CN214944601U

CN214944601U - Piston and engine

Info

Publication number: CN214944601U
Application number: CN202120252331.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宗澜; 陈泓; 李钰怀
Original assignee: Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-28
Filing date: 2021-01-28
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-28

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the combustion chamber, a piston and engine are related to. This piston is including setting up the piston crown surface at the top of piston, be provided with top plane, shape of a hoof pit and intake valve on the piston crown surface and dodge the pit, shape of a hoof pit and intake valve dodge the pit and all be less than the top plane, shape of a hoof pit is dodged by being close to one side direction that the pit was dodged to the intake valve and is kept away from one side degree of depth that the pit was dodged to the intake valve increases gradually, shape of a hoof pit's bottom surface is the inclined plane. According to the piston and the engine, when compression is finished, the tumble center in the cylinder is just coincided with the center of the spark plug electrode. Because the central speed of the tumble is 0, the influence of the airflow in the cylinder on the ignition arc of the ignition electrode of the spark plug can be avoided to the greatest extent, and the ignition stability is ensured. Meanwhile, the tumble center is overlapped with the spark plug electrode, so that the tumble in the cylinder is improved, and the tumble center at the end of compression is in an ideal position.

Description

Piston and engine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the combustion chamber, especially, relate to a piston engine.

Background

The design of a combustion chamber of a gasoline engine is the key point of gasoline engine development, and the design of the combustion chamber has direct influence on the flow, mixing and combustion in a cylinder, so that the dynamic property and oil consumption of the engine are influenced. At present, gasoline engines all adopt higher in-cylinder tumble flow, so that mixing can be improved, combustion can be accelerated, oil consumption is reduced, and power is improved. The difficulty in developing the in-cylinder tumble organization is to control the tumble center to be in an ideal position while lifting the in-cylinder tumble level.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: a piston and an engine are provided to control the tumble center at an ideal position while raising the tumble level in a cylinder.

For solving the technical problem, on the one hand, the utility model provides a piston, be in including setting up the piston crown face at the top of piston, it dodges the hole to be provided with top plane, shape of a hoof pit and (air) intake valve on the piston crown face, shape of a hoof pit and (air) intake valve dodge the hole and all be less than the top plane, shape of a hoof pit is by being close to one side direction that the (air) intake valve dodged the hole is kept away from one side degree of depth that the (air) intake valve dodges the hole increases gradually, the bottom surface of shape of a hoof pit is the inclined plane.

Optionally, one side of the horseshoe-shaped pit, which is close to the intake valve avoiding pit, is a straight edge, one side of the horseshoe-shaped pit, which is far away from the intake valve avoiding pit, is an arc edge which is larger than a semicircle, and the length of the straight edge is smaller than the diameter of the horseshoe-shaped pit.

Optionally, an included angle between the bottom surface of the horseshoe-shaped pit and the top plane is 3.5-5.5 °, and the radius of the horseshoe-shaped pit is 31-35 mm.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the utility model provides an engine, including cylinder body, cylinder cap, intake valve, spark plug, exhaust valve and foretell piston, the piston sets up in the cylinder of cylinder body, spark plug, intake valve and exhaust valve are installed on the cylinder cap, the inner chamber that cylinder cap, piston crown face and cylinder wall enclose to close and form is the combustion chamber;

at the end of the compression of the piston, the tumble center in the cylinder coincides with the electrode center of the spark plug.

Optionally, two air inlet valves are arranged, and an included angle between each air inlet valve and the vertical direction is 17-19 degrees;

the number of the exhaust valves is two, and the included angle between each exhaust valve and the vertical direction is 16-18 degrees;

the distance between the two exhaust valves is 1mm larger than the distance between the two intake valves.

Optionally, an exhaust side top surface, an intake side top surface and a spark plug mounting surface are arranged on the cylinder cover, an included angle between the exhaust side top surface and a horizontal plane is 16-18 degrees, and an included angle between the intake side top surface and the horizontal plane is 18 degrees;

the spark plug mounting surface is located between the exhaust side top surface and the intake side top surface, and the spark plug is mounted on the spark plug mounting surface.

Optionally, the cylinder head is provided with two combustion chamber height detection surfaces symmetrically arranged relative to the spark plug mounting surface, the combustion chamber height detection surfaces are circular planes parallel to the horizontal plane, and the diameter of each circular plane is 4 mm.

Optionally, an injector mounting surface for mounting an injector is arranged on the cylinder cover, the injector mounting surface is arranged close to the intake valve, and an included angle between the injector mounting surface and a vertical direction surface is 67 °.

Optionally, an intake valve shielding surface surrounding the intake valve is arranged on the cylinder cover;

the surrounding angle of the air inlet valve shielding surface is 150-170 degrees, the edge gap between the air inlet valve shielding surface and the air inlet valve is 0.4-0.8mm, and the height of the air inlet valve shielding surface is 2.4-2.6 mm.

Optionally, the spark plug is arranged obliquely, and the included angle between the axial direction of the spark plug and the vertical direction is 5-7 degrees;

and the electrode of the spark plug is deviated to the exhaust valve, and the horizontal offset distance of the electrode of the spark plug is 2-3 mm.

According to the piston and the engine provided by the embodiment of the application, during a compression stroke, the piston moves upwards, as the horseshoe-shaped pit and the intake valve avoiding pit of the piston crown surface are lower than the top plane of the piston crown surface (namely, no bulge is arranged on the piston crown surface), the attenuation of the tumble flow in the cylinder during the compression stroke can be reduced, as the depth of the horseshoe-shaped pit is gradually increased from one side close to the intake valve avoiding pit to one side far away from the intake valve avoiding pit, the bottom surface of the horseshoe-shaped pit is an inclined surface (the horseshoe-shaped pit has an inclination angle towards the exhaust side), the horseshoe-shaped pit pushes the tumble center to move towards the exhaust side, and when the compression is finished, the tumble center in the cylinder is just coincided with the center of the spark plug electrode. Because the central speed of the tumble is 0, the influence of the airflow in the cylinder on the ignition arc of the ignition electrode of the spark plug can be avoided to the greatest extent, and the ignition stability is ensured. Meanwhile, the tumble center is superposed with the spark plug electrode, so that the tumble in the cylinder is improved, the tumble center at the end of compression is in an ideal position, the flow field distribution near the spark plug electrode is more uniform, the combustion speed can be improved, the flame diffusion speed to the periphery is basically consistent (the flame diffusion is uniform), and the detonation tendency is reduced. Through experimental verification, the combustion chamber of the engine has high combustion speed and combustion stability, and the fuel consumption can be reduced while the dynamic property of the engine is improved.

In addition, the piston crown surface is not provided with bulges, the horseshoe-shaped concave pit structure is regular, and the piston crown surface can be formed by full machining, so that the precision of the piston crown surface is ensured, and the trial-manufacturing progress of the compression ratio of the engine can be improved. And the compression ratio of the engine can be adjusted by adjusting the machining depth of the horseshoe-shaped pit so as to realize different performance performances of the engine.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a combustion chamber of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cylinder head of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a surrounding angle of an intake valve shielding surface of a cylinder head of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gap and a height of an intake valve shielding surface of a cylinder head of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a top view of a piston crown of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a piston crown of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic layout view of intake and exhaust valves of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a spark plug arrangement for an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a position of a tumble center in a compression stroke of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

1. a cylinder cover; 11. an exhaust side ceiling surface; 12. an intake valve shielding surface; 13. a fuel injector mounting surface; 14. an intake side top surface; 15. a combustion chamber height detection plane; 16. a spark plug mounting surface; 2. a piston crown; 21. a horseshoe-shaped pit; 22. an intake valve avoiding pit; 23. a top plane; 3. an intake valve; 4. a spark plug; 5. an exhaust valve; 6. a piston; 7. and a cylinder.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the embodiment of the present invention provides an engine, which includes a cylinder body, a cylinder cover 1, an intake valve 3, a spark plug 4, an exhaust valve 5 and a piston 6, wherein the piston 6 is disposed in a cylinder 7 of the cylinder body, and the spark plug 4, the intake valve 3 and the exhaust valve 5 are mounted on the cylinder cover 1.

Piston 6 is including setting up piston crown surface 2 at piston 6's top, piston crown surface 2 is last to be provided with top plane 23, horseshoe pit 21 and intake valve and dodges hole 22, horseshoe pit 21 and intake valve dodge hole 22 and all are less than top plane 23, horseshoe pit 21 by being close to one side direction that the intake valve dodged hole 22 is kept away from one side degree of depth that the pit 22 was dodged to the intake valve increases gradually, the bottom surface of horseshoe pit 21 is the inclined plane.

And an inner cavity formed by enclosing the cylinder cover 1, the piston crown surface 2 and the cylinder wall is a combustion chamber.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a side of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 close to the intake valve avoiding pit 22 is a straight edge, a side of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 away from the intake valve avoiding pit 22 is an arc edge larger than a semicircle, and a length of the straight edge is smaller than a diameter of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the angle b (pit inclination angle) between the bottom surface of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 and the top plane 23 is 3.5-5.5 °, preferably 4.5 °. The radius R of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 is 31-35mm, preferably 33.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, two intake valves 3 are provided, and the angle between the intake valves 3 and the vertical direction is 17-19 degrees, preferably 18 degrees; the number of the exhaust valves 5 is two, and the included angle between the exhaust valves 5 and the vertical direction is 16-18 degrees, and preferably 17 degrees. The distance between the two exhaust valves 5 is 1mm larger than that between the two intake valves 3, so that the arrangement space of the exhaust passage water jacket can be enlarged, and the cooling of the combustion chamber is enhanced.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the cylinder head 1 is provided with an exhaust side top surface 11, an intake side top surface 14 and a spark plug mounting surface 16, and the exhaust side top surface 11 forms an angle of 16-18 degrees, preferably 17 degrees, with the horizontal plane. The inlet side top surface 14 makes an angle of 18 ° with the horizontal plane. The spark plug mounting surface 16 is located between the exhaust side ceiling surface 11 and the intake side ceiling surface 14, and the spark plug 4 is mounted on the spark plug mounting surface 16.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, two combustion chamber height detection surfaces 15 are provided on the cylinder head 1, the combustion chamber height detection surfaces 15 being symmetrically provided with respect to the spark plug attachment surface 16, the combustion chamber height detection surfaces 15 being circular planes parallel to a horizontal plane, the circular planes having a diameter of 4 mm.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, an injector mounting surface 13 for mounting an injector is provided on the cylinder head 1, the injector mounting surface 13 is arranged close to the intake valve 3, and an included angle between the injector mounting surface 13 and a vertical direction surface is 67 °, that is, an injector mounting angle f is 23 ° (see fig. 8).

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the cylinder head 1 is provided with an intake valve shielding surface 12 surrounding the intake valve 3; the surrounding angle a of the intake valve shielding surface 12 is 150-170 °, preferably 160 °. The edge clearance L between the intake valve shielding surface 12 and the intake valve 3 is 0.4-0.8mm, preferably 0.6 mm. The height H of the intake valve shielding surface 12 is 2.4 to 2.6mm, preferably 2.5 mm.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the spark plug 4 is arranged obliquely, and the angle e between the axial direction of the spark plug 4 and the vertical direction is 5-7 degrees, and preferably 6 degrees. The electrode of the spark plug 4 is biased towards the exhaust valve 5, and the horizontal offset distance B of the electrode of the spark plug 4 is 2-3mm, preferably 2.5 mm.

In one embodiment, the spark plug 4 is installed on the spark plug installation surface 16 of the cylinder cover 1 through threads, the intake valve 3 and the exhaust valve 5 are opened and closed according to the crank angle of the engine, and in the compression stroke and the power stroke of the engine, the intake valve 3 and the exhaust valve 5 are in a closed state and are tightly attached to the valve sealing surface of the cylinder cover 1. The piston crown 2 is a top geometry feature of the piston 6, and the piston 6 moves up and down in the cylinder 7 according to the engine rotation angle (see fig. 9).

Referring to fig. 9, according to the piston 6 and the engine provided by the embodiment of the application, at the time of an intake stroke, when the intake valve 3 is in a small lift range, the intake valve shielding surface 12 in the cylinder cover 1 limits the airflow at the intake side, and the intake at the exhaust side of the intake valve 3 is not limited, so that strong tumble can be formed in the cylinder 7, and as the valve lift range is increased, the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 guides the tumble to turn, and the attenuation of the tumble in the intake stroke is reduced.

During the compression stroke, the piston 6 moves upwards, and because the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 and the intake valve avoiding pit 22 of the piston crown surface 2 are both lower than the top plane 23 of the piston crown surface 2 (namely, no bulge is arranged on the piston crown surface 2), the attenuation of the in-cylinder tumble flow during the compression stroke can be reduced, because the depth of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 is gradually increased from one side close to the intake valve avoiding pit 22 to one side far away from the intake valve avoiding pit 22, the bottom surface of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 is an inclined surface (the horseshoe-shaped pit 21 has an inclination angle b towards the exhaust side), the horseshoe-shaped pit moves towards the tumble center O towards the exhaust side, and when the compression is finished, the in-cylinder tumble center O is just coincided with the electrode center of the spark plug 4. Because the speed of the tumble center O is 0, the influence of airflow in the cylinder on the spark arc of the spark plug 4 ignition electrode can be avoided to the greatest extent, and the ignition stability is ensured. Meanwhile, because the tumble center O is superposed with the electrode of the spark plug 4, the tumble in the cylinder is improved, the tumble center O at the end of compression is in an ideal position, the flow field distribution near the electrode of the spark plug 4 is more uniform, the combustion speed can be improved, the speed of flame diffusion to the periphery is basically consistent (the flame diffusion is uniform), and the detonation tendency is reduced. Through experimental verification, the combustion chamber of the engine has high combustion speed and combustion stability, and the fuel consumption can be reduced while the dynamic property of the engine is improved.

In addition, the piston crown surface 2 is not provided with bulges, the horseshoe-shaped pits 21 are regular in structure, and the piston crown surface 2 can be formed by full machining, so that the precision of the piston crown surface 2 is ensured, and the trial-manufacturing progress of the compression ratio of the engine can be improved. And the compression ratio of the engine can be adjusted by adjusting the machining depth of the horseshoe-shaped pit 21, so that different performance performances of the engine can be realized.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a piston, its characterized in that is in including setting up the piston crown surface at the top of piston, be provided with top plane, shape of a hoof pit and intake valve on the piston crown surface and dodge the hole, shape of a hoof pit and intake valve dodge the hole and all be less than the top plane, shape of a hoof pit is by being close to one side direction that the pit was dodged to the intake valve is kept away from one side degree of depth that the pit was dodged to the intake valve increases gradually, shape of a hoof pit's bottom surface is the inclined plane.

2. The piston of claim 1, wherein a side of the horseshoe-shaped pit close to the intake valve avoiding pit is a straight edge, a side of the horseshoe-shaped pit far away from the intake valve avoiding pit is an arc edge larger than a semicircle, and a length of the straight edge is smaller than a diameter of the horseshoe-shaped pit.

3. The piston of claim 1 wherein said horseshoe shaped depression has a bottom surface at an angle of 3.5-5.5 ° to said top surface, and wherein said horseshoe shaped depression has a radius of 31-35 mm.

4. An engine, characterized by comprising a cylinder body, a cylinder cover, an inlet valve, a spark plug, an exhaust valve and the piston of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the piston is arranged in a cylinder of the cylinder body, the spark plug, the inlet valve and the exhaust valve are arranged on the cylinder cover, and an inner cavity formed by the cylinder cover, a piston crown surface and a cylinder wall in a surrounding way is a combustion chamber;

5. The engine of claim 4, characterized in that the inlet valves are provided in two, the inlet valves being angled 17-19 ° from vertical;

6. The engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the cylinder head is provided with an exhaust side top surface, an intake side top surface and a spark plug mounting surface, wherein the exhaust side top surface forms an angle of 16-18 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the intake side top surface forms an angle of 18 degrees with the horizontal plane;

7. The engine according to claim 6, wherein two combustion chamber height detection surfaces are provided on the cylinder head so as to be symmetrical with respect to the spark plug mounting surface, the combustion chamber height detection surfaces being circular planes parallel to a horizontal plane, the circular planes having a diameter of 4 mm.

8. The engine according to claim 4, characterized in that an injector mounting surface for mounting an injector is provided on the cylinder head, the injector mounting surface is disposed close to the intake valve, and an angle between the injector mounting surface and a vertical direction surface is 67 °.

9. The engine according to claim 4, characterized in that an intake valve shielding surface surrounding the intake valve is provided on the cylinder head;

10. The engine of claim 4, characterized in that the spark plug is arranged obliquely, and the axial direction of the spark plug is at an angle of 5-7 ° to the vertical direction;