CN215890975U

CN215890975U - Speed reducer

Info

Publication number: CN215890975U
Application number: CN202120664710.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘林华; 丁志豪
Original assignee: Nidec Shimpo Zhejiang Corp
Current assignee: Nidec Drive Technology Zhejiang Corp
Priority date: 2021-03-31
Filing date: 2021-03-31
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-31

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a speed reducer, including: an input unit connected to an external input device; an output unit located on one axial side of the input unit and connected to an output target; and a multistage reduction mechanism that reduces the rotation of the input portion and transmits the reduced rotation to the output portion, wherein at least a radial dimension of the output stage reduction mechanism located on one axial side is different from a radial dimension of the input stage reduction mechanism located on the other axial side. According to the embodiment of the utility model, multi-stage speed reduction is realized through one speed reducer, a high speed reduction ratio can be realized, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Description

Speed reducer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of electromechanics, in particular to a speed reducer.

Background

Speed reducers are currently in widespread use and may include at least an input, a transmission, and an output. In some existing structures, a plurality of speed reducers are assembled to realize a high reduction ratio, i.e., to reduce the rotation speed and increase the torque, by means of multi-stage speed reduction. For example, a three-stage reduction structure is realized by connecting an output portion of one two-stage reduction gear (or referred to as a two-stage reduction gear) and an input portion of one-stage reduction gear (or referred to as a one-stage reduction gear) to assemble the two reduction gears, thereby realizing a high reduction ratio.

It should be noted that the above background description is only for the sake of clarity and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the utility model.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The inventor finds that: in the above-described conventional structure, a plurality of speed reducers are required to realize a high reduction ratio, the structure is complicated, and the assembly work consumes man-hours and is high in cost.

In order to solve at least the above problems, the present invention provides a reduction gear which realizes multi-stage reduction by one reduction gear, can realize a high reduction ratio, and has a simple structure and a low cost.

According to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reduction gear, including:

an input unit connected to an external input device;

an output unit located on one axial side of the input unit and connected to an output target; and

a multi-stage reduction mechanism that reduces the rotation of the input portion and transmits the reduced rotation to the output portion,

in the multistage reduction mechanism, a radial dimension of the output stage reduction mechanism on one side in the axial direction is different from a radial dimension of the input stage reduction mechanism on the other side in the axial direction.

In one or more embodiments, the reducer is a planetary reducer,

the input portion includes an input shaft provided at one side of the input portion in the axial direction, the input shaft having a sun gear,

the multistage reduction mechanism includes:

a first planetary gear provided on an outer periphery of the input shaft and engaged with the sun gear;

a second planetary gear provided on one side in the axial direction of the first planetary gear;

a first transmission mechanism that is connected to the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear, respectively, and transmits rotation of the first planetary gear to the second planetary gear;

a third planetary gear provided on one side in the axial direction of the second planetary gear; and

a second transmission mechanism that is connected to the second planetary gear and the third planetary gear, respectively, and transmits rotation of the second planetary gear to the third planetary gear,

the output is connected to the third planetary gear.

In one or more embodiments, the multistage reduction mechanism further includes a first internal ring gear member that is located on outer peripheries of the first and second planetary gears, an inner periphery of the first internal ring gear member being provided with first annular teeth that mesh with teeth of the first planetary gears and teeth of the second planetary gears.

In one or more embodiments, the speed reducer further includes a second internal ring gear member that is located on an outer periphery of the third planetary gear, an inner periphery of the second internal ring gear member being provided with second annular teeth that mesh with teeth of the third planetary gear,

the diameter of the second annular tooth is larger than the diameter of the first annular tooth.

In one or more embodiments, the first planetary gear has 2 planetary gears.

In one or more embodiments, the second planetary gear has 3 planetary gears and the third planetary gear has 3 planetary gears.

In one or more embodiments, the diameter of the first planet gear is smaller than the diameter of the second planet gear, which is smaller than the diameter of the third planet gear.

In one or more embodiments, the axial dimension of the first planet gears is less than the axial dimension of the second planet gears, which is less than the axial dimension of the third planet gears.

In one or more embodiments, the first transmission mechanism includes a first carrier, the other axial side of the first carrier being connected to a central shaft of the first planetary gear, the first carrier having a first carrier output shaft on the one axial side that meshes with the second planetary gear;

the second transmission mechanism includes a second carrier, the other axial side of which is connected to a central shaft of the second planetary gear, the second carrier having a second carrier output shaft that meshes with the third planetary gear on the one axial side.

In one or more embodiments, the other axial side of the output portion includes a third carrier, the third carrier being connected to a central shaft of the third planetary gear.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the multi-stage speed reduction is realized through one speed reducer, the high speed reduction ratio can be realized, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the utility model may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the utility model are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the utility model include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first planetary gears of the reducer of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the second planetary gear of the reducer of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the third planetary gear of the reduction gear according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The foregoing and other features of the utility model will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description and drawings, particular embodiments of the utility model have been disclosed in detail as being indicative of some of the embodiments in which the principles of the utility model may be employed, it being understood that the utility model is not limited to the embodiments described, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover all modifications, variations, and equivalents falling within the scope of the appended claims.

In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for distinguishing different elements by name, but do not denote a spatial arrangement, a temporal order, or the like of the elements, and the elements should not be limited by the terms. The term "and/or", "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and the like, refer to the presence of stated features, elements, components, and do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and elements.

In embodiments of the utility model, the singular forms "a", "an", and the like may include the plural forms and are to be construed broadly as "a" or "an" and not limited to the meaning of "a" or "an"; furthermore, the term "comprising" should be understood to include both the singular and the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Further, the term "according to" should be understood as "at least partially according to … …," and the term "based on" should be understood as "based at least partially on … …," unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the following description of the present invention, for the sake of convenience of description, a direction parallel to a direction extending along a shaft (for example, a central axis OO' of an input shaft of an input unit) is referred to as an "axial direction", a radial direction centering on the shaft is referred to as a "radial direction", and a direction surrounding the shaft is referred to as a "circumferential direction". However, it should be noted that these are for convenience of description only, and do not limit the direction of the reducer when it is used and manufactured. The diameter of the gear is the diameter of the gear pitch circle, and the diameter of the annular tooth is the diameter of the inner ring pitch circle.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a speed reducer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a case where the speed reducer 10 is cut along a central axis OO' of the speed reducer 10.

As shown in fig. 1, the reduction gear 10 includes an input portion 11, a multistage reduction mechanism 12, and an output portion 13. Wherein, the input part 11 is connected with an external input device, and the output part 13 is positioned at one axial side (O side) of the input part 11 and is connected with an output object; the multistage reduction mechanism 12 reduces the rotation speed of the input portion 11, and transmits the reduced rotation speed to the output portion 13.

In the embodiment of the utility model, in the multistage speed reducing mechanism 12, the radial dimension of the output stage speed reducing mechanism at least on one axial side (O side) is different from the radial dimension of the input stage speed reducing mechanism on the other axial side (O' side).

In the embodiment of the present application, the input stage speed reduction mechanism may include a member connected to the input portion and performing the first speed reduction of the plurality of speed reductions of the input portion, the output stage speed reduction mechanism may include a member connected to the output portion to perform the last speed reduction of the plurality of speed reductions, and further, may include an intermediate stage speed reduction mechanism, which may include a member located between and connecting the input stage speed reduction mechanism and the output stage speed reduction mechanism.

As is clear from the above-described embodiment, in the reduction gear unit 10, the multistage reduction mechanism 12 realizes multistage reduction, thereby realizing multistage reduction with one reduction gear unit, realizing a high reduction ratio, and having a simple structure.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the rotation of the external input device is decelerated through the reduction gear 10 and transmitted to the output object connected to the output part 13 of the reduction gear 10, thereby achieving a high reduction ratio, the external input device may be various types of power devices, and the output object may be various objects to be driven, referring to the related art.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the speed reducer 10 may be a planetary speed reducer, but the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the speed reducer 10 may also be another type of speed reducer; the multistage speed reduction mechanism may be a two-stage speed reduction mechanism, a three-stage speed reduction mechanism, or a speed reduction mechanism having more than three stages, and the following description will be given taking an example in which the speed reducer 10 is a planetary speed reducer and has a three-stage speed reduction mechanism including an input-stage speed reduction mechanism, an intermediate-stage speed reduction mechanism, and an output-stage speed reduction mechanism.

As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, the speed reducer 10 is a planetary speed reducer, and the input portion 11 includes an input shaft 111 having a sun gear 1111 provided on one side (O side) in the axial direction of the input portion 11. The multistage reduction mechanism 12 includes a first planetary gear 121, a second planetary gear 122, a first transmission mechanism 123, a third planetary gear 124, and a second transmission mechanism 125, the first planetary gear 121 is provided on the outer periphery of the input shaft 11 and meshed with the sun gear 1111, the second planetary gear 122 is provided on one axial side (O side) of the first planetary gear 121, the first transmission mechanism 123 is connected to the first planetary gear 121 and the second planetary gear 122, respectively, and transmits the rotation of the first planetary gear 121 to the second planetary gear 122, the third planetary gear 124 is provided on one axial side (O side) of the second planetary gear 122, the second transmission mechanism 125 is connected to the second planetary gear 122 and the third planetary gear 124, respectively, and transmits the rotation of the second planetary gear 122 to the third planetary gear 124, and the output portion 13 is connected to the third planetary gear 124.

Therefore, the input shaft to the first transmission mechanism is subjected to primary speed reduction, the first transmission mechanism to the second transmission mechanism is subjected to secondary speed reduction, and the second transmission mechanism to the output part is subjected to tertiary speed reduction.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the input stage speed reducing mechanism may include a first planetary gear, the output stage speed reducing mechanism may include a third planetary gear, and further, the first transmission mechanism, the second planetary gear, and the second transmission mechanism may serve as intermediate stages of the multi-stage speed reducing mechanism.

As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, the multistage reduction mechanism 12 further includes a first internal ring gear member 126, the first internal ring gear member 126 is located on the outer peripheries of the first and second

planetary gears

121 and 122, the inner periphery of the first internal ring gear member 126 is provided with first annular teeth 1261, and the first annular teeth 1261 mesh with the teeth 1211 of the first planetary gear 121 and the teeth 1221 of the second planetary gear 122.

Thus, the first planetary gears 121 and the second planetary gears 122 are externally connected to the first internal gear member 126 which is the same internal gear member, and the structure of the reduction gear unit 10 can be further simplified.

As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, the speed reducer 10 further includes a second internal ring gear member 14, the second internal ring gear member 14 is located on an outer periphery of the third planetary gears 124, an inner periphery of the second internal ring gear member 14 is provided with a second annular tooth 141, the second annular tooth 141 meshes with teeth 1241 of the third planetary gears 124, and a diameter D1 of the second annular tooth 141 is larger than a diameter D2 of the first annular tooth 126.

Therefore, the radial sizes of the first-stage speed reducing structure (input stage) and the second-stage speed reducing structure (intermediate stage) are small, the radial size of the third-stage speed reducing structure (output stage) is large, the torques of the input stage and the intermediate stage are small, the torque of the output stage is large, and the high-torque and large-speed reducing ratio of the whole speed reducer is realized.

In one or more embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the diameter d1 of the first planet gears 121 is less than the diameter d2 of the second planet gears 122, and the diameter d2 of the second planet gears 122 is less than the diameter d3 of the third planet gears 124.

Therefore, the torque borne by different planetary gears from the input stage to the output stage of the three-stage speed reducing structure is gradually increased, the radial size of different planetary gears from the input stage to the output stage of the three-stage speed reducing structure is gradually increased, the stability of the overall performance of the speed reducer is favorably realized, and in addition, the diameter of the first planetary gear for low-torque output is smaller, so that the material is favorably saved, and the cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, the axial dimension h1 of the first planet gears 121 is less than the axial dimension h2 of the second planet gears 122, and the axial dimension h2 of the second planet gears 122 is less than the axial dimension h3 of the third planet gears 124.

From this, the torque that tertiary speed reduction structure bore from the different planetary gear of input stage to output stage increases gradually, and the axial dimensions of tertiary speed reduction structure from the different planetary gear of input stage to output stage grow gradually, is favorable to realizing the stability of speed reducer overall performance, and in addition, the thickness that is used for low torque output's first planetary gear is less, is favorable to material saving, reduce cost.

As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, the first transmission mechanism 123 includes a first carrier 1231, the other axial side (O' side) of the first carrier 1231 is in interference connection with the central shaft 1212 of the first planetary gear 121, and the first carrier 1231 has a first carrier output shaft 12311 engaged with the second planetary gear 122 at one axial side (O side); the second transmission mechanism 125 includes a second carrier 1251, and the other axial side (O' side) of the second carrier 1251 is interference-connected to the central shaft 1222 of the second planetary gears 122, and the second carrier 1251 has a second carrier output shaft 12511 meshing with the third planetary gears 124 on the one axial side (O side).

As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, the other axial side (O' side) of the output portion 13 includes a third carrier 131, and the third carrier 131 and a central shaft 1242 of the third planetary gear 124 are interference-connected.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the first planetary gears 121 of the speed reducer of the embodiment of the utility model, showing a case where the first planetary gears 121 are provided to the first carrier 1231 as viewed from the axial direction; fig. 3 is a schematic view of the second planetary gears 122 of the speed reducer of the embodiment of the utility model, showing a case where the second planetary gears 122 are provided to the second carrier 1251 as viewed from the axial direction; fig. 4 is a schematic view of the third planetary gears 124 of the speed reducer of the embodiment of the present invention, showing a case where the third planetary gears 124 are provided to the third carrier 131 as viewed from the axial direction.

As shown in fig. 2, in one or more embodiments, the first planetary gears 121 have 2 planetary gears. Thus, by setting the number of the planet gears of the first planet gear 121 to 2, the lubrication space at the input stage inside the speed reducer can be increased, which is advantageous for heat dissipation and can reduce the cost. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the planetary gears of the first planetary gear 121 may be other values.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in one or more embodiments, the second planetary gear 122 has 3 planetary gears and the third planetary gear 124 has 3 planetary gears. Thus, by setting the number of the planet gears of the second planet gears 122 and the third planet gears 124 to 3, the second planet gears 122 and the third planet gears 124 can support the rotation of the large torque. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the planetary gears of the first planetary gear 121 may be other values.

It is to be noted that, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, needle bearings 15 are provided between the planetary gears and the central shaft (between the first planetary gears 121 and the central shaft 1212, between the second planetary gears 122 and the central shaft 1222, and between the third planetary gears 124 and the central shaft 1242) so that the planetary gears can rotate centering on the central shaft.

According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the reduction gear 10 realizes multi-stage reduction by the multi-stage reduction mechanism 12, thereby realizing multi-stage reduction by one reduction gear, realizing a high reduction ratio, and having a simple structure.

The speed reducer according to the embodiment of the present invention is described above in terms of different embodiments, and the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and the description thereof is omitted here. In addition, the present invention has been described above only by way of example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be appropriately modified based on the above embodiments, and further, the reduction gear may include other configurations such as a housing, a bearing, and the like, and reference may be made to the related art, and the description thereof is omitted here.

While the utility model has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these descriptions are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art based upon the spirit and principles of this invention, and such modifications and alterations are also within the scope of this invention.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The many features and advantages of the embodiments are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the embodiments that fall within the true spirit and scope thereof. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the embodiments of the utility model to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope thereof.

Claims

1. A speed reducer, characterized in that the speed reducer comprises:

an input unit connected to an external input device;

2. The reducer according to claim 1,

the speed reducer is a planetary speed reducer,

the multistage reduction mechanism includes:

the output is connected to the third planetary gear.

3. The reducer according to claim 2,

the multistage reduction mechanism further includes a first internal gear ring member that is located on outer peripheries of the first and second planetary gears, an inner periphery of the first internal gear ring member is provided with a first annular tooth portion that meshes with tooth portions of the first and second planetary gears.

4. The reducer according to claim 3,

the speed reducer further includes a second internal ring gear member that is located on an outer periphery of the third planetary gear, an inner periphery of the second internal ring gear member being provided with a second annular tooth portion that meshes with a tooth portion of the third planetary gear,

5. The reducer according to claim 2,

the first planetary gear has 2 planetary gears.

6. The reducer according to claim 2,

the second planetary gear has 3 planetary gears and the third planetary gear has 3 planetary gears.

7. The reducer according to claim 2,

the diameter of the first planet gear is smaller than the diameter of the second planet gear, and the diameter of the second planet gear is smaller than the diameter of the third planet gear.

8. A reducer according to claim 2 or 7,

the axial dimension of the first planetary gear is smaller than the axial dimension of the second planetary gear, and the axial dimension of the second planetary gear is smaller than the axial dimension of the third planetary gear.

9. The reducer according to claim 2,

the first transmission mechanism includes a first carrier, the other axial side of which is connected to a central shaft of the first planetary gear, the first carrier having a first carrier output shaft on the one axial side that meshes with the second planetary gear;

10. The reducer according to claim 9,

the other axial side of the output portion includes a third carrier connected to a central shaft of the third planetary gear.