Wide-row weeding, fertilizing and banking machine based on narrow-row powder ridge planting of sugarcane
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field of sugarcane planting management machinery specifically is a wide line weeding fertilization banking machine based on sugarcane narrow line powder ridge is planted.
Background
Sugarcane, (academic name:Saccharum officinarum) Saccharum officinarum, a large and solid herb growing for many years. The root is strong and developed. The height of the stalk is 3-6 m. The sugarcane is suitable for being planted in places with fertile soil, sufficient sunlight and large temperature difference in winter and summer. Sugar cane is a temperate and tropical crop, a raw material for sucrose production, and ethanol can be extracted as an energy substitute. Sugarcane is an important sugar crop in China and is a main source of sugar, and green development and sustainable high-yield planting of the sugar crop sugarcane are important guarantees of national sugar safety. The sugarcane is also the economic crop with the largest Guangxi planting area, and according to 2018 data of the State statistics office, the Guangxi sugarcane planting area is 88.64 ten thousand hectares (about 1330 ten thousand mu), which accounts for 63.05 percent of the national planting area; the yield of the sugarcane is 7292.76 ten thousand tons, and accounts for 67.46 percent of the total sugarcane yield in China; the sugar yield is 590 ten thousand tons, which accounts for 67.23 percent of the national sugar yield.
Researches show that the cultivation management and irrigation technology of sugarcane in China is too laggard, and the yield per unit of sugarcane is far lower than the average level in the world under the influence of drought environment in recent years. For the sugarcane without irrigation condition, how to improve the situation is very important. Sugarcane belongs to crops with large water demand, water has important influence on the yield of the sugarcane, and certain water is needed in the germination stage, the tillering stage and the growing stage during the growing period. The alternating mode of narrow-row powder ridge 'U' -shaped loose soil and wide-row no-tillage is adopted, the disturbed farmland soil surface is reduced, a planting and fallow cultivation area is established, a narrow-row cultivation part forms a good 'U' -shaped farmland reservoir, the local limited natural rainfall falls into a crop planting growth area in a mode of 'two-in-one' to supply enough water resources for crops; the fallow area can grow various weeds naturally, biological diversity is increased, the harm to diseases and pests of crops can be reduced, the application amount of pesticides is reduced, the pollution of chemicals is purified gradually, and the land fertility recovery of cultivated land is promoted. Because the intertillage ridging is an important measure for ensuring the high yield of the sugarcane, the intertillage ridging is also needed in an alternate mode of narrow-row ridge loosening planting and wide-row no-tillage, but the traditional ridging machine has low working efficiency due to the wide row spacing of the planting mode, and is not suitable for the wide-row ridging of the sugarcane planting.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a wide row weeding fertilization banking machine based on sugarcane narrow row powder ridge is planted, this banking machine collect weed, loosen the soil, fertilize and banking as an organic whole, and work efficiency is high, is applicable to the wide row weeding banking that the sugarcane was planted.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the technical scheme who takes is:
a wide-row weeding, fertilizing and banking machine based on sugarcane narrow-row powder ridge planting is driven by a tractor to work in a traction manner and comprises a machine frame, wherein lifting arm seats used for being connected with a lifting arm of the tractor in an installing manner are arranged on two sides of the front end of the machine frame, and a middle cantilever seat used for being connected with a middle cantilever of the tractor in an installing manner is arranged above the front end of the machine frame through a support; a gear transmission box is vertically arranged on the rack; the front end of the gear transmission box is provided with a power input shaft which can be connected with a power shaft of a tractor; the bottom end of the gear transmission box extends to the lower part of the rack, two sides of the bottom end of the gear transmission box are respectively provided with a rotary tillage driving shaft, and a plurality of rotary tillage blades are arranged on the rotary tillage driving shaft through rotary tillage blade holders; a splash guard is installed at the lower part of the rack above the rotary tillage cutter through a splash guard frame, a soil guide baffle is hinged to the side, away from the gear transmission box, of the splash guard through a hinge, the soil guide baffle is connected with an adjusting lug on the rack through an angle adjusting rod through a bolt, the opening angle of the soil guide baffle can be adjusted through the angle adjusting rod, one end of the angle adjusting rod is connected with the soil guide baffle, a long hole is formed in the other end of the angle adjusting rod, the long hole is fixedly connected with the adjusting lug through the bolt, and the opening angle of the soil guide baffle is adjusted through adjusting the connecting and fixing position of the long hole; the frame on install and to be able to be automatic lead fertilizer injection unit who sends to gear drive case the place ahead both sides. The weeding, fertilizing and banking machine walks in a wide row, soil can be thrown upwards by rotary tillage of the rotary tillage blades when weeding is achieved by rotary tillage of the rotary tillage blades, and broken soil thrown by the rotary tillage blades can be guided to the roots of sugarcanes on two sides by adjusting the opening angle of the soil guide baffle, so that the banking function can be achieved.
Further preferred is: the fertilizer applying device comprises a gear box and a fertilizer box, the fertilizer box is mounted on the rack through a fertilizer box frame, a fertilizer discharging opening is formed below the front end of the fertilizer box, two lower fertilizer hoppers for guiding fertilizer to two sides of the lower part of the fertilizer discharging opening are arranged on the lower part of the fertilizer discharging opening, and the lower fertilizer hoppers are connected with fertilizer guiding pipes; the bottom at the fertilizer can is installed to the gear box, and in the pivot at the top of gear box stretched into the fertilizer can, install the sealing washer between the drain pan of pivot and fertilizer can, install the fertile blade of row in the pivot, the rotatory drive arrangement of drive pivot is installed in the gear box connection, and the rotation of the fertile blade of row is discharged the fertilizer in the fertilizer can from the fertilizer outlet, leads the place ahead both sides of delivering to gear drive case through lower fertilizer fill and fertilizer guide.
Further preferred is: the driving device comprises a driving chain wheel shaft arranged on the gear transmission box and a driven chain wheel shaft arranged on the gear box, and a driving chain wheel is arranged on the driving chain wheel shaft; the driven chain wheel is installed on the driven chain wheel shaft and is connected with the driving chain wheel through a chain, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by power transmitted into the gear transmission box, so that the fertilizer discharging blade is driven to rotate.
Further preferred is: the two sides of the fertilizer discharging port are provided with gate chutes, gates capable of sliding to close the fertilizer discharging port are installed in the gate chutes, the gates are provided with reset springs capable of pulling the gates to reset to close the fertilizer discharging port, and the gates are connected with pulling traction ropes capable of pulling the gates to open the fertilizer discharging port. When the fertilizer discharging port is opened, the traction rope is pulled, the gate is lifted to open the fertilizer discharging port, the traction rope is loosened, and the gate closes the fertilizer discharging port under the action of the return spring.
Further preferred is: and a pulley for guiding and pulling the traction rope is arranged on the fertilizer box frame above the front end of the gate.
Further preferred is: the rotary tillage driving shafts on two sides of the gear transmission case are respectively provided with a rotating seat, and the rotating seats are connected with the rack through a reinforcing pull rod, so that the firmness of the whole machine is enhanced. The rotating seat can adopt a bearing type rotating seat, a bearing is installed in the rotating seat, and an inner ring of the bearing is connected with the rotary tillage driving shaft in an installing mode.
Further preferred is: the rotary tillage blades are uniformly arranged in two spiral lines on the axial periphery of the rotary tillage driving shaft through the rotary tillage blade holders. Namely, a plurality of rotary blades are arranged on the rotary tillage driving shaft through rotary blade holders, and the rotary blades are uniformly arranged on the rotary tillage driving shaft in two spiral lines from one end of the rotary tillage driving shaft to the other end.
This wide row weeding fertilization banking machine based on sugarcane narrow row powder ridge is planted's advantage:
1. this wide row weeding fertilization banking machine structure based on sugarcane narrow row powder ridge is planted sets up ingeniously, utilizes tractor traction drive, collects functions such as weeding, loosens the soil, fertilizies and banking up as an organic whole, and wide and narrow weeding, the loosening the soil, fertilize and banking up that sugarcane was planted is accomplished in once farming, and work efficiency is high, is applicable to the wide row weeding banking up that sugarcane was planted.
2. Its rotary blade passes through the rotary blade seat and is two helix equipartition installations on the axial periphery of rotary tillage drive shaft, and the rotary tillage is thrown native effectual, and the cooperation is led the realization that native baffle can be better and is banked up earth the function, and the rotary tillage is garrulous grass effectual, is difficult for twining the grass.
3. The gate that can slide closed fertilizer discharging mouth is installed through the gate spout to its fertilizer discharging mouth, opens the fertilizer discharging mouth through pulling cable pulling gate, loosens pulling cable, and under the reset spring effect, the fertilizer discharging mouth is closed to the gate, realizes opening of fertilizer discharging mouth and closes, and nimble control fertilizer discharges.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide-row weeding, fertilizing and banking machine based on narrow-row powder ridge planting of sugarcane;
FIG. 2 is a schematic right-side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
the part names of the sequence numbers in the figure are:
1. soil guide baffle, 2, hinge, 3, fender, 4, fender frame, 5, angle adjusting rod, 6, adjusting lug, 7, bolt, 8, gear transmission case, 9, driving sprocket, 10, driving sprocket shaft, 11, chain, 12, fertilizer case frame, 13, driven sprocket shaft, 14, driven sprocket, 15, gear box, 16, fertilizer discharging blade, 17, fertilizer case, 18, pulley, 19, pulling traction cable, 20, middle cantilever seat, 21, bracket, 22, reset spring, 23, gate, 24, gate chute, 25, lower fertilizer bucket, 26, power input shaft, 27, lifting arm seat, 28, fertilizer guide pipe, 29, frame, 30, rotary tillage cutter seat, 31, rotary tillage driving shaft, 32, rotary tillage cutter, 33, reinforcing pull rod, 34 and rotating seat.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
A wide-row weeding, fertilizing and banking machine based on sugarcane narrow-row powder ridge planting is driven by a tractor to work in a traction manner and comprises a rack 29, wherein lifting arm seats 27 used for being connected with a lifting arm of the tractor in an installing manner are arranged on two sides of the front end of the rack 29, and a middle cantilever seat 20 used for being connected with a middle cantilever of the tractor in an installing manner is arranged above the front end of the rack 29 through a support 21; a gear transmission box 8 is vertically arranged on the frame 29; the front end of the gear transmission box 8 is provided with a power input shaft 26 which can be connected with a power shaft of a tractor; the bottom end of the gear transmission box 8 extends to the lower part of the frame 29, two rotary tillage driving shafts 31 are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom end of the gear transmission box 8, and a plurality of rotary tillage blades 32 are arranged on the rotary tillage driving shafts 31 through rotary tillage blade holders 30; the lower part of the rack 29 above the rotary tillage cutter 32 is provided with a mud guard 3 through a mud guard frame 4, the side of the mud guard 3 away from the gear transmission case 8 is hinged with a soil guide baffle 1 through a hinge 2, the soil guide baffle 1 is also connected with an adjusting lug 6 on the rack 29 through an angle adjusting rod 5 through a bolt 7, the angle adjusting rod 5 can adjust the opening angle of the soil guide baffle 1, one end of the angle adjusting rod 5 is connected with the soil guide baffle 1, the other end of the angle adjusting rod 5 is provided with a long hole, the long hole is connected and fixed with the adjusting lug 6 through the bolt 7, and the opening angle adjustment of the soil guide baffle 1 is realized through adjusting the connecting and fixing position of the long hole; the frame 29 is provided with a fertilizing device which can automatically guide fertilizer to the two sides in front of the gear transmission case 8. The weeding, fertilizing and banking machine walks in a wide row, soil can be thrown upwards by rotary tillage of the rotary tillage blades when weeding is achieved by rotary tillage of the rotary tillage blades, and broken soil thrown by the rotary tillage blades can be guided to the roots of sugarcanes on two sides by adjusting the opening angle of the soil guide baffle, so that the banking function can be achieved.
Example 2
A wide-row weeding, fertilizing and banking machine based on sugarcane narrow-row powder ridge planting is driven by a tractor to work in a traction manner and comprises a rack 29, wherein lifting arm seats 27 used for being connected with a lifting arm of the tractor in an installing manner are arranged on two sides of the front end of the rack 29, and a middle cantilever seat 20 used for being connected with a middle cantilever of the tractor in an installing manner is arranged above the front end of the rack 29 through a support 21; a gear transmission box 8 is vertically arranged on the frame 29; the front end of the gear transmission box 8 is provided with a power input shaft 26 which can be connected with a power shaft of a tractor; the bottom end of the gear transmission box 8 extends to the lower part of the frame 29, two rotary tillage driving shafts 31 are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom end of the gear transmission box 8, and a plurality of rotary tillage blades 32 are arranged on the rotary tillage driving shafts 31 through rotary tillage blade holders 30; the lower part of the rack 29 above the rotary tillage cutter 32 is provided with a mud guard 3 through a mud guard frame 4, the side of the mud guard 3 away from the gear transmission case 8 is hinged with a soil guide baffle 1 through a hinge 2, the soil guide baffle 1 is also connected with an adjusting lug 6 on the rack 28 through an angle adjusting rod 5 through a bolt 7, the angle adjusting rod 5 can adjust the opening angle of the soil guide baffle 1, one end of the angle adjusting rod 5 is connected with the soil guide baffle 1, the other end of the angle adjusting rod 5 is provided with a long hole, the long hole is connected and fixed with the adjusting lug 6 through the bolt 7, and the opening angle adjustment of the soil guide baffle 1 is realized through adjusting the connecting and fixing position of the long hole; the frame 29 is provided with a fertilizing device which can automatically guide fertilizer to the two sides in front of the gear transmission case 8. The weeding, fertilizing and banking machine walks in a wide row, soil can be thrown upwards by rotary tillage of the rotary tillage blades when weeding is achieved by rotary tillage of the rotary tillage blades, and broken soil thrown by the rotary tillage blades can be guided to the roots of sugarcanes on two sides by adjusting the opening angle of the soil guide baffle, so that the banking function can be achieved.
The fertilizer applying device comprises a gear box 15 and a fertilizer box 17, the fertilizer box 17 is arranged on a frame 29 through a fertilizer box frame 12, a fertilizer discharging opening is arranged below the front end of the fertilizer box 17, two lower fertilizer hoppers 25 which guide fertilizer to two sides of the lower part of the fertilizer discharging opening are arranged on the lower part of the fertilizer discharging opening, and the lower fertilizer hoppers 25 are connected with fertilizer guide pipes 28; the gear box 15 is installed in the bottom of can 17, and the pivot at the top of gear box 15 stretches into in can 17, installs the sealing washer between the drain pan of pivot and can 17, installs fertilizer blade 16 in the pivot, and gear box 15 is connected and is installed the rotatory drive arrangement of drive pivot, and fertilizer blade 16's rotation is discharged the fertilizer in the can 17 from the fertilizer outlet, leads the place ahead both sides of delivering to gear drive case 8 through lower fertilizer bucket 25 and pipe 28.
The driving device comprises a driving chain wheel shaft 10 arranged on the gear transmission box 8 and a driven chain wheel shaft 13 arranged on the gear box 15, wherein a driving chain wheel 9 is arranged on the driving chain wheel shaft 10; the driven chain wheel 14 is arranged on the driven chain wheel shaft 13, the driven chain wheel 14 is connected with the driving chain wheel 9 through a chain 11, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by power transmitted into the gear transmission box 8, so that the fertilizer discharging blade 16 is driven to rotate.
The two sides of the fertilizer discharging port are provided with gate sliding chutes 24, a gate 23 capable of sliding to close the fertilizer discharging port is installed in the gate sliding chutes 24, a return spring 22 capable of pulling the gate 23 to return to close the fertilizer discharging port is installed on the gate 23, and a pulling traction cable 19 capable of pulling the gate 23 to open the fertilizer discharging port is connected to the gate 23. When the fertilizer discharging opening is opened, the traction rope 19 is pulled, the gate 23 is lifted to open the fertilizer discharging opening, the traction rope 19 is loosened and pulled, and the gate 23 closes the fertilizer discharging opening under the action of the return spring 22.
The fertilizer box frame 12 above the front end of the gate 23 is provided with a pulley 18 for guiding and pulling the traction cable 19.
The rotary tillage drive shafts 31 on two sides of the gear transmission box 8 are respectively provided with a rotary seat 34, and the rotary seats 34 are connected with the frame 29 through a reinforcing pull rod 33, so that the firmness of the whole machine is enhanced. The rotary seat 34 may be a bearing type rotary seat, a bearing is installed in the rotary seat, and an inner ring of the bearing is installed and connected with the rotary tillage drive shaft 31.
The rotary blades 32 are uniformly arranged in two spiral lines on the axial periphery of the rotary tillage drive shaft 31 through the rotary tillage blade holder 30. That is, a plurality of rotary blades 32 are mounted on the rotary tillage drive shaft 31 through the rotary tillage blade holder 30, and the rotary blades 32 are uniformly mounted on the rotary tillage drive shaft 31 in two spiral lines from one end of the rotary tillage drive shaft 31 to the other end.
The wide-row weeding, fertilizing and banking machine based on the narrow-row powder ridge planting of the sugarcane has the working principle that: the lifting arm of the tractor is connected with the lifting arm seat 27 in an installing mode, the middle cantilever of the tractor is connected with the middle cantilever seat 20 in an installing mode, and the lifting arm and the middle cantilever of the tractor are used for controlling the hiller to ascend and descend. When walking and not cultivating, the hiller is lifted by the lifting arm and the middle cantilever of the tractor. When the tractor is driven into the wide row, the hiller is lowered down by the tractor, the power output by the tractor is transmitted into the gear transmission box 8 from the power input shaft 26 to drive the rotary tillage driving shaft 31 to drive the rotary tillage cutter 32 to rotate for soil crushing and weeding in the wide row,
soil after rotary tillage by the rotary tillage blades 32 can be thrown upwards, and the soil after being turned and broken by the rotary tillage blades 32 can be guided to the roots of the sugarcanes on two sides by adjusting the opening angle of the soil guide baffle 1, so that the function of ridging can be realized; as fertilizer is put into the fertilizer box 17, the tractor is driven to walk, meanwhile, the power in the gear transmission box 8 drives the driving chain wheel 9 to rotate through the driving chain wheel shaft 10, and is transmitted to the driven chain wheel 14 through the chain 11 and the driven chain wheel shaft 13 to drive the rotating shaft of the gear box 15 to rotate, so that the fertilizer discharging blade 16 is driven to rotate. Pulling the traction rope 19, lifting the gate 23 to open the fertilizer outlet, discharging the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 17 from the fertilizer outlet by the rotation of the fertilizer discharging blade 16, guiding the fertilizer to two sides in front of the gear transmission box 8 through the lower fertilizer bucket 25 and the fertilizer guiding pipe 28, and covering the soil turned and thrown along with the rotary blade on the root of the sugarcane to realize fertilizer application; when the fertilizer is not needed to be applied, the traction rope 19 is released and pulled, the gate 23 closes the fertilizer outlet under the action of the return spring 22, and the fertilizer cannot be discharged from the fertilizer box 17.
The above description is not intended to limit the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present application.