CN215344025U - Input low-voltage charging circuit and charging device - Google Patents
Input low-voltage charging circuit and charging device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN215344025U CN215344025U CN202121618914.6U CN202121618914U CN215344025U CN 215344025 U CN215344025 U CN 215344025U CN 202121618914 U CN202121618914 U CN 202121618914U CN 215344025 U CN215344025 U CN 215344025U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- circuit
- input
- output end
- controller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an input low-voltage charging circuit and a charging device, comprising a detection circuit, a drive circuit, a first switch, a controller and a booster circuit, wherein: the input end of the detection circuit is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the detection circuit is connected with the first input end of the controller and used for detecting the external power supply; the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the first output end of the controller, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the controlled end of the first switch and used for amplifying an output signal of the controller; the input end of the first switch is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the first switch is connected with the input end of the booster circuit, and the booster circuit is used for boosting the input power supply. The utility model can promote the low voltage meeting the conditions to a proper level through the detection circuit, the controller switch and the booster circuit to supply power to an external load, thereby saving the step of inverting and boosting, greatly reducing the cost and improving the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of boost circuits, in particular to an input low-voltage charging circuit and a charging device.
Background
In the prior art, the household DC12V is generally used for charging the notebook computer by firstly inverting the boosted AC220V and then reducing the voltage to the DC19V meeting the design requirement of the notebook computer charging.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model mainly aims to provide an input low-voltage charging circuit, aiming at solving the technical problem that the existing household direct-current voltage charging circuit is complex in circuit design.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an input low voltage charging circuit, which includes a detection circuit, a driving circuit, a first switch, a controller, and a voltage boost circuit, wherein:
the input end of the detection circuit is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the detection circuit is connected with the first input end of the controller and used for detecting the external power supply;
the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the first output end of the controller, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the controlled end of the first switch and used for amplifying an output signal of the controller;
the input end of the first switch is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the first switch is connected with the input end of the booster circuit, the first switch is used for switching on or switching off a circuit between the external power supply and the booster circuit, and the booster circuit is used for boosting an input power supply.
The controller is characterized by further comprising a voltage stabilizing circuit used for providing a working power supply of the controller, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit is provided with a voltage stabilizing chip, the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the second input end of the controller.
Furthermore, the voltage stabilizing chip adopts a high voltage-resistant voltage stabilizing chip HT 7530-3.
Furthermore, the driving circuit is provided with a triode, the base of the triode is connected with the first output end of the controller, the emitting electrode of the triode is grounded, and the collecting electrode of the triode is connected with the controlled end of the first switch.
Furthermore, the detection circuit is provided with a first resistor for limiting current, the input end of the first resistor is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the first resistor is connected with the first input end of the controller.
Further, the first switch comprises an MOS transistor, a gate of the MOS transistor is connected with an output end of the driving circuit, a source of the MOS transistor is connected with an external power supply, and a drain of the MOS transistor is connected with an input end of the booster circuit.
Further, boost circuit includes second switch, third switch, first energy storage spare, second energy storage spare, the chip that steps up, wherein:
the input end of the first energy storage element is connected with the output end of the first switch, and the output end of the first energy storage element is connected with the input end of the second switch;
the output end of the second switch is connected with the input end of a second energy storage element, and the output end of the second energy storage element is grounded;
the input end of the third switch is connected with the output end of the first energy storage element, the output end of the third switch is grounded, and the controlled end of the third switch is connected with the first output end of the boost chip;
the controlled end of the second switch is connected with the second output end of the boost chip, and the boost chip controls the conduction and the disconnection of the second switch through the second switch.
Further, the first energy storage element comprises an inductor and the second energy storage element comprises a capacitor.
Furthermore, the energy storage device further comprises an output port, wherein a first port of the output port is connected with the input end of the second energy storage element, and a second port of the output port is connected with the output end of the second energy storage element.
The utility model also provides a charging device which comprises the input low-voltage charging circuit.
This technical scheme's low-voltage charging circuit, including detection circuitry, drive circuit, first switch, controller, boost circuit, wherein: the input end of the detection circuit is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the detection circuit is connected with the first input end of the controller and used for detecting the external power supply; the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the first output end of the controller, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the controlled end of the first switch and used for amplifying an output signal of the controller; the input end of the first switch is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the first switch is connected with the input end of the booster circuit, the first switch is used for switching on or switching off a circuit between the external power supply and the booster circuit, and the booster circuit is used for boosting an input power supply. The utility model can promote the low voltage meeting the conditions to a proper level through the detection circuit, the controller switch and the booster circuit to supply power to an external load, thereby saving the step of inverting and boosting, greatly reducing the cost and improving the working efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulator circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection circuit and the driving circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a controller according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a boost circuit according to the present invention;
the reference numbers illustrate:
reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
10 | |
20 | Driving circuit |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if the meaning of "and/or" and/or "appears throughout, the meaning includes three parallel schemes, for example," A and/or B "includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme satisfying both schemes A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, the household DC12V is generally used for charging the notebook computer by firstly inverting the boosted AC220V and then reducing the voltage to the DC19V meeting the design requirement of the notebook computer charging.
The technical scheme mainly aims to provide an input low-voltage charging circuit, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing household direct-current voltage charging circuit is complex in circuit design.
Referring to fig. 1-4, in an embodiment of the input low voltage charging circuit of the present invention, the input low voltage charging circuit includes a detection circuit 10, a driving circuit 20, a first switch, a controller, and a voltage boosting circuit, wherein:
the input end of the detection circuit 10 is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the detection circuit 10 is connected with the first input end of the controller and is used for detecting the external power supply;
the input end of the driving circuit 20 is connected to the first output end of the controller, and the output end of the driving circuit 20 is connected to the controlled end of the first switch, and is used for amplifying the output signal of the controller;
the input end of the first switch is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the first switch is connected with the input end of the booster circuit, the first switch is used for switching on or switching off a circuit between the external power supply and the booster circuit, and the booster circuit is used for boosting an input power supply.
The low voltage meeting the conditions can be lifted to a proper level through the detection circuit 10, the controller, the switch and the booster circuit to supply power for an external load, so that the step of inverting and boosting is omitted, the cost is greatly reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the input low-voltage charging circuit also comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit used for providing a working power supply for the controller. The voltage stabilizing circuit is provided with a voltage stabilizing chip, the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the second input end of the controller.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, a port Vin of the regulator chip U3 is an input end, and the port Vin of the regulator chip U3 is connected to an external power source through a resistor R1 and is grounded through a capacitor C3; the port GND of the voltage stabilizing chip U3 is grounded; the port Vout of the regulator chip U3 is an output terminal, and the port Vout of the regulator chip U3 is connected to the second input terminal of the controller and is grounded through a capacitor C2. In addition, the voltage stabilizing circuit is also provided with a resistor R2, the input end of the resistor R2 is connected with the input end of the resistor R1, and the output end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the resistor R1. The voltage stabilizing chip U3 adopts a high voltage-resistant voltage stabilizing chip HT 7530-3. A voltage stabilizing circuit is formed by the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the capacitor C2, the capacitor C3 and the voltage stabilizing chip U3 and is used for inputting an external power supply and reducing the voltage to 3V to provide a working power supply for the controller.
Further, in the embodiment, the voltage stabilizing chip adopts a high voltage-resistant voltage stabilizing chip HT 7530-3.
Further, the detection circuit 10 is provided with a first resistor for limiting current, an input end of the first resistor is connected with an external power supply, and an output end of the first resistor is connected with a first input end of the controller.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, an input end of the detection circuit 10 is connected to an external power source, and an output end of the detection circuit 10 is connected to a first input end of the controller. In this embodiment, the first resistor is a resistor R9, and an input terminal of the resistor R9 is an input terminal of the detection circuit 10, which is connected to an external power supply; the output end of the resistor R9 is the output end of the detection circuit 10, is connected with the first input end of the controller, and is grounded through a resistor R18; in addition, the detection circuit 10 is further provided with a capacitor C15, an input end of the capacitor C15 is connected with an output end of the resistor R9, and an output end of the capacitor C15 is connected with an output end of the resistor R18. The detection circuit 10 consisting of the resistor R9, the resistor R18 and the capacitor C15 is used for limiting the current of an input power supply, so that the controller receives an external power supply and detects whether the external power supply meets the design requirements.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the controller adopts a single chip microcomputer U1, and in this embodiment, the single chip microcomputer U1 is SN8F5701S of Sonix corporation. The controller is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, a second output end and a third output end. The first input end of the controller is a port 7 of a single chip microcomputer U1 and is connected with the output end of the detection circuit; the second input end of the controller is a port 1 of the singlechip U1, and the port 1 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit; the first output end of the controller is a port 2 of the singlechip U1, and is connected with the input end of the drive circuit 20; the port 4 of the singlechip U1 is connected with a resistor R3 and is grounded through a switch S1; the port 6 of the singlechip U1 is connected with a boosting chip U2 of a boosting circuit; and the port 8 of the singlechip U1 is grounded. In this embodiment, the port 7 of the single chip microcomputer U1 is connected to the output end of the detection circuit, and the input power supply is judged whether to meet the design requirement of boosting by running a program stored in the single chip microcomputer U1, so as to determine whether to drive the first switch to be turned on or off. It is noted that the aforementioned procedures for detection and judgment are conventional in the art and are not described in detail herein.
Further, the driving circuit 20 is provided with a triode, a base of the triode is connected with the first output end of the controller, an emitter of the triode is grounded, and a collector of the triode is connected with the controlled end of the first switch.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the driving circuit 20 is provided with a transistor Q4, a base of the transistor Q4 is an input terminal of the driving circuit, and is connected to the port 2 of the single chip microcomputer U1 through a resistor R23 and is grounded through a resistor R24; the emitter of the triode Q4 is grounded; the collector of the transistor Q4 is the output terminal of the driving circuit, and is connected to the controlled terminal of the first switch through a resistor R19, and is connected to the input terminal of the first switch through a resistor R15. So set up, when singlechip U1's output level flowed into drive circuit, through the effect of triode Q4 enlarged current to realize driving first switch. The driving circuit 20 is used for amplifying the output current of the singlechip U1 and then driving the first switch to be conducted through the driving circuit 20 consisting of the resistor R23, the resistor R24, the resistor R15, the resistor R19 and the triode Q4, so that an input power supply is provided for the boosting circuit at the rear end.
Further, the first switch comprises an MOS transistor, a gate of the MOS transistor is connected with an output end of the driving circuit, a source of the MOS transistor is connected with an external power supply, and a drain of the MOS transistor is connected with an input end of the booster circuit.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the first switch employs a MOS transistor Q2, a gate of the MOS transistor Q2 is a controlled terminal of the first switch and is connected to the output terminal of the driving circuit 20, and a source of the MOS transistor Q2 is an input terminal of the first switch and is connected to an external power supply; the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is the output terminal of the first switch, and is connected to the input terminal of the voltage boost circuit. In this embodiment, the MOS transistor Q2 is used as a controllable first switch, and the controller (the single chip microcomputer U1) can control the first switch through high and low levels, so as to achieve the on and off of the external input power supply and the boost circuit.
Further, boost circuit includes second switch, third switch, first energy storage spare, second energy storage spare, the chip that steps up, wherein:
the input end of the first energy storage element is connected with the output end of the first switch, and the output end of the first energy storage element is connected with the input end of the second switch;
the output end of the second switch is connected with the input end of a second energy storage element, and the output end of the second energy storage element is grounded;
the input end of the third switch is connected with the output end of the first energy storage element, the output end of the third switch is grounded, and the controlled end of the third switch is connected with the first output end of the boost chip;
the controlled end of the second switch is connected with the second output end of the boost chip, and the boost chip controls the conduction and the disconnection of the second switch through the second switch.
Further, in this embodiment, the first energy storage element adopts an inductor, the second energy storage element adopts a capacitor, and the second switch and the third switch adopt MOS transistors.
The boost circuit further comprises an output port, a first port of the output port is connected with the output end of the boost circuit, and a second port of the output port is connected with the output end of the second energy storage element.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a boost circuit. The first energy storage element is an inductor L1, the second energy storage element is a capacitor C4, the second switch is an MOS transistor Q1, the third switch is an MOS transistor Q3, and the boosting chip is a single chip microcomputer U2. The input end of the inductor L1 is connected with the output end of the MOS tube Q2, and the output end of the inductor L1 is connected with the input end of the MOS tube Q1. The controlled end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the second output end of the singlechip U2, the output end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the input end of the capacitor C4, and the output end of the capacitor C4 is grounded. The input end of the MOS tube Q3 is connected with the output end of the inductor L1, the output end of the MOS tube Q3 is grounded, and the controlled end of the MOS tube Q3 is connected with the first output end of the singlechip U2. The single chip microcomputer U2 adopts SC8201 of south core company, and the SC8201 is a high-efficiency synchronous boost controller which supports ultra-wide input and output voltage ranges.
In the boosting process, the single chip microcomputer U2 outputs high level to control the output end of the MOS transistor Q3 to be grounded, at the moment, input voltage flows into the inductor L1 to charge the inductor L1, and the current of the inductor L1 is increased; after charging is finished, the single chip microcomputer U2 outputs a low level to control the MOS transistor Q3 to be turned off, at the moment, input voltage flows to the MOS transistor Q1, meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer U2 outputs a high level to control the MOS transistor Q1 to be turned on, at the moment, the inductor L1 discharges, current flows to the capacitor C4 through the output end of the MOS transistor Q1 to charge the capacitor C4; the voltage across the capacitor C4 rises; after the inductor L1 discharges, the energy stored in the inductor L1 is reduced, and at the moment, the single-chip microcomputer U1 and the single-chip microcomputer U2 repeat the steps and repeatedly charge the inductor L1; since the inductor L1 continuously charges the capacitor C4, the voltage of the capacitor C4 is already higher than the input voltage, and the boosting is completed. And the port 1 of the output port is connected with the capacitor C4, the port 2 of the output port is grounded so as to form a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the output port is connected with an external load and can charge the external load. In summary, the boost circuit composed of the MOS transistor Q1, the MOS transistor Q3, the inductor L1, the capacitor C4, and the single chip microcomputer U2 can boost the voltage of the external input power source for charging the load, such as the electronic device. It should be noted that the foregoing single chip microcomputer U2 for controlling the on/off of the MOS transistors Q1 and Q3 and the control program are conventional means in the art, and are not described in detail herein.
The utility model can raise the low voltage meeting the conditions to a proper level through the detection circuit, the controller, the switch and the booster circuit to supply power to an external load, thereby saving the step of inverting and boosting, greatly reducing the cost and improving the working efficiency.
The present invention further provides a charging device, which includes the input low-voltage charging circuit, and the specific structure of the input low-voltage charging circuit refers to the above embodiments, and since the charging device adopts all technical solutions of the embodiments of the input low-voltage charging circuit, the charging device at least has all beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical solutions of the present invention that are made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An input low-voltage charging circuit, comprising a detection circuit, a driving circuit, a first switch, a controller, and a voltage boosting circuit, wherein:
the input end of the detection circuit is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the detection circuit is connected with the first input end of the controller and used for detecting the external power supply;
the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the first output end of the controller, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the controlled end of the first switch and used for amplifying an output signal of the controller;
the input end of the first switch is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the first switch is connected with the input end of the booster circuit, the first switch is used for switching on or switching off a circuit between the external power supply and the booster circuit, and the booster circuit is used for boosting an input power supply.
2. The input low-voltage charging circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a voltage stabilizing circuit for providing an operating power supply for the controller, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit is provided with a voltage stabilizing chip, an input end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with an external power supply, and an output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with a second input end of the controller.
3. The input low-voltage charging circuit of claim 2, wherein the voltage regulation chip is a high voltage-withstanding voltage regulation chip HT 7530-3.
4. The input low voltage charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving circuit is provided with a triode, a base of the triode is connected with the first output end of the controller, an emitter of the triode is grounded, and a collector of the triode is connected with the controlled end of the first switch.
5. The input low voltage charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein said detection circuit is provided with a first resistor for limiting current, an input terminal of said first resistor is connected to an external power source, and an output terminal of said first resistor is connected to a first input terminal of a controller.
6. The input low-voltage charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switch comprises a MOS transistor, a gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the output terminal of the driving circuit, a source of the MOS transistor is connected to the external power supply, and a drain of the MOS transistor is connected to the input terminal of the voltage boosting circuit.
7. The input low voltage charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the boost circuit comprises a second switch, a third switch, a first energy storage element, a second energy storage element, and a boost chip, wherein:
the input end of the first energy storage element is connected with the output end of the first switch, and the output end of the first energy storage element is connected with the input end of the second switch;
the output end of the second switch is connected with the input end of a second energy storage element, and the output end of the second energy storage element is grounded;
the input end of the third switch is connected with the output end of the first energy storage element, the output end of the third switch is grounded, and the controlled end of the third switch is connected with the first output end of the boost chip;
the controlled end of the second switch is connected with the second output end of the boost chip, and the boost chip controls the conduction and the disconnection of the second switch through the second switch.
8. The input low voltage charging circuit of claim 7, wherein said first energy storage element comprises an inductor and said second energy storage element comprises a capacitor.
9. The input low voltage charging circuit of claim 7, further comprising an output port, a first port of the output port being connected to an input of the second energy storage device, a second port of the output port being connected to an output of the second energy storage device.
10. A charging arrangement comprising at least the input low voltage charging circuit of any of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202121618914.6U CN215344025U (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Input low-voltage charging circuit and charging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202121618914.6U CN215344025U (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Input low-voltage charging circuit and charging device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN215344025U true CN215344025U (en) | 2021-12-28 |
Family
ID=79567793
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202121618914.6U Active CN215344025U (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Input low-voltage charging circuit and charging device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN215344025U (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-07-15 CN CN202121618914.6U patent/CN215344025U/en active Active
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105827101A (en) | Voltage conversion integrated circuit, bootstrap circuit, and switch driving method | |
CN107508465A (en) | Constant on-time type boost-voltage regulator | |
CN101282083A (en) | BUCK drive circuit | |
CN103501115A (en) | Interleaved and parallel working direct-current (DC) step-down circuit | |
CN215344025U (en) | Input low-voltage charging circuit and charging device | |
CN109617413A (en) | Boost chip and its mode switching circuit | |
CN112994436B (en) | Grid opening voltage generation circuit, display panel driving device and display device | |
WO2022242037A1 (en) | Power supply circuit, power supply system and smart door lock | |
CN209184492U (en) | Boost chip and its mode switching circuit | |
CN115642677A (en) | Power supply control circuit of MCU chip | |
CN209313807U (en) | Electric charge recycling circuit, power supply circuit and switching power circuit system | |
CN107425714A (en) | The forward direction circuit topology and its control method of a kind of multiple-pole switch inductance | |
CN203691246U (en) | DC-DC conversion circuit suitable for power supply to high-voltage side of IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) drive module | |
CN203537238U (en) | Interleaved parallel working DC buck circuit | |
CN203086341U (en) | DC-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) circuit | |
CN221328824U (en) | No-load closing synchronous rectifying circuit | |
CN109391141A (en) | The continuous step-up dc-dc converter of input and output electric current | |
CN215682136U (en) | Inductance step-down switching power supply circuit | |
CN218971474U (en) | Step-down fan speed regulating circuit | |
CN209001832U (en) | The BOOST booster circuit of resisting radiation interference | |
CN217135378U (en) | Synchronous boost circuit based on synchronous buck chip | |
CN219513800U (en) | Distributed energy storage polymerization controller | |
CN220066883U (en) | Novel anti-reverse high-voltage input protection integrated circuit | |
CN209860801U (en) | Step-up converter | |
CN219812075U (en) | Circuit structure capable of improving PWM pulse width |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |