force, and it is possible to achieve sufficient fitting of the implanted prosthesis to target tissue (e.g., native valve tissue), for example, native valve tissue including native mitral valve. The anchoring structure has an automatic adjusting function, can keep close fit with a target tissue in the contraction or expansion process of the target tissue, and adapts to complex structural changes in the motion process of the target tissue.

Embodiments of the present invention and examples thereof are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

For clarity and brevity of the present disclosure, the following description mainly takes the target tissue as a native mitral valve as an example, but the present disclosure is not limited to the type of the target tissue, that is, the present disclosure may also be applied to the treatment of other heart valves or other human tissue lesions, for example, the target tissue may also be a native aortic valve, a native tricuspid valve, or a native pulmonary valve, and the present disclosure is not limited to or described in detail herein.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a prosthesis implanted in a human body according to some embodiments of the utility model. Fig. 2 is a partial structural view of a prosthesis after implantation according to some embodiments of the present invention.

For convenience, the left atrium 300 and the left ventricle 200 of fig. 1 are illustrated as being above and below, respectively, in the embodiments of the present invention, and the upper and lower directions of the present invention are relative positions, which is not intended to limit the present invention. Also, embodiments of the present invention refer to the side near the central axis of the valve body 120 as the inner side and the side away from the central axis of the valve body 120 as the outer side.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the native mitral valve includes a native mitral valve annulus (not shown) and native mitral valve leaflets 400, the native mitral valve annulus being the myocardial tissue where the native mitral valve leaflets 400 join the walls of the left atrium 300 and left ventricle 200.

For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, prosthesis 100 includes an anchor structure 110 and a valve body 120, with valve body 120 fixedly connected to anchor structure 110. The prosthesis 100 is delivered to the diseased native mitral valve between the left atrium 300 and the left ventricle 200 via a delivery device (e.g., a delivery catheter), anchoring the implanted prosthesis 100 by the anchoring structures 110 of the prosthesis 100 such that the prosthesis 100 is anchored on the heart tissue in place of the function of the diseased native mitral valve.

For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the anchoring structure 110 of the prosthesis 100 includes a conformal rim 111 and a plurality of anchoring claws 112. The plurality of conformal units of the conformal rim 111 enclose a circle to form a closed figure and are configured to abut cardiac tissue in the vicinity of the native mitral valve (e.g., abut the atrial wall 310 above the native mitral valve and adjacent to a side of the ventricular wall 210). In some examples, the conformal rim 111 has some deformability such that the closed figure it forms fits the shape change of the native mitral annulus. Anchoring claws 112 are configured to receive the grasping of native mitral valve leaflets 400, in cooperation with conformal rim 111, to effect anchoring of implanted prosthesis 100.

As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, at least a portion of the native mitral valve leaflet 400 is received between the anchoring claw 112 and the conforming rim 110, the anchoring claw 112 and the conforming rim 110 configured to apply opposing forces to clamp the native mitral valve leaflet 400. The native mitral valve leaflets 400 are sheets of tissue. For example, in the circumferential direction, a small portion of the native mitral valve leaflet 400 is clamped by the plurality of anchoring claws 112 and the conformal pieces 710 arranged at intervals. The native mitral valve leaflets 400 can thereby be clamped by the originally nearly flat or curved sheet-like structure to form a circumferentially undulating structure. Thus, a portion of the native mitral valve leaflet 400 is accommodated between the anchoring claws 112 and the conformal rim 110, i.e., the anchoring claws 112 and the conformal rim 111 are substantially located on both the inside and outside of the native mitral valve leaflet 400, respectively. This will be described in further detail below.

Fig. 3 is an elevation view of an anchoring structure provided in some embodiments of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a plan view of an anchoring structure provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

For example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the valve body 120 is fixedly attached to the lower end of the conformal rim 111 of the anchoring structure 110. For example, the valve body 120 is generally cylindrical, and the valve body 120 includes a leaflet prosthesis (not shown) and a valve frame for supporting the leaflet prosthesis. The leaflet prosthesis is generally a biological tissue, such as a specially treated bovine or porcine pericardium, to mimic the shape of a healthy valve, which may also be made of a textile instead of a biological tissue. The valve body 120 of the prosthesis 100 is implanted in the human body, for example, to operate in place of the native mitral valve.

For example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, conformal rim 111 includes a plurality of conformal units 700, which conformal units 700 are sequentially connected along a direction, e.g., circumferentially, to enclose an overall closed pattern. Every two adjacent conformal units 700 of the plurality of conformal units 700 in the circumferential direction of the closed figure share at least one conformal piece 710. For example, adjacent conformal units 700 in the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 share a retainer. Each conformal unit 700 includes at least two conformal pieces 710 with a spacing in the circumferential direction. For example, each conformal unit in the embodiment of fig. 3 and 4 includes two conformal pieces. For ease of reading and understanding, in the example of fig. 3, C1 is directed to express the circumferential direction of the closed figure and R1 is directed to express a radial direction of the closed figure.

The anchoring structure formed by the shape-preserving units 700 of the present invention enclosed in a circle end to end is a three-dimensional structure, and thus, the closed figure of the present invention is intended to indicate that the three-dimensional structure enclosed by the shape-preserving units 700 has a closed figure in outline. The circumferential direction of the closed figure of the present invention is primarily the direction of the path taken by the plurality of conformal units 700 when they are connected end-to-end to form a circle. The circumferential direction is not limited to the circumferential direction of the conventional narrow concept. The closed figure may be symmetrical or asymmetrical, either regular or irregular, as long as it matches the native valve tissue, and the utility model is not limited in this respect.

For example, the closed figure enclosed by the plurality of conformal units 700 may be O-shaped, D-shaped, polygonal, or elliptical. Therefore, the clamping force of the anchoring structure to the native mitral valve leaflets is balanced, and the stability of the anchoring structure is good. Of course, this is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the utility model. The radial direction of the closed figure of the present invention refers to a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the closed figure and along a surface of the plurality of conformal units, and is not limited to the radial direction of the conventional narrow concept.

In some examples, some or all of the plurality of conformal units 700 may be structurally identical.

In some examples, more than two conformal units 700 may also be used in common for each adjacent two conformal units. For example, two conformal units 700 share two conformal members per adjacent. In this example, one conformal unit 700 is a convex polygon and the other conformal unit 700 is a concave polygon. The shape-retaining elements of the two shape-retaining elements share two edges, i.e. two shape-retaining elements. This is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the present invention, as long as each two adjacent conformal units 700 share at least a part of a structural member capable of providing a certain support, and the present invention does not limit the shape of the conformal member, for example, the conformal member may include a straight rod, and may also include a non-straight rod structure, such as rod members with different shapes like curved shape, wavy shape, folded line shape, etc., which are not exhaustive and described herein. Similarly, the shape-retaining members included in each shape-retaining unit 700 in the circumferential direction are not limited to two shape-retaining members as shown in the figure, and may be three or more shape-retaining members, as long as the shape-retaining members can ensure that the leaflets of the sheet-shaped structure are clamped to form a wave-shaped structure along the circumferential direction, and the description is omitted here.

For example, as shown in fig. 3, the anchoring claw 112 includes a first curved portion 800 and a second curved portion 900. The first curved portion 800 is configured as a free end, i.e., one end thereof is not connected to any structure. Second curve portions 900 are connected to corresponding conformal units 700. The first curve portion 800 and the second curve portion 900 are smoothly transitionally connected. The opening direction of first curved portion 800 is directed away from conformal unit 700 and the opening direction of second curved portion 900 is directed towards conformal unit 700, whereby the opening direction of first curved portion 800 is opposite to the opening direction of second curved portion 900, i.e. the bending directions of the two curved portions are opposite.

The anchoring claw 112 of the above-described embodiment of the present invention has the first curved portion 800 and the second curved portion 900 having opposite bending directions. The anchoring structure 110 having the hyperbolic anchoring grip 112 has the ability to adjust autonomously, accommodating morphological changes in native valve tissue (e.g., native mitral valve) and atria. During systole and diastole, the anchoring structure 110 is beneficial to ensure the full fit of the prosthesis 100 and the native mitral valve leaflet 400 and the anchoring stability of the prosthesis 100, and can adapt to the complex structural changes during the motion of the native mitral valve.

Specifically, in the prior art, when the heart contracts and relaxes, the contraction and relaxation of the native mitral valve annulus may cause unstable anchoring of the prosthesis, cause slippage or displacement of the prosthesis, and cause a large gap between the prosthesis and the native mitral valve annulus, which is easy to cause paravalvular leakage and is extremely harmful. In contrast, in some examples of the utility model, during systole, i.e., ventricular systole, the native mitral valve annulus contracts and the ventricular wall 210 thickens, and at least a portion of the ventricular wall 210, e.g., a portion of the ventricular wall 210 on the side closer to the atrial wall 310, applies an inward force, e.g., a force perpendicular to the outer circumference of the first curved portion 800, to the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claws 112, resulting in a force component in the central direction of the valve body 120 that urges the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claws 112 inward, significantly increasing the gripping force of the anchoring structure 110, which may continue to maintain contact between the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claws 112 and the native mitral valve leaflet 400, such that the anchoring claws 112 engage with the native mitral valve leaflet 400 sufficiently and grip the native valve leaflet 400 well with two adjacent conformal elements, thereby achieving a sufficient fit of the native mitral valve leaflet 400 and the prosthesis 100 and anchoring stability of the prosthesis 100. At diastole, i.e. ventricular diastole, the native mitral valve annulus expands, and the native mitral valve annulus applies an outward force to the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claw 112, i.e. the native mitral valve annulus pushes the anchoring claw 112 outward, but at this time, the adjustable function of the anchoring claw 112 due to its structure can still provide a reliable clamping force, so that the anchoring claw 112 is fully fitted with the native mitral valve leaflet 400 and still well clamps the native mitral valve leaflet 400. Thus, the native mitral valve leaflet 400 and the prosthesis can still be sufficiently fitted, and anchoring stability of the prosthesis 100 is achieved.

Fig. 5 is a partial perspective view of an anchoring claw and a conformal unit according to some embodiments of the utility model, more clearly illustrating the mating relationship of the anchoring claw and the conformal unit.

For example, in the diastole, i.e. the ventricular diastole, the native annulus tends to expand as a whole, and although the native mitral annulus pushes the anchoring claws 112 outward at this time, the anchoring claws 112 of the present invention can provide a reliable clamping force with an adjustable function due to their own structure. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the free end of the first curvilinear portion 800 of the anchoring jaw 112 serves as a site for a force to interact with the native mitral annulus; one end of second curved portion 900 is connected to conformal rim 111, for example at a connection point designated as P1. The free end of the anchoring claw 112 may serve as a force receiving portion. In addition, the anchoring claw 112 may be made of a shape memory material, and at a certain temperature (e.g., at body temperature), the anchoring claw 112 may have a tendency to deform reversely, and the specific principle can be described with reference to the following. Because the first curved portion 800 and the second curved portion 900 of the anchoring claw 112 have opposite opening directions, i.e., opposite bending directions, and the connection point P1 of the second curved portion 900 of the anchoring claw 112 has a certain distance to the force point of the free end, a moment arm of the moment applied to the valve leaflet by the anchoring claw is formed, so that the anchoring claw 112 can still maintain the prosthesis 100 to be sufficiently fitted with the native mitral valve leaflet 400 when the native mitral valve annulus is expanded, and anchoring stability of the prosthesis 100 is realized.

It should be noted that fig. 5-7 are partial schematic views of the shape-retaining units, respectively, and fig. 5 and 6 are schematic views of partial regions where one shape-retaining unit is not completely the same, for example, fig. 5 and 6 illustrate different sides of the shape-retaining member 710a connecting two ends and adjacent shape-retaining units, respectively, so that the schematic views at the positions of the lower portion of the shape-retaining rim 111 and the second curved portion 900 of the anchoring claw 112 in fig. 5 can be understood by combining the numerical marks in the drawings.

For example, the anchoring claw 112 may include, but is not limited to, a medical memory alloy material, such as nitinol, whereby the anchoring claw 112 generates a force at body temperature that tends to return to a pre-set shape that is intermediate between the extreme relaxed and extreme contracted configurations of the heart, i.e., opposite to both configurations, such that the anchoring claw 112 has a tendency to deform in the opposite direction, corresponding to a restoring force in the opposite direction, in any configuration of the heart, such that the anchoring claw 112 functions as an adjustable member to provide a reliable clamping force. For example, conformal unit 700 includes, but is not limited to, medical memory alloy materials, such as nitinol. This is merely exemplary and is not a limitation of the present invention.

In some examples, the anchoring claw 112 is an S-shaped structure or an S-like structure.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claw 112 is an arc at the upper end, and the second curved portion 900 of the anchoring claw 112 is an arc at the lower end, which arcs extend in opposite directions to cooperate with the retainer 710a to form an S-shaped like "snap clip" structure for holding, for example, the native mitral valve leaflet 400. Moreover, the anchoring claws 112 can effectively clamp native valve tissues with different thicknesses, realize stable anchoring of the prosthesis 100, prevent the prosthesis 100 from slipping or shifting, and form stronger clamping force during heart contraction. In addition, the arc-shaped configuration of the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claw 112 makes the free end of the anchoring claw 112 smoother, thereby avoiding damage to the native mitral valve and surrounding myocardial tissue.

In some examples, the arc of the upper end of the anchoring claw 112 of the S-shaped structure is smaller than the arc of the lower end. For example, the arc of the upper end of the anchoring claw 112 has a curvature larger than that of the lower end, which is advantageous in that the anchoring claw 112 provides a more reliable clamping force according to the lever principle.

For example, the arc length of the arc of the upper end of the anchoring claw 112 may be smaller than the arc length of the arc of the lower end, which is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the present invention.

In other examples, the anchoring claw 112 may also be an S-like structure in which the arcs of the upper end and the lower end are substantially consistent, or the anchoring claw 112 may also be an S-like structure in which the arc of the lower end is smaller than the arc of the upper end.

For example, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the native mitral valve leaflet 400 is a thin sheet of tissue, and thus the arc of the lower end of the anchoring claws 112 of the present invention is to some extent adapted to the native mitral valve leaflet 400, so that the arc provides a space to accommodate and grasp the native mitral valve leaflet 400, and allows the chordae tendineae 500 to connect the native mitral valve leaflet 400 and the papillary muscles 600.

In some examples, at least some of the conformal units 700 each have a corresponding anchoring claw 112. For example, as shown in fig. 3, the number of conformal units 700 is the same as the number of anchoring claws 112 and corresponds to one, i.e., a plurality of anchoring claws 112 are also arranged along the circumferential direction of the closed pattern, for example, uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the closed pattern. Multiple anchoring claws 112, one for one with the conformal unit 700, may achieve multiple points of anchoring along the circumference of the entire native mitral annulus. Furthermore, since the native mitral valve annulus may change its shape, e.g., transition between O-shape and D-shape, while the heart contracts and relaxes, i.e., while the native mitral valve annulus changes its circumference, the multi-point anchoring may ensure complete avoidance of paravalvular leakage during systole and diastole. This is merely exemplary and is not a limitation of the present invention.

In some examples, second curved portion 900 of anchoring claw 112 is fixedly connected with corresponding conformal unit 700. For example, the conformal rim 111 and the plurality of anchoring claws 121 may be integrally formed, such as by cutting, shaping, polishing, passivating, etc. the tube into the anchoring structure 110. Therefore, the anchoring structure has good stability, short manufacturing process flow, high manufacturing efficiency and high manufacturing precision. For another example, the conformal edge 111 and the plurality of anchoring claws 112 are respectively formed by cutting, shaping, polishing, passivating, etc. the tube is welded to form the anchoring structure 110. Of course, this is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the utility model.

For example, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first curved portion 800 of each anchoring claw 112 is located between two shape-retaining members 710 of the corresponding shape-retaining unit 700 in the circumferential direction of the anchoring structure, i.e., the anchoring claws 112 and the shape-retaining members 710 of the shape-retaining unit 700 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.

Thus, in some embodiments of the present invention, the two shape-retaining members 710 with a certain supporting strength and the anchoring claw 112 between the two shape-retaining members 710 together form three supporting points, at least a portion of the native mitral valve leaflet accommodated between the anchoring claw 112 and the shape-retaining members 710 can be clamped by the original approximately flat sheet-shaped structure to form a wave-shaped structure along the circumferential direction, that is, the two shape-retaining members 710 and the anchoring claw 112 therebetween clamp the native mitral valve leaflet of the sheet-shaped structure together, so as to achieve a better sealing effect, avoid the formation of paravalvular leakage between the prosthesis 100 and the native valve annulus, and the native mitral valve can be directly stressed to achieve a tight clamping. Moreover, the wave-shaped clamping design improves the anchoring stability of the prosthesis, simultaneously reduces the damage to the clamped native valve tissue to the maximum extent, and reduces the occurrence of related complications.

For example, compared to some prior art solutions that employ a manner of directly and oppositely clamping the anchoring hooks and the valve frame, the above-described embodiment of the present invention has less damage to the clamped native valve tissue, and the directly and oppositely clamping of the prior art solutions may press and rub the clamped native valve tissue, which is prone to complications.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, a first curved portion 800 of an anchoring claw 112 may be located away from the plane of two circumferentially adjacent shape-preserving members 710 of a corresponding shape-preserving unit 700, with the entire anchoring claw 112 located on only one side of the corresponding shape-preserving unit 700. For convenience of description, this scheme is described as the case where the d1 value of the anchoring claw 112 in the initial state of no force is greater than 0, where the d1 value refers to the distance from the inner convex point Q1 of the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claw 112 to the plane where the two circumferentially adjacent conformal pieces 710 of the corresponding conformal unit 700 lie, and the inner convex point Q1 refers to the point on the first curved portion 800 that is closest to the plane where the two circumferentially adjacent conformal pieces 710 of the corresponding conformal unit 700 lie.

In addition, first curved portion 800 of anchoring claw 112 may also be tangent to the plane of two circumferentially adjacent conformal pieces 710 of the corresponding conformal unit 700, with anchoring claw 112 on one side of the corresponding conformal unit 700. For the sake of convenience, this scheme is described as the case where the value of d1 of the anchoring claw 112 in the initial state of no force is equal to 0, and the definition of the value of d1 is as described above, and is not repeated here.

In addition, first curved portion 800 of anchoring claw 112 may also be located on both sides of the plane of two circumferentially adjacent shape-retaining members 710 of the corresponding shape-retaining unit 700, i.e. a portion of first curved portion 800 passes inwardly through shape-retaining unit 700 and another portion of first curved portion 800 is located outside shape-retaining unit 700. For the sake of convenience, this scheme is described as the case where the d1 value of the anchoring claw 112 in the initial state of no force is smaller than 0, and the definition of the d1 value is as described above, and the definition is not repeated here.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the anchoring claws 112 of the anchoring structures 110 include first curved portions 800 and second curved portions 900 with opposite bending directions, and the anchoring claws 112 are circumferentially spaced from the shape-retaining members 710 of the shape-retaining units 700. Therefore, no matter the value of d1 is less than or equal to 0, or the value of d1 is greater than 0, and no matter the native mitral valve annulus contracts or expands, the anchoring structure 110 can maintain the prosthesis 100 and the native mitral valve leaflets 400 to be fully fitted and the anchoring of the prosthesis 100 to be stable, and simultaneously, the native mitral valve leaflets 400 between the anchoring claws 112 and the conformal edges 110 are clamped into a wavy shape, so that a good sealing effect is achieved, perivalvular leakage between the prosthesis 100 and the native valve annulus is avoided, and the native mitral valve leaflets 400 can be directly stressed to realize fastening and clamping.

For example, when the value of d1 is less than 0 or equal to 0, the first curve portion 800 is more medial with respect to the conformal unit 700 or the inner convex point Q1 of the first curve portion 800 is in the same plane with two circumferentially adjacent conformal elements 710 of the corresponding conformal unit 700, and due to the unique S-shaped structure of the anchoring claws 112 themselves, the free ends of the anchoring claws 112 on the other side of the conformal elements 710 can provide greater elastic force, so that the prosthesis 100 can be more fully fitted with the native mitral valve leaflets 400, the anchoring is stable, the native mitral valve leaflets 400 can be directly stressed, and the native mitral valve leaflets 400 are always easily clamped into a wavy shape.

For example, at values of d1 greater than 0, first curvilinear portion 800 is more lateral with respect to the shape-retaining member unit 700, but the anchoring structure 110 of the present invention can still stably anchor prosthesis 100 and undulate native mitral valve leaflet 400. Specifically, the value of d1 of the anchoring claw 112 in the initial state is greater than 0, and when the heart contracts, i.e., the ventricles contract, the ventricular wall 210 thicken, the ventricular wall 210 approaches inward, the ventricular wall 210 presses the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claw 112, the first curved portion 800 is pushed to approach inward, and the value of d1 becomes equal to 0 or less than 0. Thus, the native mitral valve leaflet 400 can still be wavy to achieve clamping and fastening. The adjustable function of the anchoring claws 112 in their own unique S-shaped configuration at diastole, i.e. ventricular diastole, provides a reliable clamping force, as described above, and is not repeated here. At this time, ventricular wall 210 is still pressing against first curved portion 800, so d1 value is still equal to 0 or less than 0, and due to the stable clamping of anchoring claws 112 and shape-conforming member 710 and the tendency to resume the pre-shaped shape, anchoring claws 112 and native mitral valve leaflets 400 are fully fitted, anchored firmly, native mitral valve leaflets 400 can still be wavy, and perivalvular leakage between prosthesis 100 and native mitral valve annulus will not form.

For example, if the value of d1 is greater than 0, the value of d1 should be set within a reasonable range according to actual conditions to avoid the formation of paravalvular leakage due to an excessively large value of d 1.

In some examples, -5.0mm ≦ d1 ≦ 3.0 mm. This is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the present invention, for example, as long as the native mitral valve leaflets are in a wave shape, which is not described herein.

For example, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring jaw 112 includes a first circular arc S1, and a line along a radial direction of the first circular arc S1 and parallel to the central axis of the closed figure (or parallel to the central axis of the valve body 120) is a first line L1. The first circular arc S1 extends to two sides of the first straight line L1, that is, a part of the first circular arc S1 is located at the left side of L1, and another part of the first circular arc S1 is located at the right side of L1. Thus, for example, an angle a shown in fig. 5 is greater than 90 °, where the angle a represents an obtuse angle formed between the radial direction L2 of the valve body 120 and the straight line L3, and the straight line L3 is a straight line that passes through an end face of the right end of the first arc S1 along a radial direction of the first arc S1, for example, a straight line that passes through the center O and passes through an end face of the right end of the first arc S1. In this way, the force applied to the first arc S1 of the first curved portion 800 when the ventricular wall 210 is thickened is in the lower left direction, i.e. the pushing force applied to the first arc S1 by the native valve annulus has a component force in the direction of the central axis of the valve body 120 and a component force in the direction of the valve body 120, so that the first curved portion 800 of the anchoring claw 112 can be pushed to approach inwards, i.e. the outward force applied to the first arc S1 of the first curved portion 800 when the ventricular wall 210 is thickened is cancelled, so that the anchoring structure provides a more stable and reliable clamping force.

For example, angle a is approximately 120 °, which allows the force applied by ventricular wall 210 to first arc S1 of first curved portion 800 during thickening to be directed in the lower left direction, and avoids damage to ventricular wall 210 due to angle a being too close to a right angle.

In some examples, the conformal unit 700 is axisymmetric with respect to the corresponding anchoring claws 112, and thus the clamping force of the anchoring structure to the native mitral valve leaflets is more balanced. This is merely exemplary, and conformal unit 700 may also be an asymmetric structure, which is not a limitation of the present invention and will not be described herein.

In some examples, conformal unit 700 further comprises: at least two connectors configured to connect the two retainers 710 and form an enclosed graphic unit in cooperation with the two retainers 710. This is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the present invention, for example, in other embodiments, conformal unit 700 is a non-closed graphic unit, but the structural stability of the anchoring structure corresponding to the closed graphic unit is better than that of the anchoring structure corresponding to the non-closed graphic unit, and the present invention can be modified according to actual requirements.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a conformal unit provided by some embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a side view of a conformal unit provided by some embodiments of the utility model.

For example, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, each conformal unit 700 is a hexagonal conformal unit formed by four connectors and two retainers 710. The four connectors include a first connector 720 and a second connector 730 connected near the second curved portion 900 and a third connector 740 and a fourth connector 750 connected far from the second curved portion 900. The first connecting member 720 and the second connecting member 730 are respectively connected to the ends of the two corresponding holding members 710 close to the second curved portion 900, and the third connecting member 740 and the fourth connecting member 750 are respectively connected to the ends of the two corresponding holding members 710 far from the second curved portion 900. For example, the first securing member 710a is connected to the first connecting member 720 and the third connecting member 740 at two ends thereof, and the second securing member 710b is connected to the second connecting member 730 and the fourth connecting member 750 at two ends thereof. Therefore, the clamping force of the anchoring structure to the native mitral valve leaflets is balanced, and the stability of the anchoring structure is good. This is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the present invention, e.g., conformal units 700 of the present invention may also be quadrilateral, pentagonal, heptagonal, etc., and is not exhaustive or repeated herein.

For example, the shape-retaining units 700 may have two shape-retaining members 710 spaced apart in the circumferential direction, which may be parallel or non-parallel, which may be connected to form an included angle, or which may be formed by intersecting straight lines of the two shape-retaining members 710, which is not limited in this respect.

For example, the connection point P1 of the second curved portion 900 on the corresponding conformal unit 700 is the connection point of the first connection 720 and the second connection 730. In this example, the anchoring claws 112 have better stability and the anchoring structure is more regular, which is advantageous for improving the overall mechanical performance of the prosthesis. The point of attachment of the anchoring claws 112 to the conformal unit 700 of the present invention is not limited thereto and may be in other locations, which will not be described in detail herein.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the closed figure of the anchoring structure 110 has at least one conformal unit 700 in the radial direction.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the conformal rim 111 of the anchoring structure 110 is a large mesh structure, and the large mesh of the large mesh structure is intended to indicate that the area of the closed pattern unit surrounded by the conformal units 700 is relatively large, for example, the large mesh structure may be a large mesh design along the radial direction, a large mesh design along the circumferential direction, or a large mesh design in both the circumferential direction and the radial direction.

For example, in some examples, conformal rim 111 is a large mesh structure such that the root of atrial wall 310 matches three or less conformal units 700 in a radial direction along the closed figure to adapt the dimensional morphology of the implanted prosthesis to cardiac rhythm. And the design of the large grid structure reduces the coverage area of the memory alloy, is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of related complications and is easier to deform, thereby being more suitable for the shape change of the heart during rhythm. Here, the root of the atrial wall 310 refers to a portion of the atrial wall 310 that is proximate to the ventricular wall 210.

For example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in some examples of the utility model, there is a conformal unit in the radial direction of the anchoring structure 110 that matches the root of the atrial wall 310. In other examples, there are two or three conformal units in the radial direction of the anchoring structure 110, which can both maintain the large mesh design of the anchoring structure and to some extent lift the radial support force of the anchoring structure.

For another example, in other examples, conformal rim 111 is configured as a large grid structure with a smaller number of conformal cells in the circumferential direction. Of course, the number of conformal units of the conformal rim 111 in the circumferential direction may be determined according to practical situations, for example, considering the circumferential support force of the anchoring structure in the circumferential direction, the size of the native tricuspid annulus and the requirements of the heart rhythm, which are not limited or described herein.

In some examples, the valve body 120 is provided with a large lattice structure, and the technical effect of the large lattice design can be referred to the description of the large lattice of the conformal rim 111 above, which is not repeated here, and of course, the valve body 120 can also be designed with the large lattice structure together with the conformal rim 111.

For a large grid design of the conformal rim of the anchoring structure in the radial direction, a detailed description is given below in connection with fig. 8A-8C and 9A-9B.

Fig. 8A-8C are schematic views of an anchoring structure having two conformal units in a radial direction, fig. 8A being a side view of the anchoring structure, fig. 8B being a top view corresponding to fig. 8A, and fig. 8C being a perspective view corresponding to fig. 8A and 8B, according to some embodiments of the present invention.

In some examples, as described above, the anchoring structure 110 mates with a portion of the atrial wall 310 proximate to the ventricular wall 210 and follows three following conformal units 700 in the radial direction of the closed figure, which may be one mating conformal unit as shown in fig. 2, two mating conformal units as shown in fig. 8A-8C, three mating conformal units (not shown), and 1.5 or 2.5 mating conformal units. Furthermore, the size of the plurality of conformal units in the radial direction of the closed figure may be the same or different, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, as shown in fig. 8A-8C, the closed figure of the anchoring structure 110 has two conformal cells in the radial direction, respectively conformal cell 701 and conformal cell 702, for example, the conformal cell 701 is a concave hexagon and the conformal cell 702 is a convex quadrilateral, and the conformal cell 701 and the conformal cell 702 share one side 7a and the other side 7 b. This is merely exemplary and not a limitation of the present invention as long as there is a polygon having two complete areas in a radial direction of the closed figure. Similarly, an example of a closed figure of the anchoring structure 110 having three conformal units in a radial direction can also refer to fig. 8A-8C, which are not described again here.

FIGS. 9A-9B are partial schematic views of an anchoring structure having 1.5 conformal units in the radial direction according to some embodiments of the utility model.

For example, the meaning of 1.5 of the above embodiments of the present invention means: for a large grid structure comprising a plurality of hollow-out unit cells, at least one complete unit cell is arranged in the first direction, and the unit cells are not correspondingly arranged side by side one by one in the other direction perpendicular to the first direction but are arranged in a staggered manner, so that two complete-area unit cells cannot be arranged in the first direction. Thus, this may be understood as the large lattice structure having 1.5 cells in the first direction.

For example, as shown in fig. 9A, conformal units 701a, 701b, and 701c are all hexagonal, conformal units 702a and 702b are all quadrilateral, for example, the central axis direction of the vertical direction of one conformal unit 701a is taken as the first direction, the closed figure has one hexagonal conformal unit 701a in the first direction but fails to include the corresponding other quadrilateral conformal unit 702a, and adjacent conformal units 701a and 701b share one quadrilateral conformal unit 702 a. Thus, the pattern shown in FIG. 9A can be understood as an example of a closed pattern of anchoring structures 110 having 1.5 conformal units in the radial direction. For example, in the example of FIG. 9A, points P1a, P1b serve as the attachment points for the anchoring claws 112 and conformal unit, respectively.

For another example, similar to fig. 9A, the graph shown in fig. 9B may be understood as another example where the closed graph of the anchoring structure 110 has 1.5 conformal units in the radial direction, and conformal units 701a, 701B, and 701c in fig. 9B each change to a quadrilateral shape as compared to fig. 9A. This is merely exemplary and is not a limitation on the manner in which the closed figures of the present invention may be designed. The meaning of 2.5 cells in the above embodiment of the present invention may refer to the meaning of 1.5 cells, which is not described herein again. It should be noted that the meaning of 1.5 cells or 2.5 cells per se of the above-described embodiment of the present invention is common knowledge well known to those skilled in the art.

The design of the large lattice structure of the conformal rim of the present invention in the radial direction is not limited to the above-described embodiment, as long as the large lattice structure of the conformal rim 111 of the anchoring structure of the present invention has a smaller number of conformal cells (e.g., less than or equal to three) in the radial direction as a whole to fit the root of the atrial wall, compared to the number of cells required in the radial direction of the small lattice structure of the prior art. The design of the large grid structure of the conformal edge of the anchoring structure can reduce the coverage area of the memory alloy, is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of related complications and is more suitable for the rhythm change of the heart. For example, in some prior art solutions, the cell size of the small mesh structure is 5mm × 5mm, the number N1 of cells required in the radial direction corresponding to one local area is greater than the number N2 of cells required by the large mesh structure of the present invention, and the size of some cells of the large mesh structure may be greater than some cells of the small mesh structure or less than some cells of the small mesh structure.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a prosthesis including an anchoring structure, and a valve body coupled to the anchoring structure.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, 3, and 5, the prosthesis 100 includes an anchoring structure 110 and a valve body 120, the valve body 120 including a valve frame and a leaflet prosthesis secured to the valve frame. The valve body 120 is fixedly attached to the lower end of the conformal rim 111 of the anchoring structure 110, i.e. the valve body 120 is fixedly attached to the conformal rim 111 at an end near the second curved portion 900.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure and technical effect of the anchoring structure included in the prosthesis may refer to the description about the anchoring structure 110, and thus, the technical effect of the prosthesis may also refer to the description about the technical effect of the anchoring structure 110, and is not described herein again.

The following points need to be explained:

(1) the drawings of the embodiments of the utility model only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the utility model, and other structures can refer to common designs.

(2) Without conflict, embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other to arrive at new embodiments.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope of the claims.

Claims (17)

1. An anchoring structure for anchoring a target tissue, comprising:

a conformal rim comprising a plurality of conformal units connected in sequence to enclose an overall closed figure, each adjacent two of the conformal units sharing at least one retainer such that each of the conformal units comprises at least two of the retainers having a spacing in a circumferential direction of the closed figure;

at least two anchoring claws which are respectively connected with at least two conformal units, wherein the anchoring claws comprise a first curve part configured as a free end and a second curve part connected with the corresponding conformal unit, the first curve part and the second curve part are in smooth transition connection, the opening direction of the first curve part is away from the conformal unit, and the opening direction of the first curve part is opposite to the opening direction of the second curve part.

2. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the first curvilinear portion of each anchoring claw is located between two said shape-retention elements of the corresponding shape-retention unit in the circumferential direction of the anchoring structure.

3. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the anchoring claw and/or the conformal unit comprise a medical memory alloy material.

4. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the anchoring claw is S-shaped.

5. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the first curve parts of the anchoring claws are positioned at two sides of the plane of the at least two shape-preserving pieces of the corresponding shape-preserving unit; or

The first curved portion of the anchoring claw is tangent to the plane of the at least two shape-keeping pieces of the corresponding shape-keeping unit and the anchoring claw is located at one side of the corresponding shape-keeping unit.

6. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the conformal units are axisymmetrical with respect to the corresponding anchoring claws.

7. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the conformal unit further comprises: and at least two connecting pieces configured to connect at least two of the shape-retaining pieces and form a closed graphic unit by matching with at least two of the shape-retaining pieces.

8. The anchoring structure of claim 7,

each conformal unit is connected with one anchoring claw respectively, each conformal unit is a hexagonal conformal unit which is formed by four connecting pieces and two conformal pieces,

the four connecting pieces comprise a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece which are close to the second curve part and connected with each other, and a third connecting piece and a fourth connecting piece which are far away from the second curve part and connected with each other,

the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively connected with one ends, close to the second curve part, of the two corresponding protecting pieces, and the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively connected with one ends, far away from the second curve part, of the two corresponding protecting pieces.

9. The anchoring structure of claim 8,

the connection point of the second curve part on the corresponding shape-preserving unit is the connection point of the first connector and the second connector.

10. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the conformal rim and the plurality of anchoring claws are integrally formed.

11. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the closed figure includes any one of: o-shaped, D-shaped, oval, polygonal.

12. The anchoring structure of claim 1 or 2,

the anchoring claw and the conformal rim are configured to apply opposing forces to grasp at least a portion of the target tissue.

13. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the conformal rim is a grid structure comprising two or three of the conformal cells in a radial direction along the closed figure.

14. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the first curved portion of the anchoring claw includes a first circular arc, a straight line along a radial direction of the first circular arc and parallel to a central axis of the closed figure is a first straight line,

the first arc extends to both sides of the first straight line.

15. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the curvature of the first curved portion is greater than the curvature of the second curved portion.

16. The anchoring structure of claim 1,

the number of the anchoring claws is the same as that of the shape-preserving units and corresponds to one.

17. A valve prosthesis, comprising: an anchoring structure as in any one of claims 1 to 16, and a valve body connected to the anchoring structure, the valve body comprising a valve frame and a leaflet prosthesis secured to the valve frame, wherein the valve frame is connected to the conformal rim of the anchoring structure proximate an end of the second curvilinear portion.

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