CN215314044U

CN215314044U - Empty walnut sorter

Info

Publication number: CN215314044U
Application number: CN202121527299.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙海霞; 高庭耀; 任锐; 张淑娟
Original assignee: Shanxi Agricultural University
Current assignee: Shanxi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-07-06
Filing date: 2021-07-06
Publication date: 2021-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vacant-shell walnut separator which comprises a conveying device, a feeding device, an X-ray image acquisition device and a separation and collection device. The feeding device comprises a feeding box, a vibrating motor, a buffer, a sorting conveying pipe, a sorting baffle and an impurity collecting box, the X-ray image acquisition device comprises a protective box body, an X-ray generator, a flat panel detector, an X-ray control box, an image acquisition card and a computer, and the sorting and collecting device comprises an air pump, a control element, an air conveying pipe, a spray head, an empty walnut collecting box and a complete walnut collecting box. According to the utility model, the internal information of the walnuts is obtained through the X-ray technology, so that nondestructive detection and sorting are carried out on the walnuts, compared with manual and mechanical sorting, the working efficiency is improved, the accuracy is ensured, meanwhile, the walnuts cannot be damaged, and the nondestructive detection and sorting are realized.

Description

Empty walnut sorter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, in particular to a walnut separator for detecting and removing empty-shell walnuts by utilizing an X-ray imaging technical principle.

Background

The walnut is used as a characteristic agricultural product in mountainous areas and hills in the north of China, and plays an important role in the aspects of income increase of farmers, ecological construction and the like. However, the walnuts which are not sorted are often mixed with empty walnuts and shriveled walnuts, so that the quality and the commodity value of the walnuts are directly influenced.

The detection of the internal quality of the walnuts cannot be directly identified by naked eyes, and the detection is mainly based on experience and subjective judgment, so that the time and labor are wasted, and the sorting standard cannot be reached. At present, a report of sorting the empty-shell walnuts by adopting a mechanical or machine vision technology exists, but certain limitations exist, and the main problems are that the sorting accuracy is low and certain difference exists between the sorting accuracy and the demand of commodity production. Therefore, there is a need to improve and improve sorting detection techniques to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the existing sorting and detecting of the empty-shell walnuts, the utility model provides an empty-shell walnut sorting machine which adopts the matching of an X-ray imaging technology and a mechanical transmission technology.

The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a vacant shell walnut sorter, includes conveyor, feeding device, X ray image acquisition device, selects separately collection device. The conveying device comprises a rack, a speed reducing motor, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel and a chain; the driving shaft and the driven shaft are directly fixed on the frame through a bearing with a seat, the speed reduction motor is installed on the frame and is connected with the driving shaft through a coupler, the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel are sequentially installed on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, power is transmitted between the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel through a chain, the material receiving hopper and the flat plate are installed on the flat plate through the installed flat plate at equal intervals on the chain. The feeding device comprises a feeding box, a vibration motor, a buffer, a separation conveying pipe, a separation baffle and an impurity collecting box; the feeding box is arranged at the left upper end of the rack, and a vibration motor and a buffer are arranged below the feeding box and are connected with the rack through the buffer; one end of the sorting conveying pipe is connected with a discharge port below the feeding box, the other end of the sorting conveying pipe is fixed above the chain, when a receiving hopper is arranged below the sorting conveying pipe, the walnuts fall by gravity, and when a flat plate is arranged below the sorting conveying pipe, the walnuts cannot fall; the sorting baffle is positioned below the sorting conveying pipe and is directly fixed on the rack through bolts; the impurity collecting box is arranged below the baffle; the side wall of the sorting conveying pipe is provided with a rectangular hole and a clamping groove, and sorting plates of different sizes are placed according to requirements.

The X-ray image acquisition device comprises a protective box body, an X-ray generator, a flat panel detector, an X-ray control box, an image acquisition card and a computer; the protective box body is arranged on the frame, and the chain passes through the lower part of the protective box body; the X-ray generator and the flat panel detector are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom in the box body; the X-ray control box and the image acquisition card are directly connected with the computer. The X-ray generator and the flat panel detector are controlled by the computer to work, images are input into a vacant walnut detection system in the computer to be distinguished, results are output to the control element, and gas ejection is controlled.

The sorting and collecting device comprises an air pump, a control element, a gas pipe, a spray head, an empty walnut collecting box and a complete walnut collecting box; one end of the gas pipe is connected with the gas pump, and the other end of the gas pipe is connected with the spray head through the control element; the spray head is fixed on the right upper side of the driving chain wheel; the control element is connected with the computer and controls the ejection of the gas after receiving the signal; the intact walnut collecting box is positioned under the spray head; the empty walnut collecting box is positioned at the left lower part of the spray head.

The receiving hoppers are designed into a plurality of groups of sizes according to the sizes of walnuts of different varieties, and each receiving hopper is ensured to be only provided with one walnut during working. Furthermore, connect hopper and flat board lower extreme all design and have the draw-in groove, can freely assemble as required with the lath, can not drop.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: under the drive of the speed reducing motor, the driving shaft drives the conveying device to rotate through the chain wheel and the chain, and the material receiving hopper and the flat plate which are positioned on the lath also rotate along with the conveying device. The walnuts in the feeding box sequentially pass through the sorting conveying pipe to fall into the conveying device under the action of gravity. The walnut feeding device comprises a feeding box, a vibration motor, a buffer and a feeding mechanism, wherein the vibration motor and the buffer are adopted, so that the walnut in the feeding box is prevented from being blocked; sorting conveying pipes are designed, walnuts, impurities and the like which are damaged and too small in size are sorted out in advance, and directly fall into the impurity collecting boxes through the sorting baffle plates. When the receiving hopper rotates to the lower part of the sorting conveying pipe, the walnuts fall into the receiving hopper; when the flat plate rotates to the lower part, the walnuts cannot fall into the flat plate, and the regular arrangement of the walnuts is guaranteed. The walnuts in the receiving hopper sequentially enter the X-ray image acquisition device, and the imaging effects are also different due to the fact that the walnuts are different to cause attenuation of ray energy in the sample area in different degrees by utilizing the extremely strong penetration capacity of the X-rays. The computer is used for collecting, processing and distinguishing images, outputting a distinguishing result and transmitting a signal to the control element, and the path and the speed of the receiving hopper are used for determining the opening time and the working interval of the control element after receiving the signal, so that the interference is avoided. Under the action of gravity and advancing speed, normal walnuts are thrown forwards and fall into the intact walnut collecting box; the empty-shell walnut is interfered by the air of the air pump, and the motion trail turns to the rear and falls into the empty-shell walnut collecting box.

According to the utility model, the internal information of the walnut can be directly obtained through an X-ray technology, and the empty-shell walnut is subjected to nondestructive detection and sorting through the internal information, so that compared with manual and mechanical sorting, the working efficiency is improved, the accuracy is also ensured, meanwhile, the walnut is not damaged, the nondestructive detection and sorting are realized, and the quality and quality of goods are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sorting plate structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the receiving hopper of the utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flat panel structure according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a feeding box; 2. a sorting conveying pipe; 3. a sorting plate; 4. a driven shaft; 5. a driven sprocket; 6. a protective box body; 7. an X-ray generator; 8. an X-ray control box; 9. an image acquisition card; 10. a computer; 11. a flat plate; 12. a slat; 13. a receiving hopper; 14. a spray head; 15. a chain; 16. a drive shaft; 17. a drive sprocket; 18. a complete walnut collecting box; 19. a hollow walnut collecting box; 20. a gas delivery pipe; 21. a flat panel detector; 22. a frame; 23. a control element; 24. an air pump; 25. an impurity collecting box; 26. a sorting baffle; 27. a vibration motor; 28. a buffer; 29. a speed reducing motor.

Detailed Description

This will be explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

The empty walnut sorting machine shown in the figures 1 to 4 comprises a conveying device, a feeding device, an X-ray image acquisition device and a sorting and collecting device. The conveying device comprises a rack 22, a speed reducing motor 29, a driving shaft 16, a driven shaft 4, a driving chain wheel 17, a driven chain wheel 5 and a chain 15; the driving shaft 16 and the driven shaft 4 are directly fixed on the frame 22 through a bearing with a seat, the speed reducing motor 29 is installed on the frame 22 and connected with the driving shaft 16 through a coupler, the driving chain wheel 17 and the driven chain wheel 5 are sequentially installed on the driving shaft 16 and the driven shaft 4, power is transmitted between the driving chain wheel 17 and the driven chain wheel 5 through the chain 15, the laths 12 are installed on the chain 15 at equal intervals, and the material receiving hopper 13 and the flat plate 11 are installed on the laths 12. The receiving hopper 13 is designed with a plurality of groups of sizes according to the sizes of walnuts of different varieties, so that each receiving hopper is ensured to be only provided with one walnut during working. Furthermore, the lower ends of the receiving hopper 13 and the flat plate 11 are both provided with a clamping groove, so that the receiving hopper and the flat plate can be freely assembled with the lath 12 as required and cannot fall off.

The feeding device comprises a feeding box 1, a vibration motor 27, a buffer 28, a separation conveying pipe 2, a separation baffle 26 and an impurity collecting box 25; the feeding box 1 is arranged at the left upper end of the rack 22, the vibration motor 27 and the buffer 28 are arranged below the feeding box 1 and connected with the rack 22 through the buffer 28, and the arranged vibration motor 27 avoids the overhead and blockage of walnuts in the feeding box 1; one end of the sorting conveying pipe 2 is connected with a discharge port below the feeding box 1, the other end of the sorting conveying pipe is fixed above the chain 15, when the receiving hopper 13 is arranged below, the walnuts fall down by gravity, and when the flat plate 11 is arranged below, the supporting walnuts cannot fall down; the sorting baffle 26 is positioned below the sorting conveying pipe 2 and is directly fixed on the frame 22 through bolts; the impurity collecting box 25 is arranged below the baffle; sorting conveyer pipe 2 lateral wall on open and to have the rectangle hole and set up the draw-in groove, place not unidimensional sorting board 3 as required, the undersize, damaged walnut and impurity fall into impurity collecting box 25 through the not hole of equidimension on sorting board 3, avoid falling into and connect hopper 13 to cause the interference to image acquisition.

The X-ray image acquisition device comprises a protective box body 6, an X-ray generator 7, a flat panel detector 21, an X-ray control box 8, an image acquisition card 9 and a computer 10; the protective box body 6 is arranged on the frame 22, and the chain 15 passes through the lower part of the protective box body; the X-ray generator 7 and the flat panel detector 21 are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom in the box body 6; the X-ray control box 8 and the image acquisition card 9 are directly connected with the computer 10. The computer 10 controls the X-ray generator 7 and the flat panel detector 21 to work, images are input into a vacant walnut detection system in the computer 10 to be distinguished, and results are output to the control element 23 to control the gas to be sprayed out.

The sorting and collecting device comprises an air pump 24, a control element 23, an air pipe 20, a spray head 14, a vacant walnut collecting box 19 and a perfect walnut collecting box 18; one end of the air pipe 20 is connected with an air pump 24, and the other end is connected with the spray head 14 through a control element 23; the spray head 14 is fixed at the right upper side of the driving chain wheel 17; the control element 23 is connected with the computer 10 and controls the ejection of the gas after receiving the signal; the intact walnut collecting box 18 is positioned under the spray head 14; the empty walnut collecting box 19 is positioned at the lower left of the spray head 14.

Claims

1. A sorting machine for empty walnut shells is characterized by comprising a conveying device, a feeding device, an X-ray image acquisition device and a sorting and collecting device;

the conveying device comprises a rack, a speed reducing motor, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel and a chain, wherein the driving shaft and the driven shaft are directly fixed on the rack through a bearing with a seat;

the feeding device comprises a feeding box, a vibrating motor, a buffer, a sorting conveying pipe, a sorting baffle and an impurity collecting box, wherein the feeding box is arranged at the left upper end of the rack, and the vibrating motor and the buffer are arranged below the feeding box and are connected with the rack through the buffer; one end of the sorting conveying pipe is connected to a discharge port below the feeding box, the other end of the sorting conveying pipe is fixed above the chain, and the sorting baffle is located below the sorting conveying pipe and is directly fixed on the rack through a bolt; the impurity collecting box is arranged below the baffle, the side wall of the sorting conveying pipe is provided with a rectangular hole and a clamping groove, and sorting plates with different sizes are arranged according to requirements;

the X-ray image acquisition device comprises a protective box body, an X-ray generator, a flat panel detector, an X-ray control box, an image acquisition card and a computer, wherein the protective box body is arranged on the rack, and a chain penetrates through the lower part of the protective box body; the X-ray generator and the flat panel detector are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom in the box body, the X-ray control box and the image acquisition card are directly connected with the computer, the X-ray generator and the flat panel detector are controlled by the computer to work, images are input into a shell walnut detection system in the computer to be distinguished, results are output to the control element, and gas is controlled to be sprayed out;

the sorting and collecting device comprises an air pump, a control element, an air conveying pipe, a spray head, an empty walnut collecting box and a complete walnut collecting box, wherein one end of the air conveying pipe is connected with the air pump, and the other end of the air conveying pipe is connected with the spray head through the control element; the spray head is fixed on the right upper side of the driving chain wheel, and the control element is connected with the computer and controls the spraying of the gas after receiving the signal; the intact walnut collecting box is positioned under the spray head; the empty walnut collecting box is positioned at the left lower part of the spray head.