CN214894390U - Soil sample preparation all-in-one - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of soil sample preparation, in particular to a soil sample preparation all-in-one machine, which comprises an instrument frame, a sample introduction system and a sieving and collecting system; the sampling system is arranged on the outer side of a vertical track of the instrument frame, and the sieving and collecting system is arranged on the inner side of the vertical track of the instrument frame; sampling system is located the collection system oblique top that sieves, and sampling system's discharge gate is located the collection system that sieves, instrument frame's perpendicular track inboard still is equipped with and is arranged in carrying out broken, the size classification and the broken system that sieves to the collection system that sieves the sample. The utility model discloses have that soil sample is broken, the granularity is hierarchical, sieve and waste discharge and carry out simultaneously and the function that circulates is reciprocal in injecing sealed area, realized broken and sieve and go on in step, do benefit to green production, improved the work efficiency, reduced manufacturing cost, still have the function of preventing stifled anti-sticking and stopping, realize the automatic operation of soil sample preparation.

Description

Soil sample preparation all-in-one

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a soil sample preparation technical field specifically relates to a soil sample preparation all-in-one.

Background

When the geochemistry general survey, the land quality geochemistry evaluation, the soil pollution condition detailed survey, the soil pollution condition survey and the like are carried out in a state soil resource system, an agricultural system, an ecological environment-friendly system and a forestry system, a proper amount of soil samples are required to be collected for analysis and test. According to industry standard specifications such as general survey specifications of geochemistry (1:50000) (DZ/T0011-2015), geochemistry evaluation specifications of land quality (DZ/T0295-2016), geochemistry survey specifications of multiple target areas (DZ/T0258-2014), soil sample collection, circulation preparation and preservation technical regulations of agricultural land and the like, the general requirements are as follows: collecting 300g-2000g soil samples according to the standard at each sampling point, making sampling records, filling the samples into white cotton bags, and airing the white cotton bags in a clean and tidy ventilation field in time or hanging the white cotton bags on a sample airing rack for natural airing in a shady and cool place. And spreading the air-dried soil sample on a preparation plate, rolling by an operator with a wooden stick or a plastic stick or breaking by a wooden hammer, and removing plant residues, stones and other invaders and neoplasms. And pouring the crushed soil sample into a nylon sieve with a specified aperture, repeatedly shaking the two handheld sieves by an operator to sieve all the soil sample through sieve pores with specified particle sizes, weighing and uniformly mixing the soil sample after sieving, and performing subpackage, inspection and storage.

At present, the preparation of soil samples usually adopts manual operation, and the following problems and disadvantages exist in the operation process:

1. the whole sample treatment process is completely manually operated, two procedures of crushing and sieving are carried out step by step, the labor intensity is high, and the production efficiency is low. Especially for clay samples, because of high hardness after agglomeration, an operator needs to roll with a wooden stick or a plastic stick for multiple times or break with a wooden hammer, and the operator is easy to fatigue by both hands after a long working hour, so that the production efficiency is reduced;

2. the labor cost is high, and because the production efficiency of manual treatment is low and the working hours are more, the labor cost is increased and the economic benefit is reduced under the social and economic environment that the manual wages are increased year by year at present;

3. different operators have different sieving methods and actions, and risks influencing subsequent sample preparation and analysis and test quality are hidden;

4. the quality of the sieves of different manufacturers is different, and the sieve wires of the sieves are easy to deform in use to change the aperture, so that the granularity of the samples after primary processing cannot be completely consistent;

5. in the preliminary processing, the crushing and the preparation of the soil sample, the dust is easy to fly due to repeated rolling, beating and sieving of the soil sample, the opportunity that operators suck the dust is increased, and the risk that the health of the operators is influenced is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, propose and design a soil sample preparation all-in-one, have that soil sample is broken, the granularity is hierarchical and sieve and go on simultaneously and the reciprocal function of circulation in injecing sealed area, realized broken and sieve and go on in step, do benefit to green production, improved the efficiency, reduced manufacturing cost, still have the function of preventing stifled anti-sticking and stopping, realize the automatic operation of soil sample preparation.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:

a soil sample preparation all-in-one machine comprises an instrument frame, a sample introduction system and a sieving and collecting system; the sampling system is arranged on the outer side of a vertical track of the instrument frame, and the sieving and collecting system is arranged on the inner side of the vertical track of the instrument frame; sampling system is located the collection system oblique top that sieves, and sampling system's discharge gate is located the collection system that sieves, instrument frame's perpendicular track inboard still is equipped with and is arranged in carrying out broken, the size classification and the broken system that sieves to the collection system that sieves the sample. And the soil sample enters a crushing system through a sample introduction system, and is finally collected in a sample receiving container through repeated circulating crushing, granularity grading, rolling and sieving.

Further, the sieving and collecting system comprises a sieving and collecting platform, a turntable bearing, a sample turntable and a turntable bottom plate; the sieving and collecting platform is fixedly and horizontally arranged on the instrument frame, the middle part of the sieving and collecting platform is relatively and rotatably connected with a turntable bearing, and the sample turntable is fixedly arranged on the turntable bearing; the bottom of the sample turntable is fixedly connected with a turntable bottom plate. The sample carousel is rotatable relative to the collection platform that sieves.

Further, the carousel bottom plate divide into two districts, and carousel bottom plate outer lane portion is broken district, and carousel bottom plate inner lane portion is the district of crossing the sieve, it has the sieve mesh to open on the carousel bottom plate in sieve district for sieve soil sample.

Furthermore, the crushing system comprises a crushing and grading platform, a crusher, a primary size fraction sample separating brush, a rolling roller, a secondary size fraction sample separating brush and a sample guiding brush, wherein the crusher, the primary size fraction sample separating brush, the rolling roller, the secondary size fraction sample separating brush and the sample guiding brush are all arranged on the lower surface of the crushing and grading platform; the crushing and grading platform is arranged in a vertical track of the instrument frame and is positioned above the sieving and collecting platform; the primary particle size grading brush is positioned at the rear part of the operation direction of the crusher and is obliquely and horizontally placed from the circle center of the sample turntable to the edge of the sample turntable, and the flow guide direction of the soil sample obliquely flows from the circle center of the sample turntable to the outer edge; the rolling roller is positioned at the rear part of the operation direction of the primary size fraction sample separation brush; the secondary particle size grading brush is positioned at the rear part of the running direction of the rolling roller and is obliquely and horizontally placed from the circle center of the sample turntable to the edge of the sample turntable, and the flow guide direction of the soil sample obliquely flows from the circle center of the sample turntable to the outer edge; the gap between the bottom of the primary grade sample separating brush and the bottom plate of the rotary table is larger than the gap between the bottom of the secondary grade sample separating brush and the bottom plate of the rotary table; the sample guide brush is positioned at the rear part of the operation direction of the secondary grade sample separation brush and is obliquely and horizontally arranged from the edge of the sample turntable to the circle center of the sample turntable, and the soil sample flow guide direction flows from the outer edge of the sample turntable to the circle center; the knapper, one end of the primary grade sample separating brush, the rolling wheel, one end of the secondary grade sample separating brush and one end of the sample guiding brush are all located in a crushing area, so that soil sample crushing, rolling and granularity grading are completed in the crushing area. When the device works, after a soil sample is crushed for the first time by the crusher, the sample with relatively small particle size passes through the lower part of the primary particle size grading brush, the soil sample with relatively large particle size is obliquely separated to the edge of the sample turntable by the primary particle size grading brush, and the soil sample continues to enter the next sample crushing period for crushing; rolling and crushing the soil sample passing through the lower part of the primary size grading brush by a rolling roller; after the soil sample is rolled and crushed by the rolling roller, the sample with relatively small particle size passes through the lower part of the secondary particle size grading brush, the sample with relatively large particle size is obliquely separated to the edge of the sample turntable by the secondary particle size grading brush, and the sample continues to enter the next sample crushing period for crushing; the soil sample passing through the lower part of the second grade size grading brush is swept from the crushing area to the sieving area by the sample guide brush and is made to fall through sieve holes of the sieve plate by means of the rotation of the bottom plate of the rotary table, so that the actions of crushing, size grading and sieving are completed.

Further, broken system is still including the extrusion guide plate, the extrusion guide plate sets up between second grade size fraction branch appearance brush and the guide appearance brush, extrusion guide plate one end all is located broken district, from sample carousel heart to sample carousel edge slant level place, and its effect will be through the sample that the particle diameter of second grade size fraction branch appearance brush is great relatively extrude breakage and water conservancy diversion sample, ensures that the soil sample particle diameter that gets into the district of sieving is for setting for numerical value.

Furthermore, the gap between the bottom of the primary size fraction sample separation brush and the bottom plate of the rotating disc is 5-10mm, so that a sample with the particle size smaller than the gap passes through the lower part of the primary size fraction sample separation brush, and a soil sample with the particle size larger than the gap is obliquely separated to the edge of the sample rotating disc by the primary size fraction sample separation brush. The gap between the bottom of the second grade size fraction sample separation brush and the bottom plate of the rotating disc is 1-3mm, so that a sample with the particle size smaller than the gap passes through the lower part of the second grade size fraction sample separation brush, and the sample with the particle size larger than the gap is obliquely separated to the edge of the sample rotating disc by the second grade size fraction sample separation brush.

Further, the crusher comprises a crushing pressure head, a connecting rod and a reciprocating motor; the reciprocating motor is arranged on the crushing and grading platform, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the reciprocating rod of the reciprocating motor, and the other end of the connecting rod vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform to be connected with the crushing pressure head; the crushing pressure head is square, and the width of the crushing pressure head is the same as that of the crushing area of the sample turntable. During operation, the reciprocating motor drives the crushing pressure head to reciprocate up and down to extrude and crush the soil sample placed on the turntable base plate.

Further, the rolling roller comprises a roller, a roller bracket, a bracket positioning column and a bracket spring; the end parts of the roller wheel brackets are arranged at the two ends of the section of the roller wheel shaft and used for supporting and installing the roller wheels; the support positioning column is vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the roller support, and the upper section of the support positioning column is inserted into a limiting hole vertically formed in the crushing and grading platform and used for limiting the roller in the horizontal direction; in the vertical direction, the support positioning column can move up and down in the limiting hole; the support spring is sleeved on the support positioning column. When the device works, the support spring is compressed and fixed between the roller support and the crushing and grading platform, the rolling roller makes the roller contact with the rotating turntable bottom plate by virtue of the elasticity of the support spring to drive the roller to roll, and the soil sample subjected to primary particle size grading by the primary particle size grading brush is rolled and crushed; the support spring has the function of generating elasticity through compression deformation, so that the roller can flexibly roll soil samples with different particle sizes, the roller is prevented from being stuck, and meanwhile, the rolling pressure is increased through the elasticity, and the work efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, edge gaps which are not smaller than 2cm are reserved between the crusher and the inner wall of the sample turntable at the ends, close to the inner wall of the sample turntable, of the primary particle size fraction brush, the rolling roller and the secondary particle size fraction brush, so that soil samples which cannot be crushed and impurities can circulate from the edge gaps, the work efficiency is improved, and the sample turntable is prevented from being blocked.

Furthermore, the sample feeding system comprises a sample feeding hopper, a sample feeding sieve plate and a sample feeding sieve pore; the sample feeding hopper is arranged on the outer side of a vertical track of the instrument frame, the upper part of the sample feeding hopper is a square opening, the lower part of the sample feeding hopper is an inclined plane contraction flat square opening, and the inclined plane inclines towards the sample turntable and extends into the sample turntable; the sample feeding sieve plate is horizontally or obliquely arranged at the bottom of the sample feeding hopper; the sample feeding sieve plate is provided with a sample feeding sieve pore, and the sample feeding sieve plate and the sample feeding sieve pore have the following functions: firstly, the soil samples entering the crushing and grading system are subjected to granularity limiting screening, so that the soil samples with the granularity exceeding the set granularity are prevented from entering a sample turntable and damaging the crushing and grading system; and secondly, the speed of the soil sample entering the sample turntable is adjusted, the soil sample enters the sample turntable at a constant speed as much as possible, and the situation that the sample turntable is blocked due to the fact that the soil sample simultaneously enters the sample turntable during working is prevented.

Furthermore, the sampling sieve pore is composed of sampling sieve pores with different pore diameters, preferably, and when the sampling sieve plate is installed in an inclined mode, the sampling sieve pores are sequentially arranged in an increasing mode from top to bottom in the pore diameter mode, and soil falling is facilitated.

Furthermore, vibrating motor is installed to advance kind fill lower part inclined plane outer wall, and the during operation vibrates according to setting for amplitude and intensity, prevents that soil sample from being detained on advancing kind sieve and advance kind fill bottom inclined plane, plays to accelerate to advance kind and improves the work efficiency effect.

Furthermore, the one side that the flat square mouth of sampling hopper inclined plane shrink is close to instrument frame is equipped with the baffle, makes soil sample only can fall to the broken district of carousel bottom plate, prevents directly to get into broken district, the soil of being convenient for is broken.

Furthermore, the sieving and collecting system also comprises a main rotating motor, a coupling, a connecting shaft, a conical funnel and a sample receiving container; the main rotating motor is vertically and inversely arranged right above the crushing and grading platform and is rigidly connected with the instrument frame, and the main rotating motor is connected with the connecting shaft through a coupler; the connecting shaft vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform and is connected with the inner circle center of the turntable bottom plate; the upper part of the conical funnel is hermetically connected with the bottom of the sieving and collecting platform, and the circular shrinkage bell mouth at the lower part of the conical funnel is just opposite to the sample receiving port of the sample receiving container. The cone funnel is used to collect soil samples that fall through the screen in the crushing zone.

Furthermore, the sample turntable is cylindrical in shape, the depth of the sample turntable is 5-15cm, the inner diameter of the sample turntable is 46-50cm, and the wall thickness of the sample turntable is 5-15 mm.

Further, the soil sample preparation all-in-one machine also comprises a waste discharge purging system; the waste discharge purging system comprises a waste discharge electric lifting platform, a waste discharge pipe, a waste sample scraping brush and a dust collector; the waste discharge electric lifting platform is vertically arranged on the crushing and grading platform, the waste discharge pipe and the waste sample scraping brush are jointly arranged on a moving part of the waste discharge electric lifting platform, one end of a dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform downwards, and the other end of the dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe is communicated with a dust suction barrel of a dust collector; the useless appearance is scraped and is brushed rotation direction the place ahead that is located waste discharge pipe dust absorption mouth, places to sample carousel edge slant level from sample carousel heart, and the water conservancy diversion direction is from sample carousel heart to waste discharge pipe dust absorption mouth direction flow, and the effect is: and scraping and collecting sample impurities which cannot be crushed and sieved in the sample turntable and have the particle size of more than 2cm to a dust suction port of a waste discharge pipe, and sucking the sample impurities to a dust suction barrel of a dust collector by virtue of air negative pressure. When the automatic waste discharging device works, the moving part of the waste discharging electric lifting platform drives the waste discharging pipe and the waste sample scraping brush to descend together, the distance between the dust suction opening of the waste discharging pipe and the bottom plate of the rotary table is within the range of 5-20mm, and the waste sample scraping brush stops when being in flexible contact with the bottom plate of the rotary table. After the waste discharge and the blowing and dust collection are finished, the moving part of the waste discharge electric lifting platform drives the waste discharge pipe and the waste sample scraping brush to ascend to the original position together.

Furthermore, the waste discharge purging system also comprises an air compressor, a purging pipe I and a purging pipe II; the air inlets of the first blowing pipe and the second blowing pipe are both connected with an air compressor, and the air outlet of the first blowing pipe is arranged in the sample turntable; and the second air outlet of the purging pipe is arranged in the conical funnel. When the device works, the air compressor is used for providing high-pressure gas, and the conical funnel is blown through the blowing pipe I, the crusher, the primary particle size grading brush, the rolling roller, the secondary particle size grading brush, the sample guide brush, the extrusion guide plate and the sample turntable; the first purging pipe and the second purging pipe are used for eliminating mutual pollution among different soil samples.

Further, the crushing and grading platform can move up and down along a vertical rail of the instrument frame; the soil sample preparation all-in-one machine further comprises an anti-blocking and anti-jamming system, and the anti-blocking and anti-jamming system comprises an anti-blocking system and an anti-jamming system.

Further, the anti-blocking system comprises an electromagnetic valve, an anti-blocking air pipe and an anti-blocking air pipe spray head; the inlet of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with an air compressor exhaust pipe, and the outlet of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with an anti-blocking air pipe; prevent stifled trachea intercommunication and prevent stifled trachea shower nozzle, prevent stifled trachea shower nozzle and install perpendicularly in sieve mesh below, prevent stifled trachea shower nozzle's gas outlet up just to the sieve mesh. The anti-blocking system has the following functions: through intermittent type release high-pressure gas, the blowback sieve mesh blows out the sieve mesh to the soil sample granule of card in the sieve mesh, prevents that the sieve mesh from blockking up and influencing next soil sample breakage.

Furthermore, the anti-jamming system comprises an anti-jamming power-off movable lifting table, a Hall sensor and a permanent magnet; the bottom of the anti-jamming electric lifting platform is rigidly arranged on the crushing and grading platform, and the upper part of the anti-jamming electric lifting platform is rigidly connected with an instrument frame to play a role in fixing and limiting the crushing and grading platform; the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer wall of the sample turntable, the Hall sensor is arranged on the instrument frame, and the permanent magnet and the Hall sensor are on the same horizontal line. When the device works, the detection surface of the Hall sensor is over against the permanent magnet; when impurities in the soil sample block the sample turntable, the Hall sensor feeds back a signal to the electrical control box, the anti-blocking power is started to stop the lifting platform to work, the crushing and grading platform is driven to integrally lift, and blocking and stopping resistance is released, so that a main rotating motor and other electrical elements are protected; after the main rotating motor rotates again, the anti-jamming power cut-off lifting platform automatically returns to the original position according to the set time interval.

Furthermore, the soil sample preparation all-in-one machine also comprises a control system, wherein the control system comprises an electrical control box for installing various electrical components and a touch screen for electrically connecting the electrical components; the touch screen is arranged above the instrument frame, the touch screen is electrically connected with electric elements such as a vibration motor, a reciprocating motor, a main rotating motor, a waste discharge electric lifting table, a dust collector, an air compressor, an electromagnetic valve, an anti-blocking power failure electric lifting table, a Hall sensor and the like, technical parameters are modified through the touch screen, and all the electric elements are switched on and off according to a set program during working.

Furthermore, the soil sample preparation all-in-one machine also comprises a sealing cover (not shown in the figure) arranged on the instrument frame, and the sealing cover is preferably a transparent sealing cover and is convenient to observe; the crushing system and the sieving and collecting system are both positioned in the sealing cover.

The technical effects of the utility model:

compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a soil sample preparation all-in-one through knapper, primary grade branch appearance brush, rolling gyro wheel, secondary grade branch appearance brush, lead appearance brush and extrusion guide plate different distributions and action coordination on the spatial position, with the help of the sample carousel rotation, realized soil sample crushing, particle size classification and sieve and go on and circulate and reciprocate simultaneously in the confined seal area, realized crushing, sieve and go on in step, reduced the process, avoided the dust excessive; the utility model uses the integrated machine, so that the preliminary crushing process of the sample tends to be consistent, the precision of the preliminary processing of the sample is improved, and the preparation quality of the subsequent sample is improved; the sieve holes of the integrated machine are arranged on the sieve plate, the shape of the sieve holes is difficult to deform, and compared with the sieve wires of the common sleeve sieve which are easy to deform and cause the diameter of the sieve holes to be easy to change, the utility model solves the problem that the granularity of the sample after sieving can not be completely consistent; the utility model completes the actions of waste discharge and dust collection and cleaning by means of the dust collector and the high-pressure gas purging, avoids the mutual pollution of soil samples and is beneficial to the health of operators; the whole machine of the instrument runs automatically, manual work is replaced, the work efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the sample processing quality can meet the technical requirements of the industry, the whole machine process is simple and practical, the price is low, the popularization and the use are convenient, and the applicability and the practicability are high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention (including a sample introduction system and a sample turntable);

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the main structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention (without a sample introduction system and a sample turntable);

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a sample injection system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a crusher in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the direction a-a of fig. 1 according to the present invention, in which fig. 5 only shows the sample turntable and the inner range of the sample turntable, and fig. 5 does not show the sieve holes of the sieve plate for clarity of the structure;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rolling roller according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a part of a sieving and collecting system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample injection system in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Wherein, the sample introduction system 1, the instrument frame 2, the sample introduction hopper 101, the sample introduction sieve plate 102, the sample introduction sieve pore 103, the vibration motor 104, the baffle 105, the crushing and grading platform 201, the crusher 202, the primary particle fraction sample separation brush 203, the grinding roller 204, the secondary particle fraction sample separation brush 205, the sample guide brush 206, the extrusion guide plate 207, the crushing pressure head 2021, the connecting rod 2022, the reciprocating motor 2023, the roller 2041, the roller bracket 2042, the bracket positioning column one 2043, the bracket positioning column two 2044, the bracket spring one 2045, the bracket spring two 2046, the sieving and collecting platform 301, the turntable bearing 302, the sample turntable 303, the turntable bottom plate 304, the turntable shaft 305, the sieve pore 306, the main rotation motor 307, the coupling 308, the connecting shaft 309, the conical funnel 310, the sample receiving container 311, the electric waste discharge lifting platform 401, the waste discharge pipe 402, the waste sample scraping brush 403, the dust collector 404, the air compressor 405, the first purging pipe 406, the second purging pipe 407, the electromagnetic valve 501, the sample classification device 201, the crushing and the classification platform 201, The anti-blocking air pipe comprises an anti-blocking air pipe 502, an anti-blocking air pipe spray head 503, an anti-blocking electric lifting platform 504, a Hall sensor 505, a permanent magnet 506, an electric control box 601 and a touch screen 602.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the specification.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the soil sample preparation all-in-one machine according to the embodiment includes an instrument frame 2, a sample introduction system 1, and a sieving and collecting system; the sample introduction system 1 is arranged on the outer side of a vertical track of the instrument frame 2, and the sieving and collecting system is arranged on the inner side of the vertical track of the instrument frame 2; sampling system 1 is located the collection system oblique top that sieves, and sampling system 1's discharge gate is located the collection system that sieves, instrument frame 2's perpendicular track inboard still is equipped with and is arranged in carrying out broken, the size classification and the broken system that sieves to the collection system that sieves the sample. The soil sample enters a crushing system through a sample introduction system 1, and is finally collected in a sample receiving container after repeated circulating crushing, granularity grading, rolling and sieving.

As shown in fig. 3, the sample injection system 1 includes a sample injection hopper 101, a sample injection sieve plate 102, a sample injection sieve hole 103, and a vibration motor 104.

The sampling hopper 101 is an inlet for a soil sample to enter the crushing and grading system 2, the material is preferably plastic, the upper part is a square opening, the lower part is a slope contraction flat square opening, the slope inclines forwards and backwards to extend into the sample turntable 303 of the sieving and collecting system 3, and the sampling hopper is arranged above the front part of the sample turntable 303 in an inclined mode during operation.

The sample feeding sieve plate 102 is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the sample feeding hopper 101, a plurality of sample feeding sieve holes 103 with set apertures are formed in the sample feeding sieve plate 102, and the aperture of each sample feeding sieve hole 103 is sequentially increased from top to bottom; the maximum aperture of the sampling sieve hole 103 in the embodiment is 2 cm; the sample inlet sieve plate 102 and the sample inlet sieve holes 103 have the functions of: firstly, the soil samples entering the crushing and grading system 2 are subjected to granularity limiting screening, so that the soil samples with the granularity exceeding the set granularity are prevented from entering the sample turntable 303 to damage the crushing and grading system 2; secondly, the speed of the soil sample entering the sample turntable 303 is adjusted, the soil sample enters the sample turntable 303 at a constant speed as much as possible, and the soil sample is prevented from simultaneously entering the sample turntable 303 to cause the sample turntable 303 to be blocked.

Vibration motor 104 installs in sample introduction hopper 101 bottom outer inclined plane, and the during operation vibrates according to setting for amplitude and intensity, prevents that soil sample from being detained on sample introduction sieve 102 and sample introduction hopper bottom inclined plane, plays and accelerates to advance a kind and improve the work efficiency effect.

The flat square mouth of sampling hopper 101 inclined plane shrink is close to one side of instrument frame 2 and is equipped with baffle 105, makes the soil sample in the sampling hopper 101 only can fall to the broken district of carousel bottom plate 304, prevents directly to get into broken district, the soil of being convenient for is broken.

The crushing and grading system 2 comprises a crushing and grading platform 201, a crusher 202, a primary size fraction sample separating brush 203, a rolling compaction roller 204, a secondary size fraction sample separating brush 205, a sample guiding brush 206 and an extrusion guide plate 207.

The crushing and grading platform 201 is an installation bearing platform for each part of the crushing and grading system 2, is integrally installed in a vertical rail of the instrument frame 2, can move up and down along the vertical rail, is square, is made of plastic or metal, preferably plastic, is covered on the upper part of the sample turntable 303 in a sealing manner, and each part installed below the crushing and grading platform 201 is positioned inside the sample turntable 303 in a sealing manner during working.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the crusher 202 comprises a crushing head 2021, a connecting rod 2022 and a reciprocating motor 2023, and is operative to crush the soil sample; the crushing pressure head 2021 is square, the width of the crushing zone of the product turntable 303 is the same, one end of the connecting rod 2022 is connected with the crushing pressure head 2021, and the other end is connected with a reciprocating rod of a reciprocating motor 2023; the reciprocating motor 2023 is vertically and inversely arranged on the crushing and grading platform 201, the connecting rod 2022 vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform 201 to be connected with the crushing pressure head 2021, and when the crushing and grading platform works, the crushing pressure head 2021 reciprocates up and down to crush the soil sample placed on the turntable bottom plate 304.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the primary size fraction sample dividing brush 203 is located at the rear of the operation direction of the crushing head 2021, is rigidly mounted below the crushing and grading platform 201, and is obliquely and horizontally placed from the center of the sample turntable 303 to the edge of the sample turntable 303, the soil sample flow guiding direction is obliquely flowing from the center of the sample turntable 303 to the outer edge, and the gap from the bottom plate 304 of the turntable in the vertical direction is 5 mm. The primary size fraction brush 203 functions as: during operation, after the soil sample is primarily crushed by the crushing head 2021, the sample with the particle size smaller than 5mm passes through the lower part of the primary particle size sample separating brush 203, the soil sample with the particle size larger than 5mm is obliquely separated to the edge of the sample turntable 303 by the primary particle size sample separating brush 203, and the soil sample continues to enter the next sample crushing period for crushing.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rolling roller 204 includes a roller 2041, a roller support 2042, a support positioning column and a support spring, wherein the support positioning column includes a support positioning column one 2043 and a support positioning column two 2044; the bracket spring comprises a first bracket spring 2045 and a second bracket spring 2046. The rolling roller 204 is wholly positioned at the rear part of the operation direction of the primary size fraction sample separation brush 203 and is flexibly arranged below the crushing and grading platform 201. The function of the rolling roller 204 is: during operation, the rolling roller 2041 makes the rolling roller 2041 flexibly contact with the rotating turntable base plate 304 by means of the elastic forces of the first support spring 2045 and the second support spring 2046 to drive the rolling roller 2041 to roll, and soil samples with the particle size smaller than 5mm are rolled and crushed after primary particle size classification by the primary particle size classification brush 203.

The roller 2041 is preferably made of plastic, is cylindrical, and has a width greater than that of the primary particle size sample separating brush 203; the roller bracket 2042 is mounted at both ends of the axial section of the roller 2041, and is used for supporting and mounting the roller 2041; the first support positioning column 2043 and the second support positioning column 2044 are vertically arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper end face of the roller support 2042, and during operation, the upper sections of the first support positioning column 2043 and the second support positioning column 2044 are respectively and vertically inserted into the two limiting holes of the crushing and grading platform 201 and used for limiting the roller 2041 in the horizontal direction; in the vertical direction, the support positioning column can move up and down in the limiting hole; the first support spring 2045 and the second support spring 2046 are respectively sleeved on the first support positioning column 2043 and the second support positioning column 2044, and the first support spring 2045 and the second support spring 2046 are compressed and fixed between the roller support 2042 and the crushing and grading platform 201 during operation. The first support spring 2045 and the second support spring 2046 have the effect of generating elasticity through compression deformation, so that the roller 2041 can flexibly roll soil samples with different particle sizes, the roller 2041 is prevented from being blocked, the rolling pressure degree is increased through the elasticity, and the work efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the secondary size fraction sample separating brush 205 is located at the rear part of the running direction of the rolling roller 204, is rigidly mounted below the crushing and grading platform 201, and is obliquely and horizontally placed from the center of the sample turntable 303 to the edge of the sample turntable 303, the soil sample flow guiding direction is obliquely flowing from the center of the sample turntable 303 to the outer edge, and the gap from the bottom plate 304 of the turntable in the vertical direction is 2 mm. The secondary size fraction brush 205 functions to: during operation, after the soil sample is crushed by the roller 2041, the sample with the particle size smaller than 2mm passes through the lower part of the second-grade size grading brush 205, the sample with the particle size larger than 2mm is obliquely separated to the edge of the sample turntable 303 by the second-grade size grading brush 205, and the sample continues to enter the next sample crushing period for crushing.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the sample guiding brush 206 is located at the rear of the secondary size fraction separating brush 205 in the operation direction, is rigidly mounted below the crushing and grading platform 201, and is horizontally placed from the edge of the sample turntable 303 to the center of the sample turntable 303 in an inclined manner, and the soil sample flows from the outer edge of the sample turntable 303 to the center of the sample turntable 303 in the flow guiding direction, and is in flexible contact with the turntable bottom plate 304 in the vertical direction. In operation, the device is used for sweeping soil samples with the particle size of less than 2mm from the crushing area to the sieving area, and rotating by virtue of the turntable bottom plate 304, so that the soil samples with the particle size of less than 2mm pass through the sieve holes 306 of the sieve plate and fall into the conical hopper 310, and the sieving action is completed.

When the primary size fraction sample separating brush 203, the rolling roller 204, the secondary size fraction sample separating brush 205, the sample guide brush 206 and the extrusion guide plate 207 work, 2cm edge gaps are reserved at the installation positions of the primary size fraction sample separating brush, the rolling roller 204, the secondary size fraction sample separating brush 205, the sample guide brush 206 and the extrusion guide plate 207 at intervals from the inner wall of the sample turntable 303, so that soil samples and impurities which cannot be crushed can be circularly circulated from the edge gaps, the work efficiency is improved, and the sample turntable 303 is prevented from being blocked.

As shown in fig. 5, an extrusion deflector 207 is further disposed between the second-stage size fraction sample dividing brush 205 and the sample guiding brush 206, and is obliquely and horizontally disposed from the center of the sample turntable 303 to the edge of the sample turntable 303, and is used for extruding, crushing and guiding a sample with a relatively large particle size passing through the second-stage size fraction sample dividing brush 205, so as to ensure that the particle size of the soil sample entering the screening area is a set value (2 mm in this embodiment).

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, the sieving and collecting system 3 includes a sieving and collecting platform 301, a turntable bearing 302, a sample turntable 303, a turntable base plate 304, a turntable shaft 305, a sieve plate mesh 306, a main rotating motor 307, a coupling 308, a connecting shaft 309, a conical funnel 310 and a sample receiving container 311.

The whole rigid horizontal installation of collection platform 301 that sieves is on instrument frame 2, on spatial position, installs in broken hierarchical platform 201 lower part, and for square, the preferred plastics of material are hollow circular port in the middle, and the diameter is the same with carousel bearing 302 internal diameter, mainly used installation load carousel bearing 302 and sample carousel 303.

The turntable bearing 302 is horizontally arranged at the central position of the upper part of the sieving and collecting platform 301 and is mainly used for installing the load sample turntable 303.

The sample turntable 303 is cylindrical in shape, preferably made of plastic, and is horizontally arranged on the turntable bearing 302 and concentric with the turntable bearing 302, the depth of the sample turntable 303 is 8cm, the inner diameter is 48cm, and the wall thickness is 8 mm.

The turntable base plate 304 is made of plastic preferably, the thickness of the turntable base plate is 10mm, the turntable base plate is divided into two areas, the outer ring part of the turntable base plate 304 is a crushing area, and soil sample crushing, rolling and particle size grading are completed in the crushing area; the inner ring part of the turntable bottom plate 304 is a screening area, and the turntable bottom plate 304 of the screening area is provided with screening plate holes 306 with set number, spacing and aperture of 2mm for screening soil samples swept to the crushing area by the sample guide brush 206.

The turntable shaft 305 is located at the inner circle center of the turntable base plate 304, and is connected with a main rotating motor 307 through a vertically installed connecting shaft 309 upwards via a coupler 308 to obtain rotating power.

The main rotating motor 307 is vertically and inversely arranged right above the crushing and grading platform 201 and is rigidly connected with the instrument frame 2, the rotating shaft is downward and is connected with a turntable shaft 305 of the sample turntable 303 below through a coupler 308 and a connecting shaft 309, and the connecting shaft 309 vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform 201.

Conical hopper 310 is used for collecting the soil sample that sieves from broken zone and fall, conical hopper 310 upper portion with sieve collection platform 301 bottom sealing connection, conical hopper 310 upper portion circular opening diameter is the same with carousel bearing 302 internal diameter, and the centre of a circle coincidence, the circular shrink horn mouth of lower part just to connecing appearance container 311 connect the appearance mouth.

The sample receiving container 311 is used for storing soil samples which are sieved and fall, and a plastic bottle is adopted.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the waste purging system 4 includes a waste electric lifting platform 401, a waste pipe 402, a waste sample scraping brush 403, a dust collector 404, an air compressor 405, a first purging pipe 406 and a second purging pipe 407.

The waste discharge electric lifting platform 401 is vertically arranged on the crushing and grading platform 201, the waste discharge pipe 402 and the waste sample scraping brush 403 are jointly arranged on a moving part of the waste discharge electric lifting platform 401, one end of a dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe 402 vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform 201 downwards and is a set distance away from the turntable bottom plate 304, and the other end of the dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe 402 is communicated with a dust suction barrel of a dust collector 404; the useless sample is scraped brush 403 and is located the rotation direction the place ahead of the mouth of inhaling of waste discharge pipe 402, places to sample carousel 303 edge slant level from the sample carousel 303 centre of a circle, and the water conservancy diversion direction is from the sample carousel 303 centre of a circle to the mouth direction flow of inhaling of waste discharge pipe 402, and the effect is: the sample impurities with the particle size larger than 2cm which can not be crushed and sieved are scraped and collected to the dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe 402, and the sample impurities are sucked into the dust suction barrel of the dust collector 404 by means of air negative pressure. During operation, the moving portion of the electric elevating platform 401 drives the waste discharge pipe 402 and the waste sample wiper 403 to descend together, the distance from the dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe 402 to the bottom plate 304 of the turntable is 2cm (the maximum sample diameter of the embodiment is 2cm), and the waste sample wiper 403 stops when in flexible contact with the bottom plate 304 of the turntable. After the waste discharge and the blowing and dust collection are finished, the moving part of the waste discharge electric lifting platform 401 drives the waste discharge pipe 402 and the waste sample scraping brush 403 to ascend to the original position together.

The vacuum cleaner 404 is used for providing negative pressure and sucking away sample impurities which cannot be crushed and sieved in the sample turntable 303 after the crushing operation is finished.

The air compressor 405 is used for providing high-pressure gas, purging the crusher 202, the primary particle size fraction brush 203, the rolling roller 204, the secondary particle size fraction brush 205, the sample guide brush 206, the extrusion guide plate 207 and the sample turntable 303 through a first purging pipe 406, and purging the conical funnel 310 through a second purging pipe 407; the first purging pipe 406 and the second purging pipe 407 are used for eliminating mutual pollution among different soil samples.

The air outlet of the first purging pipe 406 is arranged in the sample turntable 303; the air outlet of the second purging pipe 407 is arranged in the conical funnel 310.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the anti-blocking and anti-jamming system 5 includes an anti-blocking system and an anti-jamming system.

The anti-blocking system comprises an electromagnetic valve 501, an anti-blocking air pipe 502 and an anti-blocking air pipe spray head 503; the inlet of the electromagnetic valve 501 is communicated with an exhaust pipe of the air compressor 405, and the outlet of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with an anti-blocking air pipe 502; the anti-blocking air pipe spray head 503 is communicated with the anti-blocking air pipe 502, the anti-blocking air pipe spray head 503 is vertically installed below the sieve plate sieve holes 306, and the air outlet faces upwards to the sieve plate sieve holes 306. The anti-blocking system has the following functions: through intermittent type release high-pressure gas, blowback sieve plate sieve mesh 306 blows off sieve plate sieve mesh 306 to the soil sample granule of card in sieve plate sieve mesh 306, prevents that sieve plate sieve mesh 306 from blockking up, avoids influencing the next soil sample breakage.

The anti-jamming stopping system comprises an anti-jamming stopping lifting platform 504, a Hall sensor 505 and a permanent magnet 506; the bottom of the anti-jamming electric lifting platform 504 is rigidly mounted on the crushing and grading platform 201, and the upper part of the anti-jamming electric lifting platform is rigidly connected with the instrument frame 2 to play a role in fixing and limiting the crushing and grading platform 201; the permanent magnet 506 is installed on the outer wall of the sample turntable 303, and the hall sensor 505 is installed at a specified distance, such as 0.2-1.5cm, from the outer wall of the sample turntable 303, and the two are on the same horizontal line. When the device works, the detection surface of the Hall sensor 505 is over against the permanent magnet 506, when the sample turntable 303 stops vibrating, the Hall sensor 505 feeds back a signal to the electrical control box 601, the anti-blocking electric lifting platform 504 is started to work in time to drive the crushing grading platform 201 to ascend integrally, the blocking resistance is released, the main rotating motor and other electrical elements are protected, and the main rotating motor returns to the original position automatically according to a set time interval after rotating again.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the control system 6 includes an electrical control box 601 and a touch screen 602.

The electric control box 601 is used for installing various electric elements, the touch screen 602 is a human-computer interaction interface and is installed above the front face of the instrument, the touch screen 602 is electrically connected with electric elements such as the vibration motor 104, the reciprocating motor 2023, the main rotating motor 307, the electric waste discharge lifting table 401, the dust collector 404, the air compressor 405, the electromagnetic valve 501, the electric clamping failure prevention lifting table 504 and the Hall sensor 505, technical parameters are modified through the touch screen 602, and the electric elements are switched on and off according to a set program during working.

The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine described in this embodiment has the following working procedures:

1. start soil sample preparation all-in-one commercial power, touch-sensitive screen 602 shows work interface: sample introduction → start self-check → crushing and sieving → waste sample discharge → back-blowing anti-blocking → blowing and dust collection → reset self-check;

2. pouring the air-dried soil sample meeting the weight and the granularity into a sample injection hopper 101;

3. clicking a touch screen to start self-checking, automatically entering a crushing and sieving program after the self-checking of the instrument is finished; the electric control box 601 feeds back signals to start the vibration motor 104, the reciprocating motor 2023 and the main rotating motor 307, at this time, the vibration motor 104 vibrates with a set frequency and amplitude, the reciprocating motor 2023 drives the crushing pressure head 2021 to reciprocate up and down, and the main rotating motor 307 drives the sample turntable 303 to rotate on the turntable bearing 302 through the coupler 308 and the connecting shaft 309; soil samples in the sample feeding hopper 101 fall to a crushing area of a rotary disc bottom plate 304 in the sample rotary disc 303 through sample feeding sieve holes 103 on a sample feeding sieve plate 102 under the vibration of a vibration motor 104, are brought to the lower part of a crushing pressure head 2021 which reciprocates up and down by the rotary disc bottom plate 304, and are crushed by the crushing pressure head 2021; the preliminarily crushed soil sample is then brought to the primary size grading brush 203 by the rotating turntable bottom plate 304, and after being graded by the primary size grading brush 203, the soil sample with the particle size smaller than 5mm is rolled by the roller 2041 for secondary crushing; the soil sample crushed for the second time is subjected to grain size classification by a secondary grain size classification brush 205, the soil sample with the grain size smaller than 2mm is swept from the crushing area to the sieving area by a sample guide brush 206, passes through sieve holes 306 of a sieve plate, falls into a conical funnel 310, and falls into a sample receiving container 311 through a circular horn mouth at the lower part of the conical funnel 310; samples which cannot be crushed and have grain diameters which do not meet the requirements after two times of grain size classification are separated to the edge gap of the sample turntable 303, and the next sample crushing period is entered for continuous crushing;

4. after the "crushing and sieving" procedure is finished, the instrument enters a "discharge waste sample" procedure, and at the moment, the vibration motor 104 stops rotating; the reciprocating motor 2023 stops up-and-down reciprocating movement; the main rotating electrical machine 307 continues to rotate; the electric control box 601 feeds back a signal to start the waste discharge electric lifting platform 401 and the dust collector 404, the moving part of the waste discharge electric lifting platform 401 drives the waste discharge pipe 402 and the waste sample scraping brush 403 to descend together, the waste sample scraping brush 403 scrapes and sweeps impurities which cannot be crushed and have the particle size larger than 2mm, the impurities are collected to a dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe 402 and are sucked into a dust suction barrel of the dust collector 404 through the waste discharge pipe 402, and waste discharge action is completed;

5. after the process of discharging waste samples is finished, the instrument enters a back flushing anti-blocking process; the main rotating electrical machine 307 continues to rotate; the electric control box 601 feeds back a signal to start the air compressor 405 and the electromagnetic valve 501, the electromagnetic valve 501 is switched on and off according to a set time interval, high-pressure gas is sprayed out through the anti-blocking gas pipe spray head 503, the sieve plate sieve pores 306 are blown back from the lower part of the turntable bottom plate 304, and soil sample particles clamped in the sieve plate sieve pores 306 are blown out into the sample turntable 303;

6. the anti-blocking back-blowing program is finished, the instrument enters the blowing and dust-collecting program, and at the moment, the electromagnetic valve 501 is closed; the main rotating electrical machine 307 continues to rotate; the vacuum cleaner 404 continues to be on; the air compressor 405 is continuously connected, the blowing pipe 406 blows the crushing head 2021, the primary grade sample separating brush 203, the rolling roller 204, the secondary grade sample separating brush 205, the sample guiding brush 206, the extrusion guide plate 207 and the sample turntable 303, and the blown dust is sucked into a dust suction barrel of the dust collector 404; the conical funnel 310 is purged through a purging pipe 407, so that the soil sample adhered to the inner wall falls into a sample receiving container 311;

7. when the blowing and dust collection procedure is finished, the instrument enters a reset self-check procedure, and at the moment, the moving part of the waste discharge electric lifting platform 401 drives the waste discharge pipe 402 and the waste sample scraping brush 403 to ascend to the original position together; the vacuum cleaner 404 is turned off; the air compressor 405 is turned off; the main rotating electrical machine 307 is turned off;

8. and (5) the commercial power is turned off, and the operation is finished.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment relates to a soil sample preparation machine, which has a structure substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the sample feeding sieve plate 102 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the sample feeding hopper 101.

The above embodiments are only specific cases of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the forms and styles of the above embodiments, and any suitable changes or modifications made thereto by those skilled in the art according to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (21)

1. The utility model provides a soil sample preparation all-in-one which characterized in that: comprises an instrument frame (2), a sample introduction system (1) and a sieving and collecting system; the sampling system (1) is arranged outside a vertical track of the instrument frame (2), and the sieving and collecting system is arranged inside the vertical track of the instrument frame (2); sampling system (1) is located the collection system oblique top that sieves, and the discharge gate of sampling system (1) is located the collection system that sieves, the perpendicular track inboard of instrument frame (2) still is equipped with and is arranged in carrying out broken, the size classification and the broken system that sieves to the sample among the collection system that sieves.

2. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 1, wherein: the screening and collecting system comprises a screening and collecting platform (301), a turntable bearing (302), a sample turntable (303) and a turntable bottom plate (304); the sieving and collecting platform (301) is fixedly and horizontally arranged on the instrument frame (2); the center of the sieving and collecting platform (301) is relatively and rotatably connected with a turntable bearing (302), and a sample turntable (303) is fixedly arranged on the turntable bearing (302); the bottom of the sample turntable (303) is fixedly connected with a turntable bottom plate (304).

3. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 2, wherein: the rotary table bottom plate (304) is divided into two areas, the outer ring part of the rotary table bottom plate (304) is a crushing area, the inner ring part of the rotary table bottom plate (304) is a screening area, and a sieve plate sieve hole (306) is formed in the rotary table bottom plate (304) of the screening area.

4. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 3, wherein: the crushing system comprises a crushing and grading platform (201), a crusher (202), a primary particle size sample separating brush (203), a rolling roller (204), a secondary particle size sample separating brush (205) and a sample guiding brush (206), wherein the crusher (202), the primary particle size sample separating brush, the rolling roller (204) and the secondary particle size sample separating brush are all arranged on the lower surface of the crushing and grading platform (201); the crushing and grading platform (201) is arranged in a vertical track of the instrument frame (2) and is positioned above the sieving and collecting platform (301); the primary particle fraction sample separating brush (203) is positioned at the rear part of the operation direction of the crusher (202) and is obliquely and horizontally placed from the circle center of the sample rotating disc (303) to the edge of the sample rotating disc (303); the rolling roller (204) is positioned at the rear part of the running direction of the primary size fraction sample separation brush (203); the secondary size fraction sample separation brush (205) is positioned at the rear part of the running direction of the rolling roller (204) and is obliquely and horizontally placed from the circle center of the sample turntable (303) to the edge of the sample turntable (303); the gap between the bottom of the primary grade sample separating brush (203) and the bottom plate (304) of the rotary table is larger than the gap between the bottom of the secondary grade sample separating brush (205) and the bottom plate (304) of the rotary table; the sample guide brush (206) is positioned at the rear part of the operation direction of the secondary grade sample separation brush (205) and is obliquely and horizontally arranged from the edge of the sample turntable (303) to the circle center of the sample turntable (303); the crusher (202), one end of the primary size fraction sample separation brush (203), the rolling roller (204), one end of the secondary size fraction sample separation brush (205) and one end of the sample guide brush (206) are all located in a crushing area.

5. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein: the crushing system further comprises an extrusion guide plate (207), the extrusion guide plate (207) is arranged between the second-level particle size fraction sample separating brush (205) and the sample guiding brush (206), one end of the extrusion guide plate (207) is located in a crushing area, and the extrusion guide plate is obliquely and horizontally placed from the circle center of the sample turntable (303) to the edge of the sample turntable (303).

6. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein: the gap between the bottom of the primary particle size grading brush (203) and the bottom plate (304) of the turntable is 5-10 mm; the gap between the bottom of the secondary grade size fraction sample separation brush (205) and the bottom plate (304) of the rotary table is 1-3 mm.

7. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein: the crusher (202) comprises a crushing head (2021), a connecting rod (2022) and a reciprocating motor (2023); the reciprocating motor (2023) is arranged on the crushing and grading platform (201), one end of the connecting rod (2022) is connected with the reciprocating rod of the reciprocating motor (2023), and the other end of the connecting rod vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform (201) to be connected with the crushing pressure head (2021).

8. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein: the rolling roller (204) comprises a roller (2041), a roller support (2042), a support positioning column and a support spring; the end parts of the roller wheel brackets (2042) are arranged at two ends of the axial section of the roller wheel (2041); the support positioning column is vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the roller support (2042), and the upper section of the support positioning column is inserted into a limit hole vertically formed in the crushing and grading platform (201); the support spring is sleeved on the support positioning column.

9. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein: and edge gaps which are not less than 2cm are reserved between one end of the crusher (202), the primary particle fraction sample separating brush (203), the rolling roller (204) and one end of the secondary particle fraction sample separating brush (205), which are close to the inner wall of the sample turntable (303), and the inner wall of the sample turntable (303).

10. An integrated soil sample preparation machine according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein: the sample introduction system (1) comprises a sample introduction hopper (101), a sample introduction sieve plate (102) and a sample introduction sieve hole (103); the sample injection hopper (101) is arranged on the outer side of a vertical track of the instrument frame (2), the upper part of the sample injection hopper is provided with a square opening, the lower part of the sample injection hopper is provided with an inclined plane contraction flat square opening, and the inclined plane inclines towards the sample turntable (303) and extends into the sample turntable (303); the sample feeding sieve plate (102) is horizontally or obliquely arranged at the bottom of the sample feeding hopper (101); and a sample feeding sieve pore (103) is arranged on the sample feeding sieve plate (102).

11. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 10, wherein: the sampling sieve holes (103) are composed of sampling sieve holes with different apertures.

12. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 10, wherein: and a vibration motor (104) is arranged on the outer wall of the inclined plane at the lower part of the sample injection hopper (101).

13. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 10, wherein: and a baffle (105) is arranged on one side of the sample injection hopper (101) with an inclined plane contraction flat square opening close to the instrument frame (2).

14. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 4, wherein: the sieving and collecting system also comprises a main rotating motor (307), a coupler (308), a connecting shaft (309), a conical funnel (310) and a sample receiving container (311); the main rotating motor (307) is vertically and inversely arranged right above the crushing and grading platform (201) and is rigidly connected with the instrument frame (2), and the main rotating motor (307) is connected with the connecting shaft (309) through a coupler (308); the connecting shaft (309) penetrates through the crushing and grading platform (201) to be connected with the inner circle center of the turntable bottom plate (304); the upper part of the conical funnel (310) is hermetically connected with the bottom of the sieving and collecting platform (301), and the circular shrinkage bell mouth at the lower part of the conical funnel (310) is just opposite to the sample receiving port of the sample receiving container (311).

15. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 14, wherein: the system also comprises a waste discharge purging system; the waste discharge purging system comprises a waste discharge electric lifting platform (401), a waste discharge pipe (402), a waste sample scraping brush (403) and a dust collector (404); the waste discharge electric lifting platform (401) is vertically arranged on the crushing and grading platform (201), a waste discharge pipe (402) and a waste sample scraping brush (403) are jointly arranged on a moving part of the waste discharge electric lifting platform (401), one end of a dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe (402) vertically penetrates through the crushing and grading platform (201) downwards, and the other end of the dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe (402) is communicated with a dust suction barrel of a dust collector (404); the waste sample scraping brush (403) is positioned in front of the rotation direction of the dust suction port of the waste discharge pipe (402) and is obliquely and horizontally arranged from the circle center of the sample turntable (303) to the edge of the sample turntable (303).

16. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 15, wherein: the waste discharge purging system further comprises an air compressor (405), a first purging pipe (406) and a second purging pipe (407); the air inlets of the first purging pipe (406) and the second purging pipe (407) are connected with an air compressor (405), and the air outlet of the first purging pipe (406) is arranged in the sample turntable (303); and the air outlet of the second purging pipe (407) is arranged in the conical funnel (310).

17. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 16, wherein: the crushing and grading platform (201) can move up and down along a vertical track of the instrument frame (2); the soil sample preparation all-in-one machine further comprises an anti-blocking and anti-jamming system, and the anti-blocking and anti-jamming system comprises an anti-blocking system and an anti-jamming system.

18. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 17, wherein: the anti-blocking system comprises an electromagnetic valve (501), an anti-blocking air pipe (502) and an anti-blocking air pipe spray head (503); the inlet of the electromagnetic valve (501) is communicated with an exhaust pipe of the air compressor (405), and the outlet of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with an anti-blocking air pipe (502); prevent stifled trachea (502) intercommunication and prevent stifled trachea shower nozzle (503), prevent stifled trachea shower nozzle (503) and install perpendicularly in sieve mesh (306) below, prevent stifled trachea shower nozzle (503) gas outlet just up to sieve mesh (306).

19. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine of claim 17 or 18, wherein: the anti-jamming stopping system comprises an anti-jamming stopping lifting table (504), a Hall sensor (505) and a permanent magnet (506); the bottom of the anti-jamming electric lifting platform (504) is rigidly arranged on the crushing and grading platform (201), and the upper part of the anti-jamming electric lifting platform is rigidly connected with the instrument frame (2); the permanent magnet (506) is installed on the outer wall of the sample turntable (303), the Hall sensor (505) is installed on the instrument frame (2), and the Hall sensor (505) and the permanent magnet (506) are on the same horizontal line.

20. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine according to any one of claims 1-9, 11-18, wherein: the control system comprises an electrical control box (601) used for installing various electrical components and a touch screen (602) used for being electrically connected with the electrical components; the touch screen (602) is mounted above the instrument frame (2).

21. The soil sample preparation all-in-one machine according to any one of claims 1-9, 11-18, wherein: the soil sample preparation all-in-one machine also comprises a sealing cover arranged on the instrument frame (2); the crushing system and the sieving and collecting system are both positioned in the sealing cover.

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