CN215814135U - Quantum random number generator and encryption device - Google Patents
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- CN215814135U CN215814135U CN202121584186.1U CN202121584186U CN215814135U CN 215814135 U CN215814135 U CN 215814135U CN 202121584186 U CN202121584186 U CN 202121584186U CN 215814135 U CN215814135 U CN 215814135U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses quantum random number generator and encryption device, this quantum random number generator includes: the detector outputs a first voltage signal based on the spontaneous emission light signal, and the signal processor outputs a quantum random number based on the first voltage signal, wherein the intensity variation of the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source is unpredictable, so that the quantum random number generator can output the quantum random number with true randomness. In addition, the quantum random number generator does not have expensive elements such as a quantum entanglement source and a single photon detector, so that the cost of the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application is low, the practical application of the quantum random number generator is facilitated, and the acquisition of true random numbers is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of encryption technologies, and in particular, to a quantum random number generator and an encryption apparatus including the same.
Background
Random numbers are one of the key research points in cryptography, and have a crucial influence on the security of the cryptosystem, and in addition, random numbers play a very important role in gambling, sample statistics, monte-carlo simulation and some computing science, so that research on random numbers has attracted more and more attention.
Since the randomness of the random number is an important criterion for measuring the quality of the random number, and it is important to ensure the true randomness of the random number in order to ensure the quality of the random number, it is important to provide a random number generator capable of generating random numbers with true randomness.
In order to ensure true randomness of the generated random numbers, conventional random number generators generally generate random numbers having true randomness based on quantum physics phenomena, and such random number generators are collectively referred to as quantum random number generators. However, the conventional quantum random number generator has high cost, so that the conventional quantum random number generator has poor practicability and is not beneficial to obtaining random numbers with true randomness. Therefore, providing a quantum random number generator with high utility has become a research focus for those skilled in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a quantum random number generator, which has strong practicability and is beneficial to obtaining true random numbers.
In order to solve the above problem, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a quantum random number generator, the random number generator comprising:
a substrate;
a spontaneous radiation source located on the first side surface of the substrate, the spontaneous radiation source emitting a spontaneous radiation optical signal;
a detector on the first side surface of the substrate, the detector outputting a first voltage signal based on the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal, the first voltage signal being an analog voltage signal;
and the input end of the signal processor is connected with the output end of the detector, the first voltage signal is input, and a quantum random number is output based on the first voltage signal.
Optionally, the spontaneous radiation source is an electro-optic diode chip or a superradiation electro-optic diode chip.
Optionally, the signal processor comprises a transducer and a post processor located on the first side surface of the substrate;
the input end of the converter is connected with the output end of the detector, the first voltage signal is input, and a second voltage signal is output based on the first voltage signal and is a digital voltage signal;
and the input end of the post processor is connected with the output end of the converter, the second voltage signal is input, and the quantum random number is output based on the second voltage signal.
Optionally, the converter is an analog-to-digital converter or a comparator; the post-processor is an application specific integrated circuit chip or a field programmable gate array chip.
Optionally, the method further includes: a housing located on a first side surface of the substrate, the spontaneous radiation source, the detector, and the signal processor being located within the housing.
Optionally, the first side surface of the housing faces the first side surface of the substrate, and the first side surface of the housing is a frosted surface.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the spontaneous radiation source electrode wire is connected with the spontaneous radiation source and comprises a part positioned on the first side surface of the substrate, a part positioned on the second side surface of the substrate and a part positioned on the third side surface of the substrate;
the detector electrode wire is connected with the detector and comprises a part positioned on the first side surface of the substrate, a part positioned on the second side surface of the substrate and a part positioned on the third side surface of the substrate;
converter electrode wires connected to the converter and including a portion on the first side surface of the substrate, a portion on the second side surface of the substrate, and a portion on the third side surface of the substrate;
a post-processor electrode line connected to the post-processor, including a portion on the first side surface of the substrate, a portion on the second side surface of the substrate, and a portion on the third side surface of the substrate;
wherein the second side surface of the substrate is adjacent to the first side surface of the substrate and the third side surface of the substrate is opposite to the first side surface of the substrate.
An encryption apparatus, comprising: the encryption chip is positioned on the first side surface of the substrate of the quantum random number generator, is connected with the output end of the signal processor of the quantum random number generator, and is used for inputting the quantum random number output by the signal processor of the quantum random number generator to encrypt the quantum random number.
Optionally, the method further includes: and the encrypted chip electrode wire is connected with the encrypted chip and comprises a part positioned on the first side surface of the substrate, a part positioned on the second side surface of the substrate and a part positioned on the third side surface of the substrate, wherein the second side surface of the substrate is adjacent to the first side surface of the substrate, and the third side surface of the substrate is opposite to the first side surface of the substrate.
Optionally, the encryption chip is a cipher device having at least one of a block cipher algorithm, an elliptic curve public key cipher algorithm, a symmetric cipher algorithm, and an asymmetric cipher algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: the device comprises a substrate, a spontaneous radiation source, a detector and a signal processor, wherein the spontaneous radiation source emits a spontaneous radiation optical signal, the detector outputs a first voltage signal based on the intensity of the spontaneous radiation optical signal, and the signal processor outputs a quantum random number based on the first voltage signal so that the quantum random number generator outputs the quantum random number. Wherein, spontaneous emission is a typical quantum physics phenomenon, and the intensity variation of the spontaneous emission optical signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source is unpredictable, so that the quantum random number output based on the intensity of the spontaneous emission optical signal has true randomness, and further the quantum random number output by the quantum random number generator has true randomness.
In addition, the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application outputs the quantum random number with true randomness based on the spontaneous radiation optical signal emitted by the spontaneous radiation source, compared with the traditional quantum random number generator, the quantum random number generator does not need expensive devices such as a quantum entanglement source and a single photon detector, the cost of the quantum random number generator can be effectively reduced, the cost of the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application is lower, the practical application of the quantum random number generator is facilitated, and the acquisition of the quantum random number with true randomness is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a quantum random number generator according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of another quantum random number generator provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a quantum random number generator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a top view of yet another quantum random number generator provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another quantum random number generator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third side surface of a substrate of a quantum random number generator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a top view of yet another quantum random number generator provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a top view of yet another quantum random number generator provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of yet another quantum random number generator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a third side surface of a substrate for quantum random numbers according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a workflow of a quantum random number generator according to an embodiment of the present application;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the protection of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
As described in the background section, it is important to provide a random number generator capable of generating random numbers with true randomness, and it has become a research focus of those skilled in the art to provide a quantum random number generator with higher utility.
At present, the existing random number generators are classified into two categories, namely a pseudo-random number generator and a physical random number generator, wherein the pseudo-random number generator takes external information which can be acquired at system time and the like as seeds, and the random number is output by a computer and other equipment based on a preset mathematical algorithm. The pseudo-random number generator can stably output a pseudo-random number sequence at an extremely fast speed, and the statistical characteristics of random numbers generated by the random number generator are ensured by a preset mathematical algorithm, so that a typical randomness test is met. However, since the random number output by the pseudo-random number generator is generated by external information which can be acquired and a preset mathematical algorithm which is determined, and the randomness of the random number output by the pseudo-random number generator is only determined by the randomness of the input seed, when the pseudo-random number generator is frequently used, the prediction of the random number output by the random number generator can be realized by performing statistical analysis on the output random number, so that the random number generated by the random number generator has certainty and is in risk of being illegally known.
However, physical random number generators differ in that the source of randomness of the random numbers generated by the physical random number generators is some objective physical phenomenon of undetermined type, including atmospheric noise, electronic noise, circuit jitter, etc., which generates random numbers based on detecting these undetermined objective physical phenomena. If the detected objective physical phenomenon is a quantum phenomenon, the physical random number generator is also called a quantum random number generator, and the random number output by the quantum random number generator is a quantum random number, wherein the quantum phenomenon comprises vacuum fluctuation, phase noise, radiation decay, spontaneous radiation and the like. The quantum random number output by the quantum random number generator is generated by detecting a quantum physical process, and the change of the quantum physical process is unpredictable and has true randomness, so that the quantum random number output by the quantum random number generator has the true randomness and cannot be analyzed and predicted, and the quantum random number generator is an ideal random number generator.
Generally, the conventional quantum random number generator includes expensive discrete components such as a quantum entanglement source and a single photon detector, so that the cost of the conventional quantum random number generator is high, the practical application of the quantum random number generator is limited, and the acquisition of the true random number is not facilitated.
In addition, the large size of the elements such as the quantum entanglement source and the single photon detector leads to the large size of the traditional quantum random number generator with the elements such as the quantum entanglement source and the single photon detector, and further leads to the large power consumption of the traditional quantum random number generator, which is not beneficial to the practical application of the traditional quantum random number generator.
In addition, the traditional quantum random number generator comprises a quantum entanglement source and a single photon detector which are large in size, and the working process of the quantum random number generator is influenced by external environment changes, so that the quantum random number generator is influenced to output quantum random numbers. For example, when the local temperature of the external environment changes, the quantum random number generator has a large volume, and the temperature changes of the elements in the quantum random number generator are different, so that the working influence on the elements is different, the working states of the elements in the quantum random number generator are different, the working stability of the quantum random number generator is influenced, and the output of the quantum random number is influenced.
Based on this, the present application provides a quantum random number generator, as shown in fig. 1, including:
a substrate 10; optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the material of the substrate may be ceramic or plastic, but the present application does not limit this, as the case may be.
A spontaneous emission source 20 disposed on a first side surface of the substrate 10, the spontaneous emission source 20 generating a spontaneous emission light signal;
a detector 30 located on a first side surface of the substrate 10, wherein the detector 30 outputs a first voltage signal based on the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal emitted from the spontaneous emission source 20, and the first voltage signal is an analog voltage signal;
and the signal processor 40 is positioned on the first side surface of the substrate 10, and the input end of the signal processor 40 is connected with the output end of the detector 30, inputs the first voltage signal and outputs a quantum random number based on the first voltage signal.
It should be noted that spontaneous emission is a classical quantum phenomenon, and generally exists in the photoelectric effect process of semiconductor materials. The specific process of spontaneous emission is as follows: under the action of electric pumping, electrons in the semiconductor material at a low energy level are transited to a high energy level, and the electrons transited to the high energy level fall back to the low energy level from the high energy level at any time to generate photons, so that spontaneous radiation is generated. Since the electrons that transition to the high energy level will transition from the high energy level to the low energy level at any time to generate photons, the generation of photons is random and unpredictable, so that the intensity variation of the beam generated by spontaneous radiation is random and unpredictable, and thus random numbers with true randomness can be generated according to the detected intensity fluctuation of the spontaneous radiation optical signal by detecting the intensity fluctuation of the beam generated by spontaneous radiation.
Specifically, in this embodiment of the present application, the quantum random number generator includes a spontaneous emission source, the spontaneous emission source emits a spontaneous emission light signal, the detector is capable of detecting the spontaneous emission light signal and outputting a first voltage signal according to the detected intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal, and the signal processor is connected to the detector, inputs the first voltage signal, and is capable of outputting a quantum random number based on the input first voltage signal. Since the first voltage signal is generated by the detector according to the intensity of the detected spontaneous emission light signal, and the detector detects the spontaneous emission light signal without a change in the external environment, the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal detected by the detector is only related to the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source, so that the first voltage signal varies with the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source. The intensity fluctuation of the light beam generated by the spontaneous radiation is known to be unpredictable and have true randomness, so that the quantum random number output by the signal processor based on the first voltage signal has true randomness, and the quantum random number output by the quantum random number generator has true randomness, namely the quantum random number output by the quantum random number generator has good quality.
Moreover, the random number with true randomness output by the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application is generated based on the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source. Compared with the traditional quantum random number generator, the quantum random number generator does not need expensive elements such as a quantum entanglement source and a single photon detector, so that the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application has low cost, and is beneficial to the practical application of the quantum random number generator and further beneficial to the acquisition of true random numbers.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the spontaneous radiation source may be an electro-optic diode chip or a super-radiation electro-optic diode chip, but the present application does not limit this, and in other embodiments of the present application, the spontaneous radiation source may also be other spontaneous radiation sources capable of emitting spontaneous radiation optical signals, as the case may be.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the spontaneous radiation source is an electro-optic diode chip or a super-radiation electro-optic diode chip, and it is known that the cost of the electro-optic diode chip and the cost of the super-radiation electro-optic diode chip are low, so that the cost of the quantum random number generator provided in the embodiment of the present application is low, which is beneficial to the practical application of the quantum random number generator. The volume of the quantum random number generator is reduced, so that the volume of the quantum random number generator is small, the quantum random number generator is smaller than the volume of a traditional quantum random number generator, the power consumption of the quantum random number generator is reduced, the practical application of the quantum random number generator is facilitated, and the development and the application field of the quantum random number generator are promoted to be widened.
In addition, the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application has a small volume, is integrated on the same substrate, and does not have discrete elements with a large volume, so that the quantum random number generator has a small volume. Compared with the traditional quantum random number generator, the quantum random number generator in the embodiment of the application has smaller volume, and when the external environment changes, the external environment changes the same influence on each element in the quantum random number generator, so that even if the external environment changes, the external environment changes the same influence on each element in the quantum random number generator, the quantum random number generator can also maintain the same working state of each element to a certain extent, further effectively reduce the influence on the quantum random number generator by the external environment, is favorable for improving the stability of the quantum random number generator, and has higher stability. For example, when the external environment temperature changes, the influence of the external environment temperature on each element in the quantum random number generator is the same, if the external environment temperature rises, the temperature of each element in the quantum random number generator rises, and if the external environment temperature falls, the temperature of each element in the quantum random number generator falls, so that when the external environment temperature changes, the influence on each element in the quantum random number generator is the same, and the stability of the quantum random number generator is improved.
It should be noted that, in general, the random number output by the signal processor is obtained from a digital signal, so that in order to enable the signal processor to output a quantum random number based on the first voltage signal, the signal processor needs to convert the first voltage signal into a digital voltage signal and output a random number based on the digital signal formed by conversion. On the basis of the above-described embodiment, therefore, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in figure 2, the signal processor 40 comprises a transducer 41 and a post processor 42 on a first side surface of the substrate, wherein the input terminal of the converter 41 is connected to the output terminal of the detector 30, and the first voltage signal is input, the converter 41 is configured to output the second voltage signal based on the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal is a digital voltage signal, the input terminal of the post-processor 42 is connected to the output terminal of the converter 41, the second voltage signal is input, the post-processor 42 is capable of outputting the quantum random number based on the second voltage signal, thereby enabling the signal processor to output the quantum random number based on the first voltage signal, thereby enabling the quantum random number generator to output the quantum random number.
It should be noted that the second voltage signal output by the converter is an initial quantum random number, a preset compression algorithm is stored in the post-processor, the converter outputs the initial quantum random number and inputs the initial quantum random number into the post-processor, and the post-processor invokes the preset compression algorithm to perform post-processing on the initial quantum random number to form and output the quantum random number. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the type of the preset compression algorithm in the post-processor is not limited, and a corresponding compression algorithm may be preset according to an actual requirement, which is specifically determined according to a situation.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the converter may be an analog-to-digital converter or a comparator, but the present application does not limit this, and in other embodiments of the present application, the converter may also be other components capable of converting the first voltage signal into the second voltage signal, as the case may be. Optionally, in an embodiment of the present Application, the post-processor may be an Application Specific Integrated Circuit chip (ASIC chip for short) or a Field Programmable Gate Array chip (FPGA chip for short), but the present Application does not limit this to any Specific case.
On the basis of the above embodiments, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the quantum random number generator further includes: a housing 50, wherein the housing 50 is located on the first side surface of the substrate 10, the spontaneous emission source 20, the detector 30 and the signal processor 40 are located in the housing 50, and are used as shielding housings for the spontaneous emission source 20, the detector 30 and the signal processor 40, so as to complete the packaging of the quantum random number generator, prevent the external environment from influencing the quantum random number generator to a certain extent, and help to enable the quantum random number generator to output random numbers with true randomness based on the spontaneous emission light signals emitted by the spontaneous emission source.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the material of the housing may be metal or plastic, but the present application does not limit this, as the case may be.
It should be noted that, the spontaneous emission source is usually a surface light source, the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source is transmitted to all directions of the spontaneous emission source, and usually the detector is located at one side of the spontaneous emission source, and can only receive a part of the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source, if the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source is weak, the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal detected by the detector will be weaker, which is not favorable for the detector to detect the fluctuation of the spontaneous emission light signal, and is thus not favorable for the quantum random number generator to output quantum random numbers. Therefore, in order to make the detector receive as much of the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source as possible, and make the detector sensitively detect the fluctuation of the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal, on the basis of the above embodiment, in an embodiment of the present application, the first side surface of the housing faces the first side surface of the substrate, and the first side surface of the housing is a frosted surface, so that when the spontaneous emission light signal emitted by the spontaneous emission light source is irradiated onto the first side surface of the housing, the spontaneous emission light signal irradiated onto the first side surface of the housing will be reflected in all directions by diffuse reflection on the first side surface of the housing, so that a part of the spontaneous emission light signal is transmitted to the detector and detected by the detector, the detector can detect the spontaneous emission optical signal directly transmitted to the detector and the spontaneous emission optical signal reflected to the detector by the shell, so that the spontaneous emission optical signal detected by the detector is increased, the detector can sensitively detect the fluctuation of the spontaneous emission optical signal intensity, and the quantum random number generator can output quantum random numbers according to the fluctuation of the spontaneous emission optical signal intensity detected by the detector.
On the basis of the above embodiments, in an embodiment of the present application, in order to enable the spontaneous emission source, the detector and the signal processor on the first side surface of the substrate to be connected with other components in an encapsulated state, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the quantum random number generator further includes: a spontaneous radiation source electrode line 21, wherein the spontaneous radiation source electrode line 21 is connected with the spontaneous radiation source 20 and comprises a part 211 positioned on the first side surface of the substrate 10, a part 212 positioned on the second side surface of the substrate 10 and a part 213 positioned on the third side surface of the substrate 10; a probe electrode line 22, wherein the probe electrode line 22 is connected to the probe 30 and comprises a portion 221 located on the first side surface of the substrate 10, a portion 222 located on the second side surface of the substrate 10, and a portion 223 located on the third side surface of the substrate 10; a converter electrode line 23, the converter electrode line 23 being connected to the converter 41, and including a portion 231 located on a first side surface of the substrate 10, a portion 231 located on a second side surface of the substrate 10, and a portion 233 located on a third side surface of the substrate 10; a post-processor electrode line 24, the post-processor electrode line 24 being connected to the post-processor 42, and including a portion 241 located on the first side surface of the substrate 10, a portion 242 located on the second side surface of the substrate 10, and a portion 243 located on the third side surface of the substrate 10; wherein the second side surface of the substrate 10 is adjacent to the first side surface of the substrate 10, and the third side surface of the substrate 10 is opposite to the first side surface of the substrate 10, so that the spontaneous radiation source 20, the detector 30 and the signal processor 40 on the first side surface of the substrate 10 can be connected with other elements, and further, the spontaneous radiation source 20, the detector 30 and the signal processor 40 on the first side surface of the substrate 10 can be connected with other elements in a packaged state.
Optionally, the spontaneous radiation source electrode line, the detector electrode line, the converter electrode line, and the post-processor electrode line are formed on the substrate through a metal sputtering process, and it should be noted that the spontaneous radiation source electrode line, the detector electrode line, the converter electrode line, and the post-processor electrode line need to be arranged on the substrate in advance, and are arranged in advance before the spontaneous radiation source, the detector, the converter, and the post-processor are arranged, so as to prevent an electrode line forming process from affecting the spontaneous radiation source, the detector, the converter, and the post-processor.
Correspondingly, an encryption device is further provided, as shown in fig. 7, the encryption device includes an encryption chip 60 and the quantum random number generator according to any of the above embodiments, where the encryption chip 60 is located on the first side surface of the substrate 10 of the quantum random number generator, and is connected to the output end of the signal processor 40 of the quantum random number generator, and the quantum random number output by the signal processor 40 of the quantum random number generator is input to encrypt the quantum random number. It should be noted that the quantum random number generator has been described in detail in any of the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.
In addition to the above embodiments, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the encryption device further includes: and the encryption chip electrode line 61, the encryption chip electrode line 61 is connected to the encryption chip 60, and the encryption chip electrode line 61 includes a portion 611 located on the first side surface of the substrate 10, a portion 612 located on the second side surface of the substrate 10, and a portion 613 located on the third side surface of the substrate 10, wherein the second side surface of the substrate 10 is adjacent to the first side surface of the substrate 10, and the third side surface of the substrate 10 is opposite to the first side surface of the substrate 10, so that the encryption chip 60 can be connected to other elements, thereby ensuring the operation of the encryption chip.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the cryptographic chip is a scrambler having at least one of a block cipher algorithm, an elliptic curve public key cipher algorithm, a symmetric cipher algorithm, and an asymmetric cipher algorithm. However, the present application is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
It should be noted that, the quantum random number generator provided in the embodiments of the present application may include other elements, such as a transimpedance amplifier, a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, etc., in addition to the above elements, according to specific operation requirements of the quantum random number generator, and in a packaging process of the quantum random number generator, other electrode line arrangements may exist, which all belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.
In order to clearly understand the specific operation process of the quantum random number generator, the specific operation process of the quantum random number generator will be described in detail below.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 is a flowchart of the operation of the quantum random number generator, and when the quantum random number generator specifically operates: the spontaneous emission source emits a spontaneous emission light signal, the intensity fluctuation of the spontaneous emission light signal has true randomness, and the detector detects the spontaneous emission light signal, wherein the spontaneous emission light signal detected by the detector comprises a spontaneous emission light signal directly transmitted to the detector and a spontaneous emission light signal diffusely reflected by the shell to the detector, the detector outputs a first voltage signal based on the detected spontaneous emission light signal, the intensity of the first voltage signal varies with the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal, the converter is connected with the output end of the detector, inputs the first voltage signal output by the detector, converts the first voltage signal into a digital voltage signal, and outputs a second voltage signal, and the second voltage signal is an initial quantum random number, the input end of the post-processor is connected with the output end of the converter, the second voltage signal is input, namely the initial quantum random number is input, the post-processor calls a preset compression algorithm, post-processing is carried out on the initial quantum random number to obtain the quantum random number, and finally the quantum random number is output.
Correspondingly, the specific working process of the encryption device is as follows: and outputting the quantum random number through the quantum random number generator, and encrypting the quantum random number through an encryption chip. It should be noted that, the specific working process of the quantum random number generator has been described in detail, and is not described herein again.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides a quantum random number generator and an encryption apparatus including the quantum random number generator, where the quantum random number generator includes: the device comprises a substrate, a spontaneous radiation source, a detector and a signal processor, wherein the spontaneous radiation source emits a spontaneous radiation optical signal, the detector outputs a first voltage signal based on the intensity of the spontaneous radiation optical signal emitted by the spontaneous radiation source, and the signal processor outputs a quantum random number based on the first voltage signal, so that the quantum random number generator outputs the quantum random number. Spontaneous emission is a typical quantum physical phenomenon, and the intensity variation of the spontaneous emission optical signal emitted by the spontaneous emission source is unpredictable, so that the quantum random number output based on the intensity of the spontaneous emission optical signal has true randomness, and further the quantum random number output by the quantum random number generator has true randomness.
In addition, the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application outputs the quantum random number with true randomness based on the spontaneous radiation optical signal emitted by the spontaneous radiation source, compared with the traditional quantum random number generator, the quantum random number generator does not need expensive devices such as a quantum entanglement source and a single photon detector, the cost of the quantum random number generator can be effectively reduced, the cost of the quantum random number generator provided by the embodiment of the application is lower, the practical application of the quantum random number generator is facilitated, and the acquisition of the quantum random number with true randomness is facilitated.
In addition, the embodiment of the application provides a quantum random number generator and an encryption device comprising the quantum random number generator, wherein the spontaneous radiation source of the quantum random number generator is an electro-optic diode chip or a super-radiation electro-optic diode chip, so that the volume and the cost provided by the embodiment of the application are small, the practical application of the quantum random number generator is facilitated, the power consumption of the quantum random number generator is reduced, meanwhile, the influence of the external environment on the quantum random number generator can be effectively reduced, and the stability of the quantum random number generator is facilitated to be improved.
All parts in the specification are described in a mode of combining parallel and progressive, each part is mainly described to be different from other parts, and the same and similar parts among all parts can be referred to each other.
In the above description of the disclosed embodiments, features described in various embodiments in this specification can be substituted for or combined with each other to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A quantum random number generator, comprising:
a substrate;
a spontaneous radiation source located on the first side surface of the substrate, the spontaneous radiation source emitting a spontaneous radiation optical signal;
a detector on the first side surface of the substrate, the detector outputting a first voltage signal based on the intensity of the spontaneous emission light signal, the first voltage signal being an analog voltage signal;
and the input end of the signal processor is connected with the output end of the detector, the first voltage signal is input, and a quantum random number is output based on the first voltage signal.
2. A quantum random number generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the spontaneous radiation source is an electro-optic diode chip or a superradiative electro-optic diode chip.
3. A quantum random number generator as recited in claim 1, wherein said signal processor comprises a transducer and a post processor located on a first side surface of said substrate;
the input end of the converter is connected with the output end of the detector, the first voltage signal is input, and a second voltage signal is output based on the first voltage signal and is a digital voltage signal;
and the input end of the post processor is connected with the output end of the converter, the second voltage signal is input, and the quantum random number is output based on the second voltage signal.
4. A quantum random number generator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the converter is an analog to digital converter or a comparator; the post-processor is an application specific integrated circuit chip or a field programmable gate array chip.
5. The quantum random number generator of claim 1, further comprising: a housing located on a first side surface of the substrate, the spontaneous radiation source, the detector, and the signal processor being located within the housing.
6. The quantum random number generator of claim 5, wherein the first side surface of the housing faces the substrate first side surface and the first side surface of the housing is a frosted surface.
7. A quantum random number generator as recited in claim 3, further comprising:
the spontaneous radiation source electrode wire is connected with the spontaneous radiation source and comprises a part positioned on the first side surface of the substrate, a part positioned on the second side surface of the substrate and a part positioned on the third side surface of the substrate;
the detector electrode wire is connected with the detector and comprises a part positioned on the first side surface of the substrate, a part positioned on the second side surface of the substrate and a part positioned on the third side surface of the substrate;
converter electrode wires connected to the converter and including a portion on the first side surface of the substrate, a portion on the second side surface of the substrate, and a portion on the third side surface of the substrate;
a post-processor electrode line connected to the post-processor, including a portion on the first side surface of the substrate, a portion on the second side surface of the substrate, and a portion on the third side surface of the substrate;
wherein the second side surface of the substrate is adjacent to the first side surface of the substrate and the third side surface of the substrate is opposite to the first side surface of the substrate.
8. An encryption apparatus, comprising: the quantum random number generator of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the cryptographic chip is disposed on the first side surface of the substrate of the quantum random number generator, and is connected to the output end of the signal processor of the quantum random number generator, and the quantum random number output by the signal processor of the quantum random number generator is input to encrypt the quantum random number.
9. The encryption device of claim 8, further comprising: and the encrypted chip electrode wire is connected with the encrypted chip and comprises a part positioned on the first side surface of the substrate, a part positioned on the second side surface of the substrate and a part positioned on the third side surface of the substrate, wherein the second side surface of the substrate is adjacent to the first side surface of the substrate, and the third side surface of the substrate is opposite to the first side surface of the substrate.
10. The encryption device of claim 9, wherein the encryption chip is a cipher with at least one of a block cipher algorithm, an elliptic curve public key cipher algorithm, a symmetric cipher algorithm, and an asymmetric cipher algorithm.
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