CN215956027U - Lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor series connection - Google Patents
Lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor series connection Download PDFInfo
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- CN215956027U CN215956027U CN202120988194.6U CN202120988194U CN215956027U CN 215956027 U CN215956027 U CN 215956027U CN 202120988194 U CN202120988194 U CN 202120988194U CN 215956027 U CN215956027 U CN 215956027U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a lithium battery protection circuit based on double field effect transistor series connection, which relates to the field of charging pile power supply and comprises a DC/DC conversion circuit, a driving switch circuit, a battery protection circuit, a lithium battery protection circuit and a voltage detection circuit; the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for efficiently changing an input voltage value and outputting stable and smooth low voltage, the battery protection circuit is used for driving the driving switch circuit to be switched off, the driving switch circuit is used for effectively protecting the lithium battery through the switching-off of the double-field-effect transistor series driving switch, and the lithium battery protection circuit is used for preventing the lithium battery from being short-circuited. The utility model discloses lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor establish ties utilizes two field effect tubes to cross to fill the overdischarge protection as the switch tube to the lithium cell, and the heat dispersion of switch tube is good, and power consumption is low to utilize integrated circuit to mutually support control, reduce the circuit volume, take safeguard measure, the security of adding money circuit to the switch tube.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power protection field specifically is a lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor establish ties.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, people use more and more portable electronic products, wherein a power supply is relied on any electronic product, the quality of the power supply is also measured from another aspect, at present, a lithium battery is widely applied as a power supply of most mobile devices, but because the material of the lithium battery determines that the lithium battery cannot be overcharged, overdischarged, overcurrent, short-circuited and ultra-high temperature charging and discharging, the protection problem of the lithium battery becomes more important, if the lithium battery has a fault, the product is damaged, and if the lithium battery has a fault, the safety problem occurs, therefore, the lithium battery must be matched with a lithium battery protection plate in the using process, most consumers ignore the safety of the lithium battery in order to pursue the capacity of the battery in the market, and the lithium battery often has faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent, overdischarge, battery short circuit and the like in use, the triode or the silicon controlled rectifier is adopted as the switching tube, so that the heat dissipation performance is poor, the power consumption is high, and the circuit is easy to burn due to faults because the switching tube is not protected by the circuit.
Practical contents
The embodiment of the utility model provides a lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor establish ties to solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.
According to a first aspect of the present embodiment, a lithium battery protection circuit based on a series connection of two field effect transistors is provided, the lithium battery protection circuit based on a series connection of two field effect transistors includes: the device comprises a DC/DC conversion circuit, a driving switch circuit, a battery protection circuit, a lithium battery protection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, a power input circuit and a switching circuit;
the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for efficiently changing an input voltage value and outputting a stable and smooth low voltage;
the battery protection circuit is used for driving the driving switch circuit to be switched off;
the drive switch circuit is used for effectively protecting the lithium battery by switching off the double-field effect transistor series drive switch; the second end of the driving switch circuit is connected with the lithium battery protection circuit;
the voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the voltage of the driving switch circuit;
lithium battery protection circuit for prevent that short circuit phenomenon from appearing in lithium cell, be used for carrying out short-circuit protection to the switch tube
The power supply input circuit is used for outputting smooth direct-current voltage in a certain direction to supply power for the DC/DC conversion circuit; the output end of the power input circuit is connected with the first end of the change-over switch circuit through the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the change-over switch circuit is used for changing the working state of the lithium battery to select the charging and discharging of the lithium battery; the second end of the change-over switch circuit is connected with the first end of the driving switch circuit through the battery protection circuit.
Compared with the prior art, this practical beneficial effect is: the utility model discloses lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor establish ties utilizes two field effect tubes to cross to fill the overdischarge protection as the switch tube to the lithium cell, and the heat dispersion of switch tube is good, and power consumption is low to utilize integrated circuit to mutually support control, reduce the circuit volume, take safeguard measure, the security of adding money circuit to the switch tube.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a lithium battery protection circuit based on a series connection of two field effect transistors according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a lithium battery protection circuit based on a series connection of two field effect transistors according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a series connection of two field effect transistors and a voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a lithium battery protection circuit based on a series connection of two field effect transistors, and the lithium battery protection circuit based on a series connection of two field effect transistors includes: the device comprises a DC/DC conversion circuit 1, a battery protection circuit 2, a driving switch circuit 3, a lithium battery protection circuit 4, a voltage detection circuit 5, a power input circuit 6 and a change-over switch circuit 7;
specifically, a DC/DC conversion circuit 1 for efficiently changing an input voltage value and outputting a stable and smooth low voltage;
the battery protection circuit 2 is used for controlling the drive switch circuit 3 to be switched on and off under the condition that the lithium battery is overcharged and overdischarged;
the drive switch circuit 3 is used for effectively protecting the lithium battery by switching off the double-field effect transistor series drive switch; the second end of the driving switch circuit 3 is connected with a lithium battery protection circuit 4;
a voltage detection circuit 5 for detecting a voltage of the drive switch circuit;
a lithium battery protection circuit 4 for preventing short circuit of the lithium battery and protecting the switching tube from short circuit
A power input circuit 6 for outputting a smooth direct current voltage in a certain direction to supply power to the DC/DC conversion circuit 1; the output end of the power input circuit 6 is connected with the first end of the change-over switch circuit 7 through the DC/DC conversion circuit 1;
the change-over switch circuit 7 is used for changing the working state of the lithium battery to select the charging and discharging of the lithium battery; the second end of the changeover switch circuit 7 is connected to the first end of the drive switch circuit 3 through the battery protection circuit 2.
In a specific embodiment, the voltage detection circuit 5 may select a parasitic inductance detection method, and may also select a packet removal and detection method to perform voltage detection on the driving switch circuit 3; the power input circuit 6 can adopt a rectifier to rectify alternating current into direct current for power supply, and can also adopt a direct current power supply for direct power supply; in the DC/DC conversion circuit 1, a step-down synchronous rectification chip is adopted to perform step-down synchronous rectification processing on a power input module, wherein the output voltage of the step-down synchronous rectification chip is between 5V and 12V, and an SX2105 step-down chip is selected; the selector switch circuit 7 can be a single-pole double-throw switch to select the line manually or can be automatically controlled by a relay contact.
Example 2: based on embodiment 1, referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the lithium battery protection circuit based on the series connection of the dual field effect transistors according to the present invention, the DC/DC conversion circuit 1 includes: the circuit comprises a first DC converter U1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first inductor C2, a second capacitor C3, a third capacitor C4 and a fourth capacitor C4; the power input circuit 6 includes; a direct current source DC and a first filter capacitor C1;
specifically, a first terminal of the direct current source DC is connected to the first filter capacitor C1, a first terminal of the first resistor R1, and a first terminal VIN of the first DC converter U1, a second terminal SHD of the first DC converter U1 is connected to a second terminal of the first resistor R1, a third terminal BST of the first DC converter U1 is connected to a first terminal of the first inductor L1 and a first terminal of the second capacitor C3, a fourth terminal LX of the first DC converter U1 is connected to a second terminal of the second capacitor C3, a fifth terminal FB of the first DC converter U1 is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor R2, a first terminal of the third capacitor C4, and a first terminal of the third resistor R3, and a second terminal of the first inductor L1 is connected to a second terminal of the second resistor R2 and a second terminal of the third capacitor C4.
Further, the changeover switch circuit 7 includes a first toggle switch S1; the lithium battery protection circuit 4 comprises a first fuse FU, a first lithium battery pack BAT and a seventh resistor R7;
specifically, the second end of the first toggle switch S1 is connected to the second end of the first inductor L1, the third end of the first toggle switch S1 is connected to the first end of the first fuse FU, the first end of the first lithium battery pack BAT is connected to the second end of the first fuse FU, the second end of the first lithium battery pack BAT is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R7, and the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the ground.
Further, the battery protection circuit 2 includes: the protection circuit comprises a first protection chip U2, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6 and a fifth capacitor C6; the drive switch circuit 3 includes a first switch chip U3;
specifically, a first end of the first protection chip U2 is connected to a first end of the fourth resistor R4, a second end of the first protection chip U2 is connected to a first end of the sixth resistor R6 and a first end of the fifth capacitor C6, a third end of the first protection chip U2 is connected to a second end of the fifth capacitor C6 and a first end of the fifth resistor R5, a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to a first end of the first toggle switch S1, a first end of the first switch chip U3 is connected to a fourth end of the first protection chip U2, a second end of the first switch chip U3 is connected to a fifth end of the first protection chip U2, a third end of the first switch chip U3 is connected to a second end of the third resistor R5, and a fourth end of the first switch chip U3 is connected to a second end of the fourth resistor R4 and a ground.
In an embodiment, the first DC converter U1 may be a buck synchronous rectifier chip SX2105 with an output of 5V, and the terminals of SX2105 are as follows: pin VIN: power input, pin LX: power switch output, pin BST: high side gate-drive BST pin input, pin SHD: switch on or off, pin FB: a voltage feedback input terminal, pin VCC; bias power supply output, pin GND: grounding; the first protection chip U2 can be a single chip microcomputer or a central processing unit.
Example 3: in an embodiment of the lithium battery protection circuit based on the series connection of two field effect transistors according to the present invention, referring to fig. 3 based on embodiment 2, the first switch chip U3 includes: a first switch tube M1, a second switch tube M2, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a sixth capacitor C7 and a seventh capacitor C8;
specifically, a first terminal of the first switch tube M1 is connected to a first terminal of the second switch tube M2, a cathode of the first diode D1 and a cathode of the second diode D2, a second terminal of the first switch tube M1 is connected to an anode of the first diode D1 and a first terminal of the sixth capacitor C7, a second terminal of the second switch tube M2 is connected to an anode of the second diode D2 and a first terminal of the seventh capacitor C8, and a second terminal of the sixth capacitor C7 is connected to a second terminal of the seventh capacitor C8;
further, the voltage detection circuit 5 includes a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, an eighth capacitor C9, and a ninth capacitor C10;
specifically, the second inductor L2 is connected to the eighth capacitor C9 and the second end of the first switch tube, the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the other end of the eighth capacitor C9 and the I/O port of the first protection chip U4 through the eighth resistor R8, the third inductor L3 is connected to the ninth capacitor C10 and the second end of the second switch tube, and the second end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the other end of the ninth capacitor C10 and the I/O port of the first protection chip U4 through the ninth resistor R9.
In a specific embodiment, the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 may be two N-channel enhancement line power fets with the same performance, or 8205A or 8205B chips.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the power supply is supplied through the power input circuit 6, the step-down synchronous rectification is performed through the first DC converter of the DC/DC conversion circuit 1, the highest conversion efficiency can reach 90%, the driving capability of a certain voltage can be generated, the step-down output voltage is processed through the filter capacitor and transmitted to the switch circuit 7, the switch circuit 7 selects whether the lithium battery supplies power to the load or charges itself, when the lithium battery is charged, the switch is toggled to the second end, the first protection chip U2 is powered while the lithium battery is charged, the first protection chip U2 performs voltage detection on the lithium battery, when the voltage of the lithium battery is raised to a set value, the first protection chip U2 determines that the lithium battery is in an overcharged state and controls the OC pin to output 0V, the first switch tube M1 is disconnected, the lithium battery stops charging, when the load is supplied with power, the first protection chip U2 detects the voltage of the lithium battery through the sixth resistor R6, when the voltage of the lithium battery is reduced to a set value, the pin OD outputs OV, the second switch tube M2 is turned off, and the lithium battery stops discharging, wherein when the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 work normally, the terminal voltages of the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3 are very small, the first protection chip U3 controls the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 normally, when the first switch tube M1 has a short-circuit fault, the terminal voltage of the second inductor L2 is rapidly increased, and the voltage change is detected through the I/O port of the first protection chip U3, according to the control of the software system of the first protection chip U3, the generation of a PWM wave to the second switch tube M2 is stopped, the second switch tube M2 is turned off, the circuit is turned off, and similarly, when the second switch tube M2 has a short-circuit fault, the terminal voltage of the third inductor L3 is rapidly increased, and the first protection chip U3 stops generating a PWM wave to the first switch tube M1, the first switch tube M1 is disconnected, the lithium battery stops supplying power and charging, and the protection function of the circuit of the switch tube is achieved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor series connection which characterized in that:
this lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor establish ties includes: the device comprises a DC/DC conversion circuit, a driving switch circuit, a battery protection circuit, a lithium battery protection circuit and a voltage detection circuit;
the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for efficiently changing an input voltage value and outputting a stable and smooth low voltage;
the battery protection circuit is used for driving the driving switch circuit to be switched off;
the drive switch circuit is used for effectively protecting the lithium battery by switching off the double-field effect transistor series drive switch; the second end of the driving switch circuit is connected with the lithium battery protection circuit;
the voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the voltage of the driving switch circuit;
the lithium battery protection circuit is used for preventing a short circuit phenomenon of a lithium battery and performing short circuit protection on a switch tube.
2. The lithium electric protection circuit based on the double field effect transistor series connection is characterized by further comprising a power supply input circuit and a change-over switch circuit;
the power supply input circuit is used for outputting smooth direct-current voltage in a certain direction to supply power for the DC/DC conversion circuit; the output end of the power input circuit is connected with the first end of the change-over switch through the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the change-over switch circuit is used for changing the working state of the lithium battery to select the charging and discharging of the lithium battery; the second end of the change-over switch circuit is connected with the first end of the driving switch circuit through the battery protection circuit.
3. A lithium-ion electric protection circuit based on double-field-effect transistor series connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the DC/DC conversion circuit comprises: the first DC converter, the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, the first capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor; the power input circuit includes; a direct current source and a first filter capacitor;
the first end of the direct current source is connected with the first filtering capacitor, the first end of the first resistor and the first end of the first DC converter, the second end of the first DC converter is connected with the second end of the first resistor, the third end of the first DC converter is connected with the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second capacitor, the fourth end of the first DC converter is connected with the second end of the second capacitor, the fifth end of the first DC converter is connected with the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the third capacitor and the first end of the third resistor, and the second end of the first inductor is connected with the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the third capacitor.
4. A lithium-ion battery protection circuit based on a double field-effect transistor series connection according to claim 2, wherein the battery protection circuit comprises: the protection circuit comprises a first protection chip, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a fifth capacitor; the driving switch circuit comprises a first switch chip; the change-over switch circuit comprises a first toggle switch;
the first end of the first protection chip is connected with the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the first protection chip is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor and the first end of the fifth capacitor, the third end of the first protection chip is connected with the second end of the fifth capacitor and the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected with the first end of the first toggle switch.
5. A lithium battery protection circuit based on double field effect transistor series connection according to claim 4, characterized in that, the lithium battery protection circuit comprises a first fuse, a first lithium battery pack and a seventh resistor;
the second end of the first toggle switch is connected with the second end of the first inductor, and the third end of the first toggle switch is connected with the first end of the first fuse.
6. The lithium electric protection circuit based on the series connection of the two field effect transistors according to claim 5, wherein a first terminal of the first lithium battery pack is connected to a second terminal of the first fuse, a second terminal of the first lithium battery pack is connected to a first terminal of a seventh resistor, and a second terminal of the seventh resistor is connected to a ground terminal.
7. The lithium electric protection circuit based on the series connection of the two field effect transistors according to claim 4, wherein the first terminal of the first switch chip is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection chip, the second terminal of the first switch chip is connected to the fifth terminal of the first protection chip, the third terminal of the first switch chip is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor, and the fourth terminal of the first switch chip is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor and the ground terminal.
8. The lithium electric protection circuit based on the double-field effect transistor series connection is characterized in that the first switch chip internally comprises: the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the first diode, the second diode, the sixth capacitor and the seventh capacitor;
the first end of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the second switch tube, the cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode, the second end of the first switch tube is connected with the anode of the first diode and the first end of the sixth capacitor, the second end of the second switch tube is connected with the anode of the second diode and the first end of the seventh capacitor, and the second end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the second end of the seventh capacitor.
9. The lithium electric protection circuit based on the series connection of the two field effect transistors according to claim 8, wherein the voltage detection circuit comprises a second inductor, a third inductor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, an eighth capacitor and a ninth capacitor;
the second inductor is connected with the eighth capacitor and the second end of the first switch tube, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the other end of the eighth capacitor and the I/O port of the first protection chip through an eighth resistor, the third inductor is connected with the ninth capacitor and the second end of the second switch tube, and the second end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the ninth capacitor and the I/O port of the first protection chip through a ninth resistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120988194.6U CN215956027U (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor series connection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120988194.6U CN215956027U (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor series connection |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215956027U true CN215956027U (en) | 2022-03-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120988194.6U Active CN215956027U (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Lithium electricity protection circuit based on two field effect transistor series connection |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215956027U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202120988194.6U patent/CN215956027U/en active Active
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