CN215327959U - Supercritical extraction device for crushing materials under pressure in machine - Google Patents
Supercritical extraction device for crushing materials under pressure in machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN215327959U CN215327959U CN202023185645.7U CN202023185645U CN215327959U CN 215327959 U CN215327959 U CN 215327959U CN 202023185645 U CN202023185645 U CN 202023185645U CN 215327959 U CN215327959 U CN 215327959U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a supercritical extraction device for crushing materials by reducing pressure in an extraction machine, which belongs to the field of extraction devices and comprises an extraction kettle, a rapid pressure reducing valve and a gas input pipe, wherein the rapid pressure reducing valve and the gas input pipe are connected with the extraction kettle, a carbon dioxide disturbing pipe communicated with the gas input pipe is arranged in the extraction kettle, and a plurality of gas outlet holes are formed in the carbon dioxide disturbing pipe and used for introducing heated carbon dioxide into the extraction kettle. The utility model can perform sectional extraction, the first section of conventional supercritical extraction reduces the oil content of the material, ensures that the material is filled with carbon dioxide supercritical fluid with the same extraction pressure, and introduces heated carbon dioxide gas to disturb the material layer after the extraction kettle rapidly reduces the pressure, so that the material grains are rapidly crushed and the extraction is continued.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of extraction devices, in particular to a supercritical extraction device for crushing materials under reduced pressure in a machine.
Background
Sesame, hemp, flax and other small-grain high-oil-content materials, because the oil content is higher and have relatively compact seed coats, when directly utilizing conventional supercritical extraction method to extract, grease and active substances in the materials can not be effectively extracted, the yield is extremely low, so conventional operation adopts the mode of crushing the materials in advance and then entering supercritical equipment to extract to carry out, the heat generated by friction in the mechanical crushing process of the materials can decompose and reduce the content of the active substances, simultaneously, the crushing causes the grease wrapped up in the interior of the seeds to be separated out, the materials to be agglomerated and caked, so that the subsequent supercritical process can not be smoothly carried out, meanwhile, the inevitable contact in the crushing process can be caused with the outside, the probability of causing pollution such as bacteria is increased, and the comprehensive utilization of later-stage material meal is not facilitated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a supercritical extraction device for crushing materials under reduced pressure in a machine, which is suitable for the sectional extraction of high-oil-content materials such as sesame, flax, hemp seeds and the like under reduced pressure in the machine, improves the extraction efficiency and is beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of material dregs in the later period.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:
on one hand, the utility model provides an in-machine pressure-reducing material-crushing supercritical extraction device which comprises an extraction kettle, a rapid pressure-reducing valve and a gas input pipe, wherein the rapid pressure-reducing valve and the gas input pipe are connected with the extraction kettle, a carbon dioxide disturbance pipe communicated with the gas input pipe is arranged in the extraction kettle, and a plurality of gas outlet holes are formed in the carbon dioxide disturbance pipe and used for introducing heated carbon dioxide into the extraction kettle.
Further, the device also comprises a heating device connected with the gas input pipe and used for heating the carbon dioxide in the gas input pipe.
Further, the heating device is a temperature control heating device and is used for heating the carbon dioxide in the gas input pipe to a specified temperature.
Furthermore, a filter plate is arranged in the extraction kettle and used for separating the port of the rapid pressure reducing valve from materials in the extraction kettle. The filter plate is an 80-mesh filter plate.
Furthermore, the aperture of the air holes is 1.5mm, and the pitch is 5 mm.
Furthermore, a control valve is arranged on the gas input pipe.
After adopting such design, the utility model has at least the following advantages:
the method can perform sectional extraction, the first section of conventional supercritical extraction can reduce the oil content of the material, simultaneously ensure that the interior of the material is filled with the carbon dioxide supercritical fluid with the same extraction pressure, and then utilize a rapid pressure reducing valve to rapidly reduce the pressure in an extraction kettle (the temperature of the material is reduced after rapid pressure reduction), introduce heated carbon dioxide gas to disturb a material layer, and rapidly crush the material grains under the combined action of the internal pressure and external disturbance of the material grains; and in the second stage, the quick pressure reduction port and the carbon dioxide disturbing pipeline are closed, and system parameters are adjusted to be in a conventional state to carry out second-stage extraction until the operation end point.
Drawings
The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a supercritical extraction apparatus for pulverizing a material under reduced pressure in a machine according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the utility model can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the utility model to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides an embodiment of a supercritical extraction device for reducing pressure and crushing materials in an extraction machine, which comprises an extraction kettle 1, a rapid pressure reducing valve 2 and a gas input pipe 4, wherein the rapid pressure reducing valve 2 and the gas input pipe 4 are connected with the extraction kettle 1, a carbon dioxide disturbing pipe 3 communicated with the gas input pipe 4 is arranged in the extraction kettle 1, and a plurality of gas outlet holes are formed in the carbon dioxide disturbing pipe 3 and are used for introducing heated carbon dioxide into the extraction kettle.
When the extraction kettle is used, the uncrushed material is added into the extraction kettle, the filling rate is 80-90%, the extraction is carried out by a conventional extraction method, then the pressure in the extraction kettle is quickly reduced by a quick pressure reducing valve (the temperature of the material is reduced after the pressure is quickly reduced), heated carbon dioxide gas is introduced to disturb a material layer, and the material grains are quickly crushed under the combined action of the internal pressure and the external disturbance of the material grains; and in the second stage, the quick pressure reduction port and the carbon dioxide disturbing pipeline are closed, and system parameters are adjusted to be in a conventional state to carry out second-stage extraction until the operation end point.
For heating convenience, a heating device 5 connected with the gas input pipe 4 is further included for heating the carbon dioxide in the gas input pipe 4. The heating device 5 may be a temperature-controlled heating device, and the safety is ensured by controlling the heating temperature of the carbon dioxide.
In order to prevent the rapid pressure reducing valve from being blocked, a filter plate is also arranged in the extraction kettle 1 and used for separating the opening of the rapid pressure reducing valve 2 from materials in the extraction kettle, and the filter plate is an 80-mesh filter plate.
Furthermore, the pore diameter of the pores is 1.5mm, the pitch of the pores is 5mm, and the pores are uniformly distributed.
Further, a control valve is arranged on the gas input pipe 4.
The conventional operation method of the utility model is as follows:
1. adding the uncrushed material into an extraction kettle according to a conventional supercritical extraction mode, wherein the filling rate is 80-90%;
2. extracting for 30-45 minutes according to the conventional supercritical extraction pressure, temperature and carbon dioxide flow;
3. opening a rapid decompression valve of the extraction kettle, and reducing the pressure of the extraction kettle to be lower than 0.1Mpa within 60-300 seconds;
4. opening a carbon dioxide disturbing pipe to introduce carbon dioxide gas at 50-65 ℃, and keeping the pressure of the extraction kettle between 0-0.2MPa for 3-5 minutes;
5. and closing the quick pressure reducing valve and the carbon dioxide disturbing pipe valve.
6. Adjusting the operation parameters to a normal state, and extracting to an end point.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
example 1 supercritical extraction of Cannabis sativa seeds by means of an extraction apparatus according to the utility model
Charging fructus Cannabis seed into extraction kettle with filling rate of 85%, adjusting temperature of the extraction kettle to 37 deg.C, pressure of 30MPa, and separation pressure of the separation kettle of 6.5 MPa. Separating temperature is 32 ℃, carbon dioxide flow pump is 23HZ, extracting time is 45 minutes, a quick decompression electric valve is opened, pressure of an extraction kettle is reduced to 0.1MPa, air inlet temperature of a carbon dioxide disturbance pipe is set to be 60 ℃, pressure of the extraction kettle is kept to be not more than 0.2MPa, ventilation is carried out for 5 minutes, the disturbance pipe and the quick decompression valve are closed, system parameters are adjusted to be in a conventional state, extraction is continued for 100 minutes, and oil content of the extracted hemp seed meal is measured to be 0.23%.
Comparative example 1 conventional supercritical extraction of hemp seed
Charging fructus Cannabis seed into extraction kettle with filling rate of 85%, adjusting temperature of the extraction kettle to 37 deg.C, pressure of 30MPa, and separation pressure of the separation kettle of 6.5 MPa. The separation temperature is 32 ℃, the carbon dioxide flow pump is 23HZ, the extraction time is 150 minutes, and the oil content of the extracted hemp seed meal is measured to be 18.7 percent.
EXAMPLE 2 supercritical extraction of flaxseed by means of the extraction apparatus of the utility model
The flaxseed is loaded into an extraction kettle, the filling rate is 80%, the temperature of the extraction kettle is adjusted to 40 ℃, the pressure is 27MPa, and the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 7 MPa. Separating temperature is 35 ℃, carbon dioxide flow pump is 23HZ, extracting time is 45 minutes, a quick pressure reduction electric valve is opened, pressure of an extraction kettle is reduced to 0.1MPa, air inlet temperature of a carbon dioxide disturbance pipe is set to be 50 ℃, pressure of the extraction kettle is kept to be not more than 0.2MPa, ventilation is carried out for 3 minutes, the disturbance pipe and the quick pressure reduction valve are closed, system parameters are adjusted to be in a conventional state, extraction is continued for 100 minutes, and oil content of the extracted flaxseed meal is measured to be 0.31%.
Comparative example 2-conventional supercritical extraction of flaxseed
The flaxseed is loaded into an extraction kettle, the filling rate is 80%, the temperature of the extraction kettle is adjusted to 40 ℃, the pressure is 27MPa, and the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 7 MPa. The separation temperature is 35 ℃, the carbon dioxide flow pump is 23HZ, the extraction time is 150 minutes, and the oil content of the extracted linseed meal is measured to be 20.2 percent.
From the above examples 1 and 2 and comparative examples 1 and 2, it is clear that the efficiency of the staged extraction of the present invention is higher.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above description of the present invention can be applied to various modifications, equivalent variations or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The supercritical extraction device is characterized by comprising an extraction kettle, a rapid pressure reducing valve and a gas input pipe, wherein the rapid pressure reducing valve and the gas input pipe are connected with the extraction kettle, a carbon dioxide disturbance pipe communicated with the gas input pipe is arranged in the extraction kettle, and a plurality of gas outlets are formed in the carbon dioxide disturbance pipe and used for introducing heated carbon dioxide into the extraction kettle.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a heating device connected to the gas inlet pipe for heating the carbon dioxide in the gas inlet pipe.
3. The supercritical extraction apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that the heating device is a temperature-controlled heating device for heating the carbon dioxide in the gas input pipe to a specified temperature.
4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a filter plate is disposed in the extraction vessel for separating the port of the pressure reducing valve from the material in the extraction vessel.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the filter plate is an 80 mesh filter plate.
6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diameter of the air holes is 1.5mm, and the pitch of the air holes is 5 mm.
7. The supercritical extraction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein a control valve is provided on the gas input pipe.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112592760A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-02 | 北京市粮食科学研究院 | Supercritical extraction method and device for crushing material under reduced pressure in machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112592760A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-02 | 北京市粮食科学研究院 | Supercritical extraction method and device for crushing material under reduced pressure in machine |
| CN112592760B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2023-11-03 | 北京市粮食科学研究院 | Supercritical extraction method and device for crushing materials under reduced pressure in machine |
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Address after: No.11 shizidian Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing grain Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.11 shizidian Hutong, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee before: BEIJING INSTITUTE OF GRAIN SCIENCE |
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