CN215120634U - SPIM motor drive circuit - Google Patents
SPIM motor drive circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN215120634U CN215120634U CN202121245083.2U CN202121245083U CN215120634U CN 215120634 U CN215120634 U CN 215120634U CN 202121245083 U CN202121245083 U CN 202121245083U CN 215120634 U CN215120634 U CN 215120634U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a SPIM motor driving circuit, which comprises a driver and an alternating current unit; the driver is connected with a first winding of the SPIM motor and comprises a voltage-multiplying rectifying unit, a direct-current bus and a half-bridge inverter unit; the voltage-multiplying rectifying unit is connected with the direct current bus, the direct current bus is connected with the half-bridge inversion unit, the half-bridge inversion unit is connected with the first end of the first winding through a first switch, the second end of the first winding is connected with one end of input alternating current of the voltage-multiplying rectifying unit through a neutral point of the direct current bus, and the other end of the input alternating current is connected with the first end of the first winding through a second switch; the alternating current unit is connected with a second winding of the SPIM motor. The utility model discloses a SPIM motor drive circuit can realize less start-up current and less energy loss, and only need provide the required partial energy of SPIM motor, and can realize drive control and grid control's hot switch.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a Single Phase asynchronous machine (SPIM), especially relate to a SPIM Motor drive circuit.
Background
SPIM motors refer to asynchronous motors that use a single phase AC power supply. The SPIM motor has the advantages of convenient use, wide application, simple structure, low cost, low noise, small interference to a radio system and the like because only single-phase alternating current is needed, so the SPIM motor is commonly used in household appliances with low power and small power machines, such as electric fans, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, range hoods, electric drills, medical instruments, small fans, household water pumps and the like.
In the prior art, a SPIM motor is generally composed of a stator, a rotor, a bearing, a casing, an end cover and the like. Because the output power is not large, the rotor of the SPIM motor usually adopts a squirrel-cage rotor, and the stator is provided with a set of working windings called as Main windings (M windings for short), which can only generate positive and negative alternating pulsating magnetic fields in the air gap of the motor, but can not generate a rotating magnetic field, so that the starting torque can not be generated. In order to generate a rotating magnetic field in the air gap of the motor, an auxiliary winding (Aux, abbreviated as a winding) is also required on the stator. Because the magnetic field generated by the auxiliary winding and the magnetic field of the main winding are combined in the air gap of the motor to generate a rotating magnetic field, the motor generates starting torque, so that the rotor can rotate by itself.
The prior art SPIM motor starts in the manner shown in FIG. 1. However, in this way, the starting current of the main winding is too large, which is 5-10 times of the rated current, so that the SPIM motor generates heat seriously, and energy waste is caused.
The SPIM motor starts to enter the running state after being started, and at this time, the capacitor can be connected in the way shown in FIG. 1, or in the way of partial connection shown in FIG. 2, or in the way of only main winding connection shown in FIG. 3. However, in the above mode of operation of the SPIM motor, since the design of the SPIM motor cannot guarantee that the start and operation meet the optimal operating point at the same time, and the flux linkage of the motor is generally elliptical, the torque and rotation speed fluctuation can be caused, and the energy consumption is large; meanwhile, the SPIM motor cannot be adjusted and controlled to be at the optimal working point according to the load condition, and the energy consumption is also high.
When the SPIM motor adopts power electronic devices, the SPIM motor can adopt various operation modes as shown in FIGS. 4-6, and has the advantages of small starting current, stable flux linkage control, small fluctuation of rotating speed and torque, small energy loss, stable rotating speed control and the like. However, all of the energy of the SPIM motor comes from the drive, resulting in the drive needing to withstand the full motor power.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a SPIM motor driving circuit, which can realize smaller starting current and smaller energy loss, only needs to provide partial energy required by the SPIM motor, and can realize hot switching of driving control and grid control.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a SPIM motor driving circuit, which includes a driver and an ac unit; the driver is connected with a first winding of the SPIM motor and comprises a voltage-multiplying rectifying unit, a direct-current bus and a half-bridge inverter unit; the voltage-multiplying rectifying unit is connected with the direct current bus, the direct current bus is connected with the half-bridge inversion unit, the half-bridge inversion unit is connected with the first end of the first winding through a first switch, the second end of the first winding is connected with one end of input alternating current of the voltage-multiplying rectifying unit through a neutral point of the direct current bus, and the other end of the input alternating current is connected with the first end of the first winding through a second switch; the alternating current unit is connected with a second winding of the SPIM motor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the half-bridge inverter unit employs a two-level half-bridge inverter or a three-level half-bridge inverter or a multi-level half-bridge inverter.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dc bus is two sets of series-connected electrolytic capacitors or batteries.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-doubling rectifying unit adopts a single-phase voltage-doubling circuit or a single-phase half-bridge voltage-doubling BOOST circuit or a single-phase voltage-doubling BOOST PFC circuit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the ac unit includes an ac power source and a capacitor; and the alternating current power supply and the capacitor are connected in series and then connected to two ends of the second winding.
As described above, the SPIM motor driving circuit of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the second winding is connected to the power grid through the capacitor, so that the starting current is small; the first winding is connected to the driving circuit, so that the starting current is controllable;
(2) the current of the first winding can be adjusted to enable the synthetic magnetic field of the first winding and the second winding to be circular, so that the loss of the motor is reduced, and the efficiency of the motor is improved; the torque and rotating speed fluctuation is smaller, so that the motor abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged;
(3) the driver only needs to provide part of energy required by the motor, and the other part of energy is directly provided by the power grid;
(4) through the on-off control of the first switch and the second switch, the hot switching from the drive control of the SPIM motor to the power grid control can be realized, and the normal operation of the SPIM motor can be ensured even if the driver is damaged by the switching tube.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a SPIM motor start circuit in an embodiment of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a SPIM motor operating circuit in a first embodiment in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a SPIM motor operating circuit in a second embodiment of the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a SPIM motor control circuit in a third embodiment in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prior art SPIM motor control circuit in a fourth embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a prior art SPIM motor control circuit in a fifth embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the SPIM motor driving circuit of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a SPIM motor driving method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
1 driver
11-time voltage rectifying unit
12 DC bus
13 half-bridge inverter unit
2 alternating current unit
21 AC power supply
22 capacitance
3 SPIM motor
31 first winding
32 second winding
S1 first switch
S2 second switch
Detailed Description
The following description is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.
It should be understood that the structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essential meaning, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in the present invention can cover without affecting the function that the present invention can produce and the purpose that the present invention can achieve. Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes, and the present invention is also regarded as the scope of the present invention.
The utility model discloses a SPIM motor drive circuit connects in the driver through the first winding with the SPIM motor, and the second winding is connected in the electric wire netting to realize the supply of the required energy of SPIM motor by driver and electric wire netting in coordination, realized less start current and less energy loss simultaneously, and can realize drive control and grid control's hot switch, have the practicality. Wherein the first winding and the second winding form a main winding and an auxiliary winding of the SPIM motor. Namely, the first winding is a main winding or an auxiliary winding, and the second winding is an auxiliary winding or a main winding.
As shown in fig. 7, in an embodiment, the SPIM motor driving circuit of the present invention includes a driver 1 and an ac unit 2. The driver 1 is used for driving a first winding of the SPIM motor, and the alternating current unit 2 is used for driving a second winding of the SPIM motor, so that a small starting current is realized, and the starting current is controllable.
The driver 1 is connected with a first winding 31 of the SPIM motor 3, and comprises a voltage-multiplying rectifying unit 11, a direct current bus 12 and a half-bridge inverter unit 13.
The voltage-multiplying rectifying unit 11 is connected to the dc bus 12, and is configured to convert an input ac power into a dc power and input the dc power into the dc bus 12. Specifically, the voltage-multiplying rectification unit 11 adopts a single-phase voltage-multiplying circuit, a single-phase half-bridge voltage-multiplying BOOST circuit, or a single-phase voltage-multiplying BOOST Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit. In this embodiment, the input end of the voltage-doubling rectifying unit 11 is connected to an inductor, the inductor is connected to one end of the input alternating current AC, and two output ends of the voltage-doubling rectifying unit 11 are respectively connected to two ends of the direct current bus 12.
The dc bus 12 is connected to the half-bridge inverter unit 13, and is configured to input the dc power to the half-bridge inverter unit 13. Specifically, two ends of the dc bus 12 are respectively connected to two input ends of the half-bridge inverter unit 13, and are configured to bear the dc power generated by the voltage-doubling rectifying unit 11, and input the dc power to the half-bridge inverter unit 13. In an embodiment of the present invention, the dc bus 12 employs two sets of electrolytic capacitors or batteries connected in series.
The half-bridge inverter unit 13 is connected to a first end of the first winding 31 through a first switch S1, a second end of the first winding 31 is connected to one end of an input alternating current AC of the voltage-doubling rectifying unit 11 through a neutral point of the dc bus 12, the other end of the input alternating current AC is connected to the first end of the first winding 31 through a second switch S2, and the other end of the input alternating current AC is further connected to an input end of the voltage-doubling rectifying unit 11 through an inductor. Specifically, the output end of the half-bridge inverter unit 13 is connected to one end of the first winding 31 through the first switch S1, and is configured to convert the dc power into an ac power and input the ac power into the first winding 31 of the SPIM motor 3 to drive the first winding 31. In an embodiment of the present invention, the half-bridge inverter unit 13 is a two-level half-bridge inverter, a three-level half-bridge inverter, or a multi-level half-bridge inverter.
The ac unit 2 is connected to the second winding 32 of the SPIM motor 3, and the second winding 32 is driven by inputting ac power. In an embodiment of the present invention, the ac unit 2 includes an ac power source 21 and a capacitor 22. The alternating current power supply 21 and the capacitor 22 are connected in series and then connected to two ends of the second winding 32 to complete the driving of the second winding 32.
Since the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are provided, the drive control and grid control of the SPIM motor can be switched hot by closing and opening the switches.
In the initial state, the first switch S1 is set to be closed, the second switch S2 is set to be open, and the SPIM motor is driven and controlled by a driver.
When the driving of the SPIM motor is completed, the first switch S1 can be set to be open, the second switch S2 can be set to be closed, and the SPIM motor can be driven by the power grid. In addition, if the driver is damaged, the SPIM motor can still operate normally by opening the first switch S1 and closing the second switch S2.
As shown in fig. 8, in an embodiment, the driving method of the SPIM motor driving circuit of the present invention includes the following steps;
step S1, in the initial state, the first switch is closed and the second switch is opened.
Specifically, in an initial state, the SPIM motor is driven by a driver.
Step S2, the voltage-doubler-based rectification unit converts the input ac power into dc power, and inputs the dc power into the dc bus.
Specifically, the voltage-multiplying rectification unit adopts a single-phase voltage-multiplying circuit or a single-phase half-bridge voltage-multiplying BOOST circuit or a single-phase voltage-multiplying BOOST PFC circuit. In this embodiment, a neutral point of the voltage-doubling rectifying unit is connected to an inductor, the inductor is connected to the input ac power, and two ends of the voltage-doubling rectifying unit are respectively connected to two ends of the dc bus.
And step S3, inputting the direct current into a half-bridge inversion unit based on the direct current bus.
Specifically, two ends of the dc bus are respectively connected to two input ends of the half-bridge inverter unit, and are configured to carry the dc power generated by the voltage-doubling rectifying unit and input the dc power to the half-bridge inverter unit. In an embodiment of the present invention, the dc bus is two sets of series-connected electrolytic capacitors or batteries.
Step S4, converting the dc power into ac power based on the half-bridge inverter unit, and inputting the ac power to a first winding of a SPIM motor to drive the first winding; driving a second winding of the SPIM motor based on an AC unit connected to the second winding.
Specifically, the half-bridge inverter unit can convert direct current into alternating current, and the converted alternating current is input to the first winding to complete driving of the first winding.
Specifically, the alternating current unit comprises an alternating current power supply and a capacitor. And the alternating current power supply and the capacitor are connected in series and then connected to two ends of the second winding to complete the driving of the second winding.
Preferably, the SPIM motor driving method of the present invention further includes adjusting the current of the first winding to make the resultant magnetic field of the first winding and the second winding form a circular shape, so as to reduce the damage and wear of the SPIM motor, and improve the energy efficiency and the life of the SPIM motor.
Preferably, the SPIM motor driving method of the present invention further comprises disconnecting the first switch and closing the second switch when the SPIM motor driving is completed or the driver is damaged, thereby implementing hot switching from the driving control to the grid control.
To sum up, the SPIM motor driving circuit of the utility model realizes smaller starting current due to the fact that the second winding is connected into the power grid through the capacitor; the first winding is connected to the driving circuit, so that the starting current is controllable; the current of the first winding can be adjusted to enable the synthetic magnetic field of the first winding and the second winding to be circular, so that the loss of the motor is reduced, and the efficiency of the motor is improved; the torque and rotating speed fluctuation is smaller, so that the motor abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged; the driver only needs to provide part of energy required by the motor, and the other part of energy is directly provided by the power grid; through the on-off control of the first switch and the second switch, the hot switching from the drive control of the SPIM motor to the power grid control can be realized, and the normal operation of the SPIM motor can be ensured even if the driver is damaged by the switching tube. Therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A SPIM motor drive circuit characterized by: comprises a driver and an alternating current unit;
the driver is connected with a first winding of the SPIM motor and comprises a voltage-multiplying rectifying unit, a direct-current bus and a half-bridge inverter unit; the voltage-multiplying rectifying unit is connected with the direct current bus, the direct current bus is connected with the half-bridge inversion unit, the half-bridge inversion unit is connected with the first end of the first winding through a first switch, the second end of the first winding is connected with one end of input alternating current of the voltage-multiplying rectifying unit through a neutral point of the direct current bus, and the other end of the input alternating current is connected with the first end of the first winding through a second switch;
the alternating current unit is connected with a second winding of the SPIM motor.
2. The SPIM motor drive circuit of claim 1, wherein: the half-bridge inversion unit adopts a two-level half-bridge inverter or a three-level half-bridge inverter or a multi-level half-bridge inverter.
3. The SPIM motor drive circuit of claim 1, wherein: the direct current bus adopts two groups of electrolytic capacitors or batteries which are connected in series.
4. The SPIM motor drive circuit of claim 1, wherein: the voltage-multiplying rectification unit adopts a single-phase voltage-multiplying circuit or a single-phase half-bridge voltage-multiplying BOOST circuit or a single-phase voltage-multiplying BOOST PFC circuit.
5. The SPIM motor drive circuit of claim 1, wherein: the alternating current unit comprises an alternating current power supply and a capacitor; and the alternating current power supply and the capacitor are connected in series and then connected to two ends of the second winding.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121245083.2U CN215120634U (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | SPIM motor drive circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202121245083.2U CN215120634U (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | SPIM motor drive circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113315445A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-27 | 上海儒竞智控技术有限公司 | SPIM motor drive circuit and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113315445A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-27 | 上海儒竞智控技术有限公司 | SPIM motor drive circuit and method |
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