CN214898511U

CN214898511U - Current collector composite structure layer of reaction cavity of lithium slurry battery

Info

Publication number: CN214898511U
Application number: CN202120966087.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭亚伟; 巫湘坤; 薛兵; 张兰; 张锁江
Original assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Priority date: 2021-05-08
Filing date: 2021-05-08
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-08

Abstract

The utility model provides a lithium thick liquids battery reaction chamber mass flow body composite construction layer, it includes positive pole layer, negative pole layer and division board between them. The positive electrode structure layer or the negative electrode structure layer is formed by tightly contacting a current collector substrate, a conductive tentacle vertically triggered on the substrate and an insulating support plate positioned at the top end of the conductive tentacle. The conductive tentacles are vertically arranged between the current collector and the insulating support plate, and are beneficial to the conduction of electrons in the vertical direction. The insulating support plate can play a role in supporting and fixing the conductive tentacles, and can reduce the extrusion of slurry on the isolating plate in the flowing process, thereby improving the safety performance; the corresponding through hole structure on the supporting plate is beneficial to lithium ion transmission, and the internal resistance of the battery is reduced.

Description

Current collector composite structure layer of reaction cavity of lithium slurry battery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery field especially relates to a lithium ion thick liquids battery reactor.

Background

The lithium ion battery has the advantages of large energy density, long cycle life, environmental friendliness and the like, is applied to electronic products such as mobile phones, computers, watches and the like, and is gradually applied to the field of electric automobiles and the field of large-scale energy storage. But the electrode preparation flow is complex and the process requirement is high. The lithium slurry battery is a newly developed electrochemical energy storage technology, integrates the advantages of a lithium ion battery and a traditional flow battery, has the advantages of high energy density, low cost, independent power density and energy density and the like, and has a very wide application prospect in the fields of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, uninterruptible power supplies, military power supplies and the like.

The lithium slurry battery forms a reaction cavity by a gap between a positive current collector and a negative current collector and a separation plate. When the reaction chamber thickness is small, the current density of the reaction is reduced, the power of the battery is reduced, and clogging may occur during the slurry flow. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the reaction chamber gap, but this increases the electron and ion transport paths in the slurry, which increases the internal resistance of the cell and reduces the energy efficiency of the cell. However, when the electrode adopts a three-dimensional current collector or the cavity is filled with carbon cloth, carbon felt and the like, active materials in slurry can be intercepted in the flowing process, and the separation of electrolyte and active substances can be caused.

CN105098218B discloses a cable diversion type lithium ion flow battery reactor, which includes an anode reaction chamber, a cathode reaction chamber, a sandwich composite structure layer, a plurality of anode diversion cables and a plurality of cathode diversion cables, wherein the sandwich composite structure layer is formed by placing a porous anode current collecting layer and a porous cathode current collecting layer on two sides of a separator respectively and in close contact with the separator, and the diversion cables are laid in parallel along the direction of a suspension passage. The reactor structure can play a role in guiding the suspension flowing in the electrode and simultaneously play a role in supporting the sandwich composite structure layer of the battery. However, the parallel arrangement of the flow guide cables in the reactor does not improve the electron conduction performance in the depth direction of the reaction chamber.

Therefore, the reaction chamber needs to be designed, which not only can ensure the electron transmission of the slurry in the chamber, but also does not destroy the flow of the slurry and the uniformity of the electrochemical reaction.

Disclosure of Invention

To the problem that exists above, the utility model provides a lithium thick liquids battery reaction chamber mass flow body composite construction layer, this composite construction layer outwards stretch out electrically conductive palpus at the basement of the anodal mass flow body, the negative pole mass flow body or both, and simultaneously, electrically conductive palpus top adopts insulating backup pad fixed, prevents to flow the in-process electrically conductive palpus and takes place askewly and roll over. The conductive whiskers can provide a continuous electron transmission path in the cavity, and meanwhile, the fluidity of the slurry is not affected.

The utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:

the utility model provides a lithium thick liquids battery reaction chamber mass flow body composite construction layer constitutes including the anodal or negative pole mass flow body that have electrically conductive tentacle and the insulating backup pad in close contact with that is located the tentacle top and constitutes. The conductive tentacles are vertically arranged between the current collector and the insulating support plate, and a space for slurry to flow is provided between the support plate and the current collector, so that the conduction of electrons in the vertical direction is facilitated. The conductive whiskers are located in one or more of the following positions: between the positive current collector and the insulating support plate, and between the negative current collector and the insulating support plate. The conductive tentacles can transmit electrons in the vertical direction, and the electron transmission path in the slurry is shortened, so that the thickness of the reaction cavity is increased. The insulating support plate can play a role in supporting and fixing the conductive tentacles, and can simultaneously cope with the extrusion of slurry on the isolating plate in the flowing process, so that the safety performance is improved; the corresponding through hole structure on the supporting plate is beneficial to lithium ion transmission, and the internal resistance of the battery is reduced.

Other features and aspects of the present invention are set forth in more detail below.

The current collector substrate may be a solid structure, a hollow structure, or a clad structure. The positive current collector is any one of stainless steel, nickel or aluminum plate or alloy corresponding to the stainless steel, nickel or aluminum plate, and the thickness of the positive current collector substrate is 0.01 mm-50 mm. The negative current collector is any one of stainless steel, nickel or copper plate or alloy corresponding to the negative current collector, and the thickness of the positive current collector substrate is 0.01 mm-50 mm.

The conductive tentacles can be in a solid structure, a hollow structure or a coating structure, and can be formed by the same material or different materials. The conductive whisker material can be, but is not limited to, copper, aluminum, nickel, stainless steel, silver, gold, conductive polymer. The diameter of the conductive tentacle can be 0-5 mm, the length is 0-5 mm, and the distance between two adjacent conductive tentacles is 0.01-10 mm. The conductive whiskers are contacted with the current collector substrate through one or more of integral molding, welding and bonding.

The insulating support plate is made of any one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, methyl polyacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile and polyamide. Furthermore, the insulating support plate is made of rigid materials, can play a supporting role on the conductive tentacles, and can simultaneously deal with the extrusion of the slurry on the isolating plate in the flowing process. The insulating support plate is a 0.01 mm-10 mm porous plate or a network structure woven by insulating materials, wherein the structure of the holes can be rhombic, square, trapezoidal, circular or polygonal and the like. The mesh size is 0.01 mm-10 mm, the laying distance is 0.01 mm-10 mm, and the porosity is more than or equal to 10%.

The isolation plate is made of any one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, glass fiber and ceramic fiber, and the porosity is 20-60%.

The conductive tentacles may be fixed to the insulating support plate by gluing or winding and applying a pulling force through the insulating support plate.

The current collector is positioned in the reaction cavity, and the conductive part of the current collector is not in direct contact with the isolation plate.

The utility model discloses a technical advantage embodies:

1. the conductive tentacles on the metal current collector can increase the thickness of the reaction cavity in the reactor at will, and can still maintain excellent electronic conductivity.

2. The arrangement of the insulating support plate in the reaction cavity can support the isolation plate, and the pressure and deformation of slurry on the isolation plate in the flowing process are reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram (left) of a positive current collector and a schematic diagram (right) of a positive composite structure layer of a reaction chamber of a lithium slurry battery according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a current collector composite structure layer of a lithium slurry battery reaction chamber according to the present invention, 1-a positive current collector substrate; 2. a negative current collector substrate; 3. a separator plate; 4. a conductive whisker; 5. an insulating support plate;

Detailed Description

To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention has the following embodiments. It should be clear to a person skilled in the art that the described embodiments are only intended to aid the understanding of the present invention and should not be seen as a specific limitation of the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the positive electrode current collector of the lithium slurry battery reaction cavity includes a current collector substrate and conductive whiskers led out from the substrate, wherein the conductive whiskers are led out from the current collector substrate and vertically arranged on the current collector substrate in a welding manner.

A cross-sectional structure of a current collector composite structure layer of a reaction cavity of a lithium slurry battery is shown in figure 1 and specifically comprises a positive current collector substrate 1, a negative current collector substrate 2, an isolating plate 3, a conductive tentacle 4 and an insulating support plate 5. The conductive tentacles 4 are vertically led out from the positive current collector substrate 1 and the negative current collector substrate 2 and are in direct contact with the current collector substrates through welding. The insulating support plate 5 is arranged at the top end of the conductive tentacle, the conductive tentacle is fixed on the insulating support plate through bonding, and a main passage for slurry flowing is formed between the insulating support plate and the current collector substrate; the partition plates 3 are positioned between the insulating support plates, so that the serious deformation of the partition plates and the resulting breakage occurring during the flow of the slurry can be prevented.

The positive current collector substrate 1 is an aluminum plate with the thickness of 1mm and the length and width of 100mm multiplied by 30mm, and the size of a tab is 25mm multiplied by 10 mm. The conductive tentacles on the substrate are of solid structures, flexible metal wires with the diameter of 200 microns and the length of 2mm, the flexible metal wires are vertically led out from the substrate, the laying interval is 1mm, the materials are the same as those of the current collector substrate, the insulating support plate is a porous polytetrafluoroethylene plate with the thickness of 0.5mm and the length and width of 100mm multiplied by 30mm, the pore diameter is of a circular structure, the diameter is 0.1mm, the laying interval is 0.1mm, and the conductive tentacles are vertically bonded to the rest part of the insulating support plate.

The thickness of the negative current collector substrate 2 is 1mm, the length and width of the copper plate is 100mm multiplied by 30mm, and the tab size is 25mm multiplied by 10 mm. The conducting tentacles on the substrate are of solid structures, the diameter of each conducting tentacle is 0.2mm, the length of each conducting tentacle is 2mm, the conducting tentacles are vertically led out from the substrate, the materials of the conducting tentacles are the same as those of the current collector substrate, the insulating support plate is made of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene plate with the thickness of 0.5mm and the length and width of 100mm multiplied by 30mm, circular through holes with the diameter of 0.1mm are laid at the interval of 1mm, and the conducting tentacles are vertically bonded to the non-hole structure part of the insulating support plate.

The separator 3 was a polypropylene separator having a length and width of 120mm × 50mm and a thickness of 0.05mm, and had a porosity of 56%.

Example 2

The difference from example 1 is that the positive electrode current collector substrate is an aluminum plate having a thickness of 30mm and a length and width of 80mm × 50 mm. The diameter of the conductive tentacle is 2mm, the length of the conductive tentacle is 2mm, the conductive tentacle and the current collector substrate are integrally formed and are arranged on the current collector substrate at intervals of 3 mm. The thickness of the negative current collector substrate is 30mm, and the length and the width of the negative current collector substrate are 80mm multiplied by 50 mm. The conductive tentacles are 2mm in diameter, 2mm in length and 3mm in interval and are arranged on the current collector substrate, and the conductive tentacles and the current collector substrate are integrally formed. The insulating support plate is made of polymethyl methacrylate material with the thickness of 2mm and the length and width of 80mm multiplied by 50mm, and hexagonal through holes with the interval of 2mm and the side length of 1mm are distributed in the middle. The conductive tentacles are fixed on the insulating support plate by hot pressing. The isolating plate adopts glass fiber with the thickness of 1mm and the length and width of 100mm multiplied by 70mm, and the porosity is 37 percent.

Example 3

The difference from example 1 is that the positive electrode current collector substrate is a stainless steel plate, and is externally coated with conductive carbon, and the thickness is 5mm, and the length and width are 120mm × 50 mm. The conductive tentacles are metal nickel strips with the diameter of 5mm and the length of 5mm, the metal nickel strips are arranged on the current collector substrate at intervals of 5mm, and the bottom ends of the conductive tentacles are bonded with the current collector substrate by using an adhesive. The negative current collector substrate is a stainless steel plate, conductive carbon is coated outside the stainless steel plate, the thickness of the stainless steel plate is 30mm, and the length and the width of the stainless steel plate are 120mm multiplied by 50 mm. The conductive tentacles are metal nickel strips with the diameter of 5mm and the length of 4mm, the conductive tentacles are distributed on the current collector substrate at intervals of 3mm, and the bottom ends of the conductive tentacles are bonded with the current collector substrate by adopting a binder. The insulating support plate is made of polymethyl methacrylate material with the thickness of 2mm and the length and width of 120mm multiplied by 50mm, and rhombic through holes with the interval of 2mm and the side length of 1mm are distributed in the middle. The separator was a NASICON ceramic membrane with a thickness of 1mm and a length and width of 140mm x 70mm and a porosity of 53%.

The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed component structure and size, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed component structure and geometric size to implement. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, to equivalent replacements, modifications, selection of specific modes, etc., of the various components of the product of the present invention, all fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A current collector composite structure layer of a lithium slurry battery reaction cavity is characterized by comprising a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer and an isolation plate between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer; the anode layer or the cathode layer is composed of a current collector substrate, a conductive tentacle vertically caused on the substrate and an insulating support plate positioned at the top end of the conductive tentacle.

2. The current collector composite structure layer of the reaction cavity of the lithium slurry battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current collector substrate can be a solid structure or a coated structure; the positive current collector substrate is any one of stainless steel, nickel or aluminum plate or alloy corresponding to the stainless steel, nickel or aluminum plate, and the thickness of the positive current collector substrate is 0.1-50 mm; the negative current collector substrate is any one of stainless steel, nickel or copper plate or alloy corresponding to the stainless steel, nickel or copper plate, and the thickness of the negative current collector substrate is 0.1 mm-50 mm.

3. The current collector composite structure layer of a reaction cavity of a lithium slurry battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conductive tentacles are solid, hollow or coated structures, and are formed of the same material or different materials; the conductive whisker is made of any one of copper, aluminum, nickel, stainless steel, silver, gold and conductive polymer; the diameter of each conductive tentacle is 0.01-5 mm, the length of each conductive tentacle is 0.01-5 mm, and the distance between every two adjacent conductive tentacles is 0.01-10 mm; the conductive whiskers are contacted with the current collector substrate through one or more of integral molding, welding and bonding.

4. The current collector composite structure layer of a lithium slurry battery reaction cavity according to claim 1, wherein the insulating support plate is made of an inorganic or organic insulating material resistant to voltage and electrolyte corrosion, and the material of the support plate comprises any one of ceramic, metal oxide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl acrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile and polyamide; furthermore, the insulating support plate is made of rigid materials, can support the conductive tentacles, and can weaken extrusion of slurry on the isolating plate in the flowing process; the insulating support plate is a 0.1-10 mm porous plate or a network structure woven by insulating materials, wherein the structure of the hole can be one or more of a triangle, a diamond, a square, a trapezoid, a circle and any polygon; the mesh size is 0.01 mm-10 mm, the laying distance is 0.1 mm-10 mm, and the porosity is more than or equal to 10%.

5. The current collector composite structure layer of the reaction cavity of the lithium slurry battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separator is made of any one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, glass fiber and ceramic fiber, and the porosity is 20-60%.

6. The current collector composite structure layer of a reaction cavity of a lithium slurry battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top end of the conductive tentacle is supported and fixed on the insulating support plate, wherein the conductive tentacle vertically passes through the support plate and is directly screwed or welded; alternatively, the conductive whiskers are bonded or thermocompressed to the insulating support plate.