CN215374984U - PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology - Google Patents
PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology. The PM2.5 monitoring system comprises a data processing module, a first sensor module, a second sensor module, a wireless transmission module, a power supply module and an unmanned aerial vehicle; the data processing module is respectively connected with the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the power supply module is respectively connected with the data processing module, the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the unmanned aerial vehicle; data processing module, first sensor module, second sensor module, wireless transmission module and power module all carries on unmanned aerial vehicle is last. The utility model realizes the effective monitoring of the air PM2.5 environmental quality based on terrain classification.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of environmental monitoring, in particular to a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology.
Background
In the current environmental monitoring, PM2.5 is regarded as an important monitoring index, and the concentration of PM2.5 in the air is greatly influenced by different terrain conditions, different environmental altitudes and different time. Therefore, how to monitor the real-time monitoring is still a current research hotspot. Nowadays, the unmanned aerial vehicle technology has received attention from many industrial fields due to its flexible operation mode and strong bearing capacity. Wherein, a plurality of fields such as geological exploration, colliery earlier stage reconnaissance are used to the coupled system that combines together unmanned aerial vehicle and remote sensing technique. In the field of environmental monitoring, many researches are focused on real-time and accurate monitoring of PM2.5 by using unmanned aerial vehicles and sensor technologies, including a laser dust sensor-based PM2.5 multifunctional detector designed by heyofeng et al, a DSM501A dust sensor-based PM2.5 detecting instrument designed by wanhowai et al, and the like. However, there is a fresh research on the situations that the current unmanned endurance is short, the fusion of the terrain information and the PM2.5 concentration detection is poor, and the data related to the PM2.5 concentration in the air, such as the data of wind speed, altitude, air humidity and the like, cannot be synchronously acquired. Therefore, a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology is needed to realize effective monitoring of air PM2.5 environmental quality based on terrain classification.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, which realizes effective monitoring of air PM2.5 environmental quality based on terrain classification.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme:
a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology comprises: the system comprises a data processing module, a first sensor module, a second sensor module, a wireless transmission module, a power supply module and an unmanned aerial vehicle;
the data processing module is respectively connected with the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the power supply module is respectively connected with the data processing module, the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the data processing module, the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the power supply module are all carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the first sensor module is used for collecting PM2.5 concentration of an area to be monitored;
the second sensor module is used for acquiring the wind speed, the air humidity and the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the current position according to the starting signal sent by the data processing module;
the camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for shooting an image of the current position according to the starting signal sent by the data processing module;
the data processing module is used for judging whether the concentration of the PM2.5 exceeds a concentration threshold value or not, and sending the starting signal to the second sensor module and a camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the concentration of the PM2.5 exceeds the concentration threshold value; the data processing module is also used for sending the wind speed and the air humidity of the current position, the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the image of the current position to the receiving end of an operator through the wireless transmission module.
Optionally, the first sensor module includes: PM2.5 sensor.
Optionally, the second sensor module includes: a wind speed sensor, an air humidity sensor, and a height sensor.
Optionally, the power supply module is a solar array battery.
Optionally, the data processing module is a single chip microcomputer.
Optionally, the data processing module includes a determining unit and a storage unit;
the judging unit is respectively connected with the storage unit and the first sensor module;
the storage unit is used for storing the concentration threshold value and a set route;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the PM2.5 concentration exceeds the concentration threshold value.
Optionally, the PM2.5 monitoring system further includes: a GPS module;
the GPS module is carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle and connected with the judging unit, and is used for acquiring the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time and transmitting the position to the judging unit;
the judging unit is also used for judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle is in the set air route according to the position.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the utility model, the utility model discloses the following technical effects:
according to the PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, remote sensing image recognition technology, unmanned aerial vehicle technology and PM2.5 real-time monitoring technology are coupled, and various sensor modules are carried to synchronously acquire related data in real time, so that effective monitoring of air PM2.5 environmental quality based on terrain classification is achieved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of PM2.5 monitoring based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims to provide a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, which realizes effective monitoring of air PM2.5 environmental quality based on terrain classification.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, as shown in fig. 1, the PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, provided by the present invention, includes: data processing module 1, first sensor module, second sensor module, wireless transmission module 2, power module and unmanned aerial vehicle. The first sensor module includes: PM2.5 sensor 4. The power supply module is a solar array battery 8. The second sensor module includes: a wind speed sensor 5, an air humidity sensor 6 and a height sensor 7. The data processing module 1 is a single chip microcomputer.
In order to improve the efficiency of the power module, the solar array battery 8 is installed on the top of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The data processing module 1 is respectively connected with the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module 2 and the unmanned aerial vehicle camera 3.
The power supply module is respectively connected with the data processing module 1, the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module 2 and the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Data processing module 1, first sensor module, second sensor module, wireless transmission module 2 and power module all carries on unmanned aerial vehicle is last.
The first sensor module is used for collecting PM2.5 concentration of an area to be monitored.
The second sensor module is used for acquiring the wind speed, the air humidity and the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the current position according to the starting signal sent by the data processing module 1.
The camera 3 of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for shooting the image of the current position according to the starting signal sent by the data processing module 1.
The data processing module 1 is configured to determine whether the concentration of PM2.5 exceeds a concentration threshold, and send the start signal to the second sensor module and the camera 3 of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the concentration of PM2.5 exceeds the concentration threshold; the data processing module 1 is also used for sending the wind speed, the air humidity of the current position, the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the image of the current position to the receiving end of an operator through the wireless transmission module 2.
The data processing module 1 includes a judgment unit and a storage unit.
The judging unit is respectively connected with the storage unit and the first sensor module.
The storage unit is used for storing the concentration threshold value and a set route.
The judging unit is used for judging whether the PM2.5 concentration exceeds the concentration threshold value.
The PM2.5 monitoring system further comprises: and a GPS module 9.
The GPS module 9 is carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle and connected with the judging unit, and the GPS module 9 is used for acquiring the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time and transmitting the position to the judging unit.
The judging unit is also used for judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle is in the set air route according to the position.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of PM2.5 monitoring based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the operation process of the PM2.5 monitoring system specifically includes:
unmanned plane phase
The first step is as follows: the operator presets longitude and latitude in the singlechip program according to the position and approximate range to be monitored as required, and determines the cruising route, the starting point, the ending point and the cruising boundary range of the unmanned aerial vehicle. And meanwhile, setting a concentration threshold value X of PM2.5 concentration of the monitored area, and if the concentration threshold value X is not set, monitoring according to the default concentration threshold value X in the system.
And secondly, starting the solar panel battery 8, determining that the whole situation of the unmanned aerial vehicle is good, and starting the unmanned aerial vehicle at the starting point of the cruising route to enable the unmanned aerial vehicle to stably fly above the starting point.
And thirdly, after the unmanned aerial vehicle is lifted off, starting to automatically cruise according to a preset monitoring route.
And fourthly, starting the GPS module 9, and judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle is in a preset monitoring range in real time.
And fifthly, if the unmanned aerial vehicle leaves the preset range due to natural or artificial factors and does not reach the appointed end point, the GPS module 9 is used for navigating the unmanned aerial vehicle to the nearest cruising route, and then cruising is continued. If the unmanned plane is within the specified range, the PM2.5 sensor 4 is continuously started, and the unmanned plane continues to cruise until reaching the planned end point.
Data acquisition phase
Firstly, in the normal cruising process, the PM2.5 monitor continuously works, and if the PM2.5 concentration of a certain flight point is monitored to exceed a preset range X, the single chip microcomputer controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to hover at the position.
And secondly, after the unmanned aerial vehicle hovers at the position, the singlechip can immediately start the wind speed, height and air humidity sensors 6 to record wind speed, height and air humidity data at the position, and the GPS module 9 used in flight can also record longitude and latitude coordinates at the position. Simultaneously, the randomly carried unmanned aerial vehicle camera 3 is started, and aerial photography of landform and landform is carried out in a range of 500m around the suspension point of the unmanned aerial vehicle as the circle center.
And thirdly, sending the data obtained by the image and the sensor to a receiving end of a related technician through a wireless sensor module for analyzing and researching the geography and related environmental problems.
The PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology provided by the utility model specifically comprises the following effects:
real-time classification monitoring of PM2.5 concentration may be performed. According to the utility model, by utilizing the coupling of technologies such as remote sensing image processing, GPS positioning and PM2.5 concentration real-time monitoring, after data acquisition is finished, the acquired data can be classified in the data processing module 1 according to the built-in classification standard, so that the real-time monitoring and classification of the PM2.5 concentration are realized.
The unmanned aerial vehicle duration is long. The solar panel battery 8 is used for supplying power to the whole system, and compared with a rechargeable battery, the endurance time of the system and the unmanned aerial vehicle is effectively prolonged. Meanwhile, various sensors used by the utility model, the camera 3 and the data processing module 1 which are carried randomly work only when the concentration is monitored to be abnormal, so that the electric energy of the system is saved, and the service life of each part is prolonged.
The operation is simple, and the monitoring range is wide. In the utility model, the operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle only needs the position and approximate range monitored by an operator as required, and the rest operations are completed by the singlechip and the GPS module 9 when determining the information of the cruising route, the starting point, the ending point and the like of the unmanned aerial vehicle, thereby reducing the requirements on the operator of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Meanwhile, as the solar auxiliary power supply technology is used and a large part of sensors are started only when the abnormal concentration of PM2.5 is detected, the whole power consumption of the system is low in the operation process, so that the peripheral condition of the target position can be monitored in a larger range.
Can provide various data and has high monitoring precision. The wind speed, height and air humidity sensor 6 related to the utility model can be started only when the concentration is monitored to be abnormal and the sensor hovers in the air, so that the monitoring precision is effectively ensured, and other types of data except PM2.5 concentration data are provided.
Three-dimensional data can be obtained through processing. When the PM2.5 concentration is monitored to be abnormal, the height data is collected, the image data within the range of taking the point as the center of a circle and the radius of 500m is shot by the camera 3 which is carried randomly, and the longitude and latitude coordinates of the point can be recorded together with the GPS module 9. Therefore, the height and longitude and latitude coordinate data are combined and matched with corresponding PM2.5 concentration data, corresponding pollution range three models can be established in geographic information system software such as ArcGIS and the like, and then the three models are combined with image data shot by the camera 3, so that the distribution condition of the PM2.5 concentration under various terrain conditions can be displayed more visually and stereoscopically.
The whole system has low cost and simple manufacture. Various sensors, data modules, solar sailboards and even unmanned aerial vehicles serving as carrying platforms designed in the system have a complete industrial system in the current market, and the reference and selection range is very wide, so that the simple assembly and debugging can be completed when the product is manufactured, and meanwhile, the difficulty in later maintenance of the product is reduced.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. A PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, comprising: the system comprises a data processing module, a first sensor module, a second sensor module, a wireless transmission module, a power supply module and an unmanned aerial vehicle;
the data processing module is respectively connected with the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the power supply module is respectively connected with the data processing module, the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the data processing module, the first sensor module, the second sensor module, the wireless transmission module and the power supply module are all carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the first sensor module is used for collecting PM2.5 concentration of an area to be monitored;
the second sensor module is used for acquiring the wind speed, the air humidity and the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle at the current position according to the starting signal sent by the data processing module;
the camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for shooting an image of the current position according to the starting signal sent by the data processing module;
the data processing module is used for judging whether the concentration of the PM2.5 exceeds a concentration threshold value or not, and sending the starting signal to the second sensor module and a camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the concentration of the PM2.5 exceeds the concentration threshold value; the data processing module is also used for sending the wind speed and the air humidity of the current position, the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the image of the current position to the receiving end of an operator through the wireless transmission module.
2. The PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology of claim 1, wherein the first sensor module comprises: PM2.5 sensor.
3. The PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology of claim 1, wherein the second sensor module comprises: a wind speed sensor, an air humidity sensor, and a height sensor.
4. The PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology of claim 1, wherein the power module is a solar array battery.
5. The PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology of claim 1, wherein the data processing module is a single chip microcomputer.
6. The PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology of claim 1, wherein the data processing module comprises a judging unit and a storage unit;
the judging unit is respectively connected with the storage unit and the first sensor module;
the storage unit is used for storing the concentration threshold value and a set route;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the PM2.5 concentration exceeds the concentration threshold value.
7. The PM2.5 monitoring system based on terrain classification and unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology of claim 6, wherein the PM2.5 monitoring system further comprises: a GPS module;
the GPS module is carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle and connected with the judging unit, and is used for acquiring the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time and transmitting the position to the judging unit;
the judging unit is also used for judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle is in the set air route according to the position.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115931659A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-04-07 | 信阳师范学院 | System and method for evaluating influence of flying dust of urban storage yard on air quality |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115931659A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-04-07 | 信阳师范学院 | System and method for evaluating influence of flying dust of urban storage yard on air quality |
| CN115931659B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-11-03 | 信阳师范学院 | System and method for evaluating influence of dust emission of urban storage yard on air quality |
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