CN215693078U - Hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system - Google Patents
Hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215693078U CN215693078U CN202120433634.1U CN202120433634U CN215693078U CN 215693078 U CN215693078 U CN 215693078U CN 202120433634 U CN202120433634 U CN 202120433634U CN 215693078 U CN215693078 U CN 215693078U
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Abstract
The application discloses hydrogen sulfide acid gas processing system belongs to the oil gas equipment field. The system comprises a Claus sulfur recovery device, a gas component detection and regulation component and a sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device. The low concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas reacts in the Claus sulfur recovery device, the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device carries out the absorption and regeneration of sulfur dioxide to the gas of deriving, and the gas that is rich in sulfur dioxide after will regenerating lets in the Claus recovery device and discharges qualified tail gas. The gas component detection and adjustment assembly can adjust the air quantity provided by the air providing assembly so as to treat the hydrogen sulfide acid gas with different concentrations, and further treat and recycle the untreated gas through the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device, thereby realizing the effect of treating the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas. The problem that the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is difficult to treat in the related technology is solved, and the effect of treating the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of oil and gas equipment, in particular to a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system.
Background
In the petroleum industry, the produced natural gas often comprises sour gas containing hydrogen sulfide, and the gas directly introduced into the atmosphere causes great harm to the environment. At present, the sour gas containing hydrogen sulfide is generally subjected to sulfur recovery treatment, so that the sour gas is converted into non-toxic and harmless gas to be discharged.
At present, a hydrogen sulfide acid gas processing apparatus, including the one-level reaction unit, second grade reaction unit and the exhaust subassembly that connect gradually, in the one-level reaction unit, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen take place to react and generate sulfur dioxide and vapor, and in the second grade reaction unit, hydrogen sulfide reacts with sulfur dioxide under the effect of catalyst and generates elementary sulfur substance and vapor. The gas treated by the secondary reaction unit is discharged through the exhaust assembly, so that the effect of consuming hydrogen sulfide is achieved.
However, when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas is low, the first-stage reaction unit often has an unstable reaction phenomenon, and thus the treatment effect on the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system. The technical scheme is as follows:
according to a first aspect of the present application, a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system is provided. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system comprises a Claus sulfur recovery device, a gas component detection and adjustment assembly and a sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device;
the Claus sulfur recovery device comprises an air supply assembly, a first reaction assembly and a recovery assembly, wherein the first reaction assembly is provided with a hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet, an air inlet and a first reaction gas outlet, the recovery assembly is provided with a first reaction gas inlet and a first recovery gas outlet, the first reaction gas inlet is connected with the first reaction gas outlet, and the air supply assembly is installed at the air inlet;
the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device comprises a second reaction component and a sulfur dioxide extraction component, the second reaction component comprises a second recovery gas inlet and a second reaction gas outlet, the second recovery gas inlet is connected with the first recovery gas outlet, the sulfur dioxide extraction component comprises a second reaction gas inlet, a tail gas discharge outlet and a sulfur dioxide outlet, the second reaction gas inlet is connected with the second reaction gas outlet, and the sulfur dioxide outlet is connected with the first reaction gas inlet;
the gas component detection and adjustment assembly comprises a detection pipeline and a gas component detector positioned on the detection pipeline, one end of the detection pipeline is connected with the first recycled gas outlet, the other end of the detection pipeline is connected with the second recycled gas inlet, and the gas component detection and adjustment assembly is electrically connected with the air supply assembly.
Optionally, the recovery assembly comprises three condensers, two heaters and two claus reactors in series;
one heater and one claus reactor are arranged between any two adjacent condensers.
Optionally, the first reaction assembly comprises a first combustion furnace, the hydrogen sulfide gas inlet, the air inlet and the first reaction gas outlet are located on the first combustion furnace, and the temperature in the first combustion furnace is greater than or equal to 927 ℃.
Optionally, the second reaction assembly includes a second combustion furnace, the second recycle gas inlet and the second reaction gas outlet are located on the second combustion furnace, and a temperature in the second combustion furnace is between 800 degrees celsius and 850 degrees celsius.
Optionally, the sulfur dioxide extraction assembly comprises a quench tower, an electric demister, an absorption tower, a lean rich absorbent heat exchanger, and a regeneration tower in series, the second reaction gas inlet is located on the quench tower, the tail gas discharge outlet is located on the absorption tower, and the sulfur dioxide outlet is located on the regeneration tower.
Optionally, the gas component detection and adjustment assembly further comprises a concentration detector, the concentration detector is positioned at the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet, the concentration detector sends a first signal to the gas component detector when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen sulfide acid gas entering from the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet is smaller than a specified value, and the concentration detector sends a second signal to the gas component detector when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen sulfide acid gas entering from the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet is greater than or equal to the specified value;
the gas component detector detects the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection pipeline and sends a third signal to the air supply assembly when receiving the first signal, the air supply assembly increases the amount of air injected into the air inlet when receiving the third signal so that the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection pipeline is less than 2,
the gas composition detector sends a fourth signal to the air supply assembly upon receiving the second signal, and the air supply assembly reduces the amount of air injected into the air inlet upon receiving the fourth signal so that the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection conduit is equal to 2.
Optionally, the sulfur dioxide extraction assembly further comprises a tail gas reheater and an exhaust stack;
the exhaust emission outlet is connected with one end of the exhaust reheater, the other end of the exhaust reheater is connected with one end of the exhaust funnel, and the other end of the exhaust funnel is communicated with the external environment.
Optionally, the absorption tower comprises an absorption tower gas inlet, an absorption tower liquid inlet and an absorption tower liquid outlet;
the lean-rich absorbent heat exchanger comprises a lean liquid channel and a rich liquid channel, a liquid inlet of the absorption tower is connected with one end of the lean liquid channel, and a liquid outlet of the absorption tower is connected with one end of the rich liquid channel;
the regeneration tower comprises a regeneration tower liquid inlet and a regeneration tower liquid outlet, the regeneration tower liquid inlet is connected with the other end of the rich liquid channel, and the regeneration tower liquid outlet is connected with the other end of the lean liquid channel;
and the air inlet of the absorption tower is connected with the electric demister.
Optionally, the hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system further comprises a first reaction pipe and a circulation pipe, wherein the first reaction pipe is connected with the first reaction gas outlet;
one end of the circulating pipe is connected with the sulfur dioxide outlet, the other end of the circulating pipe is positioned in the first reaction pipe, and the opening of the other end of the circulating pipe faces the first reaction gas inlet.
Optionally, the first reaction module further includes a first exhaust-heat boiler, the second reaction module further includes a second exhaust-heat boiler, and the first exhaust-heat boiler and the second exhaust-heat boiler are respectively installed on the first combustion furnace and the second combustion furnace.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:
a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system is provided, which comprises a Claus sulfur recovery device, a gas component detection and adjustment assembly and a sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device. The low concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas takes place the reaction in claus sulphur recovery unit's first reaction assembly, and then through retrieving the subassembly and carry out the retreatment and will handle the gaseous direction sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit after, sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit carries out sulfur dioxide's absorption and regeneration to the gas that retrieves the subassembly and derives, lets in claus recovery unit and discharges qualified tail gas with the gas that is rich in sulfur dioxide after will regenerating. The gas component detection and adjustment assembly can adjust the air quantity provided by the air supply assembly so as to efficiently process the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas, further process and recover the untreated gas through the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device, and realize the effect of processing the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas. The problem that the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is difficult to treat in the related technology is solved, and the effect of treating the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic partial view of a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
With the above figures, there are shown specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any manner, but rather to illustrate the inventive concepts to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the related art, for the treatment of a low concentration of hydrogen sulfide acid gas, there are the following apparatuses: the first device comprises: the Claus sulfur recovery and reduction absorption process is mainly characterized in that the tail gas containing sulfur is subjected to hydrogenation treatment to convert sulfur-containing compounds in various forms in the tail gas into H2S, cooling, desulfurizing by alcohol amine solvent, and concentrating the concentrated H2S returns to an upstream acid gas treatment device to recover elemental sulfur, and the most representative process is the SCOT process developed by Shell company of the Netherlands. The process can further improve the sulfur recovery rate compared with the conventional or low-temperature Claus sulfur recovery process, but can not meet the requirement of SO2The discharge concentration is less than 400mg/Nm3(ii) a The process has long flow, and if the reduction of the tail gas hydrogenation section is not complete, sulfur dioxide penetrates through the tail gas hydrogenation section, so that downstream equipment is easily and seriously corroded.
A second device: the claus recovery unit is combined with an alkaline washing desulfurization unit. The low hydrogen sulphide gas undergoes a Claus oxidation reaction (H) in a Claus recovery unit2S+1.5O2＝SO2+H2O) and Claus-catalyzed reaction (SO)2+2H2S＝3S+2H2O), the alkali wash desulphurization unit includes alkali liquor, and sulfur dioxide and other acidic sulfides in the tail gas derived from the claus recovery unit are absorbed by the alkali liquor (chemical reaction equation: SO (SO)2+2NaOH (excess) ═ Na2SO3+H2O). Because acid-base neutralization reaction occurs in the alkali washing desulfurization device, sulfur dioxide is converted into salt substances to exist, and the generated wastewater can cause the problem that secondary pollutants are difficult to treat.
In addition, if the two process technologies are used for treating the acid gas with low hydrogen sulfide concentration, an acid gas concentration device is often required to be additionally arranged, so that the process flow is longer, and the investment and the occupied area are increased.
A third device: a liquid phase oxidation device. The liquid-phase oxidation device comprises a complex iron solution, the complex iron solution is used for oxidizing the hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas into elemental sulfur, and finally the elemental sulfur is produced in the form of a hydrous sulfur filter cake. However, the purity of the sulfur which is the target product of the device is low, and the device can be blocked by sulfur particles in the operation process, so that the device is difficult to operate stably, and the treatment effect is poor.
On the other hand, acid gas treatment for low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide has been a difficult problem with claus sulfur recovery processes. In order to enable the claus sulfur recovery device to normally operate under the acid gas condition of low-concentration hydrogen sulfide, methods of acid gas diversion and acid gas preheating are generally adopted, but if the acid gas containing impurities which easily cause catalyst poisoning such as heavy hydrocarbon is treated, the downstream catalyst is easily damaged due to too large acid gas diversion amount, and the stable operation of the device is seriously influenced. In addition, there are methods of using oxygen-enriched air to feed into the main combustion furnace for reaction, or using fuel gas (methane or other hydrocarbons, hydrogen) to co-combust acid gas. The former is limited by the source of oxygen-enriched air, and is mainly applied to factories with oxygen sources, such as coal chemical industry and the like; the long-term co-combustion fuel gas has higher operation requirement on the air distribution of the main combustion furnace, is easy to generate catalyst poisoning or black sulfur, and is not suitable for long-term operation of the Claus sulfur recovery device.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system includes a claus sulfur recovery unit 11, a gas component detection and regulation component 12, and a sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration unit 13.
The claus sulfur recovery unit 11 comprises an air supply module 111, a first reaction module 112 and a recovery module 113. The first reaction assembly 112 has a hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet 112a, an air inlet 112b and a first reaction gas outlet 112 c; the recycling assembly 113 has a first reactive gas inlet 113a and a first recycled gas outlet 113b, and the first reactive gas inlet 113a is connected to the first reactive gas outlet 112 c; the air supply unit 111 is installed at the air inlet 112 b.
The air supply module 111, the first reaction module 112 and the recovery module 113 are connected by a pipeline S. The outside air enters the first reaction module 112 through the air inlet 112b to perform a first reaction, i.e. the outside air reacts with the hydrogen sulfide acid gas entering through the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet 112a to generate sulfur dioxide and water (reaction equation: H)2S+1.5O2＝SO2+H2O), sulfur dioxide and water are generated. A first reaction gas (the first reaction gas is a mixed gas derived from the first reaction gas outlet 112c and may contain hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, elemental sulfur, carbon dioxide and elemental sulfur) obtained after the reaction in the first reaction component 112 enters the recovery component 113 through the first reaction gas inlet 113a, and a second reaction occurs in the recovery component 113, that is, the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide generate elemental sulfur and water under the action of a catalyst (reaction equation: SO)2+2H2S＝3S+2H2O). Meanwhile, the recovery component 113 recovers elemental sulfur generated by the reaction, and guides a second reaction gas (the second reaction gas is a mixed gas discharged through the first recovery gas outlet 113b, and may contain hydrogen sulfide gas, sulfur dioxide gas, a small amount of elemental sulfur, carbon dioxide gas, and water vapor) to the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device 13 through the first recovery gas outlet 113 b.
The sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device 13 includes a second reaction component 131 and a sulfur dioxide extraction component 132, the second reaction component 131 includes a second recycle gas inlet 131a and a second reaction gas outlet 131b, the second recycle gas inlet 131a is connected with the first recycle gas outlet 113b, the sulfur dioxide extraction component 132 includes a second reaction gas inlet 132a, a tail gas emission outlet 132b and a sulfur dioxide outlet 132c, the second reaction gas inlet 132a is connected with the second reaction gas outlet 131b, and the sulfur dioxide outlet 132c is connected with the first reaction gas inlet 132 a. The second reaction gas is subjected to a third reaction in the second reaction module 131, i.e., the sulfur-containing compound reacts with oxygen to generate sulfur dioxide (reaction equation: S + O)2＝SO2) The reacted third reaction gas (the third reaction gas is a mixed gas containing a large amount of sulfur dioxide, a small amount of carbon dioxide, a small amount of sulfur trioxide, and water vapor) is led out through the second reaction gas outlet 131 b. The sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device 13 performs separation treatment on the third reaction gas, so that the sulfur dioxide gas enters the first reaction gas inlet 132a through the sulfur dioxide outlet 132c and participates in subsequent circulation; gases other than sulfur dioxide are directed to the exhaust emission outlet 132 b.
The gas component detecting and adjusting assembly 12 includes a detecting pipe 121 and a gas component detector 122 located on the detecting pipe 121, one end of the detecting pipe 122 is connected to the first recycle gas outlet 113b, the other end is connected to the second recycle gas inlet 131a, and the gas component detecting and adjusting assembly 12 is electrically connected to the air providing assembly 111. A small amount of the second reaction gas enters the gas component detector 122 through the first recovered gas outlet 113b, and the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide therein is detected by the gas component detector 122 (for example, a hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide ratio analyzer may be included in the gas component detector 122). With such a structure, the gas component detection and adjustment assembly 12 can control the air supply assembly 111 by the gas ratio of the first recycle gas.
In summary, the present application provides a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system, which includes a claus sulfur recovery device, a gas component detection and adjustment assembly, and a sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device. The low concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas takes place the reaction in claus sulphur recovery unit's first reaction assembly, and then through retrieving the subassembly and carry out the retreatment and will handle the gaseous direction sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit after, sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit carries out sulfur dioxide's absorption and regeneration to the gas that retrieves the subassembly and derives, lets in claus recovery unit and discharges qualified tail gas with the gas that is rich in sulfur dioxide after will regenerating. The gas component detection and adjustment assembly can adjust the air quantity provided by the air supply assembly so as to efficiently process the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas, and further process and recover the untreated gas through the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device, thereby realizing the effect of processing the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas. The problem that the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is difficult to treat in the related technology is solved, and the effect of treating the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is achieved.
Alternatively, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 2, in which the recovery assembly 113 includes three condensers 1131, two heaters 1132 and two claus reactors 1133 connected in series, and one heater 1132 and one claus reactor 1133 are disposed between any two adjacent condensers 1131. The product generated in the first reaction assembly 112 during the first reaction contains sulfur dioxide, a small portion of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide undergo a second reaction, i.e., elemental sulfur and water are generated, and meanwhile, the second reaction mainly occurs in the claus reactor 1133, i.e., hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide generate a large amount of elemental sulfur and water under the action of the catalyst. Three condensers 1131 connected in series are arranged in the recovery assembly 113, so that the generated elemental sulfur is recovered through the condensers 1131 to obtain liquid sulfur, and meanwhile, the heater 1132 is used for heating the condensed gas, so that the gas can stably react after entering the claus reactor 1133.
Optionally, the first reaction module 112 includes a first combustion furnace 1121, and the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet 112a, the air inlet 112b, and the first reaction gas outlet 112c are located on the first combustion furnace 1121, and the temperature in the first combustion furnace 1121 is greater than or equal to 927 degrees celsius. With such a structure, a large amount of hydrogen sulfide acid gas reacts with oxygen in the air in the first combustion furnace 1121 to generate sulfur dioxide and water, which facilitates the subsequent reaction. Meanwhile, the temperature in the first combustion furnace 1121 is set to be higher than 927 ℃, so that the hydrogen sulfide acid gas can be stably combusted, and the effect of saving energy is achieved.
Optionally, the second reaction module 131 includes a second combustion furnace 1311, the second recycle gas inlet 131a and the second reaction gas outlet 131b are located on the second combustion furnace 1311, the temperature in the second combustion furnace is between 800 degrees celsius and 850 degrees celsius, and the second reaction gas led out through the first recycle gas outlet 113b is allowed to stay in the second combustion furnace 1311 for more than one second. By adopting the structure, the second reaction gas reacts with excessive oxygen in the second combustion furnace, the sulfur-containing compound in the second reaction gas is effectively ensured to be completely converted into sulfur dioxide, and the influence of the sulfur-containing compound on the subsequent structure is avoided.
Alternatively, the sulfur dioxide extraction assembly 132 comprises a quench tower 1321, an electric demister 1322, an absorption tower 1323, a lean rich absorbent heat exchanger 1324, and a regeneration tower 1325 in series, the second reaction gas inlet 132a is located on the quench tower 1321, the tail gas discharge outlet 132b is located on the absorption tower 1323, and the sulfur dioxide outlet 132c is located on the regeneration tower 1325. The quenching tower 1321, the electric demister 1322, the absorption tower 1323, the lean rich absorbent heat exchanger 1324, and the regeneration tower 1325 are connected to each other by a pipe S.
In addition, the quenching tower is a device which sprays high-temperature gas through water to absorb heat and achieve the purpose of cooling. In the embodiment of the present application, the quenching tower 1321 is used for cooling the third reaction gas entering through the second reaction gas inlet 132a to a temperature of 30-65 ℃.
An electric demister is a device for purifying acid mist by a gas-liquid separation method. The electric demister 1322 in the embodiment of the present application is used for removing sulfur trioxide gas from the third reaction gas. Since the second reaction gas may generate a small amount of sulfur trioxide gas when reacting in the second combustion furnace 1311, the sulfur trioxide in the second reaction gas is removed by the electric demister 1322 to improve the subsequent absorption of sulfur dioxide.
The absorption tower 1323 is configured to perform absorption treatment on sulfur dioxide on the gas discharged from the electric demister 1322, and absorb the sulfur dioxide in the gas by using a sulfur dioxide absorbent (which may be an amine), so that the sulfur dioxide is dissolved in the absorbent and is converted into salts decomposable at high temperature.
The lean-rich absorbent heat exchanger is a natural gas heat exchanger containing acid gas, and is a heat exchanger for heat exchange between lean solution and rich solution to recover heat energy, wherein an absorbent in which a large amount of sulfur dioxide is dissolved is called as rich solution, and a solution from which the sulfur dioxide is stripped is called as lean solution. The barren solution and the rich solution can complete heat exchange in the barren and rich absorbent heat exchanger, and the barren solution heats the rich solution, so that the effects of recovering heat energy and saving resources are achieved. In the embodiment of the present application, the lean-rich absorbent heat exchanger 1324 can exchange heat between the rich liquid discharged from the absorption tower 1323 and the lean liquid generated in the subsequent cycle.
The regeneration tower 1325 is also called as an absorption tower, and can reduce the absorption capacity of the solvent dissolved with sulfur dioxide by heating or reducing pressure and the like, and release the sulfur dioxide therein, and the process is solvent regeneration. The regeneration tower 1325 allows the regenerated solvent to return to the absorption tower 1323 through the lean rich liquid absorbent heat exchanger 1324, and the operation is continued.
Optionally, the gas component detection and adjustment assembly 12 further includes a concentration detector located at the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet 112a, the concentration detector sending a first signal to the gas component detector 122 when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas entering at the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet 112a is less than a specified value, and the concentration detector sending a second signal to the gas component detector 122 when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas entering at the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet is greater than or equal to the specified value. Illustratively, when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas entering the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet 112a is less than 35%, the hydrogen sulfide acid gas is a low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas, and the concentration detector sends a first signal to the gas composition detector 122; when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas entering the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet 112a is greater than or equal to 35%, the hydrogen sulfide acid gas is a non-low concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas, and the concentration detector sends a second signal to the gas component detector 122.
Wherein, take place first reaction and second reaction among the Claus sulphur recovery unit, when the ratio of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide was 2 in the second reaction, hydrogen sulfide can be as much as possible turned into the elemental sulphur and retrieve. Thus, a hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide ratio of 2 in the second reaction can be achieved by controlling the oxygen content at which the first reaction occurs and burning only one third of the hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas. However, when the introduced hydrogen sulfide acid gas is low-concentration hydrogen sulfide, one third of hydrogen sulfide in the limited hydrogen sulfide acid gas cannot maintain the stable combustion temperature of the acid gas flame, so that the device is difficult to operate stably, and if excessive hydrogen sulfide is combusted, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the tail gas produced subsequently is too high.
In the embodiment of the present application, the gas component detector 122 sends a third signal to the air supply module 111 when receiving the first signal, and the air supply module 111 increases the amount of air injected into the air inlet 112b when receiving the third signal, so that the ratio of the hydrogen sulfide to the sulfur dioxide in the detection pipeline 121 is less than 2. That is, when low-concentration hydrogen sulfide is processed, the air supply module 111 increases the air injection amount to burn more than one third of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen sulfide, thereby ensuring smooth operation of the first combustion furnace 1121. The tail gas that produces is handled through recovery unit 113 to sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit 13 is absorbed to the direction, and sulfur dioxide in the sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit 13 can the efficient desorption tail gas, and will satisfy emission standard's tail gas discharge through tail gas discharge outlet 132 b. By the structure, the hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system provided by the embodiment of the application can effectively remove sulfur dioxide from low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas, and has the advantages of good treatment effect, high working efficiency and the like. The gas composition detector 122 sends a fourth signal to the air supply unit 111 when receiving the second signal, and the air supply unit 111 reduces the amount of air injected into the air inlet 112b so that the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection pipe 121 becomes equal to 2 when receiving the fourth signal. When non-low concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is processed, the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection pipeline 121 is equal to 2. I.e., one third of the hydrogen sulfide content in the hydrogen sulfide acid gas in the first combustion furnace 1121, the reaction in the first combustion furnace 1121 is smooth. Meanwhile, the generated tail gas is treated by the recovery component 113 and guided to the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device 13, the second combustion furnace in the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device 13 converts sulfur-containing substances into sulfur dioxide, and then the sulfur dioxide is removed, and the treated qualified tail gas is discharged through the tail gas discharge outlet 132 b. With the structure, the hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system provided by the embodiment of the application can not only treat hydrogen sulfide acid gas with various concentrations, but also meet the emission standard after the hydrogen sulfide acid gas with various concentrations is treated, and the environmental protection is enhanced.
The gas composition detector 122 may include a first trigger, the first signal and the second signal may be a low level signal and a high level signal, respectively, the first trigger may transmit a third signal or a fourth signal triggered by the high level signal or the low level signal, for example, the first signal is a high level signal and the second signal is a low level signal, the first trigger may transmit the third signal triggered by the first signal and transmit the fourth signal triggered by the second signal.
Similarly, the third signal may be a high signal, the fourth signal may be a low signal, and the air supply assembly 111 may include a second trigger, which may increase the amount of air injected into the air inlet 112b when triggered by the third signal and decrease the amount of air injected into the air inlet 112b when triggered by the fourth signal.
Optionally, the sulfur dioxide extraction assembly 132 further includes an exhaust reheater 1326 and an exhaust stack 1327, the exhaust emission outlet 132b is connected to one end of the exhaust reheater 1326, the other end of the exhaust reheater 1326 is connected to one end of the exhaust stack 1327, and the other end of the exhaust stack 1327 is communicated with the external environment. Referring to fig. 2, the exhaust reheater 1326 and the exhaust stack 1327 are vertically installed at the top of the absorption tower 1323, and meanwhile, the gas exhausted through the exhaust outlet 132b is heated by the exhaust reheater 1326, heated to 200 ℃, and exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust stack 1327. By adopting the structure, the moisture in the tail gas is ensured to be difficult to condense under the heating condition, so that the corrosion to the exhaust funnel 1327 is reduced; meanwhile, the tail gas reheater 1326 and the exhaust stack 1327 can be integrated, so that a traditional chimney can be omitted, and occupied land is reduced; the length of the exhaust stack 1327 can be shortened by the height of the absorption tower 1323 itself, thereby saving cost.
Optionally, the absorption tower 1323 includes an absorption tower gas inlet 1323a, an absorption tower liquid inlet 1323b and an absorption tower liquid outlet 1323c, the lean and rich absorbent heat exchanger 1324 includes a lean liquid passage 1324a and a rich liquid passage 1324b, the absorption tower liquid inlet 1323b is connected with one end of the lean liquid passage 1324a, the absorption tower liquid outlet 1323c is connected with one end of the rich liquid passage 1324b, the regeneration tower 1325 includes a regeneration tower liquid inlet 1325a and a regeneration tower liquid outlet 1325b, the regeneration tower liquid inlet 1325a is connected with the other end of the rich liquid passage 1324b, the regeneration tower liquid outlet 1325b is connected with the other end of the lean liquid passage 1324a, and the absorption tower gas inlet 1323a is connected with the electric demister 1322 through a pipe S.
The tail gas treated by the electric demister 1322 enters the absorption tower 1323 through the absorption tower air inlet 1323a, and is absorbed by a sulfur dioxide absorbent in the absorption tower 1323, so that a rich solution rich in sulfur dioxide is obtained. The rich liquid enters a rich liquid channel 1324b of the lean and rich absorbent heat exchanger 1324 through the absorption tower liquid outlet 1323c, then enters the regeneration tower 1325 through the regeneration tower liquid inlet 1325a for solvent regeneration, and the regenerated solvent returns to the absorption tower 1323 through the regeneration tower liquid outlet 1325b, the lean liquid channel 1324a and the absorption tower liquid inlet 1323b, and the tail gas in the absorption tower 1323 is continuously subjected to sulfur dioxide absorption treatment. Meanwhile, the gas with high sulfur dioxide content generated after the solvent regeneration in the regeneration tower 1325 enters the first reaction gas inlet 132a through the sulfur dioxide outlet 132c at the top of the regeneration tower 1325 to participate in the subsequent reaction.
Alternatively, fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system a provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system further includes a first reaction tube 14 and a circulation tube 15, the first reaction tube 14 is connected to the first reaction gas outlet 112c, one end of the circulation tube 15 is connected to the sulfur dioxide outlet 132c, the other end is located in the first reaction tube 14, and an opening of the other end of the circulation tube 15 faces the first reaction gas inlet 113 a. With the structure, the flow direction of the gas which is discharged from the circulating pipe 15 and contains high sulfur dioxide is the same as the flow direction of the gas in the first reaction pipe 14, so that the gas can be prevented from directly contacting the pipe wall of the first reaction pipe 14, and the corrosion to the first reaction pipe 14 is reduced.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the first reaction module 112 includes a first waste heat boiler 1122, the second reaction module 131 further includes a second waste heat boiler 1312, and the first waste heat boiler 1122 and the second waste heat boiler 1312 are respectively installed on the first combustion furnace 1121 and the second combustion furnace 1311. The first exhaust heat boiler 1122 is used to recover the exhaust heat of the gas reacted in the first combustion furnace 1121, and the second exhaust heat boiler 1312 is used to recover the exhaust heat of the gas reacted in the second combustion furnace 1311. By the structure, the temperature of gas after combustion of the combustion furnace can be quickly reduced, the subsequent condensation process is favorably participated, meanwhile, the recovered waste heat still contains larger energy, secondary circulation can be carried out or other purposes can be carried out, and not only resources are saved, but also the environmental protection requirement is met.
Optionally, the sulfur dioxide extraction assembly 132 further comprises a hot lean solution circulation pump 1328, and the hot lean solution circulation pump 1328 is disposed on the conduit S between the regeneration tower liquid outlet 1325b and the other end of the lean solution passage 1324a, and is configured to pressurize the lean solution flowing out of the regeneration tower liquid outlet 1325b so that the lean solution can enter the lean solution passage 1324a to exchange heat with the rich solution in the rich solution passage 1324 b.
Optionally, the sulfur dioxide extraction assembly 132 further comprises a lean liquid heater 1329, and the lean liquid heater 1329 is located on the pipeline S between the absorption tower inlet 1323b and one end of the lean liquid channel 1324a, and is used for re-heating the lean liquid with the temperature reduced by heat exchange of the lean rich absorbent heat exchanger 1324, so that the lean liquid enters the absorption tower 1323 at a higher temperature, and the absorption treatment of the sulfur dioxide can be performed.
In summary, the present application provides a hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system, which includes a claus sulfur recovery device, a gas component detection and adjustment assembly, and a sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device. The low concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas takes place the reaction in claus sulphur recovery unit's first reaction assembly, and then through retrieving the subassembly and carry out the retreatment and will handle the gaseous direction sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit after, sulfur dioxide absorption regenerating unit carries out sulfur dioxide's absorption and regeneration to the gas that retrieves the subassembly and derives, lets in claus recovery unit and discharges qualified tail gas with the gas that is rich in sulfur dioxide after will regenerating. The gas component detection and adjustment assembly can adjust the air quantity provided by the air providing assembly so as to treat the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas, and further treat and recycle the untreated gas through the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device, thereby realizing the effect of treating the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas. The problem that the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is difficult to treat in the related technology is solved, and the effect of treating the low-concentration hydrogen sulfide acid gas is achieved.
In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise.
The present application is intended to cover various modifications, alternatives, and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system is characterized by comprising a Claus sulfur recovery device, a gas component detection and regulation component and a sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device;
the Claus sulfur recovery device comprises an air supply assembly, a first reaction assembly and a recovery assembly, wherein the first reaction assembly is provided with a hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet, an air inlet and a first reaction gas outlet, the recovery assembly is provided with a first reaction gas inlet and a first recovery gas outlet, the first reaction gas inlet is connected with the first reaction gas outlet, and the air supply assembly is installed at the air inlet;
the sulfur dioxide absorption and regeneration device comprises a second reaction component and a sulfur dioxide extraction component, the second reaction component comprises a second recovery gas inlet and a second reaction gas outlet, the second recovery gas inlet is connected with the first recovery gas outlet, the sulfur dioxide extraction component comprises a second reaction gas inlet, a tail gas discharge outlet and a sulfur dioxide outlet, the second reaction gas inlet is connected with the second reaction gas outlet, and the sulfur dioxide outlet is connected with the first reaction gas inlet;
the gas component detection and adjustment assembly comprises a detection pipeline and a gas component detector positioned on the detection pipeline, one end of the detection pipeline is connected with the first recycled gas outlet, the other end of the detection pipeline is connected with the second recycled gas inlet, and the gas component detection and adjustment assembly is electrically connected with the air supply assembly.
2. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system of claim 1 wherein the recovery assembly comprises three condensers, two heaters, and two claus reactors in series;
one heater and one claus reactor are arranged between any two adjacent condensers.
3. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first reaction assembly comprises a first combustion furnace, the hydrogen sulfide acid gas inlet, the air inlet, and the first reaction gas outlet being located on the first combustion furnace, and a temperature in the first combustion furnace being greater than or equal to 927 degrees celsius.
4. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system of claim 3 wherein the second reaction assembly comprises a second combustion furnace, the second recycle gas inlet and the second reaction gas outlet being located on the second combustion furnace, the temperature in the second combustion furnace being between 800 degrees Celsius and 850 degrees Celsius.
5. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system of claim 4 wherein the sulfur dioxide extraction component comprises a quench tower, an electric demister, an absorption tower, a lean rich absorbent heat exchanger, and a regeneration tower in series, the second reaction gas inlet is located on the quench tower, the tail gas discharge outlet is located on the absorption tower, and the sulfur dioxide outlet is located on the regeneration tower.
6. The hydrogen sulfide gas treatment system of claim 1 wherein the gas component detection and adjustment assembly further comprises a concentration detector located at the hydrogen sulfide gas inlet, the concentration detector sending a first signal to the gas component detector when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen sulfide gas entering the hydrogen sulfide gas inlet is less than a specified value, the concentration detector sending a second signal to the gas component detector when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen sulfide gas entering the hydrogen sulfide gas inlet is greater than or equal to the specified value;
the gas component detector detects the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection pipeline and sends a third signal to the air supply assembly when receiving the first signal, the air supply assembly increases the amount of air injected into the air inlet when receiving the third signal so that the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection pipeline is less than 2,
the gas composition detector sends a fourth signal to the air supply assembly upon receiving the second signal, and the air supply assembly reduces the amount of air injected into the air inlet upon receiving the fourth signal so that the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide in the detection conduit is equal to 2.
7. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system of claim 5 wherein the sulfur dioxide extraction assembly further comprises an exhaust reheater and stack;
the exhaust emission outlet is connected with one end of the exhaust reheater, the other end of the exhaust reheater is connected with one end of the exhaust funnel, and the other end of the exhaust funnel is communicated with the external environment.
8. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system of claim 7, wherein the absorption tower comprises an absorption tower gas inlet, an absorption tower liquid inlet, and an absorption tower liquid outlet;
the lean-rich absorbent heat exchanger comprises a lean liquid channel and a rich liquid channel, a liquid inlet of the absorption tower is connected with one end of the lean liquid channel, and a liquid outlet of the absorption tower is connected with one end of the rich liquid channel;
the regeneration tower comprises a regeneration tower liquid inlet and a regeneration tower liquid outlet, the regeneration tower liquid inlet is connected with the other end of the rich liquid channel, and the regeneration tower liquid outlet is connected with the other end of the lean liquid channel;
and the air inlet of the absorption tower is connected with the electric demister.
9. The acid gas hydrogen sulfide processing system according to claim 8, further comprising a first reaction pipe and a circulation pipe, the first reaction pipe being connected to the first reaction gas outlet;
one end of the circulating pipe is connected with the sulfur dioxide outlet, the other end of the circulating pipe is positioned in the first reaction pipe, and the opening of the other end of the circulating pipe faces the first reaction gas inlet.
10. The hydrogen sulfide acid gas treatment system according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein said first reaction module further comprises a first waste heat boiler, said second reaction module further comprises a second waste heat boiler, and said first waste heat boiler and said second waste heat boiler are respectively installed on said first combustion furnace and said second combustion furnace.
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