CN215637642U

CN215637642U - Electric control box assembly and integral air conditioner

Info

Publication number: CN215637642U
Application number: CN202122086324.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄凯; 卢绍章; 江敬强
Original assignee: GD Midea Air Conditioning Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: GD Midea Air Conditioning Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-31
Filing date: 2021-08-31
Publication date: 2022-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric control box assembly and an integral air conditioner, wherein the electric control box assembly comprises: the box body is internally provided with an installation cavity, the box body is provided with an internal end positioned on the indoor shell and an external end positioned on the outdoor shell, the internal end is provided with a first heat dissipation hole communicated with the installation cavity, and the external end is provided with a second heat dissipation hole communicated with the installation cavity; the circuit board is arranged in the mounting cavity; and the radiator is connected with the circuit board, and at least part of the radiator penetrates through the second heat dissipation hole and then extends into the outdoor machine shell. The technical scheme of the utility model can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the electric control box.

Description

Electric control box assembly and integral air conditioner

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric control box structures, in particular to an electric control box assembly and an integral air conditioner.

Background

The electronic control box of the existing integral air conditioner usually adopts a completely sealed structure to meet the requirements of water resistance and fire resistance, so that a large amount of heat generated by electronic components in the electronic control box such as a circuit board during working is gathered, the heat cannot be timely dissipated, the temperature in the electronic control box is overhigh, the service life of the electronic components is seriously influenced, and the potential safety hazard of high-temperature fire can also exist.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model mainly aims to provide an electric control box assembly and aims to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of an electric control box.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric control box assembly for an integral air conditioner, the integral air conditioner including an indoor casing and an outdoor casing connected to each other, the electric control box assembly comprising:

the box body is internally provided with an installation cavity, the box body is provided with an internal end positioned on the indoor shell and an external end positioned on the outdoor shell, the internal end is provided with a first heat dissipation hole communicated with the installation cavity, and the external end is provided with a second heat dissipation hole communicated with the installation cavity;

the circuit board is arranged in the mounting cavity; and

the radiator is connected with the circuit board, and at least part of the radiator penetrates through the second heat dissipation hole and then extends into the outdoor machine shell.

Optionally, the box body includes first box portion and second box portion that are connected, and shroud the protective cover of first box portion, second box portion enclose to be synthetic the installation cavity, first louvre is located on the protective cover, first box portion correspond first louvre be equipped with the first via hole of installation cavity intercommunication.

Optionally, the first box portion is provided with a first step portion corresponding to the heat spreader, the first step portion is provided with a second via hole, and the heat spreader at least partially penetrates through the second via hole.

Optionally, the protective cover is provided with a second step portion corresponding to the first step portion, and the second heat dissipation hole is formed in the second step portion and corresponds to the second via hole.

Optionally, the second box portion is provided with a third heat dissipation hole corresponding to the circuit board and communicated with the mounting cavity.

Optionally, the first cassette part is detachably connected to the second cassette part.

Optionally, the protective cover is detachably connected to the first cassette part.

Optionally, the material of the first box part and the material of the second box part are both insulating materials.

Optionally, the material of the protective cover is a flame retardant material.

Optionally, the first louvers are arranged in a louver structure.

Optionally, the louver of the louver structure is disposed obliquely in a direction away from the second louver in an outward direction.

Optionally, the automatically controlled box subassembly still includes the buckler, the buckler include with the base plate that the box body is connected, and with the base plate is connected and cover at least and establish the cover body of radiator, the side of the cover body corresponds the radiator is equipped with the heat dissipation window.

Optionally, the cover body is provided with a first opening through which the electronic control box penetrates, so that the heat sink is located in the cover body; the edge of the first opening extends outwards to form a water retaining flange.

The utility model also provides an integral air conditioner which comprises the electric control box assembly.

According to the technical scheme, most of heat generated by the circuit board during operation can be dissipated into the outdoor unit casing along the radiator, and due to the fact that the outdoor unit casing is communicated with the outside, air in the outdoor unit casing can be continuously exchanged with outdoor air, and the heat on the radiator can be effectively taken away in time in the process of gas exchange, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the electronic control box assembly is improved, the heat in the installation cavity can be dissipated in time, the problem that the usability and the service life of electronic components in the installation cavity are reduced due to the high-temperature working environment is solved, and meanwhile the risk of fire caused by high temperature is reduced. In addition, first louvre, installation cavity, and second louvre constitute airflow channel, and indoor air can be outdoor along this airflow channel flow direction, promptly, and indoor air flows to outdoor through indoor casing, first louvre, installation cavity, second louvre and off-premises station shell in proper order, and this in-process air current can be with the produced partial heat of circuit board operation to outdoor, thereby further improves the radiating efficiency of automatically controlled box subassembly.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an embodiment of an electrical control box assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the box body and the waterproof cover in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an integral air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a chassis, an indoor heat exchanger, a water pan, an outdoor heat exchanger and an electric control box assembly of the integral air conditioner of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an outdoor cabinet and an electric control box assembly in the unitary air conditioner of fig. 3.

The reference numbers illustrate:

the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

In view of this, the present invention provides an electronic control box assembly, and referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic control box assembly 10 includes:

the box body 100 is internally provided with a mounting cavity 101, the box body 100 is provided with an internal end positioned on the indoor shell 31 and an external end positioned on the outdoor shell 21, the internal end is provided with a first heat dissipation hole 102 communicated with the mounting cavity 101, and the external end is provided with a second heat dissipation hole 103 communicated with the mounting cavity 101;

the circuit board 200 is arranged in the mounting cavity 101; and

and a heat sink 300 connected to the circuit board 200, wherein at least a portion of the heat sink 300 extends into the outdoor unit casing 21 through the second heat dissipation hole 103.

In the technical scheme of the utility model, most of heat generated by the operation of the circuit board 200 can be radiated into the outdoor unit casing 21 along the radiator 300, and because the outdoor unit casing 21 and the outdoor unit are communicated, air in the outdoor unit casing 21 can be continuously exchanged with outdoor air, and the heat on the radiator 300 can be effectively taken away in time in the process of gas exchange, so that the radiating efficiency of the electronic control box assembly 10 is improved, the heat in the installation cavity 101 can be radiated in time, the problem that the service performance and the service life of electronic components in the installation cavity 101 are reduced due to the high-temperature working environment is avoided, and the risk of fire caused by high temperature is reduced. In addition, the first heat dissipation hole 102, the mounting cavity 101, and the second heat dissipation hole 103 form an airflow channel, and the indoor air can flow to the outdoor along the airflow channel, that is, the indoor air flows to the outdoor sequentially through the indoor housing 31, the first heat dissipation hole 102, the mounting cavity 101, the second heat dissipation hole 103, and the outdoor housing 21, and the airflow can bring part of heat generated by the operation of the circuit board 200 to the outdoor, thereby further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the electronic control box assembly 10.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the unitary air conditioner 1 using the electronic control box assembly 10 includes an indoor cabinet 31; the indoor heat exchanger 32 is arranged in the indoor machine shell 31, and the indoor heat exchanger 32 comprises a heat exchange section extending in the vertical direction and/or a heat exchange section extending in an inclined manner; the water pan 33 is arranged in the indoor machine shell 31 and is positioned below the indoor heat exchanger 32, and the projection of the lower end of the heat exchange section extending along the vertical direction and/or the lower end of the heat exchange section extending obliquely on the water pan 33 is positioned in the water pan 33; a chassis 40 including a first disk section 41 and a second disk section 42 connected to each other, the indoor unit casing 31 being provided to the first disk section 41; an outdoor casing 21 connected to the indoor casing 31 and provided in the second disc section 42; a compressor 34 disposed in the indoor housing 31 and located below the water pan 33; and an outdoor heat exchanger 22 provided in the outdoor casing 21.

It should be noted that the "indoor casing 31" and "outdoor casing 21" in the embodiment of the present invention do not limit the installation positions of the indoor casing 31 and the outdoor casing 21, and the integrated air conditioner can be installed indoors as a whole, and at this time, both the indoor casing 31 and the outdoor casing 21 are installed indoors; the indoor unit casing 31 may be provided indoors, and the outdoor unit casing 21 may be extended at least partially outdoors. In order to allow the outdoor cabinet 21 to protrude outdoors, a mounting via hole is generally provided on the wall body so that the outdoor cabinet 21 can protrude outdoors from the mounting via hole, in which case the portion of the space between the inner surface of the wall body and the outer surface of the wall body (mounting via hole) can be regarded as an outdoor space, that is, the space inside the inner surface of the wall body can be regarded as an indoor space, and the space outside the inner surface of the wall body can be regarded as an outdoor space.

It should be noted that the term "wall" is used herein in a broad sense, that is, the "wall" may be a wall of a common building (e.g., a wall built with building bricks), a wall panel of a portable house, or a side panel of a container house. That is, the integral air conditioner can be used in a portable house or a container house, and can also be used in a commodity house. The fitting gap between the outdoor housing 21 and the wall may be a fitting gap between the outdoor housing 21 and the wall itself, or a fitting gap between a frame, such as a metal window frame, provided in the installation hole and the outdoor housing 21, and in this case, the frame provided in the installation hole should be regarded as a part of the wall.

In addition, by disposing the compressor 34 in the indoor unit casing 31, the compressor 34 and the indoor unit casing 31 can be placed indoors when in use, so that the outdoor unit casing 21 is extended outdoors, the overall weight of the outdoor unit casing 21 is reduced, and the pressure of the outdoor unit casing 21 on the support frame can be reduced when the outdoor unit casing 21 is installed on a floor of a building above the second floor. For example, when the integrated air conditioner is used in a portable house or a container house having two or more floors, the pressure on the support frame can be reduced by installing the outdoor unit casing 21 outdoors, and when the outdoor unit casing 21 is connected to the indoor unit casing 31, the outdoor unit casing 21 can be supported without the support frame, which facilitates use in the portable house or the container house. Of course, in other embodiments, the compressor may be located within the outdoor housing.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the box 100 further includes a first box portion 110 and a second box portion 120 connected to each other, and a protective cover 130 covering the first box portion 110, the first box portion 110 and the second box portion 120 enclose an installation cavity 101, the first heat dissipation hole 102 is disposed on the protective cover 130, and the first box portion 110 is provided with a first through hole 111 corresponding to the first heat dissipation hole 102 and communicating with the installation cavity 101. The circuit board 200 and other electronic components are mounted in the mounting cavity 101, and a structure for positioning and mounting the circuit board 200 and other electronic components is formed in the first box part 110 and the second box part 120, so that the circuit board and other electronic components can be stably mounted in the mounting cavity 101. The protective cover 130 covering the first box portion 110 can protect the installation cavity 101 from water and dust, so as to protect the electronic components in the installation cavity 101. Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, optionally, the first cassette part 110 is provided with a first step portion 112 corresponding to the heat spreader 300, the first step portion 112 is provided with a second through hole 113, and the heat spreader 300 at least partially penetrates through the second through hole 113. It can be understood that, since the heat sink 300 and the second through hole 113 are located in the outdoor housing 21, when the outdoor housing 21 is located outdoors, rainwater or other water accidentally splashed onto the outdoor housing 21 may easily enter the outdoor housing 21, and the electronic components in the box 100 including the circuit board 200 may be easily damaged when contacting water, so that it is desirable to prevent the water in the outdoor housing 21 from entering the installation cavity 101. And through setting up first step portion 112 in order to reduce the thickness of the part that first box portion 110 corresponds radiator 300, make the hole edge of second via hole 113 press close to circuit board 200 as far as possible, thereby reduce the fit clearance between second via hole 113 and the circuit board 200, be favorable to reducing the risk that the water droplet drifts or splashes on circuit board 200 through second via hole 113, thereby under the prerequisite that guarantees that automatically controlled box subassembly 10 possesses sufficient heat dispersion, improve the waterproof performance of automatically controlled box subassembly 10, and then protect the electronic components in the installation cavity 101. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the first box portion may be provided with a second through hole corresponding to the heat sink, the heat sink at least partially penetrates through the second through hole, and the heat sink is provided with a waterproof gasket at an edge of the second through hole.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, optionally, the protective cover 130 is provided with a second step portion 131 corresponding to the first step portion 112, and the second heat dissipation hole 103 is provided at the second step portion 131 and is provided corresponding to the second via 113. Through setting up second step portion 131 in order to reduce the thickness of the part that protective cover 130 corresponds radiator 300, make the hole edge of second louvre 103 press close to first step portion 112 as far as possible to reduce the fit clearance between second louvre 103 and the first step portion 112, be favorable to reducing the water droplet and float to first step portion 112 through second louvre 103, float to the risk on circuit board 200 through second via hole 113 again, thereby further improve the waterproof performance of automatically controlled box subassembly 10. In addition, the indoor air can flow to the outdoor through the indoor housing 31, the first heat dissipation hole 102, the first via hole 111, the installation cavity 101, the second via hole 113, the second heat dissipation hole 103 and the outdoor housing 21 in sequence, and when the air flows through the electronic components in the installation cavity 101, part of heat generated during the operation of the electronic components can be taken away, so as to supplement the heat dissipation function of the electronic control box assembly 10.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the second box portion 120 is further provided with a third heat dissipation hole 121 corresponding to the circuit board 200 and communicating with the mounting cavity 101. The heat generated by the electronic components including the circuit board 200 during operation can be dissipated through the third heat dissipation hole 121, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the electronic control box assembly 10 is further improved.

In order to facilitate later maintenance and replacement of electronic components in the mounting cavity 101, in this embodiment, the first box portion 110 and the second box portion 120 are optionally detachably connected.

In order to further improve the convenience of assembling and disassembling the electronic control box assembly 10, in this embodiment, the protective cover 130 is optionally detachably connected to the first box portion 110. Also, the protective cover 130 is provided to be coupled to the first case portion 110, so that the case 100 is assembled as a whole to the inside of the indoor unit casing 31, which facilitates assembly efficiency in a production line. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the protecting cover may be detachably connected to the second box portion.

In this embodiment, optionally, the first box portion 110 and the second box portion 120 are arranged in a snap-fit manner; and/or the protective cover 130 is snap-fit with the first cassette part 110.

In this embodiment, optionally, the material of the first box portion 110 and the second box portion 120 is an insulating material. The insulating material can increase the creepage distance of the electronic components in the installation cavity 101, and avoid the problem that the electronic components are influenced by an external electrical interference source to cause abnormal work or even burn out. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the first box portion and the second box portion may be sleeved with insulating material sleeves.

Optionally, the material of both the first cassette part 110 and the second cassette part 120 is plastic. The plastic has good electrical insulation performance and low cost, and is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the electric control box assembly 10. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the design may be at least one of insulating materials such as ceramic or graphene.

In this embodiment, the material of the protective cover 130 is optionally a flame retardant material. The protective cover 130 with flame retardant property can protect the first box portion 110 and the second box portion 120, protect electronic components in the installation cavity 101 from external fire, and prevent the development of fire when the electronic components are on fire. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the outer surface of the protective cover may be coated with a flame retardant material layer.

Optionally, the material of the protecting cover 130 is steel. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the material may be at least one of flame retardant materials such as flame retardant plastic, aluminum alloy, or magnesium alloy.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to improve the waterproof and fireproof performance of the protective cover 130, in the present embodiment, the first louvers 102 are optionally disposed in a louver structure. It will be appreciated that the louvers of the louvered construction may prevent water droplets or flames from easily flying directly into or through the mounting cavity 101, thereby improving the waterproof and fireproof properties of the protective cover 130. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the first heat dissipation holes may be arranged in a grid hole structure.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, optionally, the louvers of the louver structure are disposed to be inclined in a direction away from the second heat dissipation hole 103 in an outward direction. The window page or leaf sets up towards the slope, makes indoor air can more smoothly get into installation cavity 101 along the window page or leaf, and then reduces the flowing noise of air current, can also make simultaneously batting and dust be difficult to the edge gathering at the window page or leaf, and then makes the air current passageway keep at good circulation state.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, further, the electronic control box assembly 10 further includes a waterproof cover 400, the waterproof cover 400 includes a substrate 410 connected to the box body 100, and a cover body 420 connected to the substrate 410 and at least covering the heat sink 300, and a heat dissipation window 421 is disposed on a side surface of the cover body 420 corresponding to the heat sink 300. The cover body 420 covers the outer side of the radiator 300, the side face of the cover body 420 is provided with the radiating window 421 corresponding to the radiator 300, air can freely enter and exit the cover body 420 through the radiating window 421 to take away heat on the radiator 300, and the risk that water in the outdoor machine shell 21 splashes to the radiator 300 can be effectively reduced, so that the risk that water splashes or flows into the installation cavity 101 through a fit clearance between the radiator 300 and the box body 100 can be reduced, the waterproof performance of the electronic control box component 10 is improved, and the risk of damage of electronic elements and devices is reduced. It should be noted that the direction in which the indoor housing 31 is away from the outdoor housing 21 is set as the front direction, the direction in which the indoor housing 31 is toward the outdoor housing 21 is set as the rear direction, the left-right direction is the direction perpendicular to the front-back direction and located on the horizontal plane, and the side surfaces of the cover body 420 refer to the left and right side surfaces of the cover body 420 when the electronic control box assembly 10 is installed in the indoor housing 31.

Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, optionally, the cover 420 is provided with a first opening 422 for the box 100 to penetrate, so that the heat sink 300 is located in the cover 420; the edge of the first opening 422 extends outward to form a water blocking flange 423. It can be understood that when the water in the outdoor unit casing 21 drops or splashes on the cover 420, the water may flow along the outer wall surface of the cover 420 and flow into the cover 420 through the edge of the cover 420. In order to avoid the problem, the water blocking flanging 423 is arranged at the edge of the first opening 422 to intercept water drops on the side of the first opening 422 far away from the indoor machine shell 31, so that the risk that the water drops flow into the cover body 420 is reduced, and the waterproof effect of the cover body 420 is improved. However, the design is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the cover body may be provided with a first opening for the box body to penetrate through, so that the heat sink is located in the cover body, and the outer edge of the first opening is connected with a water retaining rubber strip.

Referring to fig. 2, in order to avoid water accumulation in the cover 420, in the embodiment, optionally, the lower side of the cover 420 is provided with a second opening 424. Even if water drops enter the cover body 420, the water drops flow downwards along the inner wall surface of the cover body 420 or the radiator 300 under the action of gravity and flow out of the cover body 420 through the second opening 424, so that water accumulation in the cover body 420 can be avoided, and the weight of the cover body 420 can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, optionally, the second opening 424 is disposed in communication with the first opening 422. Through setting up first opening 422 and being linked together with second opening 424, can enough simplify the structure of cover body 420, practice thrift the manufacturing material of cover body 420, and then reduce manufacturing cost, can make things convenient for the workman to go on again and insert the box body 100 through first opening 422 the assembly operation in cover body 420, and then improve assembly efficiency. However, the design is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the lower side of the cover body may be provided with a plurality of drainage holes.

The utility model further provides an integral air conditioner, which comprises the electric control box assembly, the specific structure of the electric control box assembly refers to the above embodiments, and the integral air conditioner adopts all the technical schemes of all the above embodiments, so that the integral air conditioner at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the above embodiments, and further description is omitted.

The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatically controlled box subassembly for integral air conditioner, integral air conditioner is including indoor casing and the outdoor unit shell that is connected, its characterized in that, automatically controlled box subassembly includes:

the circuit board is arranged in the mounting cavity; and

2. The electrical control box assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the box body comprises a first box portion and a second box portion connected to each other, and a protective cover covering the first box portion, the first box portion and the second box portion enclose the mounting cavity, the first heat dissipation hole is formed in the protective cover, and the first box portion is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the first heat dissipation hole and communicating with the mounting cavity.

3. The electrical control box assembly of claim 2, wherein the first box portion has a first step corresponding to the heat sink, the first step having a second via, the heat sink at least partially passing through the second via.

4. The electronic control box assembly as claimed in claim 3, wherein the protective cover has a second step corresponding to the first step, and the second heat dissipation hole is disposed at the second step and corresponding to the second through hole.

5. The electrical control box assembly as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second box portion is provided with a third heat dissipation hole corresponding to the circuit board and communicating with the mounting cavity; and/or

The first box part is detachably connected with the second box part; and/or

The protective cover is detachably connected with the first box part; and/or

The first box part and the second box part are made of insulating materials; and/or

The material of the protective cover is a flame retardant material.

6. The electrical control box assembly of claim 1, wherein the first heat dissipation aperture is disposed in a louvered configuration.

7. An electrical control box assembly as in claim 6, wherein the louvers of the louver structure are angled in an outward direction away from the second louvers.

8. The electrical control box assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a circuit board, wherein the circuit board comprises a base plate connected to the box body and a cover body connected to the base plate and at least covering the heat sink, and a heat dissipation window is formed on a side surface of the cover body corresponding to the heat sink.

9. The electrical control box assembly of claim 8, wherein the housing has a first opening through which the electrical control box assembly passes to locate the heat sink within the housing; the edge of the first opening extends outwards to form a water retaining flange.

10. An integral air conditioner characterized by comprising the electric control box assembly as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9.