CN215319359U - Fire-resistant casket compression moulding equipment and fire-resistant casket - Google Patents
Fire-resistant casket compression moulding equipment and fire-resistant casket Download PDFInfo
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- CN215319359U CN215319359U CN202023060911.3U CN202023060911U CN215319359U CN 215319359 U CN215319359 U CN 215319359U CN 202023060911 U CN202023060911 U CN 202023060911U CN 215319359 U CN215319359 U CN 215319359U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a compression molding device for a refractory box, which is used for molding the refractory box and comprises a mold frame, an upper mold core, a bottom lower mold core and a side lower mold, wherein the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold form a mold cavity for containing refractory box powder; wherein the upper mold core, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold are all independently movable. Correspondingly, the utility model also discloses a refractory box. The method can effectively improve the uniformity of different positions of the refractory box, prevent the refractory box from forming fracture, and reduce the defects of forming cracks and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a press and the technical field of press forming, in particular to a fire-resistant box pressing forming device and a fire-resistant box.
Background
Refractory sagger, also known as sagger, is a common type of kiln furniture that generally has a bottom a and sides B (see fig. 1), the bottom of which is generally rectangular. In use, it is generally desirable that the refractory casing have superior refractoriness, high temperature structural strength, and thermal stability. The guarantee of these characteristics relies on good pressing, a refractory box needs to be pressed uniformly and have consistent density; the two refractory cases should not have defects such as cracks.
In the prior art, in order to ensure uniformity and density, an isostatic pressing process is generally adopted to form a sagger (such as CN 109551612A); but the isostatic compaction efficiency is low, the equipment structure is complex, and the maintenance cost is high. Another common method is to use dry pressing method to form, specifically, a mold with a specific shape is selected and pressed together by an upper mold core or an upper and a lower mold cores to obtain the sagger. As in CN111574227A, it is pressed to form a sagger with a mold of a specific shape, an upper ram and a lower ram, and at the time of pressing, pressing is performed in a form of pressing up and down, and then ejected with the lower ram. However, it is difficult to ensure the same compression ratio of the side edges and the bottom portion and to ensure uniformity in this form of pressing. In addition, such a forming process tends to cause cracking or crack defects at the joints between the side edges and the bottom during the pressing process, resulting in a reduction in the high-temperature structural strength of the refractory casing. In addition, the fixed form of the mould is difficult to be suitable for the production of refractory boxes with various sizes.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pressing and forming apparatus for a fire-resistant box, which can effectively improve the uniformity and strength of the fire-resistant box.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant box.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model discloses a compression molding device of a fire-resistant box, which is used for molding the fire-resistant box and comprises a mold frame, an upper mold core, a bottom lower mold core and a side lower mold, wherein the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold form a mold cavity for containing fire-resistant box powder;
wherein the upper mold core, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold are all independently movable.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the mould frame can be moved independently to take out the refractory box after the pressing is finished.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the mold further comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device comprises a first driving device for driving the upper mold core, a second driving device for driving the mold frame, a third driving device for driving the side lower mold, and a fourth driving device for driving the bottom lower mold core;
the first driving device is arranged above the upper mold core, the second driving device is arranged above the mold frame, the third driving device is arranged below the side lower mold, and the fourth driving device is arranged below the bottom lower mold core.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold divide the refractory box powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate;
during pressing, the upper die core is integrally pressed down, the bottom lower die core moves downwards, the side lower die is jacked upwards, and the refractory box is formed by pressing through relative movement of the upper die core, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die;
and the compression ratios of the bottom powder aggregate and the side powder aggregate are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the bottom of the refractory box is as follows: the height of the side edge of the fire-resistant box is 1: (10-50); width of the bottom of the refractory box: the thickness of the side of the fire-resistant box is (20-100): 1.
as an improvement of the technical proposal, the side lower die comprises a plurality of side lower die cores which can move independently and divide the refractory box powder positioned above the side lower die cores into a plurality of groups of side powder aggregates;
during pressing, the multiple groups of side lower die cores move independently so as to keep the compression ratio of different groups of side powder aggregates the same.
As the improvement of the technical scheme, the side lower die comprises 2-12 side lower die cores.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the bottom of the refractory box is as follows: the height of the side edge of the fire-resistant box is 1: (3-10); width of the bottom of the refractory box: the thickness of the side of the fire-resistant box is (20-100): 1.
correspondingly, the utility model also discloses a refractory box which is formed by adopting the refractory box compression molding equipment.
The implementation of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the structure characteristics of the fire-resistant box are fully considered, and the movable bottom lower die core, the movable upper die core and the side lower die are arranged during forming; when the refractory box is formed by pressing, the uniformity of different positions of the refractory box is improved and the strength of the refractory box is improved by controlling the movement of the three parts; meanwhile, the forming fracture of the composite material is effectively prevented, and the defects of forming cracks and the like are reduced. In addition, by controlling the movement of the bottom lower mold core, the equipment requirements and control accuracy requirements for the side lower molds can also be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a refractory casing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a press forming apparatus for a refractory container according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing a state of a press molding apparatus after step (1) in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the press-molding apparatus after step (2) in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a state of the press molding apparatus after step (3) in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a state diagram of a press molding apparatus after step (2) in example 3;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of the press molding apparatus after step (3) in example 3;
FIG. 8 is a view showing a state of the press molding apparatus after step (4) in example 3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a fire-resistant casket press forming equipment, refer to fig. 2-5, it includes framed 1, goes up mold core 2, bottom lower mold core 3 and lateral part lower mould 4, framed 1, bottom lower mold core 2 and lateral part lower mould 3 form the die cavity 6 that is used for holding fire-resistant casket powder 5, goes up mold core 2 and sets up in bottom lower mold core 3 and lateral part lower mould 4's top, and lateral part lower mould 4 locates the outside of bottom lower mold core 3, and framed 1 locates the outside of lateral part lower mould 4. Wherein, the upper die core 2, the bottom lower die core 3 and the side lower die 4 can move independently. Further, the mold frame 1 can be moved independently to remove the refractory cartridge 8 from the mold cavity 6 after pressing. Through the arrangement mode, reasonable control in the pressing process can be realized, so that the uniformity of different positions of the refractory box is improved, and the strength of the refractory box is improved; meanwhile, the forming fracture of the composite material is effectively prevented, and the defects of forming cracks and the like are reduced.
The refractory box compression molding equipment further comprises a driving device 7, which can be, but is not limited to, a driving oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric driving device, or the like. Specifically, the driving means 7 includes a first driving means 71 for driving the upper mold core 2, a second driving means 72 for driving the mold frame 1, a third driving means 73 for driving the side lower mold core 4, and a fourth driving means 74 for driving the bottom lower mold core 3. Wherein, the first driving device 71 is arranged above the upper mold core 2, the second driving device 72 is arranged above the mold frame 1, and 2 second driving devices 72 are arranged above the mold frame 2 for driving the mold frame 2 more stably; a third driving device 73 is provided below the side lower mold 4, and a fourth driving device 74 is provided below the bottom lower core 3. Further, in order to more stably drive the side lower molds 4, 2 or more third driving devices 73 are provided below the side lower molds 4.
Further, in order to form refractory boxes with non-uniform lateral heights, the lower lateral mold 4 may include a plurality of lower lateral mold cores that are individually movable, and in an embodiment of the present invention, a third driving device 73 is disposed below each lower lateral mold core to achieve individual movement without being affected by other lower lateral mold cores. In other embodiments of the present invention, the side lower cores may be moved in groups, i.e., 2 or more side lower cores (corresponding to the same height side units) may be driven by a single third driving device 73. Through the structure, the compression ratios of different groups of side powder aggregates can be maintained to be the same, and the pressing uniformity is improved.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the side lower mold includes 2 to 12 side lower mold cores; when the number of the side lower mold cores is too large, sealing is difficult. Preferably, the side lower mold comprises 8 side lower mold cores.
The cross section of the side lower mold core can be in a regular triangle, square, rectangle or regular hexagon shape; these shapes enable a pattern inlay to be formed, thereby facilitating sealing between the side lower cores. The clearance between the side lower mold cores can be reduced to 0.1mm or less based on the above shape.
Based on the sagger press forming device of the above embodiment, the following two control methods can be adopted, specifically, refer to embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for press-forming a refractory container based on the apparatus of embodiment 1, which includes:
(1) distributing the refractory box powder in a die cavity formed by a die frame, a bottom lower die core and a side lower die according to a preset height; the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold divide the refractory box powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a second die cavity for accommodating the side powder aggregate;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tp＝εHs
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpDepth of the second cavity, ε is compression ratio, TsIs the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing, HsThe height of the side of the refractory box;
specifically, the compression ratio epsilon is determined according to the formula and the granularity of the refractory box powder, and specifically, the compression ratio can be 1.5-3, but is not limited to the above. In the present invention, the compression ratio refers not only to the ratio of the depth of the packing to the target thickness/height before and after molding, but also to the ratio of the depth of the packing at the bottom of the refractory casing to the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing at any time during pressing, and the ratio of the depth of the packing at the side of the refractory casing to the height of the side of the refractory casing at that time.
(2) Pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, moving the bottom lower mold core downwards, jacking the side lower mold upwards, and pressing to form the refractory box through the relative movement of the upper mold core, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold;
and the compression ratios of the bottom powder aggregate and the side powder aggregate are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
Wherein, when the displacement that moves down of going up the mold core is x, the displacement that moves down of mold core and the displacement that moves up of lateral part lower mould under the bottom do respectively:
y＝Ts-Hp+x
z＝Tp-Hs+Ts-Hp-y
wherein x is the downward displacement of the lower surface of the die core relative to the upper surface of the die frame at any moment in the pressing processY is downward movement displacement of the bottom lower mold core at any moment in the pressing process, z is upward movement displacement of the side lower mold core at any moment in the pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpIs the depth of the second cavity, TsIs the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing, HsThe height of the side of the refractory box;
when the refractory boxes with unequal side heights are pressed, namely when the side lower die comprises a plurality of side lower die cores, the displacements of the upper die core, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die cores are controlled, so that the compression ratios of the bottom powder aggregate and the groups of side powder aggregates are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished;
wherein, when the displacement that moves down of going up the mold core is x, the displacement that moves down of mold core under the bottom and the displacement that moves up of mold core under the ith side do respectively:
y＝Ts-Hp+x
zi＝Tpi-Hsi+Ts-Hp-y
wherein x is the downward movement of the upper mold core after contacting the refractory box powder, y is the downward movement of the bottom lower mold core, and ziFor upward displacement of the ith side lower core, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, TsIs the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing, HsiThe height of the side unit of the ith refractory box;
further, the method also comprises the following steps:
(3) after pressing, the upper mold core is lifted, the mold frame is lowered, and the refractory box is taken out.
Wherein, the downward displacement w of the mold frame is as follows:
w＝xt+Hs
wherein x istFor total downward displacement of the lower surface of the upper mold core relative to the upper surface of the mold frame after pressing, HsIs the height of the side of the refractory casing.
In particular, xtCalculated according to the following formula:
xt＝k(Hp-Ts)
wherein x istThe total downward movement displacement of the upper mold core after contacting the refractory box powder, k is a constant, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsIs the thickness of the bottom of the refractory box;
when the thickness of the bottom of the refractory box is as follows: when the height of the side of the fire-resistant box is 1 (10-30), k is 1-2;
when the thickness of the bottom of the refractory box is as follows: the height of the side of the fire-resistant box is 1: (31-100), k is 3-5.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing: the height of the side edge of the fire-resistant box is 1: (10-50); width of the bottom of the refractory box: the thickness of the side of the fire-resistant box is (20-100): 1. such refractory casings are narrow and tall on the sides and are more difficult to form by conventional dry pressing.
By adopting the forming method of the embodiment, the pressing yield of the refractory case can be improved to more than 95% (the yield of the traditional dry pressing forming method is about 75%).
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a method for press-forming a refractory container based on the apparatus of embodiment 1, which includes:
(1) distributing the refractory box powder in a die cavity formed by a die frame, a bottom lower die core and a side lower die according to a preset height; the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold divide the refractory box powder positioned above the bottom lower mold core into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate; the die cavity comprises a first die cavity for accommodating the bottom powder aggregate and a second die cavity for accommodating the side powder aggregate;
wherein the depth H of the first cavitypAnd depth T of second cavitypComprises the following steps:
Hp＝εTs
Tp＝εHs
wherein HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpDepth of the second cavity, ε is compression ratio, TsIs the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing, HsThe height of the side of the refractory box;
(2) pressing the upper mold core towards the mold cavity, and controlling the bottom lower mold core and the upper mold core to move synchronously to form a pre-pressed green body;
the synchronous movement means that the upper mold core and the lower mold core at the bottom move downwards at the same speed after the lower surface of the upper mold core is contacted with the surface of the refractory box powder in the film cavity (namely the plane of the upper surface of the mold frame).
Wherein, the displacement that moves down of mould core, last mould core under the bottom is:
x＝Tp-Hp+Ts-Hs
wherein x is the downward movement displacement of the bottom lower mold core in the prepressing process or the downward movement displacement of the upper mold core after the upper mold core contacts the refractory box powder (namely the plane of the upper surface of the mold frame) in the prepressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpIs the depth of the second cavity, TsIs the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing, HsThe height of the side of the refractory box;
furthermore, when the molding method of the embodiment is adopted to mold the refractory box with non-equal-height sides, the jacking displacement of the lower mold cores at the side parts is controlled in the pre-pressing process, so that the compression ratio of the multiple groups of side powder aggregates is kept the same in the pre-pressing process and after the pre-pressing is finished;
wherein, the displacement that moves down of mold core, last mold core under the bottom does:
x＝Tpmin-Hp+Ts-Hsmin
wherein x is the downward movement displacement of the bottom lower mold core in the prepressing process or the downward movement displacement of the upper mold core after the upper mold core contacts the refractory box powder (the plane of the upper surface of the mold frame) in the prepressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TpiminDepth of the second cavity corresponding to the side unit of minimum height, HsminThe height of the side unit that is the minimum height;
wherein, the jacking displacement of the lower mold cores at any moment of different side parts accords with the following relationship:
wherein D isiThe jacking displacement of the ith side lower mold core at any moment in the prepressing process, TpiminDepth, T, of the second cavity corresponding to the side unit of minimum heightpiIs the depth of the ith second cavity, DdThe downward movement displacement of the bottom lower mold core at any moment in the prepressing process;
(3) and pressing down the upper die core, controlling the bottom lower die core and the side lower die to be stationary, and pressing the pre-pressed green body through the upper die core to form the refractory box.
Specifically, the upper mold core is continuously pressed down, and the bottom lower mold core and the side lower molds are kept still, so that the pre-pressed blank is pressed, and the refractory box is formed after pressing (see fig. 6). Wherein, the pressing displacement of the upper mold core is as follows:
y＝Hp-Ts
wherein y is the pressing displacement of the upper mold core in the pressing process, HpIs the depth of the first cavity, TsThe thickness of the bottom of the sagger;
further, the method also comprises the following steps:
(4) after pressing, the upper mold core is lifted, the mold frame is lowered, and the refractory box is taken out.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing: the height of the side edge of the fire-resistant box is 1: (3-10); width of the bottom of the refractory box: the thickness of the side of the fire-resistant box is (20-100): 1, the height of the side edge of the refractory box is relatively low, the thickness of the side edge is relatively small, the uniformity of the refractory box can be ensured by applying the acting force on the whole upper mold core in the pressing stage, and a pressing mode that the side edge lower mold/the bottom lower mold core and the upper mold core apply pressure together is not needed. Meanwhile, the width of the bottom of the refractory sagger is large, the whole movement of the bottom lower mold core is controlled, the control difficulty can be reduced, and the defects that cracks and even fracture are generated at the joint of the bottom of the sagger and the side of the sagger caused by poor control of the side lower mold and the upper mold core are reduced. Preferably, the thickness of the bottom of the refractory casing is: the height of the side edge of the fire-resistant box is 1: (3-8); width of the bottom of the refractory box: the thickness of the side of the fire-resistant box is (50-100): 1.
by adopting the forming method of the embodiment, the pressing yield of the refractory box can be improved to more than 85% (the yield of the traditional dry pressing forming method is about 75%).
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these modifications and decorations are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pressing forming device for a refractory box is used for forming the refractory box and is characterized by comprising a mold frame, an upper mold core, a bottom lower mold core and a side lower mold, wherein a mold cavity for accommodating refractory box powder is formed by the mold frame, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold;
wherein the upper mold core, the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold are all independently movable.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mold frame is independently movable to remove the refractory casing after pressing.
3. The refractory box press forming apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a driving device, the driving device including a first driving device for driving the upper mold core, a second driving device for driving the mold frame, a third driving device for driving the side lower mold, a fourth driving device for driving the bottom lower mold core;
the first driving device is arranged above the upper mold core, the second driving device is arranged above the mold frame, the third driving device is arranged below the lower mold of the side part, and the fourth driving device is arranged below the lower mold core of the bottom part.
4. The apparatus for press-forming a refractory container according to claim 1, wherein the bottom lower mold core and the side lower mold core divide the refractory container powder located thereabove into a bottom powder aggregate and a side powder aggregate;
during pressing, the upper die core is integrally pressed down, the bottom lower die core moves downwards, the side lower die is jacked upwards, and the refractory box is formed by pressing through relative movement of the upper die core, the bottom lower die core and the side lower die;
and the compression ratios of the bottom powder aggregate and the side powder aggregate are kept the same in the pressing process and after the pressing is finished.
5. The refractory container press forming apparatus of claim 4, wherein the refractory container bottom thickness is: the height of the side edge of the fire-resistant box is 1: (10-50); width of the bottom of the refractory box: the thickness of the side of the fire-resistant box is (20-100): 1.
6. the apparatus for press-forming a fire-resistant container according to claim 4, wherein said side lower dies include a plurality of side lower die cores which are individually movable and divide the fire-resistant container powder located thereabove into a plurality of sets of side powder aggregates;
during pressing, the multiple groups of side lower die cores move independently so as to keep the compression ratio of different groups of side powder aggregates the same.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the side lower molds comprise 2-12 side lower molds.
8. The refractory container press forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein the refractory container bottom thickness is: the height of the side edge of the fire-resistant box is 1: (3-10); width of the bottom of the refractory box: the thickness of the side of the fire-resistant box is (20-100): 1.
9. a fire-resistant box, characterized in that, it is formed by the pressing forming equipment of the fire-resistant box as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202023060911.3U CN215319359U (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Fire-resistant casket compression moulding equipment and fire-resistant casket |
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| CN202023060911.3U CN215319359U (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Fire-resistant casket compression moulding equipment and fire-resistant casket |
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