CN215520839U - Exhaust mechanism for geothermal well drilling accidents and emergency system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to an exhaust mechanism and an emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents. An exhaust mechanism for geothermal well drilling accidents comprises an exhaust pipeline and an elbow, wherein the elbow is arranged at the end of the exhaust pipeline, a valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline, the outlet of the elbow faces upwards, and a drain hole is formed below the elbow. The emergency system for the geothermal well drilling accident can effectively kill the accident well and eliminate the threat to the natural environment and the life and property safety of people.

Description

Exhaust mechanism for geothermal well drilling accidents and emergency system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to an exhaust mechanism and an emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents.

Background

In the process of drilling and developing geothermal energy, blowout accidents that high-temperature and high-pressure liquid and water vapor are sprayed out of a well head can occur, the blowout is caused because the pressure condition of drilled strata is unclear or inaccurate to predict, the density of used drilling fluid is not enough to balance the pressure of the strata, so that a large amount of stratum fluid flows into a shaft, and in addition, the ground control system fails to control effectively.

The blowout phenomenon is very dangerous, and high-temperature and high-pressure liquid and steam are usually sprayed out of a well mouth, so that the natural environment and the life and property safety of people are greatly threatened. The common emergency method is to inject the drilling fluid with high density into the well from the drill pipe or the annular space between the drill pipe and the casing pipe to increase the pressure and stop the blowout from continuing.

However, when high-temperature liquid and steam are sprayed out from the well mouth and no effective well control equipment or well control device fails, well mouth operation cannot be completed, and well killing cannot be realized. Even if a drilling tool exists in the well, the pressure is high, and the drilling tool in the well is small and light, the drilling tool can be ejected out of a well mouth or pushed against a power head of the drilling tool, high-density drilling fluid cannot be injected, and blowout cannot be controlled.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an exhaust mechanism and an emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents, which can carry out emergency treatment on blowout accidents under the condition that well control equipment fails, and eliminate great threats to the natural environment and the life and property safety of people.

The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:

an exhaust mechanism for geothermal well drilling accidents, characterized in that:

the exhaust pipe comprises an exhaust pipe and an elbow, wherein the elbow is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipe, a valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe, the outlet of the elbow faces upwards, and a drain hole is arranged below the elbow.

Furthermore, the elbow is a right-angle elbow, the right-angle elbow comprises an inlet section and an outlet section, the inlet section is connected with the exhaust pipeline, the outlet section is vertically arranged, and the drain hole is formed in the pipe wall of the inlet section of the right-angle elbow and is downward in direction.

Further, the valve is a turbine butterfly valve.

Further, the end of the exhaust duct is a flange joint.

An emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents is characterized in that:

comprises a bottom fixing device and a square box plugging device;

the square box plugging device is fixed on the bottom fixing device;

the bottom fixing device comprises a left bottom plate and a right bottom plate which are identical in structure, a first semicircular hole is formed in the right side of the left bottom plate, L-shaped plates are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the left bottom plate, screw holes are formed in the L-shaped plates, and bolts are arranged in the screw holes; the first semicircular holes of the left bottom plate and the right bottom plate are butted to form a first circular hole;

the square box plugging device comprises an upper box body, a lower box body and the exhaust mechanism; the upper box body is positioned above the lower box body, and the exhaust mechanism is arranged on the side part of the lower box body;

the lower box body comprises two lower half box bodies with the same structure, and the upper box body comprises two upper half box bodies with the same structure;

the lower half box body is a box body with an opening on one side surface and comprises an upper bottom plate, a lower bottom plate, two side plates and a middle plate, one ends of the two side plates are respectively connected with two sides of the middle plate, the lower bottom plate is provided with a second semicircular hole, the middle plate is provided with an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is connected with an exhaust mechanism; the upper bottom plate is provided with a third semicircular hole; the two lower half boxes are butted into a lower box body through the end surfaces of the two side plates, the end surfaces of the two side plates are provided with through holes, bolts are arranged in the through holes, and second round holes of the lower bottom plates of the two lower half boxes are combined into a second round hole; the front side and the rear side of the lower bottom plate exceed the box body and extend outwards to form clamping edges, and the two clamping edges are respectively clamped in the L-shaped plates of the bottom fixing device;

the upper bottom plate is provided with a first flashboard, a first moving mechanism and a first slide rail, the first flashboard is provided with a fourth semicircular hole, the end part of the first moving mechanism is hinged with the first flashboard, and the first moving mechanism drives the first flashboard to move along the first slide rail; the first gate plate is connected with two slender rods, one end of each slender rod is connected with the first gate plate, the other end of each slender rod extends out of the middle plate of the upper half box body, force is applied to the slender rods, and the slender rods drive the first gate plate to move along the first sliding rails; fourth semicircular holes in the first flashboards on the two lower half boxes are butted to form fourth circular holes; fourth semicircular holes in the first flashboards on the two lower half boxes are butted to form fourth circular holes;

the upper half box body is a box body without a bottom and with an opening on the side surface and comprises a top plate, two side plates and a middle plate, the two side plates and the middle plate are detachably connected with the upper bottom plate of the lower half box body, the top plate is provided with a second flashboard, a second moving mechanism and a second slide rail, the second flashboard is provided with a fifth semicircular hole, the end part of the second moving mechanism is hinged with the second flashboard, and the second moving mechanism drives the second flashboard to move along the second slide rail; the two upper half boxes are butted into an upper box body through the end faces of the two side plates, the end faces of the two side plates are provided with through holes, bolts are arranged in the through holes, and fifth round holes in the two second flashboards are butted to form fifth round holes.

Furthermore, the elbow is a right-angle elbow, the right-angle elbow comprises an inlet section and an outlet section, the inlet section is connected with the exhaust pipeline, the outlet section is vertically arranged, and the drain hole is formed in the pipe wall of the inlet section of the right-angle elbow and is downward in direction.

Furthermore, the number of the exhaust mechanisms is two, and the exhaust mechanisms are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the two lower half boxes.

Furthermore, the end of the exhaust duct is connected with the middle plate of the lower half box.

Further, the first moving mechanism and the second moving mechanism are hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders.

Furthermore, the upper half box body is connected with the upper bottom plate of the lower half box body through two side plates and a middle plate of the upper half box body through bolts.

Furthermore, the aperture of the first round hole formed by the butt joint of the left bottom plate and the right bottom plate of the bottom fixing device is equal to or smaller than the aperture of the second round hole.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1) the emergency system for the geothermal well drilling accident can effectively kill the well in the accident well, the well hole state is recovered to be normal, and the threat to the natural environment and the life and property safety of people is eliminated;

2) the utility model has simple installation and convenient use, and ensures the safety of constructors in the process of drilling and installing the drilling tool;

3) the square box plugging device is ingenious in structure, the upper box body and the lower box body are formed by butt joint of the two parts, and even under the condition that the power head cannot be unloaded from the drill rod, the square box plugging device can still be installed on a sleeve pipe on a construction site, so that side open flow is carried out, and a safe environment is provided for workers to connect the drill rod;

4) when the square box plugging device is used for fixing, the clamping edge of the lower bottom plate in the lower half box body slides into the L-shaped plate of the bottom fixing device, and the bolt on the L-shaped plate is screwed down to enable the bolt to tightly press the clamping edge of the lower bottom plate, so that the lower box body is fixed;

5) the square box plugging device comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, wherein flashboards are respectively arranged on the upper box body and the lower box body, the sizes of the two flashboards respectively correspond to drill rods of different models, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the drill rods and the annular space of a sleeve can be effectively plugged; high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the drill rod and casing annulus is laterally sprayed from exhaust mechanisms on two sides of the square box plugging device, so that an environment is created for the construction of workers on a drilling platform;

6) according to the utility model, the outlet of the outlet section of the elbow of the exhaust mechanism is upward, the drain hole is downward, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is vertically ejected upward from the outlet section to release energy from the upper space, so that surrounding people, livestock and crops are prevented from being injured, condensed water or attached water in the high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows downward from the drain hole by means of self weight, and secondary disasters caused by water flowing back to the square box plugging device are avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a bottom fixing device and a square box plugging device in the emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents according to the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lower housing half of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is another directional view of the lower housing half of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the upper housing half of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the drill pipe locking device of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a right side view of the drill pipe locking device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a top view of the pipe locking device of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the exhaust mechanism of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-a left bottom plate; 2-right bottom plate; 3- "L" shaped plate; 4-a first semicircular hole; 5-a first moving mechanism; 6-upper bottom plate; 7-lower bottom plate; 8-a lower half box body; 9-upper half box body; 10-a second semicircular hole; 11. a third semicircular hole; 12. a first shutter plate; 13. a slender rod; 14. a first slide rail; 15. a fourth semicircular hole; 16. a top plate; 17. a second shutter plate; 18. a second moving mechanism; 19. a second slide rail; 20. a fifth semicircular hole; 21. an exhaust duct; 22. bending the pipe; 23. a valve; 24. a drain hole; 25. a mounting frame shaped like a Chinese character 'kou'; 26. connecting columns; 27. a slide bar; 28. a restraint; 29. an arc restraint body; 30. a fixed section; 31. an inlet section; 32. an outlet section; 33. a sleeve; 34. and (5) drilling a rod.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model.

Referring to fig. 9, the exhaust mechanism for geothermal well drilling accidents comprises an exhaust pipeline 21 and an elbow 22, wherein the elbow 22 is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipeline 21, a valve 23 is arranged on the exhaust pipeline 21, the outlet of the elbow 22 faces upwards, and a drain hole 24 is arranged below the elbow 22.

Preferably, the elbow 22 is a right-angled elbow 22, the right-angled elbow 22 includes an inlet section 31 and an outlet section 32, the inlet section 31 is connected to the exhaust pipe 21, the outlet section 32 is vertically disposed, and the drain hole 24 is disposed on the wall of the inlet section 31 of the right-angled elbow 22 and is directed downward.

As a preferred scheme, the valve 23 is a turbine butterfly valve, is convenient to open and can realize self-locking. The end part of the exhaust pipeline 21 is a flange interface, so that the connection is convenient.

Referring to fig. 1-9, an emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents comprises a bottom fixing device and a square box plugging device; the square box plugging device is fixed on the bottom fixing device.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the bottom fixing device is composed of a left bottom plate 1 and a right bottom plate 2 which have the same structure, a first semicircular hole 4 is formed in the right side of the left bottom plate 1, L-shaped plates 3 are arranged on the front side and the rear side, screw holes are formed in the upper surfaces of the L-shaped plates 3, and bolts are arranged in the screw holes; the first semicircular holes 4 of the left bottom plate 1 and the right bottom plate 2 are butted to form a first circular hole. The first circular hole corresponds in size to the sleeve 33.

The square box plugging device comprises an upper box body, a lower box body and an exhaust mechanism; the upper box body is positioned above the lower box body, and the exhaust mechanism is arranged on the side part of the lower box body.

Referring to fig. 1, specifically, the lower box body is formed by butting two lower half box bodies 8 with the same structure, and the upper box body is formed by butting two upper half box bodies 9 with the same structure.

Referring to fig. 2-4, the lower half box 8 is a box with an opening on one side, and includes an upper bottom plate 6, a lower bottom plate 7, two side plates and a middle plate, one end of each of the two side plates is connected to each of the two sides of the middle plate, the lower bottom plate 7 is provided with a second semicircular hole 10, the middle plate is provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is connected to the exhaust mechanism, and the exhaust hole can be provided with a flange for convenient connection. The upper bottom plate 6 is provided with a third semicircular hole 11; the two lower half-boxes 8 are butted into a lower box body through the end surfaces of the two side plates, the end surfaces of the two side plates are provided with through holes, bolts are arranged in the through holes, second semicircular holes 10 of the lower bottom plates 7 of the two lower half-boxes 8 are combined into a second circular hole, and the diameter of the second circular hole is equal to that of the sleeve 33; the front side and the rear side of the lower bottom plate 7 exceed the box body and extend outwards to form clamping edges, the two clamping edges are clamped in the L-shaped plate 3 of the bottom fixing device respectively, and the clamping edges can be pressed tightly after bolts are arranged on the upper surface of the L-shaped plate 3 and are screwed down, so that the lower half box body 8 is fixed. The two clamping edges can slide in from the outermost end of the L-shaped plate 3 until the second semicircular hole 10 is contacted with the sleeve 33, and then the end surfaces of the two side plates are connected and fixed through bolts; then fixed, need not to aim at again when fixed, it can to directly screw up the upper surface that "L" template 3 is equipped with the bolt.

And an automatic switch flashboard device and a manual switch flashboard device are arranged on the upper bottom plate 6. The automatic switch flashboard device comprises a first flashboard 12, a first moving mechanism 5 and a first sliding rail 14, wherein a fourth semicircular hole 15 is formed in the first flashboard 12, the end portion of the first moving mechanism 5 is hinged to the first flashboard 12, the first moving mechanism 5 drives the first flashboard 12 to move along the first sliding rail 14, and the first moving mechanism 5 is installed on the upper bottom plate 6 and located inside the upper half box body 9. The manual switch flashboard device comprises two long and thin rods 13, one end of each long and thin rod 13 is connected with the corresponding first flashboard 12, the other end of each long and thin rod 13 extends out of the middle plate of the upper half box body 9, force is exerted on the long and thin rods 13, and the long and thin rods 13 drive the corresponding first flashboard 12 to move along the corresponding first sliding rail 14. Fourth semicircular holes 15 on the first flashboards 12 on the two lower half boxes are butted to form fourth circular holes; the diameter of the fourth circular hole corresponds to the diameter of the drill rod 34. In the event that the first shutter 12 fails to open or close by failure of the first moving mechanism 5, the opening or closing of the first shutter 12 is achieved by manually pulling or pushing the elongated rod 13.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the upper half box 9 is a box without a bottom and with an opening on a side surface, and includes a top plate 16, two side plates and a middle plate, the two side plates and the middle plate are connected with the upper bottom plate 6 of the lower half box 8 through bolts, the top plate 16 is provided with a second gate plate 17, a second moving mechanism 18 and a second slide rail 19, the second gate plate 17 is provided with a fifth semicircular hole 20, an end of the second moving mechanism 18 is hinged to the second gate plate 17, and the second moving mechanism 18 drives the second gate plate 17 to move along the second slide rail 19; the two upper half boxes 9 are butted into an upper box body through the end faces of the two side plates, through holes are formed in the end faces of the two side plates, bolts are arranged in the through holes, fifth semicircular holes 20 in the two second gate plates 17 are butted to form fifth circular holes, and the size of the fifth circular holes corresponds to that of the drill rods 34.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first moving mechanism 5 and the second moving mechanism 18 are hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders.

As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the upper half case 9 is connected with the upper bottom plate 6 of the lower half case 8 through two side plates and a middle plate thereof by bolts;

as a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the aperture of a first round hole formed by butting the left bottom plate 1 and the right bottom plate 2 of the bottom fixing device is equal to or smaller than the aperture of a second round hole.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the exhaust mechanisms is two, and the two exhaust mechanisms are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the two lower half cases 8. The end of the exhaust duct 21 is connected to the middle plate of the lower half 8.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elbow 22 is a right-angled elbow 22, the right-angled elbow 22 includes an inlet section 31 and an outlet section 32, the inlet section 31 is connected to the exhaust pipe 21, the outlet section 32 is vertically disposed, and the drain hole 24 is disposed on the wall of the inlet section 31 of the right-angled elbow 22 and is directed downward. According to the utility model, the outlet of the outlet section of the elbow of the exhaust mechanism is upward, the drain hole is downward, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is vertically ejected upward from the outlet section to release energy from the upper space, so that surrounding people, livestock and crops are prevented from being injured, condensed water or attached water in the high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows downward from the drain hole by means of self weight, and secondary disasters caused by water flowing back to the square box plugging device are avoided.

In the drilling process, the diameter of the drill rod going downwards is smaller, in order to adapt to the drill rods with different sizes, the upper box body and the lower box body are designed, two flashboards in the upper box body and the lower box body respectively block the drill rods with different sizes, in principle, a plurality of flashboards can be designed on the upper box blocking device to correspond to various drill rods, but the space of a well head is limited, and the two flashboards are preferably selected. The first flashboard 12 is butted with a box body of the lower box body to form a sealed cavity, so that high-pressure and high-temperature steam in the annular space can only be discharged from the exhaust mechanism. The second flashboard 17 forms a sealed cavity with the upper box body and the lower box body after being butted, so that high-pressure and high-temperature steam in the annular space can only be discharged from the exhaust mechanism.

Referring to fig. 6-8, a drill rod 34 locking device is also included, and the drill rod 34 locking device is located above the square box plugging device.

The locking device of the drill rod 34 comprises an upper layer of square mounting rack 25 and a lower layer of square mounting rack 25 and a restraining mechanism, wherein the square mounting rack 25 is formed by four cross beams which are connected end to end. The upper and lower layers of the square mounting rack 25 are fixed by four connecting columns 26; a slide bar 27 is respectively arranged between the two connecting columns 26 in the front row and the rear row.

The constraint mechanism comprises two constraint parts 28 with the same structure, each constraint part 28 comprises an arc constraint body 29 in the middle, each arc constraint body 29 extends towards two sides to form a fixed section 30, each fixed section 30 is provided with two through holes which are respectively a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through holes are close to the arc constraint bodies 29, the second through holes are far away from the arc constraint bodies 29, the two slide bars 27 respectively penetrate through the first through holes at two ends of each constraint part 28, and the constraint parts 28 can move along the slide bars 27; the corresponding second through holes of the two constraining pieces 28 are connected through bolts.

As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the slide rod 27 of the drill rod 34 locking device is detachably connected with the connecting column 26.

Specifically, the sliding rod 27 may include a smooth rod 27, one end of the smooth rod 27 is provided with an outer hexagonal block 33, the other end of the smooth rod 27 is provided with a threaded section, and a nut is matched with the threaded end; a through hole is formed in the connecting column 26, the smooth sliding rod 27 penetrates through the through hole, and the sliding rod 27 is fixed on the connecting column 26 through the outer hexagonal stopper 33 and the nut.

According to the drill rod locking device, the drill rod is fixed by using the constraint piece, so that when the power head is dismounted, the drill rod is prevented from moving upwards to threaten the safety of workers; the constraint piece in the drill rod locking device can slide along the sliding rod, and the two constraint pieces are connected through the bolt, so that the drill rod is conveniently locked and loosened; according to the drill rod locking device, the sliding rod is fixed on the connecting column through the outer hexagonal stop block and the nut, so that the restraint pieces with different sizes can be conveniently replaced, and the drill rod locking device can be used for drill rods with different models.

An emergency method based on the emergency system for the geothermal well drilling accident comprises the following steps:

1) respectively welding a left bottom plate 1 and a right bottom plate 2 of a bottom fixing device on a guide pipe (or a surface sleeve pipe), respectively contacting first semicircular holes 4 of the left bottom plate 1 and the right bottom plate 2 with the sleeve pipe 33, and simultaneously welding reinforcing ribs at the bottoms of the left bottom plate 1 and the right bottom plate 2 to be reinforced and fixed with the guide pipe (or the surface sleeve pipe);

2) the casing 33 is fixed to prevent the casing 33 from being uprushed due to overlarge pressure in the well, and then the casing 33 is cut circularly (the casing 33 is higher than the ground surface but is positioned below a drilling platform), so that the height from the drilling platform to the circular cutting position is ensured to meet the installation of a rescue system for geothermal well drilling accidents;

3) respectively fixing the lower half box body on a left bottom plate and a right bottom plate of the bottom fixing device; sliding the clamping edge of the lower bottom plate into an L-shaped plate of the bottom fixing device, fixing the end surfaces of the side plates of the two lower half boxes through bolts, butting the end surfaces to form the lower half boxes, and screwing the bolts on the L-shaped plate to enable the bolts to tightly press the clamping edge of the lower bottom plate, so that the lower box bodies are fixed;

4) mounting exhaust mechanism

The end part of an exhaust pipeline 21 is connected with a flange on a middle plate of a lower half box body 8, the tail end of the exhaust pipeline 21 is connected with a valve 23 and an elbow 22, the length of the exhaust pipeline is ensured to be safe, the outlet of an outlet section 32 of the elbow 22 faces upwards, a drain hole 24 faces downwards, and the valve 23 is opened;

5) lifting the cut sleeve 33, starting the first moving mechanism 5 to enable the two first flashboards 12 to be butted, vertically cutting the sleeve 33 and removing the sleeve;

6) blocking the annulus to realize side spraying

Opening the two first gate plates 12, lowering a drilling tool to the surface of a drilling platform, then closing the two first gate plates 12, tightly holding a first-stage drilling rod in the casing 33, enabling high-pressure steam in the annular space of the drilling rod and the casing 33 to enter a lower box body and be exhausted from exhaust mechanisms on two sides, enabling the high-pressure steam to be sprayed upwards from an outlet of an outlet section 32 of the elbow 22, enabling liquid in the high-pressure steam to flow downwards from a drain hole 24, and avoiding secondary disasters caused by recharging of the liquid into a shaft and the lower box body;

7) device for installing upper box body and locking drill rod

Respectively fixing the upper half box bodies 9 on the lower half box bodies 8; a drill rod locking device is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the drilling platform and is positioned right above the square box plugging device;

8) preparing a secondary drill rod, wherein one end of the secondary drill rod is connected with a plug valve, the other end of the secondary drill rod is connected with a conversion joint, and holes are cut in the side wall of the drill rod and are distributed spirally;

9) the drilling tool is lifted, the drill rod is locked by a drill rod locking device restraint piece 28 to prevent the drill rod from jumping upwards, the power head is disassembled, and a prepared second-stage drill rod is connected to the first-stage drill rod by the power head through a conversion joint;

10) opening the two first rams 12, releasing the pipe locking device restraint 28, lowering the pipe to the elevator position; the second flashboard 17 is closed, the plug valve is closed, the drill rod stops spraying, and the drill rod locking device is changed into a constraint piece 28 adapting to the second-stage drill rod;

11) the drill rod locking device restraining piece 28 locks the second-stage drill rod, unloads the power head, connects with the arrow-shaped check valve, connects with the power head again, and opens the plug valve;

12) down drill

12.1) opening the second gate plate 17, loosening the drill rod locking device restraint piece 28, lowering a first secondary drill rod to the surface of the drilling platform, closing the second gate plate 17, and locking the secondary drill rod by the drill rod locking device restraint piece 28;

12.2) preparing a second-stage drill rod, and cutting a hole on the side wall of the drill rod; receiving a drill pipe, opening the second flashboard 17, loosening the drill pipe locking device restraint piece 28, lowering the drilling tool to the drilling platform surface, closing the second flashboard 17, locking the second-stage drill pipe by the drill pipe locking device restraint piece 28, connecting the upper part of the second-stage drill pipe with a second arrow-shaped check valve,

12.3) receiving a drill rod, opening the second flashboard 17, loosening the drill rod locking device restraint piece 28, lowering the drilling tool to the drilling platform surface, closing the second flashboard 17, locking the second-stage drill rod by the drill rod locking device restraint piece 28,

13) repeating the step 12.3), and drilling down to the target depth;

14) well killing

14.1) preliminarily designing the density and viscosity of the slurry according to the measured wellhead pressure, and preparing 100-square high-temperature resistant slurry;

14.2) preparing two pump trucks in advance, and connecting related pipelines, slurry supply pipelines and slurry supply pumps;

14.3) injecting from the drill rod, and killing the well;

15) starting to pull out the drill when the wellhead does not return slurry and kill the well successfully;

16) wellhead installation device

And after the drill is pulled out, the square box plugging device starts to be disassembled, and a wellhead device is installed.

Examples

In a certain geothermal well in the middle of China, well control equipment is not installed on a well head, and in the drilling process, steam channeling occurs on the well head, well killing cannot be timely and effectively carried out, so that blowout is caused, high-pressure high-temperature steam is ejected from a sleeve 33 and a drill rod annulus of the well head, liquid is attached, the ejection height reaches more than ten meters, a worker cannot normally operate, a lead ball is put into the annulus to plug the annulus, the lead ball is ejected, and the temperature of an inlet sleeve 33 reaches 155 ℃. In order to restore the well from the steam channeling state to the original balance state and prevent secondary accidents, the emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents is adopted for emergency rescue.

The blowout emergency rescue method comprises the following specific steps:

1. closed annulus

1.1, starting to weld a left bottom plate 1 and a right bottom plate 2 with inner holes of 340mm on a guide pipe (or a surface sleeve) at a position 1.6 meters away from the ground of a sleeve 33 with 340mm, building a platform for placing a square box plugging device, and welding a 90-degree angle iron below the platform for reinforcement after welding.

1.2, hanging the lower half box body 8, wherein the two clamping edges can slide in from the outermost end of the L-shaped plate 3, and a space for cutting the 340mm sleeve 33 is reserved.

1.3, two fixed supports for preventing 340mm sleeve 33 from shaking are additionally welded below the bottom plate of the drill floor, so that the 340mm sleeve 33 is prevented from jumping out due to overlarge pressure or swinging to cause the phenomenon that the whole construction interface is blown by steam and cannot be constructed.

1.4, welding 4 lifting lugs on the position, 1 meter away from the bottom surface of the drill floor, of the 340mm casing pipe 33, and fixing the 340mm casing pipe 33 downwards by using a guide chain to avoid uprush. Then 4 lifting lugs and 4 supporting legs which are larger than 445 are welded on the 340mm sleeve 33 1 m away from the circular cutting position, so that the 340mm sleeve 33 is prevented from moving upwards to the power head, and if the 340mm sleeve 33 does not move upwards, the 340mm sleeve can be lifted by the lifting lugs (pulled by a guide chain).

1.5, preparing to cut the 340mm sleeve 33, considering that the construction difficulty is influenced by water and steam on a working surface caused by scattered spraying of a sprayed water column once the 340mm guide pipe is cut, completing the work required to be done in the early stage as once as possible, and completely completing the work of welding, cutting, installing and the like in advance before cutting the pipe as far as possible.

1.6, after all preparation works are finished, the square box is tried to be installed before the pipe is not cut.

1.7, organizing a pressure fan and a fire engine in place on site. Then, starting to perform circular cutting on the 340mm sleeve 33, wherein the complete circular cutting of the 340mm sleeve 33 must be ensured, the circular cutting is completed by a circular cutting machine, then two clamping edges can slide in from the outermost end of the L-shaped plate 3 until the second semicircular hole 10 is contacted with the sleeve 33, and then the end faces of the two side plates are connected and fixed through bolts; then fixed, need not to aim at again when fixed, it can to directly screw up the upper surface that "L" template 3 is equipped with the bolt.

1.8, after the installation and fixation, starting to connect the left and right exhaust mechanisms, wherein the exhaust mechanisms are required to be flatly connected to the position outside the base by at least 5 meters and fixed by using ground anchors.

1.9, slowly drawing the 340mm sleeve 33 out of the square box by using a guide chain, closing the first flashboard 12, and stopping spraying in an annular space. The 340mm cannula 33 is slit.

1.10, opening the first flashboard 12 again, lowering the drilling tool to the surface of the drilling platform, and closing the first flashboard 12.

And 1.11, after the well is closed, additionally arranging an upper half box, a drill rod locking device and the like on the lower half box.

1.12, lift, transfer and debug after the centre gripping effect, the drilling tool sits the elevator, unloads the unit head, salvagees the rig, 127mm drilling rod cuts 10mm hole, and the hole is the spiral type and distributes (upper portion leaves half a not cut hole), and scour protection device etc. is installed additional to square tile, slips.

2. And closing the water hole of the drilling tool.

2.1, a cock is buckled with a female at the upper end of a 127mm drill rod (in an open state), a conversion joint of which the diameter is 127mm to 89 is buckled with a male at the lower part, and then the drill rod with the diameter being 127mm is connected with a power head to lift up (all water return gates after the power head is opened to ensure that water vapor can be smoothly discharged).

And 2.2, additionally welding a U-shaped buckling device (with the height of 1.5 m and the final caliber of 130mm) on the drill floor, adjusting the buckling device to a buckling position, fastening a buckling rope sleeve on a 127mm drill rod in advance, and using a drill floor hoisting device to help buckling, but installing a pulley in advance.

2.3, pulling the drill rod to a butt joint position, and putting down the power head to be buckled and buckled.

And 2.4, loosening a drill rod locking device, opening the first flashboard 12, lowering the drilling tool to the position of the elevator, closing the second flashboard 17, seating the elevator, closing the cock and stopping the spraying in the drill rod.

2.5, erecting a working platform under the drill floor, opening a sliding rod 27 in the drill rod locking device, replacing a constraint part of a 127mm drilling tool, clamping the drilling rod by the constraint part to prevent the drilling tool from moving upwards, and then connecting the power unloading head with an arrow check valve and a power head.

And 2.6, opening the cock, and gradually pressing at 0.5MPa until the cock is opened if the cock cannot be opened due to pressure.

3. Drilling (it must be confirmed whether the locking device of the drill rod is loosened before the drill is lowered)

3.1, opening the second gate plate 17, lowering a first 127mm drill rod to the surface of the drilling platform, and closing the second gate plate 17.

3.2, after the drill rod locking device is confirmed to be clamped, the power head is detached, and then the operation of connecting the drill rod is carried out.

3.3, a second drill hole drilling rod is arranged, a second arrow-shaped drill hole is connected to the upper part of the second drill hole drilling rod, a drill rod locking device (hereinafter referred to as a dead clamp) is firstly opened, personnel withdraw, a second flashboard 17 (hereinafter referred to as a flashboard) is opened, a drilling tool is placed to the surface of the drilling platform, the flashboard is closed, the elevator is located, the dead clamp is clamped, and finally the power head is detached after the situation that the error does not exist is confirmed (namely, the drilling tool is ensured not to move upwards, and meanwhile, the drilling tool is ensured not to fall into the well).

3.4, the drill is switched on and off by the flashboard, the drill floor is communicated with the upper portion and the lower portion before the flashboard is switched off, and the personnel on the drill floor leave the well mouth when the flashboard is switched off. And confirming that personnel go to the wellhead to work after closing the flashboard.

3.5, drilling at least 1000 meters, and drilling as many drilling tools as possible according to the sealing condition of the flashboards.

4 killing well

4.1, according to the measured wellhead pressure, preliminarily designing the density of the slurry to be 1.20g/cm3, the viscosity to be 40-50 seconds, and preparing the 100-square high-temperature resistant slurry.

And 4.2, preparing two pump trucks in advance, and connecting related pipelines, slurry supply pipelines and slurry supply pumps.

4.3, after the drilling is finished, the temperature is reduced for more than 2 hours by using clean water in a circulating way, a mud pit needs to be dug at the end of the blowout pipe, and mud is well recovered to prevent environmental pollution. The special person is responsible for observing the return condition of the open-flow pipeline, and reports the condition that the steam and the water are not returned in the first time.

4.4, reversing the gate to re-inject the slurry, and pumping the two pump trucks and the slurry pump into the heavy slurry well killing device together. The injection amount of the pump truck is 1-1.2 square per minute, the slurry pump is 1 square per minute, the slurry pump is injected into 5 square per minute until the blowout pipeline does not return water, and the gate plate is opened to observe the return condition of the wellhead.

4.5, the wellhead does not return slurry and the well killing is successful, and the drill is started.

4.6, pulling out the drill, filling the slurry according to the volume of the drill rod, finding that the slurry is filled less or the slurry returns from the well mouth, stopping the pulling out in time, overflowing the slurry, immediately descending the drill and circularly killing the well by using the heavy slurry again. If the well leaks, the clear slurry is supplemented in time, and the liquid level is ensured to be at the well head.

5 installing wellhead device (re-fixing according to well completion conditions)

And 5.1, after the drill-out is finished, the wellhead device is disassembled, the residual half of the casing 33 with the diameter of 340mm is disassembled, and the casing 33 female coupling and the screw thread cannot be damaged.

5.2, mounting a bottom flange, and paying attention to the fact that the steel ring groove can not be damaged absolutely. And (4) coating butter on the steel ring, putting the steel ring into the steel ring groove, and then installing the gate.

The emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents is particularly suitable for blowout accident emergency of geothermal drilling and production wells, and can also be used for oil wells and gas wells.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some technical features. Therefore, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. An exhaust mechanism for geothermal well drilling accidents, characterized in that:

the exhaust pipe comprises an exhaust pipe (21) and an elbow (22), wherein the elbow (22) is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipe (21), a valve (23) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (21), the outlet of the elbow (22) faces upwards, and a drain hole (24) is arranged below the elbow (22).

2. An exhaust mechanism for a geothermal well drilling event according to claim 1, wherein:

elbow (22) are elbow bend (22), and elbow bend (22) include inlet section (31) and export section (32), and inlet section (31) are connected with exhaust duct (21), and export section (32) set up perpendicularly, and wash port (24) set up on elbow bend (22) inlet section's (31) pipe wall, and the direction is down.

3. An exhaust mechanism for a geothermal well drilling event according to claim 2, wherein:

the valve (23) is a turbine butterfly valve.

4. An exhaust mechanism for a geothermal well drilling event according to claim 3, wherein:

the end part of the exhaust pipeline (21) is a flange interface.

5. An emergency system for geothermal well drilling accidents is characterized in that:

comprises a bottom fixing device and a square box plugging device;

the square box plugging device is fixed on the bottom fixing device;

the bottom fixing device comprises a left bottom plate (1) and a right bottom plate (2) which are identical in structure, a first semicircular hole (4) is formed in the right side of the left bottom plate (1), L-shaped plates (3) are arranged on the front side and the rear side, screw holes are formed in the L-shaped plates (3), and bolts are arranged in the screw holes; the first half round holes (4) of the left bottom plate (1) and the right bottom plate (2) are butted to form a first round hole;

the square box plugging device comprises an upper box body, a lower box body and the exhaust mechanism of any one of the claims 1 to 4; the upper box body is positioned above the lower box body, and the exhaust mechanism is arranged on the side part of the lower box body;

the lower box body comprises two lower half box bodies (8) with the same structure, and the upper box body comprises two upper half box bodies (9) with the same structure;

the lower half box body (8) is a box body with an opening on one side and comprises an upper bottom plate (6), a lower bottom plate (7), two side plates and a middle plate, one ends of the two side plates are respectively connected with two sides of the middle plate, the lower bottom plate (7) is provided with a second semicircular hole (10), the middle plate is provided with an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is connected with an exhaust mechanism; the upper bottom plate (6) is provided with a third semicircular hole (11); the two lower half boxes (8) are butted into a lower box body through the end surfaces of the two side plates, through holes are formed in the end surfaces of the two side plates, bolts are arranged in the through holes, and second round holes (10) of the lower bottom plates (7) of the two lower half boxes (8) are combined into a second round hole; the front side and the rear side of the lower bottom plate (7) exceed the box body and extend outwards to form clamping edges, and the two clamping edges are respectively clamped in the L-shaped plate (3) of the bottom fixing device;

the upper bottom plate (6) is provided with a first flashboard (12), a first moving mechanism (5) and a first sliding rail (14), the first flashboard (12) is provided with a fourth semicircular hole (15), the end part of the first moving mechanism (5) is hinged with the first flashboard (12), and the first moving mechanism (5) drives the first flashboard (12) to move along the first sliding rail (14); the first gate plate (12) is connected with two slender rods (13), one end of each slender rod (13) is connected with the first gate plate (12), the other end of each slender rod extends out of the middle plate of the upper half box body (9), force is applied to each slender rod (13), and the slender rods (13) drive the first gate plate (12) to move along the first sliding rails (14); fourth semicircular holes (15) on first flashboards (12) on the two lower half boxes are butted to form fourth circular holes;

the upper half box body (9) is a box body without a bottom and with an opening on the side face and comprises a top plate (16), two side plates and a middle plate, the two side plates and the middle plate are detachably connected with an upper bottom plate (6) of the lower half box body (8), the top plate (16) is provided with a second gate plate (17), a second moving mechanism (18) and a second sliding rail (19), the second gate plate (17) is provided with a fifth semicircular hole (20), the end part of the second moving mechanism (18) is hinged with the second gate plate (17), and the second moving mechanism (18) drives the second gate plate (17) to move along the second sliding rail (19); two first half boxes (9) are butted into an upper box body through the end faces of two side plates, the end faces of the two side plates are provided with through holes, bolts are arranged in the through holes, and fifth round holes (20) on the two second flashboards (17) are butted to form fifth round holes.

6. An emergency system for geothermal well drilling events according to claim 5, wherein:

the number of the exhaust mechanisms is two, and the exhaust mechanisms are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the two lower half boxes (8).

7. An emergency system for geothermal well drilling events according to claim 6, wherein:

the end part of the exhaust pipeline (21) is connected with the middle plate of the lower half box body (8).

8. An emergency system for geothermal well drilling events according to any of claims 5 to 7, wherein:

the first moving mechanism (5) and the second moving mechanism (18) are hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders.

9. An emergency system for geothermal well drilling events according to claim 5, wherein:

the upper half box body (9) is connected with the upper bottom plate (6) of the lower half box body (8) through two side plates and a middle plate thereof through bolts.

10. An emergency system for geothermal well drilling events according to claim 5, wherein:

the aperture of a first round hole formed by butting the left bottom plate (1) and the right bottom plate (2) of the bottom fixing device is equal to that of a second round hole.

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