CN215403311U - Reactor for treating sewage in villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge - Google Patents
Reactor for treating sewage in villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN215403311U CN215403311U CN202121677815.5U CN202121677815U CN215403311U CN 215403311 U CN215403311 U CN 215403311U CN 202121677815 U CN202121677815 U CN 202121677815U CN 215403311 U CN215403311 U CN 215403311U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a reactor for treating town sewage based on aerobic granular sludge; the reactor, comprising: the system comprises a water inlet system, a water drainage system, a middle drainage system, a sludge discharge system, an air supply system and an intelligent control system; the utility model also relates to a method for treating sewage by using the reactor; compared with other village and town sewage treatment processes, the aerobic granular sludge-based reactor for treating the village and town sewage provided by the utility model has the advantages of higher efficient biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability, simple process structure, no need of a secondary sedimentation tank, small occupied area, good sludge settleability, easiness in sludge-water separation, few mechanical equipment, strong impact load resistance capability, high automation and intelligence degrees, simplicity in operation and management, low operation energy consumption and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of sewage treatment; in particular to a reactor for treating sewage in villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge.
Background
At present, the common village and town sewage treatment in China is divided into a biological treatment technology, an ecological treatment technology and a combined treatment process. The biological treatment process comprises an activated sludge method, biological contact oxidation, MBR, a combination process thereof and the like, wherein the activated sludge method commonly comprises AO, AAO, SBR, an improved process thereof and the like. The ecological treatment technology is to purify sewage by utilizing the compound action of soil, plants and microorganisms through the actions of filtration, absorption and decomposition, and common methods of the ecological treatment technology comprise an artificial wetland, a soil infiltration purification system, an oxidation pond and the like.
SBR is an intermittent activated sludge process, and is operated and circulated in the same reaction tank according to the steps of water feeding, reaction, precipitation, water drainage and idling in time sequence. The anaerobic stage and the aerobic stage are alternately carried out, which is beneficial to removing organic matters. The integrated village and town sewage treatment equipment using the SBR process as the main process has the characteristics of simple process flow and less structure, and is relatively suitable for village and town sewage.
The MBR process is a process consisting of a membrane biological treatment unit and a membrane separation unit. The MBR process is characterized in that a membrane module is arranged in a bioreactor, inlet water enters the membrane bioreactor, most pollutants are removed by activated sludge in a mixture, and then treated clean water is filtered out by the membrane under the action of external pressure. The sludge age of the MBR process is long, the microbial concentration in water can be kept at a high level, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is high, and the occupied area is small.
Aerobic Granular Sludge (AGS) is a granular activated sludge formed by the self-coagulation of microorganisms under aerobic environmental conditions. Compared with common activated sludge, the activated sludge has the characteristics of large relative density, high settling speed, difficult sludge bulking, strong impact resistance, capability of bearing high organic load, easy sludge-water separation, integration of microorganisms with different properties (aerobic, facultative and anaerobic microorganisms), and the like. The research and the proposal of the AGS begin in 1991, the research of the subsequent AGS is in an increasing trend, and a great deal of experiments and researches are carried out on the aspects of the formation mechanism, influencing factors, rapid culture, characteristic research, storage, organic matter removal effect and the like of the AGS.
The mechanism of formation of aerobic granular sludge has not been clearly defined, and various researchers have proposed various hypotheses on formation of aerobic granular sludge, including a nucleus hypothesis, a filamentous fungi hypothesis, a microbial self-aggregation hypothesis, a selective pressure hypothesis, an extracellular polymeric hypothesis, and the like. The formation mechanism with higher recognition degree is a four-step formation mechanism, and the four steps are sequentially as follows: (1) the original cells mutually collide, contact and agglomerate; (2) the self-aggregation microorganisms are connected to form a microorganism aggregate due to the influence of physical and chemical actions and the hydrophobicity of the cell surface; (3) the microbial aggregates are encapsulated by extracellular polymers secreted therefrom, which are a type of viscous substance produced by the metabolism of microorganisms, wherein proteins are the main components of EPS; (4) under the influence of external selective pressure, hydraulic shearing force, reactor configuration, operation conditions and the like, the microorganism aggregates are agglomerated to form aerobic granular sludge.
The biggest defect of the existing integrated sewage treatment facility for villages and towns is that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency is not high enough, and meanwhile, some problems caused by distributed treatment are solved to a certain extent by using part of villages and towns adopting intelligent sewage treatment equipment, but the problems that the design and operation capacity of part of sewage treatment facilities is far larger than the actual sewage receiving scale and the utilization rate is low still exist. And the intelligent degree of the monitoring equipment is low, the equipment operation condition can only be judged, the complex condition and the effluent water quality condition can not be judged, and manual regular inspection and sampling are still needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a reactor for treating town sewage based on aerobic granular sludge. Aiming at the defects, the utility model provides the reactor for treating the sewage in the villages and the towns based on the aerobic granular sludge, compared with other village and town sewage treatment processes, the reactor has the advantages of higher efficient biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability, simple process structure, no need of a secondary sedimentation tank, small occupied area, good sludge settleability, easy sludge-water separation, less mechanical equipment, strong impact load resistance, high automation and intelligence degrees, simple operation and management, low operation energy consumption and the like.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model relates to a reactor for treating town sewage based on aerobic granular sludge, which comprises: the system comprises a water inlet system, a water drainage system, a middle drainage system, a sludge discharge system, an aeration system and an intelligent control system;
the water intake system includes: a water inlet pipeline 2, an automatic water inlet valve 3 and a water distribution pipe 4 arranged at the bottom in the reactor;
the drainage system includes: the water outlet weir 5, the water outlet channel 6 and the water outlet pipeline 7 are arranged at the top in the reactor;
the middle row system comprises: a middle discharge pipeline 8 and a middle discharge automatic valve 9 which are arranged in the middle part in the reactor;
the sludge discharge system comprises: a sludge discharge pipeline 10 and a sludge discharge automatic valve 11 which are arranged in the middle part in the reactor;
the aeration system comprises: an air supply system 12, an aerator 14 and an air pipeline 13.
The utility model also relates to a sewage treatment method of the reactor for treating the sewage in villages and towns based on the aerobic granular sludge,
the first scheme is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, simultaneously, water feeding and draining: the intelligent control system controls an automatic water inlet valve 3 of the water inlet system to be opened, sewage enters the reactor through a water inlet at the bottom of the reactor 1 and then uniformly moves from bottom to top through the water distributor, the liquid level of liquid in the reactor rises along with the inlet water, when the liquid level reaches the height of a water outlet weir 5 of the drainage system, the reactor 1 starts to automatically flow and drain water, the water inlet amount is equal to the water drainage amount at the moment, the drainage is stopped at the same time when the inlet water stops, and the reactor 1 enters a transient sedimentation state;
step 2, intermediate drainage: the intelligent control system controls the middle drainage automatic valve 9 of the middle drainage system to be opened, the upper layer liquid in the reactor 1 is drained out of the reactor 1 through the middle drainage pipeline 8, when the liquid level of the liquid in the reactor 1 is reduced to a certain distance below the height of the water outlet weir 5 of the drainage system, the middle drainage automatic valve 9 of the middle drainage system is closed, the middle drainage action is stopped, and the reactor 1 enters a transient sedimentation state;
step 3, intermittent aeration: the intelligent control system controls the air supply system 12 to supply air, the air is introduced into the reactor 1 through the aerator 14 at the bottom of the reactor 1, sludge in the reactor 1 is fully mixed, stirred and diffused into the whole reactor, and the intelligent control system controls the starting frequency and the air supply quantity of the air supply equipment in the air supply system 12 according to the real-time feedback data of the online water quality analysis instrument arranged in the reactor 1;
and 4, precipitating and discharging sludge: after the aeration period is finished, the reactor 1 immediately enters a transient sedimentation state, then the intelligent control system controls the sludge discharge device to discharge sludge, and the sludge with poor settling property on the upper layer of the sludge bed is discharged from the reactor 1.
The utility model also relates to a sewage treatment method of the reactor for treating the sewage in villages and towns based on the aerobic granular sludge,
the second scheme is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, simultaneously, water feeding and draining: the intelligent control system controls the water inlet automatic valve 3 of the water inlet system to be opened, sewage enters the reactor 1 through the water inlet at the bottom of the reactor 1 and then uniformly moves from bottom to top through the water distribution pipe 4, the liquid level of liquid in the reactor 1 rises along with the water inlet, when the liquid level reaches the height of the water outlet weir 6 of the water outlet system, the reactor 1 starts to drain water, the water inlet amount is equal to the water drainage amount, and the water drainage is stopped when the water inlet is stopped;
step 2, sludge discharge: after the water inlet stage is finished, the intelligent control system controls the sludge discharge device to discharge sludge with poor settling performance on the upper layer of the sludge bed into the reactor 1;
step 3, intermittent aeration: the intelligent control system controls an air supply system 12 to supply air, the air is introduced into the reactor 1 through an aerator 14 at the bottom of the reactor, sludge in the reactor 1 is fully mixed, stirred and diffused into the whole reactor, and the intelligent control system controls the starting frequency and the air supply quantity of air supply equipment in the air supply system according to real-time feedback data of an online water quality analysis instrument arranged in the reactor;
and 4, precipitation: after the aeration period is finished, the reactor enters a precipitation state.
Preferably, the corollary equipment of the intelligent control system at least comprises an online water quality analysis instrument, a liquid level meter and a flow meter.
Preferably, the intelligent control system comprises: local control, touch screen control and remote control. The intelligent control system has complete equipment including on-line water quality analyzer, level meter, flowmeter, etc. The intelligent diagnosis and control system has the functions of integrated management, visual operation, intelligent diagnosis and control and the like, and can display process pictures, reports, curves, alarms and the like through an intelligent platform.
The remote control realizes the following functions:
remotely controlling the starting and stopping of part of mechanical equipment;
remotely setting the opening and closing state and the opening degree of the valve;
remotely setting upper limit and lower limit alarm values of partial parameters;
fourthly, the remote control needs to be granted with operation authority and carries out secondary confirmation;
and fifthly, the manager can check the on-site key operation parameters through the mobile phone APP, when the equipment goes wrong, the software automatically alarms and sends information to the mobile phone of the site responsible person.
The principle of the utility model is as follows: the first step is as follows: water inflow and drainage, namely sewage uniformly enters the reactor from the bottom of the reactor with a certain height-diameter ratio, passes through the aerobic granular sludge layer from bottom to top, and clean water treated on the upper layer of the reactor is replaced out of the reactor; at the moment, an anaerobic environment is formed in the reactor, phosphorus is released by phosphorus accumulating bacteria in the aerobic granular sludge in the anaerobic environment, and most of biodegradable organic carbon in the sewage is removed;
the second step is that: intermittent aeration-air supply system supplies air, the air is introduced into the reactor through an aerator at the bottom of the reactor, so that the air and the sludge are fully mixed and stirred, the sewage is subjected to anaerobic-aerobic switching circulation inside the granular sludge, the number of phosphorus accumulating bacteria is rapidly increased, and the phosphorus is removed by discharging residual sludge rich in phosphorus. The nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen in an aerobic environment, and the denitrifying bacteria perform denitrification in an anoxic environment, so that high-efficiency nitrogen and phosphorus removal is realized, and the aim of purifying sewage is fulfilled;
the third step: and (2) precipitating sludge discharge, namely rapidly settling the sludge with good settling property to the bottom of the reactor, suspending the sludge (flocculent sludge) with poor settling property on the upper layer of a sludge bed, selecting proper sludge discharge time, and discharging the sludge with poor settling property on the middle upper part of the reactor out of the reactor after the aerobic granular sludge bed is expanded. According to the influence of the external hydraulics and the selective pressure, the aerobic granular sludge is gradually screened and left, and the flocculent sludge is screened out of the reactor. By repeating this operation, the sludge settleability in the reactor gradually becomes better, the sludge concentration gradually increases, and finally SV5 approaches SV 30.
The utility model has the following advantages:
the process flow is simple, the bioreactor is divided into an aerobic section, an anaerobic section and a facultative section by time, the integrated design is realized, and the occupied area is small;
secondly, the aerobic granular sludge has high density and good settleability, the settling rate of the aerobic granular sludge is about 3 times of that of common flocculated sludge, the sludge and water are easy to separate, a secondary sedimentation tank is not needed, and the sludge does not flow back;
the sludge concentration is high, the biological strains are rich, the high-efficiency biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability is realized, and the sewage treatment effect is good aiming at low carbon-nitrogen ratio;
the impact load resistance is strong, and the influence of the change of water quality or water quantity on the system is small;
the excess sludge amount is less, and the secondary pollution and the sludge treatment cost are reduced.
Part of mechanical equipment does not continuously operate, but is intelligently and automatically controlled, so that the energy consumption is low;
the water inlet and outlet with constant liquid level do not need a decanter;
and the automation degree is high, and the operation management are simple.
And ninthly, the intelligent degree is high, the water quality is automatically monitored, and remote intelligent operation and maintenance can be concentrated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a reactor for treating town sewage based on aerobic granular sludge according to the present invention;
the system comprises a reactor 1, a water inlet pipeline 2, an automatic water inlet valve 3, a water distribution pipe 4, a water outlet weir 5, a water outlet channel 6, a water outlet pipeline 7, a middle discharge pipeline 8, a middle discharge automatic valve 9, a sludge discharge pipeline 10, an automatic sludge discharge valve 11, an air supply system 12, an air pipeline 13 and an aerator 14;
fig. 2 is a frame diagram of the working principle of the reactor components for treating sewage in villages and towns.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a reactor for treating town sewage based on aerobic granular sludge, which is shown in attached figures 1 and 2:
a reactor for treating sewage in villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge, comprising: the system comprises a water inlet system, a water drainage system, a middle drainage system, a sludge discharge system, an aeration system and an intelligent control system;
the water intake system includes: a water inlet pipeline 2, an automatic water inlet valve 3 and a water distribution pipe 4 arranged at the bottom in the reactor;
the drainage system includes: the water outlet weir 5, the water outlet channel 6 and the water outlet pipeline 7 are arranged at the top in the reactor;
the middle row system comprises: a middle discharge pipeline 8 and a middle discharge automatic valve 9 which are arranged in the middle part in the reactor;
the sludge discharge system comprises: a sludge discharge pipeline 10 and a sludge discharge automatic valve 11 which are arranged in the middle part in the reactor;
the aeration system comprises: an air supply system 12, an aerator 14 and an air pipeline 13.
In practical use, the reactor can be operated by a single reactor, and the reactor can also be operated by crossing 2 or more reactors. When 2 or more reactors are operated in a cross mode, sewage enters each reactor in sequence as a whole, the reactors coordinate with each other to complete the sewage purification function as an organic whole, but each reactor is subjected to intermittent water feeding and intermittent water discharging. The operation of each reactor is carried out stage by stage and according to the time sequence, most organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are removed, and the generated residual sludge can be used for sanitary landfill or aerobic composting in villages and small towns.
The embodiment also relates to a sewage treatment method of the reactor for treating the sewage in villages and towns based on the aerobic granular sludge, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, simultaneously, water feeding and draining: the intelligent control system controls an automatic water inlet valve 3 of the water inlet system to be opened, sewage enters the reactor through a water inlet at the bottom of the reactor 1 and then uniformly moves from bottom to top through the water distributor, the liquid level of liquid in the reactor rises along with the inlet water, when the liquid level reaches the height of a water outlet weir 5 of the drainage system, the reactor 1 starts to automatically flow and drain water, the water inlet amount is equal to the water drainage amount at the moment, the drainage is stopped at the same time when the inlet water stops, and the reactor 1 enters a transient sedimentation state;
step 2, intermediate drainage: the intelligent control system controls the middle drainage automatic valve 9 of the middle drainage system to be opened, the upper layer liquid in the reactor 1 is drained out of the reactor 1 through the middle drainage pipeline 8, when the liquid level of the liquid in the reactor 1 is reduced to a certain distance below the height of the water outlet weir 5 of the drainage system, the middle drainage automatic valve 9 of the middle drainage system is closed, the middle drainage action is stopped, and the reactor 1 enters a transient sedimentation state;
step 3, intermittent aeration: the intelligent control system controls the air supply system 12 to supply air, the air is introduced into the reactor 1 through the aerator 14 at the bottom of the reactor 1, sludge in the reactor 1 is fully mixed, stirred and diffused into the whole reactor, and the intelligent control system controls the starting frequency and the air supply quantity of the air supply equipment in the air supply system 12 according to the real-time feedback data of the online water quality analysis instrument arranged in the reactor 1;
and 4, precipitating and discharging sludge: after the aeration period is finished, the reactor 1 immediately enters a transient sedimentation state, then the intelligent control system controls the sludge discharge device to discharge sludge, and the sludge with poor settling property on the upper layer of the sludge bed is discharged from the reactor 1.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a reactor for treating town sewage based on aerobic granular sludge, which is shown in attached figures 1 and 2:
a reactor for treating sewage in villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge, comprising: the system comprises a water inlet system, a water drainage system, a middle drainage system, a sludge discharge system, an aeration system and an intelligent control system;
the water intake system includes: a water inlet pipeline 2, an automatic water inlet valve 3 and a water distribution pipe 4 arranged at the bottom in the reactor;
the drainage system includes: the water outlet weir 5, the water outlet channel 6 and the water outlet pipeline 7 are arranged at the top in the reactor;
the middle row system comprises: a middle discharge pipeline 8 and a middle discharge automatic valve 9 which are arranged in the middle part in the reactor;
the sludge discharge system comprises: a sludge discharge pipeline 10 and a sludge discharge automatic valve 11 which are arranged in the middle part in the reactor;
the aeration system comprises: an air supply system 12, an aerator 14 and an air pipeline 13.
In practical use, the reactor can be operated by a single reactor, and the reactor can also be operated by crossing 2 or more reactors. When 2 or more reactors are operated in a cross mode, sewage enters each reactor in sequence as a whole, the reactors coordinate with each other to complete the sewage purification function as an organic whole, but each reactor is subjected to intermittent water feeding and intermittent water discharging. The operation of each reactor is carried out stage by stage and according to the time sequence, most organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are removed, and the generated residual sludge can be used for sanitary landfill or aerobic composting in villages and small towns.
The embodiment also relates to a sewage treatment method of the reactor for treating the sewage in villages and towns based on the aerobic granular sludge, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, simultaneously, water feeding and draining: the intelligent control system controls the water inlet automatic valve 3 of the water inlet system to be opened, sewage enters the reactor 1 through the water inlet at the bottom of the reactor 1 and then uniformly moves from bottom to top through the water distribution pipe 4, the liquid level of liquid in the reactor 1 rises along with the water inlet, when the liquid level reaches the height of the water outlet weir 6 of the water outlet system, the reactor 1 starts to drain water, the water inlet amount is equal to the water drainage amount, and the water drainage is stopped when the water inlet is stopped;
step 2, sludge discharge: after the water inlet stage is finished, the intelligent control system controls the sludge discharge device to discharge sludge with poor settling performance on the upper layer of the sludge bed into the reactor 1;
step 3, intermittent aeration: the intelligent control system controls an air supply system 12 to supply air, the air is introduced into the reactor 1 through an aerator 14 at the bottom of the reactor, sludge in the reactor 1 is fully mixed, stirred and diffused into the whole reactor, and the intelligent control system controls the starting frequency and the air supply quantity of air supply equipment in the air supply system according to real-time feedback data of an online water quality analysis instrument arranged in the reactor;
and 4, precipitation: after the aeration period is finished, the reactor enters a precipitation state.
Preferably, the intelligent control system comprises: local control, touch screen control and remote control. The intelligent control system has complete equipment including on-line water quality analyzer, level meter, flowmeter, etc. The intelligent diagnosis and control system has the functions of integrated management, visual operation, intelligent diagnosis and control and the like, and can display process pictures, reports, curves, alarms and the like through an intelligent platform.
The remote control realizes the following functions:
remotely controlling the starting and stopping of part of mechanical equipment;
remotely setting the opening and closing state of the valve and the setting of the opening state pressure;
remotely setting upper limit and lower limit alarm values of partial parameters;
fourthly, the remote control needs to be granted with the operation authority and carries out secondary confirmation
And fifthly, the manager can check the on-site key operation parameters through the mobile phone APP, when the equipment goes wrong, the software automatically alarms and sends information to the mobile phone of the site responsible person.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
the process flow is simple, the bioreactor is divided into an aerobic section, an anaerobic section and a facultative section by time, the integrated design is realized, and the occupied area is small;
secondly, the aerobic granular sludge has high density and good settleability, the settling rate of the aerobic granular sludge is about 3 times of that of common flocculated sludge, the sludge and water are easy to separate, a secondary sedimentation tank is not needed, and the sludge does not flow back;
the sludge concentration is high, the biological strains are rich, the high-efficiency biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability is realized, and the sewage treatment effect is good aiming at low carbon-nitrogen ratio;
the impact load resistance is strong, and the influence of the change of water quality or water quantity on the system is small;
the excess sludge amount is less, and the secondary pollution and the sludge treatment cost are reduced.
Part of mechanical equipment does not continuously operate, but is intelligently and automatically controlled, so that the energy consumption is low;
the water inlet and outlet with constant liquid level do not need a decanter;
and the automation degree is high, and the operation management are simple.
And ninthly, the intelligent degree is high, the water quality is automatically monitored, and remote intelligent operation and maintenance can be concentrated.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the utility model.
Claims (1)
1. A reactor for treating sewage in villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a water inlet system, a water drainage system, a middle drainage system, a sludge discharge system, an aeration system and an intelligent control system;
the water intake system includes: a water inlet pipeline (2), an automatic water inlet valve (3) and a water distribution pipe (4) arranged at the bottom in the reactor;
the drainage system includes: an effluent weir (5), an effluent channel (6) and an effluent pipeline (7) which are arranged at the top in the reactor;
the middle row system comprises: a middle discharge pipeline (8) and a middle discharge automatic valve (9) which are arranged in the middle part in the reactor;
the sludge discharge system comprises: a sludge discharge pipeline (10) and a sludge discharge automatic valve (11) which are arranged in the middle of the reactor;
the aeration system comprises: an air supply system (12), an aerator (14) and an air pipeline (13).
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| CN113371822A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-10 | 许孝瑜 | Reactor for treating sewage of villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge and sewage treatment method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113371822A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-10 | 许孝瑜 | Reactor for treating sewage of villages and towns based on aerobic granular sludge and sewage treatment method |
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