CN215066001U - Polycyclic moisture infiltration test system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a polycyclic moisture infiltration test system, which relates to the technical field of field soil infiltration tests and comprises a Mariotte bottle, an adjusting water head lifter, a weighing sensor, a paperless recorder, a polycyclic infiltration device and an infiltration knocking device, wherein the polycyclic infiltration device comprises a plurality of monomer rings which are concentrically arranged, and the monomer rings have different diameters; the two March bottles are arranged on the water head adjusting lifter and are used for respectively supplying water to the target double rings according to a preset water head; the target bicyclic rings are two monomer rings in the multi-ring infiltration device corresponding to the size of the test protocol bicyclic rings; the soil-entering beating device is used for uniformly pressing the target double rings into test soil under the action of external force. The utility model discloses can realize the combination of arbitrary dicyclo, can satisfy the experimental demand of different interior outer ring combinations to the influence of infiltration of moisture, have the combination dismantle convenient, advantage such as the flood peak is adjustable and data automatic acquisition transmission.

Description

Polycyclic moisture infiltration test system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an experimental technical field of open-air soil infiltration, concretely relates to polycyclic moisture infiltration test system.

Background

Soil infiltration characteristics are important indexes for evaluating soil conservation water source and erosion resistance, and a large number of field tests are needed for determining the soil water conductivity on a field scale. The soil infiltration has strong space-time variability, which is influenced by many factors, and this increases the difficulty of accurately measuring the soil infiltration. Among many soil infiltration measuring methods, the double-ring method is the most widely applied instrument and is the most classical instrument for measuring the field soil permeability coefficient. Because the outer ring promotes the vertical infiltration of the water body in the inner ring, the error caused by the lateral infiltration of the water body in the inner ring is reduced. Therefore, compared with a single-ring method, the double-ring method is generally higher in measurement accuracy. However, the measurement result of the double-ring method is influenced by factors such as terrain conditions, land utilization and the like, and the geometric dimension of the double-ring infiltration instrument influences the accuracy of the soil infiltration rate determination. This is due to the lateral flow during the double ring infiltration process or the barrier effect of the infiltration ring wall on the macropores, etc., the geometrical dimensions of the infiltration apparatus can affect the accuracy of the measurement. Numerous studies have shown that the infiltration rate measured for infiltration rings with smaller diameters is greater and reaches a steady state earlier, while the average infiltration rate increases with increasing measured dimensions, mainly due to the greater proportion of lateral flow relative to vertical infiltration in the small ring.

Besides the problem of the measurement precision of the infiltration rate, the double-ring infiltration instrument also has the following defects: firstly, the installation of the inner ring and the outer ring is difficult to keep concentric, which can affect the three-dimensional infiltration effect of the inner ring and further affect the infiltration rate characteristic of the inner ring. And secondly, the ring body is inclined due to uneven stress in the process of knocking the ring body into the soil, and if the ring body is not corrected manually, the inclined ring body can reduce the actual water passing section, so that the measurement result is larger. On the contrary, the inclined ring body is corrected manually, micro cracks are easily generated between the ring wall and the soil body when the ring body is twisted, and the infiltration rule of water in the vertical direction is further influenced. And thirdly, the diameter ratio of the inner ring and the outer ring (namely a buffer index for representing the influence degree of the outer ring on reducing the lateral water flow of the inner ring during infiltration) has larger influence on the measurement result. In the same area, the diameters of the inner ring and the outer ring with different sizes can cause the variation of the measuring result of the infiltration rate to reach two orders of magnitude.

The development process of the double-ring infiltration instrument is subjected to the processes of an electrode contact measurement method, a liquid level measurement method by using a Marjen bottle and a high-density resistivity measurement method. The contact capacitance or resistance depth gauge is sensitive to water quality and is easy to corrode, excessive maintenance and calibration are caused, in addition, the electrode contact type liquid level sensor switch can be triggered only when the liquid level changes by more than 5mm, and therefore the precision is low. The infrared liquid level measuring sensor arranged on the Mariotte bottle is adopted to measure the change of the liquid level along with the time, the measuring precision is greatly influenced by the sectional area of the Mariotte bottle, the larger the sectional area is, the smaller the precision is, and meanwhile, the resistance of the adopted liquid level sensor is easily influenced by the temperature. The high-density resistivity method is an array exploration method, and is based on the difference of the conductivity of soil, and the infiltration process is inverted by researching the distribution rule of conduction current in the soil under the action of artificially applying a stable current field. The high-density double-ring infiltration method realizes the automation and visual monitoring of field data acquisition. However, the measurement accuracy of the heterogeneous soil in the field space is poor because the mathematical theoretical basis is the level of a test field and the underground half space is a uniform, infinite and isotropic medium. In addition, dozens of to hundreds of electrodes are needed to be arranged on each measuring point of an observation profile during field measurement, and the electrodes inserted into the soil in large quantity can generate great disturbance on the profile of the tested soil, so that the infiltration process of the undisturbed soil can not be truly reflected, and the application range of the soil is limited.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a polycyclic moisture infiltration test system has advantages such as the combination is dismantled conveniently, the flood peak is adjustable and data automatic acquisition transmission, can satisfy not unidimensional dicyclo simultaneously and infiltrate the experimental demand of influence to moisture.

In order to solve the problem, the utility model discloses a polycyclic moisture infiltration test system, include:

the multi-ring infiltrating device comprises a Mariotte bottle, a water head adjusting lifter, a weighing sensor, a paperless recorder, a multi-ring infiltrating device and an earth-penetrating beating device, wherein the multi-ring infiltrating device comprises a plurality of concentric monomer rings, and the monomer rings have different diameters;

the two March bottles are arranged on the water head adjusting lifter and are used for respectively supplying water to the target double rings according to a preset water head; wherein the target bicyclic ring is two monomer rings in the polycyclic infiltration apparatus corresponding to the size of the test protocol bicyclic ring;

the two weighing sensors are arranged on the water head adjusting lifter and are respectively positioned below the two Mariotte bottles, the weighing sensors correspond to the Mariotte bottles one by one, and the weighing sensors are used for measuring the mass change data of the corresponding Mariotte bottles;

the adjusting water head lifter is used for adjusting the preset water heads of the two Mariotte bottles simultaneously;

the paperless recorder is respectively connected with the weighing sensors and is used for recording the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensors;

the soil-entering beating device is connected with the upper end of the target double ring and used for uniformly pressing the target double ring into test soil under the action of external force.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the utility model further comprises a water permeable baffle;

the water permeable baffle is arranged in the target double ring and is used for dividing each single ring in the target double ring into a plurality of water chambers which are mutually communicated, and the plurality of water chambers which are mutually communicated are in a central symmetrical structure;

the water permeable baffles arranged in the target double-ring inner ring are mutually vertical cross baffles, and the water permeable baffles arranged in the target double-ring outer ring are plane baffles;

a plurality of first clamping grooves are formed in the circumferential wall of the single ring at equal intervals and used for being inserted into the water permeable baffle.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the device is beaten into soil, include: the stress component, the supporting rod and the second clamping groove;

the upper ends of the support rods are simultaneously connected with the lower ends of the stressed components through first rotating shafts;

the lower end of each supporting rod is connected with the second clamping grooves one by one through a second rotating shaft;

the support rod is provided with a preset bending angle, and after the support rod is connected with the stressed component, the bending surface of the support rod faces to the central axis of the stressed component.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable head lift includes:

the tray is arranged between the Mariotte bottle and the weighing sensor and is used for supporting the Mariotte bottle;

the bearing flat plate is arranged below the weighing sensor, is connected with the lower end of the weighing sensor and is used for supporting the Mariotte bottle and the weighing sensor;

the adjustable lifting support is arranged below the bearing flat plate, is connected with the bearing flat plate and is used for adjusting the height of the bearing flat plate, and a lifting platform graduated scale is arranged on the adjustable lifting support;

the base, set up in adjustable lifting support below and with adjustable lifting support connects.

In an embodiment of the invention, the lower end of the monomer ring has a cutting edge of a predetermined height.

The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, first draw-in groove is provided with first screw along vertical direction equidistant, the both sides wall of the baffle that permeates water is provided with the second screw along vertical direction, first screw with the second screw passes through bolted connection.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the bending angle ranges from 60 ° to 75 °.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the base includes:

a lifter fixing plate, a plurality of folding legs;

the upper end face of the lifter fixing plate is connected with the adjustable lifting support, and the lower end face of the lifter fixing plate is connected with the plurality of folding legs.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the mahalanobis bottle includes:

the Martensitic bottle comprises a Martensitic bottle body, a bottle opening and a bottle neck, wherein the Martensitic bottle body is provided with the bottle opening;

the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the bottle opening and has radial pressure on the bottle opening;

the upper end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air inlet, the lower end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air outlet, the end surface of the elastic sealing plug is penetrated in the March's bottle body, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body;

and the water outlet valve is communicated with the inner ring or the outer ring of the target double ring through a water guide pipe.

The utility model discloses a following advantage:

the utility model discloses a polycyclic moisture infiltration test system includes Ma shi bottle, regulation flood peak lift, weighing sensor, no paper record appearance, polycyclic infiltration device and burial beat device, polycyclic infiltration device includes a plurality of monomer rings that set up concentrically, monomer ring has different diameters; the two March bottles are arranged on the water head adjusting lifter and are used for respectively supplying water to the target double rings according to a preset water head; wherein the target bicyclic ring is two monomer rings in the polycyclic infiltration apparatus corresponding to the size of the test protocol bicyclic ring; the soil-entering beating device is used for uniformly pressing the target double rings into test soil under the action of external force. Through the structure, the utility model can realize the combination of arbitrary double rings, can meet the test requirements of different inner and outer ring combinations on the influence of water infiltration, and has the advantages of convenient combination and disassembly, adjustable water head and automatic data acquisition and transmission; the combined double rings are pressed into test soil with equal pressure and equal depth by the soil-entering beating device, so that the inclination caused by uneven stress is avoided.

The utility model discloses in, before target dicyclo push test soil, the utility model discloses earlier through the baffle that permeates water with the internal and external ring rigidity of target dicyclo, the fixed target dicyclo that permeates water behind the baffle is central symmetrical structure to this can guarantee to adopt when the device of beating that buries beats and beat the monomer ring in with the target dicyclo one-to-one and beat into soil, can guarantee that the target dicyclo is indeformable, the interannular distance is unanimous.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-ring moisture infiltration testing system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the Ma's bottle of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the adjustable head lift of the present invention;

fig. 4a is a schematic front structural view of the paperless recorder of the present invention;

fig. 4b is a schematic view of the back structure of the paperless recorder of the present invention;

figure 5a is a front view of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus of the present invention;

figure 5b is a top view of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 5c is a schematic perspective view of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the monomer ring of the present invention;

fig. 7a is a schematic structural view of the flat baffle of the present invention;

fig. 7b is a schematic structural view of the cross baffle of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the soil-working striking device of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a mahalanobis bottle, 101-a mahalanobis bottle body, 102-an elastic sealing plug, 103-an air inlet thin tube, 104-a water outlet valve and 105-a water guide tube;

2-adjusting a water head lifter, 201-a tray, 202-a bearing flat plate, 203-an adjustable lifting support, 204-a base, 205-a lifting platform scale; 2041-lifter fixed plate; 2042-folding legs;

3-a weighing sensor; 4-paperless recorder;

5-multiple ring infiltration device, 501-single ring, 502-permeable baffle, 503-first slot, 504-blade, 505-handle, 506-permeable hole;

6-a soil-entering beating device, 601-a stress member, 602-a support rod, 603-a second clamping groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

To the technical problem that present dicyclo infiltration appearance exists, refer to fig. 1, show the utility model relates to a polycyclic moisture infiltration test system's schematic structure, this system can include:

the device comprises a Mariotte bottle 1, an adjusting water head lifter 2, a weighing sensor 3, a paperless recorder 4, a multi-ring infiltration device 5 and an earth-penetrating beating device 6, wherein the multi-ring infiltration device 5 comprises a plurality of monomer rings 501 which are concentrically arranged, and the monomer rings 501 have different diameters;

the two Mariotte bottles 1 are arranged on the water head adjusting lifter 2 and used for respectively supplying water to the target double rings according to a preset water head; wherein the target double loop is two monomer loops 501 in the multi-loop infiltration apparatus 5 corresponding to the size of the double loop of the test protocol;

the two weighing sensors 3 are arranged on the adjusting water head lifter 2 and are respectively positioned below the two Mariotte bottles 1, the weighing sensors 3 correspond to the Mariotte bottles 1 one by one, and the weighing sensors 3 are used for metering the mass change quantity of the corresponding Mariotte bottles 1;

the adjusting water head lifter 2 is used for adjusting the preset water heads of the two Mariotte bottles 1 at the same time;

the paperless recorder 4 is respectively connected with the weighing sensor 3 and is used for recording the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor 3;

and the soil-entering beating device 6 is connected with the upper end of the target double ring and is used for uniformly pressing the target double ring into the test soil under the action of external force.

Wherein, mah-jong bottle 1 is based on the communicating vessel principle for outside pressure is unanimous in the container, thereby realizes invariable and automatic water supply's of the interior head of mah-jong bottle device, specifically speaking, refer to fig. 2, this mah-jong bottle 1 can include: the Martensitic bottle comprises a Martensitic bottle body 101 provided with a bottle mouth; an elastic sealing plug 102 mounted in the bottle mouth and having a radial pressure on the bottle mouth; the upper end of the air inlet thin tube 103 is an air inlet, the lower end of the air inlet thin tube is an air outlet, the end surface of the elastic sealing plug 102 penetrates through the March's bottle body 101, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body 101; and the water outlet valve 104 is communicated with the inner ring or the outer ring of the target double ring through a water guide pipe 105.

The utility model discloses in, the gas outlet of inlet tubule 103 lower extreme is for the flood peak (soil surface area depth of water) with the difference in height on experimental soil surface, along with the infiltration of target dicyclo intra-annular moisture, the intra-annular liquid level produces small liquid level difference with the gas outlet of mah-jong bottle 1, and this liquid level difference provides the water supply power of mah-jong bottle 1. When the liquid level in the ring is flush with the air outlet, the water supply of the Malpighian bottle 1 is stopped, and the process is circulated repeatedly. Therefore, the utility model discloses an adjust the height of gas outlet, can realize the regulation of moisture infiltration flood peak for mah-jong bottle 1 can supply water to the target dicyclo according to predetermined flood peak. Optionally, the utility model discloses the height of gas outlet is adjusted to accessible pulling tubule 103 that admits air from top to bottom.

However because the utility model discloses a carry out the infiltration experiment to open-air soil, and the polycyclic infiltrates device 5 and has certain height, will make the gas outlet of mah-jong bottle 1 and the experimental soil surface in the target dicyclo produce the liquid level difference, before adjusting the flood peak, still need fill up 1 with mah-jong bottle, consider that mah-jong bottle 1 is bulky, the quality is heavier, if direct lower extreme pad supporter at mah-jong bottle 1 is comparatively difficult, and the flood peak is adjusted inconveniently. Based on this, the utility model also provides an adjust flood peak lift 2, the mahalanobis bottle 1 of developing the experiment all lays on this adjusts flood peak lift 2, adjusts flood peak lift 2 and can carry out coarse adjustment and/or fine adjustment to the predetermined flood peak of all mahalanobis bottles 1 that support. Specifically, referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the regulating head lift 2 may include: the device comprises a tray 201, a bearing flat plate 202, an adjustable lifting support 203, a base 204 and the like, wherein the tray 201 is arranged between the Mariotte 1 and a weighing sensor 3, and the tray 201 is used for supporting the Mariotte 1; the bearing flat plate 202 is arranged below the weighing sensor 3, is connected with the lower end of the weighing sensor 3 and is used for supporting the Mariotte bottle 1 and the weighing sensor 3; the adjustable lifting support 203 is arranged below the bearing flat plate 202, is connected with the bearing flat plate 202 and is used for adjusting the height of the bearing flat plate 202, and a lifting platform graduated scale 205 is arranged on the adjustable lifting support 203; the base 204 is disposed below the adjustable lifting bracket 203 and connected to the adjustable lifting bracket 203.

As shown in fig. 3, the adjustable lifting bracket 203 includes a height adjusting knob (not shown), an S-shaped lifting rod (not shown), and a lifting platform scale 205. The user can control the S-shaped lifting rod to be compared with the scale marks on the lifting platform scale 205 to lift up and down by rotating the height adjusting knob, and the fine adjustment of the water head of the March flask 1 can be realized by pulling the air inlet thin tube 103 on the March flask body 101 up and down. And a lifter height locking button (not marked in the figure) is arranged on the height adjusting knob, when the height difference between the air outlet of the Mariotte bottle and the surface of the test soil is equal to a preset test water head, the rotation is stopped, the lifter height locking button is pressed, and the adjustment of the water head is finished.

Wherein, the bearing flat plate 202 is fixed on the adjustable lifting support 203 through the fastening bolt, two weighing sensors 3 are distributed at the two ends of the bearing flat plate 202 at equal intervals by taking the adjustable lifting support 203 as the origin, and the lower end surfaces of the weighing sensors 3 can be fixed with the upper end surface of the bearing flat plate 202 through the fastening bolt or the bonding mode and the like. Two trays 201 pass through the bolt and fix respectively to two weighing sensor 3 on, it needs to be noted that, weighing sensor 3's the weight measurement principle is through the change conversion of the inside deformation material resistance of sensor that arouses with the mass change voltage or current signal, when tray 201 bottom and weighing sensor 3 surface are tightly laminated, the change of the quality of mah-jong bottle 1 can not cause the change of the inside deformation material resistance of weighing sensor 3, therefore can't measure the water yield change that enters into experimental soil from the mah-bottle, therefore, when weighing sensor 3 is fixed with tray 201, its upper surface still reserves enough space, optional 5 ~ 10 mm.

The base 204 is placed on the ground, and functions to support and adjust the head lift 2 and to level and adjust the head lift 2. As shown in fig. 3, the base 204 may include: an elevator fixing plate 2041, a plurality of folding legs 2042; the upper end surface of the lifter fixing plate 2041 is connected to the adjustable lifting bracket 203, and the lower end surface thereof is connected to the plurality of folding legs 2042. The plurality of folding legs 2042 are uniformly arranged at the lower end of the elevator fixing plate 2041, and the upper ends of the folding legs 2042 and the lower end face of the elevator fixing plate 2041 can be designed to be foldable structures so as to be accommodated when a test is not performed; the lower end of the folding leg 2042 is of a conical structure, so that the whole support can be conveniently inserted into soil, and a stabilizing effect is achieved. The experimenter needs to level the entire adjustable head lift 2 when inserting the folding legs 2042 into the soil.

And the paperless recorder 4 is a multi-channel data acquisition paperless recorder 4. Optionally, referring to fig. 4a and 4b, the front of the paperless recorder 4 mainly comprises a digital input panel, a data output panel and function keys, and the back is provided with a power jack and a dc battery card slot. The numeric input panel may be used to set the time, date, and parameters (e.g., range, calibration factor, sampling interval, file name, etc.) corresponding to the function keys. Of course, the user can also set the physical quantity (such as measuring range, correction coefficient, sampling interval, file name, etc.) in the function key through the digital input panel. The function keys comprise sampling intervals, correction coefficients, data formats and keys for data storage. For example, by operating the function key of "sampling interval", the user can reasonably set the data sampling interval according to the test time period, such as 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, etc.; the user can find out a reasonable proportional relation by operating the function key of 'correction coefficient' to correct the data; the user can select the default saved data format, such as Txt or Excel format, by operating the function key of "data format"; the user can read the test data through the data output interface on the paperless recorder 4 by the function key of 'data saving'. The data output panel is used for displaying the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor 3 in real time so as to know the water quantity change in the Mariotte 1. The power jack can be connected with the mains supply through a power line. For a short-term test, a user can select a portable battery to be installed in the direct-current battery clamping groove to supply power. The paperless recorder 4 can be connected with the client, and stores and transmits the collected Martensible bottle quality change data to the client.

As shown in fig. 1, when the test is performed, the paperless recorder 4 may be placed on the bearing plate 202 of the adjustable water head lift 2 and fixed on the bearing plate 202 by fastening bolts, and the paperless recorder 4 may be located between the two weighing sensors 3 to reduce the length of the signal line connected to both the weighing sensors 3.

The size and shape of the dual ring infiltration instrument can affect the infiltration measurement results due to the influence of the steel ring sidewall effect. The general research shows that the measuring result of the infiltration instrument with larger inner diameter is more stable, and the permeability coefficient is reduced along with the increase of the buffer index of the double-ring infiltration instrument. The influence of double rings consisting of different inner and outer ring diameters on water infiltration is conveniently developed. The user can press two monomer rings 501 (target double rings) required for the test into the test soil through the soil-entering rapping device 6 according to the test requirements, while the other monomer rings 501 in the multi-ring infiltration device 5 are not pressed into the soil.

Fig. 5a, 5b and 5c are multi-ring system diagrams composed of monomer rings 501 with different diameters, and fig. 5a, 5b and 5c are only provided with 4 sizes (for the drawing effect, the present invention only shows 4 monomer rings 501, the present invention does not make specific requirements on the diameter and number of the monomer rings 501, and only makes an example, and the user can customize the monomer rings 501 with different numbers and diameters according to the actual requirement).

In practice, because in the experimental soil in-process of impressing the target dicyclo, meet the test soil that the water content is lower, the soil property is hard, the steel loop is at the in-process that strikes the entering soil, if the atress inequality can cause the steel loop deformation, leads to actually crossing water section area and reduces, not only causes measuring error, can reduce the durability of ring body moreover. Secondly, during the process of pressing the monomer ring 501 into the test soil by eyes, the inner ring and the outer ring of the target double ring are also caused to be non-concentric rings, the non-concentric rings cause that the infiltration rate is smaller (the lateral flow influence is smaller) at one side of the inner ring close to the large ring spacing, and the infiltration rate is larger (the lateral flow influence is larger) at one side of the inner ring close to the small ring spacing. Therefore, before target dicyclo push test soil, the utility model provides an earlier through the baffle 502 that permeates water with the internal and external ring rigidity of target dicyclo, the fixed target dicyclo that permeates water behind the baffle 502 is central symmetrical structure to this can guarantee to adopt and go into soil to beat when the device 6 beats into the monomer ring 501 in the target dicyclo one-to-one and beats into soil, can guarantee that the target dicyclo is indeformable, the interannular distance is unanimous.

In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 5b and fig. 5c, the water permeable baffle 502 is at least disposed in the target double ring for dividing each single ring 501 in the target double ring into a plurality of water chambers communicated with each other, and the plurality of water chambers communicated with each other are in a central symmetrical structure; the water permeable baffles 502 arranged in the target double-ring inner ring are mutually vertical cross baffles, and the water permeable baffles 502 arranged in the target double-ring outer ring are plane baffles; a plurality of first locking grooves 503 are formed on the circumferential wall of the single ring 501 at equal intervals, and the first locking grooves 503 are used for inserting the water-permeable baffle 502.

The single ring 501 is an open steel ring with upper and lower ends communicating with each other, and the lower end of the single ring 501 is provided with a blade 504 with a preset height so as to press the steel ring into the test soil, and optionally, the preset height may be set to 5 cm. The plurality of first engaging grooves 503 are disposed at equal intervals on the circumferential wall of the single ring 501, and the circumferential wall of the single ring 501 may refer to only the inner sidewall or both the inner and outer sidewalls at the same position. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 5b and fig. 5c, the outermost monomer ring 501 of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus 5 only needs to be provided with the first engaging groove 503 on the inner side wall, and the inner and outer side walls of the other monomer rings 501 are provided with the first engaging groove 503, so as to be connected with the other monomer rings 501 through the plane baffle, thereby realizing the combination of double rings with any different sizes.

Referring to fig. 6, the number of the first catching grooves 503 of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus 5 located on the outermost monomer ring 501 is four, and the inner and outer sidewalls of the other monomer rings 501 are respectively provided with four first catching grooves 503, and the four first catching grooves 503 are equally spaced on the circumferential wall of the monomer ring 501. When any two monomer rings 501 are assembled into the target double ring, the four side walls of the cross baffle are respectively clamped into the four first clamping grooves 503 on the inner side wall of the inner ring monomer ring 501, one ends of the four plane baffles are respectively clamped into the four first clamping grooves 503 on the outer side wall of the inner ring monomer ring 501, and the other ends of the four plane baffles are clamped into the four first clamping grooves 503 on the inner side wall of the outer ring monomer ring 501.

Referring to fig. 7a, a schematic structural diagram of the flat baffle of the present invention is shown. The planar barrier is disposed between two rings, such as between the second and third monomer rings 501, 501 of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus 5, and between the third and fourth monomer rings 501, 501 of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus 5. Referring to fig. 7b, for the structure of the cross baffle of the present invention, the cross baffle is disposed in the inner ring of the target double ring. Wherein the width of the plane baffle plate depends on the width between the two double rings, and the width of the cross baffle plate depends on the diameter of the inner ring of the target double ring. The height of the baffle 502 that permeates water generally is the portion that exceeds soil in the target double ring (i.e. the height that monomer ring 501 total height subtracts lower extreme cutting edge 504), the utility model discloses do not do the restriction to the concrete size of baffle 502 that permeates water, the user can customize the baffle 502 that permeates water of suitable size according to actual demand. As shown in fig. 7a and 7b, the water permeable barrier 502 is provided with water permeable holes 506 at the bottom thereof, so that even in the case where the water permeable barrier 502 is provided, it is ensured that each of the unit rings 501 in the objective double ring is divided into a plurality of water chambers communicating with each other to form an equal pressure surface.

To improve the stability of the target double ring during pressing into the test soil, the water permeable barrier 502 is placed in the target double ring. The utility model discloses in, first draw-in groove 503 is provided with first screw along vertical direction equidistant, and the both sides wall of the baffle 502 that permeates water is provided with the second screw along vertical direction, and first screw passes through bolted connection with the second screw. The first screw hole and the second screw hole may be one or more. When the number of the single ring is one, only the first clamping groove 503 in the target double ring and the second screw hole on the water permeable baffle plate 502 are fixed through bolts when a test is carried out, and other single rings 501 in the multi-ring infiltration device 5 are manually lifted so as to ensure the development of the double-ring infiltration test; when the number of the single ring bodies is multiple, besides the first clamping grooves 503 in the target double ring bodies and the second screw holes on the water permeable baffle plates 502 are fixed through bolts, the other single ring bodies 501 in the multi-ring infiltration device 5 can be staggered with the target double ring bodies after being fixed through bolts, so that the other single ring bodies 501 can be lifted, and the mode is more labor-saving in the test process. In addition, the outermost ring of the multi-ring infiltration apparatus 5 is further provided with a handle 505, which is convenient for carrying the multi-ring infiltration apparatus 5 and can prevent the blade 504 at the lower end of the single ring 501 from scratching the hand of the user.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the user needs to perform the double ring infiltration test under the two combined rings of the fourth monomer ring 501 and the second monomer ring 501 in fig. 5c, if the third monomer ring 501 is not lifted, the fourth monomer ring 501 and the second monomer ring 501 cannot form a communicating surface, and if the first monomer ring 501 is not lifted, the second monomer ring 501 cannot form a complete communicating surface. Therefore, after pressing the target double ring (e.g. the fourth monomer ring 501 and the second monomer ring 501) into the test soil, the user first fixes one end of the planar baffle shown in fig. 7a in the outer ring of the target double ring (the first slot 503 inside the fourth monomer ring 501 or the first slot 503 outside the second monomer ring 501) pressed into the test soil by fastening bolts, then slightly lifts the other monomer ring 501 off the ground by about 5mm (the user does not need to lift the other monomer ring 501 except the target double ring particularly high as long as it does not obstruct the flow of moisture, e.g. the third monomer ring 501 is lifted, and the area between the fourth monomer ring 501 and the second monomer ring 501 forms an equal pressure surface), and then fixes the other end of the planar baffle shown in fig. 7a in the outer ring of the target double ring (the first slot 503 inside the fourth monomer ring 501 or the first slot 503 outside the second monomer ring 501) pressed into the test soil by fastening bolts And the four ends of the cross baffle shown in fig. 7b are respectively fixed on the four first clamping grooves 503 on the inner side of the second monomer ring 501 through fastening bolts. If the multiple rings are 5, 6 … … layers of rings, and so on, any double ring combination is achieved.

In the present invention, referring to fig. 8, the soil-entering beating device 6 may include: a force-bearing member 601, a support rod 602 and a second clamping groove 603; the upper ends of the support rods 602 are simultaneously connected with the lower ends of the stressed members 601 through first rotating shafts; the lower end of each support rod 602 is connected with the second clamping grooves 603 one by one through a second rotating shaft; the supporting rod 602 has a predetermined bending angle, and after the supporting rod 602 is connected to the force-receiving member 601, the bending surface of the supporting rod 602 faces the central axis of the force-receiving member.

The stressed member 601 can be cylindrical, the upper surface of the stressed member is a knocking tool striking stressed surface, 4 semicircular grooves are formed in the bottom surface of the stressed member, an installation part is arranged in the middle of each groove, and after the installation part is connected with the first rotating shaft, the supporting rods 602 can move along the radial direction of the stressed member 601 to adjust the opening distance of the in-soil knocking device 6, so that the stressed member is suitable for the single rings 501 with different diameters to knock the single rings into test soil. The support rod 602 is an L-shaped solid metal rod. Optionally, the bending angle of the supporting rod 602 ranges from 60 ° to 75 °, and within this range, the single ring 501 may be effectively applied to different diameters, and may also prevent the single ring 501 from expanding and deforming due to an excessive lateral component of the vertical knocking force passing through the supporting rod 602. The bayonet in the second bayonet slot 603 is square and can match with the end face of the monomer ring 501. The second engaging groove 603 is connected to the second rotating shaft at the lower end of the supporting rod 602 and then can rotate around the shaft, so as to be more conveniently engaged with the upper end of the single ring 501.

Before the user carries out the experiment, rotate bracing piece 602 to suitable angle, then insert second draw-in groove 603 on the monomer ring 501 extend can, then beat the thing and hit the upper surface of atress component 601 with hammers etc. and hit, the conduction through bracing piece 602 is pressed the monomer ring 501 into experimental soil.

To sum up, the utility model discloses the structure of polycyclic moisture infiltration test system has been explained in detail, and this system can realize the combination of arbitrary dicyclo, can satisfy the test demand that different inner and outer ring combinations influence moisture infiltration, has the convenient advantage of combination dismantlement; due to the arrangement of the water permeable baffle 502, the combined double rings are ensured to be concentric rings; the combined double-ring driven-in beating device 6 is pressed into test soil with equal pressure and equal depth, so that the inclination caused by uneven stress is avoided; the Mariotte bottle 1 is horizontally arranged on the adjusting water head lifter 2, the height of an air outlet inside the Mariotte bottle is adjusted through the air inlet thin tube 103, and the accurate adjustment of the infiltration water head can be realized by combining with a height adjusting knob on the adjusting water head lifter 2; the two Marble bottles 1 are connected with the inner ring and the outer ring of a target double ring through water guide pipes 105 (rubber hoses), the mass change data of the Marble bottles in the test process are collected through the weighing sensors 3, and then the mass change data are recorded through the paperless recorder 4, so that the automatic measurement and recording of the test soil infiltration data can be realized.

Based on the system, the developed field double-ring water infiltration test comprises the following steps:

first, the test soil was leveled. Because the double-ring infiltration instrument is used for infiltration under pressure of accumulated water, the ground level is required during measurement in order to keep the depth of the accumulated water in the double rings uniform, and a user needs to level surface soil slightly larger than the cross section area of the maximum ring by using a scraper or a shovel in order to eliminate the influence of plant roots, surface stones and garbage on a double-ring infiltration experiment.

Next, the multi-ring infiltration device 5 shown in fig. 5a, 5b and 5c is placed on the surface of the leveled test soil, a target double ring is selected from the multi-ring infiltration device 5 according to the experimental requirements, then the second clamping groove 603 on the soil-entering rapping device 6 shown in fig. 8 is inserted into any single ring 501 in the target double ring, an iron hammer is used for striking the stressed surface of the soil-entering rapping device 6, the single ring 501 is slowly pressed into the soil, the 5cm blade 504 at the lower end of the single ring 501 is flush with the ground, the single ring 501 can be stopped, and the rapping force conduction bracket is removed. Because the four L-shaped solid metal rods equally transmit the knocking force to four symmetrical points of the monomer ring 501, the monomer ring 501 is not easy to incline in the descending process, and the damage to the test soil caused by the single-side knocking of the monomer ring 501 is effectively avoided. The above procedure is then repeated and the remaining monomer loop 501 in the target double loop is knocked into the test soil. The water permeable barrier 502 is then secured to the target double ring.

Before the test, in order to prevent the water supply from being interrupted due to the accidental toppling of the mahalanobis bottle during the test, the user must level the adjusting head lift 2 shown in fig. 3. The user firstly unfolds 4 folding legs 2042 at the bottom of the adjusting water head lift 2, selects flat land with the distance of 50-100 cm from the outermost ring, forcibly presses the folding legs 2042 into the soil until the adjusting water head lift 2 does not shake, and adjusts the lift fixing plate 2041 and the bearing flat plate 202 on the adjusting water head lift 2 to be horizontal (both vertical directions are horizontal) by using a level meter. In addition, the on-off key of the paperless recorder 4 on the adjusting head elevator 2 needs to be opened, and the measured data of the sensor 3 is corrected by adopting 2 or 3 standard weights. And (3) placing the standard weight on the tray 201, observing the increment of the data channel of the paperless recorder 4 corresponding to the tray 201, when the increment is equal to the mass of the standard weight and does not need to be adjusted, and when the increment is not equal to the mass of the standard weight, pressing a correction coefficient button of the paperless recorder 4 by a user, and adjusting the size of the correction coefficient until the increment is equal to the mass of the standard weight.

And then, closing a water outlet valve 104 of the mahalanobis bottle 1 shown in fig. 2, pulling out an elastic sealing plug 102 and an air inlet thin tube 103 at the top end of the mahalanobis bottle body 101, filling water into the mahalanobis bottle body 101 by using a conical funnel without filling, and adding the water to a scale slightly higher than the scale corresponding to the predicted water consumption. Then the elastic sealing plug 102 is tightly plugged and inserted into the air inlet tubule 103, and then a small amount of water is used for sealing the contact port of the elastic sealing plug 102 and the Martensis bottle in a water plugging way. And finally checking the air tightness, wherein a user blocks the air inlet of the Mariotte bottle 1 by hand, then opens the water outlet valve 104, when no water flows out from the water outlet of the water outlet valve 104, the air tightness is good, otherwise, the air tightness of the water outlet valve 104 is checked until no water flows out from the water outlet.

Then, the head adjustment is started. The water head adjustment comprises two steps of rough adjustment and fine adjustment: firstly, 2 Mariothis bottles 1 shown in figure 2 are respectively placed in the middle of the two trays 201 shown in figure 3, and the water outlets of the Mariothis bottles 1 face to the double-ring direction. Secondly, according to the requirement of the test water head, the air inlet tubule 103 of the Mariotte bottle 1 is moved up and down, and the height difference between the position of the air outlet at the lower end and the surface of the test soil in the target double ring is basically flush with the preset water head. And finally, rotating a height adjusting knob of the water head adjusting lifter 2 shown in the figure 3 until the height difference between the air outlet of the Mariotte bottle and the surface of the test soil is equal to the preset water head of the test, stopping rotating, pressing a lifter height locking button on the height adjusting knob, and finishing the adjustment of the water head.

After the above steps are completed, one end of the water introduction tube 105 connecting the two marquis's bottle 1 is placed in the inner ring and the outer ring of the target double ring, respectively. In order to prevent the water guiding pipes 105 from being twisted by the fast water flow to fall outside the double ring at the initial time, the two water guiding pipes 105 may be slightly longer. The above steps are correct, and the water outlet valve 104 of 2 Mariotte bottles 1 shown in figure 1 is opened at the same time, and the test is started.

And calculating the vertical permeability coefficient of the test soil according to the acquired data.

It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.

It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions or should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal equipment comprising the element.

It is right above to the technical scheme that the utility model provides a detailed introduction has been carried out, and it is right to have used specific individual example herein the utility model discloses a principle and implementation mode have been elucidated, and the description of above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the utility model discloses, this description content should not be understood as right the utility model discloses a restriction. For the person skilled in the art, it is also possible to use the invention in a number of different embodiments and applications, without the embodiments being exhaustive, and the obvious changes or modifications which are introduced here are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-ring moisture infiltration testing system, comprising:

the device comprises a Mariotte bottle (1), a regulating water head elevator (2), a weighing sensor (3), a paperless recorder (4), a multi-ring infiltration device (5) and an earth-penetrating beating device (6), wherein the multi-ring infiltration device (5) comprises a plurality of concentrically arranged single rings (501), and the single rings (501) have different diameters;

the two Mariotte bottles (1) are arranged on the water head adjusting lifter (2) and are used for respectively supplying water to the target double rings according to a preset water head; wherein the target bicyclic ring is two monomer rings (501) in the multi-ring infiltration apparatus (5) corresponding to the size of the test protocol bicyclic ring;

the two weighing sensors (3) are arranged on the water head adjusting lifter (2) and are respectively positioned below the two Mariotte bottles (1), the weighing sensors (3) correspond to the Mariotte bottles (1) one by one, and the weighing sensors (3) are used for measuring the mass change data of the corresponding Mariotte bottles (1);

the water head adjusting lifter (2) is used for adjusting the preset water heads of the two Mariotte bottles (1) at the same time;

the paperless recorder (4) is respectively connected with the weighing sensor (3) and is used for recording the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor (3);

and the soil-entering beating device (6) is connected with the upper end of the target double ring and is used for uniformly pressing the target double ring into the test soil under the action of external force.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a water permeable barrier (502);

the water permeable baffle (502) is arranged in the target double ring and is used for dividing each monomer ring (501) in the target double ring into a plurality of mutually communicated water chambers, and the plurality of mutually communicated water chambers are of a central symmetrical structure;

the water permeable baffles (502) arranged in the target double-ring inner ring are mutually vertical cross baffles, and the water permeable baffles (502) arranged in the target double-ring outer ring are plane baffles;

a plurality of first clamping grooves (503) are formed in the circumferential wall of the monomer ring (501) at equal intervals, and the first clamping grooves (503) are used for inserting the water permeable baffle (502).

3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the said soil-working rapping device (6) comprises: the device comprises a stressed member (601), a support rod (602) and a second clamping groove (603);

the upper ends of the support rods (602) are simultaneously connected with the lower ends of the stress components (601) through a first rotating shaft;

the lower end of each supporting rod (602) is connected with the second clamping grooves (603) one by one through a second rotating shaft;

the supporting rod (602) has a preset bending angle, and after the supporting rod (602) is connected with the stressed member (601), the bending surface of the supporting rod (602) faces to the central axis of the stressed member.

4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating head lift (2) comprises:

the tray (201) is arranged between the Mariotte bottle (1) and the weighing sensor (3), and the tray (201) is used for supporting the Mariotte bottle (1);

the bearing flat plate (202) is arranged below the weighing sensor (3), is connected with the lower end of the weighing sensor (3) and is used for supporting the Mariotte bottle (1) and the weighing sensor (3);

the adjustable lifting support (203) is arranged below the bearing flat plate (202), is connected with the bearing flat plate (202) and is used for adjusting the height of the bearing flat plate (202), and a lifting platform scale (205) is arranged on the adjustable lifting support (203);

the base (204) is arranged below the adjustable lifting support (203) and is connected with the adjustable lifting support (203).

5. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower end of the monomer ring (501) has a knife edge (504) of a preset height.

6. The system according to claim 2, wherein the first clamping groove (503) is provided with first screw holes at equal intervals along the vertical direction, and two side walls of the water-permeable baffle (502) are provided with second screw holes along the vertical direction, and the first screw holes and the second screw holes are connected through bolts.

7. The system of claim 3, wherein the bend angle is in a range of 60 ° to 75 °.

8. The system of claim 4, wherein the base (204) comprises:

an elevator fixing plate (2041), a plurality of folding legs (2042);

the upper end face of the lifter fixing plate (2041) is connected with the adjustable lifting support (203), and the lower end face of the lifter fixing plate is connected with the plurality of folding legs (2042).

9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said mahalanobis bottle (1) comprises:

a Martensitic bottle body (101) provided with a bottle mouth;

an elastic sealing plug (102) mounted in the bottle mouth and having a radial pressure on the bottle mouth;

the upper end of the air inlet thin tube (103) is an air inlet, the lower end of the air inlet thin tube is an air outlet, the end face penetrating through the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the March's bottle body (101), and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body (101);

and the water outlet valve (104) is communicated with the inner ring or the outer ring of the target double ring through a water guide pipe (105).

Images