CN215815328U - Cable unit, coaxial cable and parallel biax cable based on graphite alkene copper wire - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a graphene copper wire-based cable unit, a coaxial cable and a parallel biaxial cable, wherein the cable unit comprises a wire unit, the wire unit comprises a conductive core and an electric insulation layer coating the conductive core, and the conductive core is formed by at least one metal wire of which the surface is covered with a graphene layer. The cable unit adopts the metal wire covered with the graphene layer as the conductive core, so that the conductivity of the conductive core can be improved. When the graphene layer is used under high frequency, the skin effect appears in the metal wire, the graphene layer has more remarkable effect of improving the electrical conductivity of the metal wire, the energy loss in the signal transmission process can be remarkably reduced, the heating of a conductor is reduced, the signal integrity is further improved, and the signal transmission distance is increased.

Description

Cable unit, coaxial cable and parallel biax cable based on graphite alkene copper wire

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of communication, in particular to a graphene copper wire-based cable unit for signal transmission, a coaxial cable and a parallel double-shaft cable.

Background

The cable for digital communication can realize high-speed signal transmission, has good electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the field of high-frequency communication.

However, due to the inherent property limitation of the material, the communication cable has a serious transmission loss when used at a higher frequency, resulting in problems of short signal transmission distance, degradation of signal quality, and the like in high frequency signal transmission. Currently, there are two main methods for reducing transmission loss of the parallel biaxial cable: 1. adopting a conductor material with higher conductivity; 2. dielectric materials with lower loss factors are adopted.

Research has shown that conductor loss in transmission lines is a major factor in transmission loss in the GHz band. At present, the parallel double-shaft cable for digital communication below 25GHz is made of silver-plated copper wires, which are mainly characterized in that the conductivity of the silver-plated copper wires is 3-6% higher than that of pure copper wires. However, as the frequency of use increases further, the severe loss of silver-plated copper wire at high frequencies has limited the development and application of higher frequency communication cables.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a graphene copper wire-based cable unit, a coaxial cable and a parallel double-shaft cable which are suitable for transmitting higher-frequency digital signals and have extremely low loss.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a graphene-copper-wire-based cable unit, which includes a wire unit, wherein the wire unit includes a conductive core and an electrical insulation layer covering the conductive core, and the conductive core is composed of at least one metal wire with a graphene layer covering a surface thereof.

In a specific embodiment, the diameter of the metal wire is less than or equal to 0.51 mm.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the graphene layer is 1 to 200 nm.

In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the electrically insulating layer is less than or equal to 0.4 mm.

In a specific embodiment, the metal wire is selected from one of a copper wire, a silver-plated copper wire, and a pure silver wire.

In one embodiment, the conductive core is made up of a plurality of metal wires whose surfaces are covered with graphene layers.

In a specific embodiment, the cable unit further includes an inner shielding layer, and the inner shielding layer covers the conductor unit.

In one embodiment, the inner shield layer is a composite layer composed of a graphene layer and a metal layer.

In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the inner shield layer is greater than or equal to 0.025 mm.

In an embodiment, the cable unit includes two wire units and a drain wire, which are disposed in parallel, and the inner shielding layer covers the two wire units and the drain wire.

The utility model also provides a coaxial cable which comprises the cable unit.

The utility model also provides a parallel twinaxial cable which comprises at least two cable units as described above, wherein the cable units are arranged in parallel.

In a specific embodiment, the parallel biaxial cable further comprises an outer coating layer, the outer coating layer coats the cable unit, and the outer coating layer comprises an external electrical insulation layer, an external shielding layer, a tin-plated copper braid layer and a protective sleeve which are sequentially arranged.

In one embodiment, the outer shielding layer is a composite layer formed by a graphene layer and a metal layer.

The utility model has the advantages that the cable unit adopts the metal wire covered with the graphene layer as the conductive core, so that the conductivity of the conductive core can be improved. When the metal wire is used at high frequency, a skin effect occurs in the metal wire, electrons tend to be transmitted along the outermost layer of the metal wire under the effect of the skin effect, the graphene layer is gradually increased in the skin effect layer, and the graphene layer is gradually increased along with the increase of frequency, so that the improvement effect of the graphene layer on the electric conductivity of the metal wire is more remarkable when the metal wire is used at high frequency. The higher conductivity of the skin layer can obviously reduce the energy loss in the signal transmission process, reduce the heat of the conductor, further improve the signal integrity and increase the signal transmission distance.

For example, the conventional 38AWG miniature Twinax (parallel double-axis) transmission line is exemplified, the conductor is a 1.5m long silver-plated copper conductor, and the loss thereof can be controlled within 36dB under the 25GHz condition, while the transmission loss of the cable unit (same size) provided by the present invention can be controlled below 11dB under the 25GHz condition. In addition, the transmission loss under the 56GHz condition is not higher than 18.5dB, and the transmission loss under the 112GHz condition is not higher than 32dB, so that the transmission loss is greatly reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cable unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cable unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a coaxial cable according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a parallel twinaxial cable provided in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a parallel twinaxial cable according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the graphene-copper wire-based cable unit, the coaxial cable, and the parallel twinax cable provided by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1, where the cable unit includes a wire unit 10, the wire unit 10 includes a conductive core 11 and an electrical insulating layer 12 covering the conductive core 11, and the conductive core 11 is formed by at least one metal wire 111 whose surface is covered with a graphene layer 110.

The cable unit of the present invention employs the metal wire 111 covered with the graphene layer 110 as the conductive core 11. The graphene layer 110 has very high intrinsic conductivity, and can improve the conductivity of the conductive core 11; the graphene layer 110 has extremely high carrier mobility, and meanwhile, electron transfer exists at a graphene metal interface, so that a large number of electrons in metal can be transmitted by means of the extremely high carrier mobility of graphene, and the conductivity of the conductive core 11 is further improved; when the metal lead 111 is used at a high frequency, a skin effect occurs in the metal lead 111, and electrons tend to be transmitted along the outermost layer of the metal lead 111 under the skin effect, at this time, the proportion of the graphene layer 110 in the skin layer gradually increases, and the proportion of the graphene layer 110 gradually increases with the increase of the frequency, so that when the metal lead is used at a high frequency, the effect of the graphene layer 110 on improving the electrical conductivity of the metal lead 111 is more remarkable. The higher conductivity of the skin layer can obviously reduce the energy loss in the signal transmission process, reduce the heat of the conductor, further improve the signal integrity and increase the signal transmission distance.

Further, in the present embodiment, the conductive core 11 is composed of one metal wire 111 covered with the graphene layer 110, while in other embodiments of the present invention, the conductive core 11 may be composed of a plurality of metal wires 111 covered with the graphene layer 110, for example, 3, 4, 7, etc. When the plurality of metal wires 111 covered with the graphene layer 110 constitute the conductive core, the plurality of metal wires 111 covered with the graphene layer 110 need to be twisted to form the conductive core 11.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the metal wire 111 is selected from one of a copper wire, a silver-plated copper wire, and a pure silver wire. In other embodiments of the present invention, the metal wire 111 may also be made of other metal conductive materials.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the metal wire 111 is less than or equal to 0.51 mm. The thickness of the metal wire 111 can be selected according to the actual situation according to the material of the metal wire.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the graphene layer 110 is 1 to 200 nm. If the thickness of the graphene layer 110 is too thick, the conductivity of the conductive core 11 may be affected, and if the thickness of the graphene layer 110 is too thin, the graphene layer 110 may not function.

The electrically insulating layer 12 electrically isolates the electrically conductive core 11 from the outside. The material of the electrical insulation layer 12 may be Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP). Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the electrical insulation layer 12 is less than or equal to 0.4mm, so as to reduce the size of the wire unit 10 while ensuring sufficient electrical isolation.

Further, in the present embodiment, the cable unit further includes an inner shield layer 30, and the inner shield layer 30 covers the conductor unit 10. Further, the thickness of the inner shield layer 30 is greater than or equal to 0.025mm, so as to sufficiently shield the interference signal.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner shield layer 30 is a composite layer composed of a graphene layer 31 and a metal layer 32. The graphene copper used as the shielding layer at least has the following advantages: firstly, the graphene has the property and stability, and can be coated on the surface of a copper foil to avoid the oxidation of the copper foil; and secondly, the graphene copper has extremely high conductivity, and the shielding performance can be improved by using the graphene copper as a shielding layer.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the inner shield layer 30 may also be a tin-plated copper braided layer.

The utility model also provides a cable unit. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable unit according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the cable unit includes two conductor units 10, a drain wire 20 and an inner shielding layer 30, which are arranged in parallel. The wire unit 10 includes a conductive core 11 and an electrical insulating layer 12 covering the conductive core 11. The conductive core 11 is composed of a metal wire 111 whose surface is covered with a graphene layer 110.

The drain wire 20 is disposed in parallel with the wire units 10, and the inner shielding layer 30 covers the two wire units 10 and the drain wire 20. Pure silver wire the drain wire 20 is a tinned copper wire to prevent lightning strikes.

Further, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the inner shield layer 30 is greater than or equal to 0.025mm to sufficiently shield the interference signal.

Further, in the present embodiment, the inner shield layer 30 is a composite layer composed of the graphene layer 31 and the metal layer 32. The graphene copper used as the shielding layer at least has the following advantages: firstly, the graphene has the property and stability, and can be coated on the surface of a copper foil to avoid the oxidation of the copper foil; and secondly, the graphene copper has extremely high conductivity, and the shielding performance can be improved by using the graphene copper as a shielding layer.

The utility model also provides a coaxial cable. Please refer to fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a coaxial cable according to another embodiment of the present invention. The coaxial cable includes the cable unit as described above. The cable unit comprises a lead unit 10, wherein the lead unit 10 comprises a conductive core 11 and an electric insulation layer 12 wrapping the conductive core 11, and the conductive core 11 is composed of at least one metal lead 111 with a graphene layer 110 covering the surface. Further, the coaxial cable further includes a protective sheath 54, and the protective sheath 54 covers the shielding layer 30 to protect the shielding layer.

The utility model also provides a parallel biaxial cable. The twinaxial parallel cable comprises at least the twinaxial parallel cable units as described above, which are arranged in parallel. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel twinaxial cable according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the twinaxial parallel cable includes two twinaxial parallel cable units 40. The structure of each of the twinax parallel cable units 40 is the same as that of the twinax parallel cable unit described above, and thus the description thereof is omitted. In other embodiments of the present invention, the parallel twinaxial cable may include more than two parallel twinaxial cable units 40. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a twinaxial parallel cable according to still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the twinaxial parallel cable includes 8 twinaxial parallel cable units 40. Preferably, the parallel twinaxial cable may include 2 to 24 parallel twinaxial cable units 40.

The parallel double-shaft cable unit of the parallel double-shaft cable adopts the metal lead covered with the graphene layer as the conductive core, so that the energy loss in the signal transmission process can be obviously reduced, the heating of the conductor is reduced, the signal integrity is further improved, and the signal transmission distance is increased.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the parallel twinaxial cable further comprises an outer cladding 50. The outer covering 50 covers the parallel twinaxial cable unit 40 to form a complete parallel twinaxial cable. In this embodiment, the outer cladding 50 includes an outer electrical insulation layer 51, an outer shielding layer 52, a tinned copper braid 53, and a protective sheath 54, which are sequentially disposed.

The outer electrically insulating layer 51 serves as an insulator and may be a polyester material. The outer shielding layer 52 serves to shield interference signals, and is preferably a composite layer composed of graphene layers and metal layers to improve shielding effect. The tinned copper braided layer 53 and the protective sleeve 54 play a role in wrapping and protecting so as to prevent the internal structure of the parallel double-shaft cable from being damaged. The tin-plated copper braided layer 53 can also play a role of primarily preventing electromagnetic shielding.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. The utility model provides a cable unit based on graphite alkene copper wire, its characterized in that includes the wire unit, the wire unit includes electrically conductive core and cladding the electric insulation layer of electrically conductive core, electrically conductive core comprises at least one surface covers the metal wire that has graphite alkene layer.

2. The cable unit according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the metal conductor is less than or equal to 0.51 mm.

3. The cable unit according to claim 1, wherein the graphene layer has a thickness of 1 to 200 nm.

4. The cable unit according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the electrically insulating layer is less than or equal to 0.4 mm.

5. The cable unit according to claim 1, wherein the metal wire is selected from one of a copper wire, a silver-plated copper wire, and a pure silver wire.

6. The cable unit according to claim 1, wherein the conductive core is composed of a plurality of coaxially arranged metal wires having a surface covered with a graphene layer.

7. The cable unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an inner shield layer covering the wire unit.

8. The cable unit according to claim 7, wherein the inner shield layer is a composite layer composed of a graphene layer and a metal layer.

9. The cable unit of claim 7, wherein the thickness of the inner shield layer is greater than or equal to 0.025 mm.

10. The cable unit according to claim 7, wherein the cable unit includes two of the conductor units and a drain wire arranged in parallel, and the inner shield layer covers the two conductor units and the drain wire.

11. A coaxial cable comprising the cable unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A parallel twinaxial cable comprising at least two cable units according to claim 10, said cable units being arranged in parallel.

13. The parallel twinaxial cable of claim 12, further comprising an outer cladding that surrounds the cable elements, the outer cladding comprising an outer electrically insulating layer, an outer shielding layer, a tinned copper braid and a protective jacket in that order.

14. The parallel twinaxial cable of claim 13, wherein the outer shield layer is a composite layer consisting of graphene layers and metal layers.

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