CN215516746U - Multistage membrane concentration oily wastewater device - Google Patents
Multistage membrane concentration oily wastewater device Download PDFInfo
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- CN215516746U CN215516746U CN202120842629.6U CN202120842629U CN215516746U CN 215516746 U CN215516746 U CN 215516746U CN 202120842629 U CN202120842629 U CN 202120842629U CN 215516746 U CN215516746 U CN 215516746U
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 38
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The oily wastewater has wide sources, if the oily wastewater is discharged out of the standard, the oily wastewater can seriously damage the environment ecology and cause energy resource waste, the penetrating fluid can be ensured to reach the relevant discharge standard by treating the oily wastewater by using the membrane separation technology, and the problems of water resource pollution and petroleum resource waste are rarely reported by using the membrane separation technology. The utility model discloses a device for concentrating oily wastewater by a multistage membrane, which can simultaneously solve the problems of water resource pollution and petroleum resource waste by a multistage membrane concentration system integrated by nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and microfiltration membrane processes. The device for concentrating the oily wastewater by the multistage membrane comprises a concentration system and a backwashing system, wherein the concentration system can effectively separate the oily wastewater, so that the concentration of oil in the oily wastewater is realized, and the purification treatment of water is also realized; the backwashing system cleans the separation membrane after the concentration is finished, and prolongs the service life of the membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a device for concentrating oily wastewater by using a multistage membrane.
Background
The oily wastewater mainly refers to wastewater containing oily substances discharged in an industrial production process. In general, the oil content in the oil-containing wastewater is classified into four types, i.e., dissolved oil, emulsified oil, dispersed oil, and floating oil (free-run) according to the form of the oil content in water and the particle size of the oil content. The oil globule of the floating oil has larger particle diameter, generally larger than 150 μm, and is easy to float on the water surface to form an oil film or an oil layer. The particle size of oil droplets of the dispersed oil is between 20 and 150 mu m, a surfactant is usually added in the emulsification process, oil droplets are difficult to coalesce by adopting a conventional sedimentation method, and the dispersed system has strong dynamic relative stability and is difficult to realize effective oil-water separation. The dissolved oil can be basically classified as a homogeneous system, the oil is dispersed in water in a molecular state, the grain diameter of oil drops is even smaller than a few nanometers, the oil and the water form a uniform and stable system, and the oil drops are difficult to remove by adopting a physical method.
The oily wastewater has wide sources, and is produced in various industries such as petroleum exploitation and refining processing, printing and textile, mechanical processing and manufacturing, steel industry, food processing, medicine manufacturing and the like. Among them, the oily wastewater generated from petroleum extraction, printing textile and pharmaceutical manufacturing is difficult to treat mainly due to its large water content and complex components. The oily wastewater of mechanical processing mainly comprises surfactant, preservative, engine oil, lubricating oil and various additives in the processing process. Processing in the steel industry produces large amounts of waste water containing grease and oil. In addition, cleaning and maintenance of equipment, cleaning of plants, etc. all produce oily wastewater. Oily wastewater from the food processing industry is mainly derived from the washing of tableware, waste residual oil, and washing water containing vegetable oil at high concentration. In addition, in recent years, the accidents of oil spill at sea are frequent, and the environmental and energy losses caused by oil leak events such as crude oil leak in gulf of mexico and diesel oil leak in northern circle of russia in 2010 cannot be estimated. Such offshore oil spill accidents also add pressure and difficulty to the treatment of oily wastewater.
In order to solve the problems that the oily wastewater pollutes water resources and causes petroleum resource waste, the oily wastewater is treated by a membrane separation technology, so that the pollution to the water resources can be effectively solved, but the problems of water resource pollution and petroleum resource waste are rarely solved by the membrane separation technology. Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a multi-stage membrane apparatus for concentrating oily wastewater to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a multi-stage membrane oily wastewater concentration device, which realizes the concentration of oil in oily wastewater, realizes the purification treatment of water and solves the problems of water resource pollution and petroleum resource waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a multi-stage membrane concentration device for oily wastewater comprises a multi-stage membrane concentration system consisting of a nanofiltration membrane (3), an ultrafiltration membrane (4) and a microfiltration membrane (5). The multi-stage membrane concentration system comprises a concentration system and a backwashing system. The concentration system is mainly used for concentrating the oily wastewater, the oily wastewater is pressurized by a pressure pump and then reaches a nanofiltration membrane (3), after the separation of the nanofiltration membrane (3), the concentrated solution reaches an ultrafiltration membrane (4), after the separation of the ultrafiltration membrane (4), the concentrated solution reaches a microfiltration membrane (5), finally, after the separation of the microfiltration membrane (5), the concentrated solution is stored in a concentrated solution storage pool (8), and the separated water is stored in a penetrating fluid storage pool (7). The backwashing system mainly cleans the separation membrane, opens the backwashing pump, and controls the valve to enable the cleaning liquid to reversely pass through the separation membrane, thereby completing the cleaning of the separation membrane.
The device for concentrating the oily wastewater by the multistage membrane mainly comprises two parts, namely: the concentration system and the backwashing system are connected in sequence through various pumps and pipelines, oily sewage enters the system and is treated in a grading way according to the particle size of oil drops in the oily sewage, and finally water discharged from the filtering device reaches the treatment standard.
In this embodiment, the concentration system includes (1) a settling tank; (2) a pressure pump; (3) a nanofiltration membrane; (4) ultrafiltration membranes; (5) a microfiltration membrane; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; F1-F21 valve; (10) a pressure gauge; (11) a flow meter.
The single-stage concentration system comprises a nanofiltration system, an ultrafiltration system and a microfiltration system, wherein the nanofiltration system comprises (1) a sedimentation tank; (2) a pressure pump; (3) a nanofiltration membrane; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; f1, F6, F12, F13 and F15 valves, wherein the ultrafiltration system comprises (1) a sedimentation tank; (2) a pressure pump; (4) ultrafiltration membranes; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; f5, F7, F2, F8, F20, F13 and F15 valves, wherein the microfiltration system comprises (1) a sedimentation tank; (2) a pressure pump; (5) a microfiltration membrane; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; f5, F9, F3, F4, F21 and F15 valves.
The secondary concentration system comprises a nanofiltration-ultrafiltration system, a nanofiltration-microfiltration system and an ultrafiltration-microfiltration system, wherein the nanofiltration-ultrafiltration system comprises (1) a sedimentation tank; (2) a pressure pump; (3) a nanofiltration membrane; (4) ultrafiltration membranes; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; f1, F2, F8, F12, F13, F15, F20 valves, and a nanofiltration-microfiltration system comprises (1) a sedimentation tank; (2) a pressure pump; (3) a nanofiltration membrane; (5) a microfiltration membrane; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; f1, F7, F9, F3, F4, F12, F13, F21, F15 valves, and an ultrafiltration-microfiltration system comprises (1) a sedimentation tank; (2) a pressure pump; (4) ultrafiltration membranes; (5) a microfiltration membrane; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; f5, F7, F2, F3, F4, F20, F13, F21 and F15 valves.
The third-level concentration system comprises (1) a sedimentation tank; (2) a pressure pump; (3) a nanofiltration membrane; (4) ultrafiltration membranes; (5) a microfiltration membrane; (7) a permeate storage tank; (8) a concentrated solution storage tank; f1, F2, F3, F4, F12, F13, F15, F20 and F21 valves.
The inlet of the nanofiltration membrane (3), the ultrafiltration membrane (4) and the microfiltration membrane (5) and the outlet of each level of penetrating fluid are respectively provided with a pressure gauge (10) and a flow meter (11); (10) the pressure gauge is used for measuring the outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the separation membrane so as to calculate the transmembrane pressure difference, (11) the flow meter is used for measuring the inlet flow and the outlet flow of the separation membrane so as to calculate the flow velocity of the membrane surface; the penetrating fluid storage pool (7) and the concentrated solution storage pool (8) adopted by the device are storage pools with scales, so that the volumes of the penetrating fluid and the concentrated solution can be better measured, and the membrane flux can be calculated.
The backwashing system mainly comprises (3) a nanofiltration membrane; (4) ultrafiltration membranes; (5) a microfiltration membrane; (6) a backwash pump; (7) a permeate storage tank; (9) cleaning the water tank; f11, F10, F14, F16, F17, F18, F19, F20 and F21 valves can realize single-stage and multi-stage cleaning.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. this a device for oily waste water is concentrated, its concentration system can accomplish the concentration of different progression through controlling different valves, for example single-stage, doublestage and tertiary, has realized the concentrated recovery to oily waste water oil in the oily waste water, has also realized the purification treatment to oily waste water, and the oily waste water through this system processing can carry out recycle, for example carry out the shower, water flowers etc..
2. This a device for oily waste water is concentrated, its anti-cleaning system can accomplish the anti-washing of different grades through controlling different valves, washs contaminated membrane at different levels, prolongs the life of membrane, increases the membrane flux of membrane.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a 3D schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention
In the figure: 1. a sedimentation tank; 2. a pressure pump; 3. a nanofiltration membrane; 4. ultrafiltration membranes; 5. a microfiltration membrane; 6. a backwash pump; 7. a permeate storage tank; 8. a concentrated solution storage tank; 9. cleaning the water tank; 10. a pressure gauge; 11. a flow meter; F1-F21.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and includes combinations between the specific embodiments.
Example 1
The multistage membrane oily wastewater concentration device of the embodiment has the following working principle and process: oily wastewater enters a sedimentation tank (1) through a sewage inlet pipe to precipitate some heavier substances in the oily wastewater, and then supernatant in the sedimentation tank (1) is extracted through a pressure pump (2). The nanofiltration system comprises the following operation steps: opening valves F1, F6, F12, F13 and F15, closing other valves, enabling the supernatant to enter a nanofiltration membrane (3) through a pipeline through a valve F1, removing a large amount of water and low-valence small-molecular solutes, concentrating oil in the supernatant, (10) measuring outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the nanofiltration membrane (3) by a pressure gauge, (11) measuring inlet flow and outlet flow of the nanofiltration membrane (3) by a flowmeter, enabling the concentrated solution obtained after treatment to enter a concentrated solution storage tank (8) through a pipeline through a valve F6, and enabling the penetrating fluid to enter a penetrating fluid storage tank (7) through valves F12, F13 and F15. The ultrafiltration system operation steps are as follows: opening valves F5, F7, F2, F8, F20, F13 and F15, closing other valves, leading supernatant into (4) an ultrafiltration membrane through valves F5, F7 and F2 through pipelines, removing a large amount of water and a small amount of small molecular substances, concentrating oil in the supernatant, (10) measuring outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the ultrafiltration membrane by a pressure gauge, (11) measuring inlet flow and outlet flow of the ultrafiltration membrane by a flowmeter, (4) leading the treated concentrated solution into (8) a concentrated solution storage tank through a valve F8 through a pipeline, and leading penetrating fluid into (7) a penetrating fluid storage tank through valves F20, F13 and F15. The operation steps of the microfiltration system are as follows: opening valves F5, F9, F3, F4, F21 and F15, closing other valves, leading the supernatant into (5) a microfiltration membrane through pipelines F5, F9 and F3, removing a large amount of water, a small amount of small molecular solutes and large molecular solutes, concentrating oil in the supernatant, (10) measuring (5) outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the microfiltration membrane by a pressure gauge, (11) measuring (5) inlet flow and outlet flow of the microfiltration membrane by a flowmeter, leading the treated concentrate into (8) a concentrate storage tank through a pipeline through a valve F4, and leading the permeate into (7) a permeate storage tank through valves F21 and F15.
Example 2
The nanofiltration-ultrafiltration system comprises the following operation steps: opening valves F1, F2, F8, F12, F13, F15 and F20, closing other valves, leading supernatant into a nanofiltration membrane through a pipeline by the valve F1, removing a large amount of water and low-price small-molecular solutes, concentrating oil in the supernatant, (10) measuring outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the nanofiltration membrane by a pressure gauge, (11) measuring inlet flow and outlet flow of the nanofiltration membrane by a flowmeter, (3) leading concentrated solution obtained after treatment into an ultrafiltration membrane through a pipeline by the valve F2, and leading penetrating fluid into a penetrating fluid storage tank by the valves F12, F13 and F15. The concentrated solution is treated by an ultrafiltration membrane (4) to remove water and a small amount of small molecular substances, oil in the concentrated solution is further concentrated, (10) a pressure gauge measures outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the ultrafiltration membrane (4), (11) a flowmeter measures inlet flow and outlet flow of the ultrafiltration membrane (4), the concentrated solution obtained after treatment enters a concentrated solution storage tank (8) through a valve F8 through a pipeline, and penetrating fluid enters a penetrating fluid storage tank (7) through valves F20, F13 and F15.
Example 3
The nanofiltration-microfiltration system comprises the following operation steps: valves F1, F7, F9, F3, F4, F12, F13, F21 and F15 are opened, other valves are closed, the supernatant enters (3) a nanofiltration membrane through a pipeline through a valve F1, a large amount of water and low-valent small molecular solutes are removed, oil in the supernatant is concentrated, (10) a pressure gauge measures (3) outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the nanofiltration membrane, (11) a flowmeter measures (3) inlet flow and outlet flow of the nanofiltration membrane, the concentrated solution obtained after treatment enters (5) a microfiltration membrane through pipelines through valves F7, F9 and F3, and the penetrating fluid enters (7) a penetrating fluid storage tank through valves F12, F13 and F15. The concentrated solution is treated by (5) a microfiltration membrane to remove water, a small amount of small molecular solutes and large molecular solutes and further concentrate oil in the concentrated solution, (10) a pressure gauge measures (5) outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the microfiltration membrane, (11) a flowmeter measures (5) inlet flow and outlet flow of the microfiltration membrane, the concentrated solution obtained after treatment enters (8) a concentrated solution storage tank through a pipeline through a valve F4, and the penetrating fluid enters (7) a penetrating fluid storage tank through valves F21 and F15.
Example 4
The operation steps of the ultrafiltration-microfiltration system are as follows: opening valves F5, F7, F2, F3, F4, F20, F13, F21 and F15, closing other valves, enabling the supernatant to enter (4) an ultrafiltration membrane through pipelines and valves F5, F7 and F2 to remove a large amount of water and a small amount of small molecular substances, concentrating oil in the supernatant, (10) measuring outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the ultrafiltration membrane by a pressure gauge, (11) measuring inlet flow and outlet flow of the ultrafiltration membrane by a flowmeter (4), enabling the concentrated solution obtained after treatment to enter (5) a microfiltration membrane through a pipeline and a valve F3, and enabling the penetrating fluid to enter (7) a penetrating fluid storage tank through valves F20, F13 and F15. The concentrated solution is treated by (5) a microfiltration membrane to remove water, a small amount of small molecular solutes and large molecular solutes and further concentrate oil in the concentrated solution, (10) a pressure gauge measures (5) outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the microfiltration membrane, (11) a flowmeter measures (5) inlet flow and outlet flow of the microfiltration membrane, the concentrated solution obtained after treatment enters (8) a concentrated solution storage tank through a pipeline through a valve F4, and the penetrating fluid enters (7) a penetrating fluid storage tank through valves F21 and F15.
Example 5
The operation steps of the three-stage concentration system are as follows: opening valves F1, F2, F3, F4, F12, F13, F15, F20 and F21, closing other valves, leading supernatant to enter (3) a nanofiltration membrane through a pipeline by a valve F1, removing a large amount of water and low-price small-molecular solutes, concentrating oil in the supernatant, (10) measuring outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the nanofiltration membrane by a pressure gauge, (11) measuring inlet flow and outlet flow of the nanofiltration membrane by a flowmeter, (3) leading concentrated solution obtained after treatment to enter (4) the ultrafiltration membrane through a pipeline by a valve F2, and leading penetrating fluid to enter (7) a penetrating fluid storage tank through valves F12, F13 and F15. The concentrated solution is treated by an ultrafiltration membrane (4) to remove water and a small amount of small molecular substances, oil in the concentrated solution is further concentrated, (10) a pressure gauge measures outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the ultrafiltration membrane (4), (11) a flowmeter measures inlet flow and outlet flow of the ultrafiltration membrane (4), the concentrated solution obtained after treatment enters a microfiltration membrane (5) through a valve F3 through a pipeline, and penetrating fluid enters a penetrating fluid storage tank (7) through valves F20, F13 and F15; the concentrated solution is treated by (5) a microfiltration membrane to remove water, a small amount of small molecular solutes and large molecular solutes and further concentrate oil in the concentrated solution, (10) a pressure gauge measures (5) outlet pressure and inlet pressure of the microfiltration membrane, (11) a flowmeter measures (5) inlet flow and outlet flow of the microfiltration membrane, the concentrated solution obtained after treatment enters (8) a concentrated solution storage tank through a pipeline through a valve F4, and the penetrating fluid enters (7) a penetrating fluid storage tank through valves F21 and F15.
Example 6
The operation steps of the backwashing system are as follows: opening valves F11, F10, F14, F16, F17, F18, F19, F20 and F21, closing other valves, opening (6) a backwashing pump, closing (2) a pressure pump, and taking (7) penetrating fluid in a penetrating fluid storage tank as a cleaning fluid to reversely pass through a pipeline, enter (3) a nanofiltration membrane through a valve F11 and F10, enter (4) an ultrafiltration membrane through a valve F11, F14 and F20, enter (5) a microfiltration membrane through a valve F11, F16 and F21, and simultaneously cleaning each separation membrane. Backwashing water flows into (9) a cleaning water pool through valves F17, F18 and F19 to be stored; valves F11, F10 and F17 are opened, and the other valves are closed, so that (3) the nanofiltration membrane is independently cleaned; valves F11, F14, F20 and F18 are opened, and the rest valves are closed, so that (4) the ultrafiltration membrane can be cleaned independently; and (5) the microfiltration membrane can be cleaned independently by opening the valves F11, F16, F21 and F19 and closing the rest valves.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a multistage membrane concentration oily waste water device which characterized in that: mainly comprises a concentration system and a backwashing system; the concentration system is communicated with the backwashing system through a pipeline and a valve; the concentration system comprises a sedimentation tank (1), a pressure pump (2), a nanofiltration membrane (3), an ultrafiltration membrane (4), a microfiltration membrane (5), a penetrating fluid storage tank (7) and a concentrated solution storage tank (8) which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline and a valve; the backwashing system comprises a nanofiltration membrane (3), an ultrafiltration membrane (4), a microfiltration membrane (5), a backwashing pump (6), a penetrating fluid storage pool (7) and a cleaning water pool (9) which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline and a valve.
2. The apparatus for concentrating oily wastewater by using a multi-stage membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the nanofiltration membrane (3), the ultrafiltration membrane (4) and the microfiltration membrane (5) measure the pressure and flow of an inlet and an outlet through a pressure gauge (10) and a flow meter (11), and control the pressure and flow of the inlet and the outlet through the opening degrees of a pressure pump (2) and a valve.
3. The apparatus for concentrating oily wastewater by using a multi-stage membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the penetrating fluid storage tank (7) and the concentrated solution storage tank (8) contain scales, so that the volumes of the penetrating fluid and the concentrated solution can be measured better.
4. The apparatus for concentrating oily wastewater by using a multi-stage membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the nanofiltration membrane (3), the ultrafiltration membrane (4) and the microfiltration membrane (5) are in the shape of hollow fibers or plates, tubes or coils.
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Granted publication date: 20220114 |