CN214844662U - Device for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged sludge with high water content indoors - Google Patents

Device for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged sludge with high water content indoors Download PDF

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CN214844662U
CN214844662U CN202023015550.0U CN202023015550U CN214844662U CN 214844662 U CN214844662 U CN 214844662U CN 202023015550 U CN202023015550 U CN 202023015550U CN 214844662 U CN214844662 U CN 214844662U
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buchner funnel
water
model box
vapor separation
separation bottle
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史吏
殷星
蔡袁强
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Abstract

The device for measuring the compressibility and permeability of dredged sludge with high water content indoors comprises a Buchner funnel which is hermetically inserted at the top of an acrylic model box, wherein a top opening of the Buchner funnel is hermetically connected with a sealing cover, and a closed vacuum chamber is formed between the acrylic model box and the Buchner funnel; an automatic counting electronic scale is arranged in the acrylic model box, a glass beaker is placed on the automatic counting electronic scale, and the glass beaker is arranged below the Buchner funnel; inferior gram force mold box passes through first rubber conduit and water vapor separation bottle intercommunication, and water vapor separation bottle passes through the second rubber conduit and is connected with the vacuum pump. The utility model is simple in operation, easily the last hand, preparation low cost can gather experimental data simply and clearly, provides a suitable analogue means for geotechnical engineering survey high moisture content dredging silt compressibility and permeability.

Description

Device for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged sludge with high water content indoors
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a device of silt compressibility and permeability is dredged to indoor survey high moisture content.
Background
With the rapid development of coastal city economy and population growth in China, artificial dredging sludge reclamation is an effective method for solving the problem of land shortage. Because the silt foundation has the characteristics of extremely high water content, extremely low strength and bearing capacity and the like, before the silt foundation is used as a construction site, reinforcement improvement treatment is required to meet the requirements of engineering construction. In the treatment of large-area soft soil foundation, the vacuum preloading method is one of the common methods, and the vertical drainage plates are arranged in the soft soil foundation in a striking manner, so that pore water in the soft soil foundation is drained from the vertical drainage plates, and finally the soil body strength is improved to meet the requirements of the strength and the bearing capacity of upper engineering construction. In the process of drainage consolidation, the penetration consolidation characteristics of the soil layer have important influence on the speed of consolidation. Therefore, prior to designing a drainage scheme for vacuum preloading, the permeability and consolidation characteristics of the consolidated soil layer should first be recognized.
Currently, in practical engineering, a modified consolidometer is generally adopted to simultaneously measure the permeability and consolidation characteristics of the concrete. However, when the apparatus is used for measuring the infiltration and consolidation characteristics of dredged sludge with extremely high water content, the sample is easily extruded from the consolidation chamber, so that certain errors exist in the observation result, and the experiment has a long duration and is not suitable for engineering projects with short construction periods.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the utility model provides a survey high moisture content dredged mud compressibility and device of permeability.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the device for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged sludge with high water content indoors comprises a Buchner funnel which is hermetically inserted at the top of an acrylic model box, wherein an opening at the top end of the Buchner funnel is hermetically connected with a sealing cover, a drainage plate filter membrane is arranged inside the Buchner funnel, the lower end of the Buchner funnel extends to the inside of the acrylic model box, and a closed vacuum chamber is formed between the acrylic model box and the Buchner funnel;
a vacuum meter is arranged on the acrylic model box, an automatic counting electronic scale is arranged in the acrylic model box, a glass beaker is placed on the automatic counting electronic scale, and the glass beaker is arranged below the Buchner funnel; the acrylic model box is communicated with the water-vapor separation bottle through a first rubber conduit, and a valve is arranged on the first rubber conduit; the water-vapor separation bottle is connected with a vacuum pump through a second rubber conduit; the water-vapor separation bottle is connected with the pressure sensor through a first PU pipe, the water-vapor separation bottle is connected with the pressure control valve through a second PU pipe, and the pressure sensor and the pressure control valve are respectively and electrically connected with the pressure controller; the water-vapor separation bottle is provided with a pressure relief opening, and the pressure relief opening is provided with a pressure relief valve.
The utility model has the advantages that: through the water yield in two sets of parallel experimentation along with the analysis of the change relation of time to confirm the used thick liquids of experiment in the compression and the permeability characteristic of consolidation process, device easy operation easily goes up the hand, and preparation low cost can simply and clearly gather experimental data, dredges silt compressibility and permeability for geotechnical engineering survey high moisture content and provides a suitable analogue means.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1.a Buchner funnel; 2. an acrylic mold box; 3. an electronic scale with automatic counting; 4. a glass beaker; 5. a water-vapor separation bottle; 6. a first rubber conduit; 7. a second rubber conduit; 8. a first PU pipe; 9. a second PU tube; 10. a pressure controller; 11. a pressure sensor; 12 a pressure control valve; 13. a vacuum pump; 14. a vacuum gauge; 15. and (4) a drainage plate filter membrane.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., appear based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to the attached drawings, the first embodiment of the utility model provides a device for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged sludge with high water content indoors, which comprises a buchner funnel 1 inserted on the top of an acrylic model box 2 in a sealing manner, wherein a sealing cover is connected with an opening at the top end of the buchner funnel 1 in a sealing manner, a drainage plate filter membrane 15 is arranged inside the buchner funnel 1, the lower end of the buchner funnel 1 extends into the acrylic model box 2, and a sealed vacuum chamber is formed between the acrylic model box 2 and the buchner funnel 1;
a vacuum gauge 14 is arranged on the acrylic model box 2, an automatic counting electronic scale 3 is arranged in the acrylic model box 2, a glass beaker 4 is placed on the automatic counting electronic scale 3, and the glass beaker 4 is arranged below the Buchner funnel 1; the acrylic model box 2 is communicated with a water-vapor separation bottle 5 through a first rubber conduit 6, and a valve is arranged on the first rubber conduit 6; the water-vapor separation bottle 5 is connected with a vacuum pump 13 through a second rubber conduit 7; the water-vapor separation bottle 5 is connected with a pressure sensor 11 through a first PU pipe 8, the water-vapor separation bottle 5 is connected with a pressure control valve 12 through a second PU pipe 9, and the pressure sensor 11 and the pressure control valve 12 are respectively and electrically connected with a pressure controller 10; the water-vapor separation bottle 5 is provided with a pressure relief opening, and the pressure relief opening is provided with a pressure relief valve.
In the embodiment, the length, width and height of the acrylic model box 2 are respectively 30cm, 30cm and 20 cm; the specification of the glass beaker 4 is 500 ml; buchner funnel 1 has a diameter of 9cm and a height of 10 cm; the first rubber conduit 6 has a length of 0.5 m; the diameter of the water-vapor separation bottle 5 is 20cm, and the height is 20 cm; the second rubber conduit 7 has a length of 0.5 m; the length of the first PU conduit 8 is 0.5 m; the second PU conduit 9 has a length of 0.5 m.
The specific experimental operating steps are as follows:
(1) placing an automatic counting electronic scale 3 inside an acrylic model box 2;
(2) placing the glass beaker 4 above the automatic counting electronic scale 3;
(3) sealing the acrylic model box 2 by screws;
(4) placing a drainage plate filter membrane 15 at the bottom end inside the buchner funnel 1;
(5) connecting a Buchner funnel 1 with an acrylic model box 2;
(6) one end of a first rubber conduit 6 is connected with an opening at the upper part of an acrylic model box 2, and the other end of the first rubber conduit is connected with an opening at the upper part of a water-vapor separation bottle 5;
(7) one end of a second rubber conduit 7 is connected with an opening at the upper part of the water-vapor separation bottle 5, and the other end of the conduit is hermetically communicated with an air inlet at the side surface of a vacuum pump 13;
(8) one end of a first PU guide pipe 8 is connected with a pressure sensor 11, and the other end of the guide pipe is connected with an opening at the upper part of a water-vapor separation bottle 5;
(9) one end of a second PU guide pipe 9 is connected with a pressure control valve 12, and the other end of the guide pipe is connected with an opening at the upper part of the water-vapor separation bottle 5;
(10) filling the experimental slurry into a Buchner funnel 1, and sealing a sealing cover with the Buchner funnel 1 by using a screw;
(11) and after the vacuum filter pressing experiment is started, recording the reading of the automatic counting electronic scale in real time until the experiment is finished.
The second embodiment of the utility model provides a method for survey high moisture content dredged mud compressibility and permeability, including A group and two sets of parallel experiments of B group, the step is as follows:
s1, before the group A experiment begins, filling slurry with a certain water content in a Buchner funnel, sealing the Buchner funnel by using a sealing cover, setting a pressure threshold value of a pressure controller at a first-stage target value, closing a valve on a first rubber conduit connecting an acrylic model box and a water-vapor separation bottle, starting a vacuum pump to pump air in the water-vapor separation bottle until the pressure reading of the pressure controller reaches the first-stage target value, opening the valve on the first rubber conduit, pumping air in the slurry in the acrylic model box and the Buchner funnel, and discharging water in the slurry in the Buchner funnel into a glass beaker of the acrylic model box through a water discharge hole; after the slurry is drained at the first-stage target pressure for a certain time t1, closing a valve on a first rubber conduit connecting an acrylic model box and a water-vapor separation bottle, setting a pressure threshold of a pressure controller at a second-stage target value until a pressure reading of the pressure controller reaches the second-stage target value, opening the closed valve, after the slurry is drained at the second-stage target pressure for a certain time t2, closing the valve and setting the pressure threshold of the pressure controller at a third-stage target value, after the pressure reading of the pressure controller reaches the third-stage target value, opening the valve on the first rubber conduit, after the slurry is drained at the third-stage target pressure for a certain time t3, indicating that the group A experiment is completed, and closing a vacuum pump; then opening a pressure relief valve on the water-vapor separation bottle, connecting the whole system with the atmosphere at the moment, splitting the Buchner funnel and an acrylic model box when the reading of a vacuum meter is zero, counting data recorded in real time by an automatic counting electronic scale, and removing residual soil in the Buchner funnel and filtrate in a glass beaker for carrying out group B parallel experiments; in the experiment of group A, the values of the times t1, t2 and t3 should be strictly controlled so that the suspension mud still exists at the end of the whole experiment of group A;
s2. before the group B experiment is started, slurry with a certain water content is filled in a Buchner funnel, the Buchner funnel is sealed by using a sealing cover, a pressure threshold value of a pressure controller is set at a first-stage target value, a valve on a first rubber conduit connecting an acrylic model box and a water-vapor separation bottle is closed, a vacuum pump is started to pump air in the water-vapor separation bottle, the valve on the first rubber conduit is opened after the vacuum pump pumps air in the water-vapor separation bottle for a period of time and the pressure reading of the pressure controller reaches the first-stage target value, air in the slurry in the acrylic model box and the Buchner funnel is pumped, water in the slurry in the Buchner funnel is discharged into a beaker of the acrylic model box through a water discharge hole, the valve is closed after the slurry in the Buchner funnel does not seep filtrate and the reading of an automatic counting electronic scale does not change within 10 minutes, then setting the pressure threshold of the pressure controller at a second-stage target value, opening a valve on a first rubber conduit after the pressure reading of the pressure controller reaches the second-stage target value, continuously applying pressure to the whole system, closing the valve after the slurry in the Buchner funnel does not seep filtrate and the reading of the automatic counting electronic scale does not change within 10 minutes, then setting the pressure threshold of the pressure controller at a third-stage target value until the pressure reading of the pressure controller reaches the third-stage target value, opening the valve on the conduit, and after the reading of the automatic counting electronic scale does not change within 10 minutes, indicating that the group B experiment is completed, and closing the vacuum pump; then opening a pressure relief valve on the water-vapor separation bottle, connecting the whole system with the atmosphere at the moment, splitting the Buchner funnel and the acrylic model box when the reading of the vacuum meter is zero, counting data recorded in real time by the automatic counting electronic scale, and removing residual soil in the Buchner funnel and filtrate in the beaker for the next experiment;
s3, analyzing data obtained by the group A experiment and the group B experiment respectively;
a. the constitutive relation for linking the local filter cake specific resistance and the compressive stress is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000081
in the formula: alpha is the specific resistance of the local filter cake; alpha is alpha0The specific resistance of the local filter cake is in a zero stress state; psIs a compressive stress; paNormalized parameters for compressive stress; n is a response index of the specific resistance of the local filter cake caused by the compressive stress;
and an constitutive relation for linking the local solid holdup and the compressive stress, which is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000082
in the formula: epsilon is the local solid holdup; epsilon0Local solid holdup at zero stress; psIs a compressive stress; paNormalized parameters for compressive stress; beta is the response index of the local filter cake porosity caused by the compressive stress;
integrating in the whole filter cake range to respectively obtain the average specific resistance and solid content of the filter cake and the effective pressure drop delta P on the filter cakecThe relationship between the two is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000083
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000084
in the formula: alpha is alphaavThe specific resistance of the filter cake is uniform; alpha is alpha0Local filter cake specific resistance in a zero stress state; paNormalized parameters for compressive stress; delta PcIs the pressure drop over the filter cake; epsilonavAverage filter cake solids; epsilon0Local solid holdup at zero stress; n is a response index of the specific resistance of the local filter cake caused by the compressive stress; beta is the response index of the local filter cake porosity caused by the compressive stress;
b. through the change relation of the water yield with time in the experiment process of the group A, the change relation of the water yield with time can be differentiated, and then the change relation of the water yield with time can be obtained, and then through the relation (3.5), the concrete steps are as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000091
that is to say, the effective pressure drop delta P on the filter cake in the experimental processcRelationship with reciprocal of water discharge Rate (dt/dv) in equation (3.5)mThe water outlet rate is obtained by performing extrapolation fitting on the change relation of the water outlet rate along with time; p corresponds to the target pressure value, P, in three different phases1Corresponding to the first-stage target pressure value;
c. then according to the control equation of the filtering process, the following concrete steps are carried out:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000092
in the formula: alpha is alphaavThe specific resistance of the filter cake is uniform; delta PcIs the pressure drop over the filter cake; mu is the viscosity of the filtrate; rho is the density of the filtrate; s is the mass fraction of the solid phase in the slurry; m is the mass ratio of the dry filter cake to the wet filter cake; v is the cumulative filtrate volume per unit filter membrane area;
and will relate to the infinite average filter cake specific resistance alphaav,iSpecific resistance to average Filter cake alphaavThe relation of (1) is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000093
in the formula: alpha is alphaav,iIs an infinite average filter cake specific resistance; s is the mass fraction of the solid phase in the slurry; m is the mass ratio of the dry filter cake to the wet filter cake;
substituting equation (3.7) into equation (3.6) yields equation (3.8):
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000101
obtaining the infinite average filter cake specific resistance alphaav,iEffective pressure drop Δ P over filter cakecIn the formula (3.8), μ represents the viscosity of water; v is the cumulative filtrate volume per unit filter membrane area; rho and s represent the density of water and the solid mass fraction of the experimental slurry, respectively; m represents the mass ratio of the wet cake to the dry cake, as specified by equation (3.9) below:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000102
correlating it to the average cake solids;
d. through the change relation of the water yield along with the time in the experiment process of the group B, the water yield can be differentiated to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000103
And t + tmThe relationship between the two is drawn into a log-log relationship, so that the turning point of the filtration stage and the compression stage in the experimental process of the group B can be visually obtained from the graph, and the filtrate volume v discharged at the moment of the turning point can be obtainedt(ii) a Wherein t ismThe time required for forming a filter cake with the resistance value being the resistance thickness of the filter membrane is obtained by performing linear fitting on the relationship between t/v and then obtaining the slope and intercept of the fitted straight line, and then passing through the relation (3.10) as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000104
in the formula: a is the slope of a straight line obtained by linear fitting the relationship between t/v and v; v. ofmThe volume of filtrate per unit area of filter membrane produced when a filter cake equal to the resistance of the filter membrane is formed; v is the cumulative filtrate volume per unit filter membrane area;
vmand a can be represented by the formula tm=avm 2And tmCorrelating to obtain tmA specific numerical value;
e. the amount v of filtrate discharged at the moment of determining the turning pointtThen, the following expression can be used:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000111
determining the solid content of filter cake corresponding to the moment, wherein W in the formula (3.11)sRepresenting the net mass of the filtered mud, A and psRespectively representing the filtration area and the density of solids in the slurry;
f. determining the amount v of filtrate discharged at the moment of the turning pointtAnd the variation relation of the water yield with time in the B group experiment process can obtain the amount v of the filtrate seeped out in the compression stage under each stage of target pressurec,1,vc,2And vc,3Then, through the formula (3.12), the following is specified:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000112
the solid holdup corresponding to the end time of each stage of compression stage can be obtained, wherein omega0Represents the net solid volume of the compressed filter cake per unit filtration area;
g. the specific resistance alpha of the infinite average filter cake obtained by the experimentav,iEffective pressure drop Δ P over filter cakecThe relationship between the data is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000113
fitting is carried out to obtain corresponding fitting parameter alpha1,n1,Pa,1,α1,n1,Pa,1Respectively correspond to alpha0,n,Pa(ii) a N to be obtained subsequently1,Pa,1As a value of n, PaAn initial value of (1);
h. the P obtained above is reacted withaThe initial value of (a) and the experimentally obtained data of the solid holdup and the compressive stress corresponding to the end time of each stage of the compression stage are expressed by the following relational expression (3.2):
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000121
fitting is carried out to obtain corresponding fitting parameters epsilon0,β;
i. Fitting the obtained parameters n, Pa,ε0And β is substituted into the relation (3.4) as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000122
to obtain the average filter cake solids content and the effective pressure drop Δ P over the filter cakecThe relationship between;
j. i, the average filter cake solid content obtained in the step i and the effective pressure drop delta P on the filter cakecThe relationship between, applied to relation (3.9), is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000123
in the middle, the mass ratio of wet to dry filter cake and the effective pressure drop Δ P over the filter cake can be obtainedcThe relationship between;
k. combining the above-obtained mass ratio of wet filter cake to dry filter cake with the effective pressure drop Δ P over the filter cakecEffective pressure drop Δ P over filter cake from run-in and run-out experiments in group AcThe relationship with the reciprocal of the water discharge rate, and then by the relation (3.6), is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000131
the average specific resistance alpha of the filter cake can be obtainedavEffective pressure drop Δ P over filter cakecThe relationship between;
l. subjecting the average filter cake specific resistance alpha obtained in step kavEffective pressure drop Δ P over filter cakecThe relationship between them is expressed by the following relation (3.3):
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000132
fitting is carried out to obtain corresponding fitting parameter alpha0,n,Pa
m. subjecting the cake obtained in step c to an effective pressure drop Δ PcCorresponding infinite average filter cake specific resistance alphaav,iThe value of (d) is the same as the effective pressure drop Δ P over the filter cake obtained in step (l)cCorresponding average specific filter cake resistance alphaavIf the values of (A) and (B) satisfy the relation
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003247695650000133
The final constitutive parameters can be obtained, and the final fitting parameters are the alpha obtained in the step l and the step h0,n,Pa,ε0And beta, otherwise, if the relation is not satisfied, performing iterative loop on the step h-m until the average filter cake specific resistance obtained by respective calculation before and after iteration satisfies the relation.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, and the scope of the invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but rather the scope of the invention is intended to include equivalent technical means as would be understood by those skilled in the art from the inventive concepts.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides an indoor survey high moisture content dredged silt compressibility and permeable's device which characterized in that: the device comprises a Buchner funnel (1) which is hermetically inserted at the top of an acrylic model box (2), wherein a top opening of the Buchner funnel (1) is hermetically connected with a sealing cover, a drain board filter membrane (15) is arranged inside the Buchner funnel (1), the lower end of the Buchner funnel (1) extends into the acrylic model box (2), and a closed vacuum chamber is formed between the acrylic model box (2) and the Buchner funnel (1);
a vacuum meter (14) is arranged on the acrylic model box (2), an automatic counting electronic scale (3) is arranged in the acrylic model box (2), a glass beaker (4) is placed on the automatic counting electronic scale (3), and the glass beaker (4) is arranged below the Buchner funnel (1); the acrylic model box (2) is communicated with a water-vapor separation bottle (5) through a first rubber conduit (6), and a valve is arranged on the first rubber conduit (6); the water-vapor separation bottle (5) is connected with a vacuum pump (13) through a second rubber conduit (7); the water-vapor separation bottle (5) is connected with the pressure sensor (11) through the first PU pipe (8), the water-vapor separation bottle (5) is connected with the pressure control valve (12) through the second PU pipe (9), and the pressure sensor (11) and the pressure control valve (12) are respectively and electrically connected with the pressure controller (10); the water-vapor separation bottle (5) is provided with a pressure relief opening, and the pressure relief opening is provided with a pressure relief valve.
CN202023015550.0U 2020-12-15 2020-12-15 Device for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged sludge with high water content indoors Expired - Fee Related CN214844662U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112504939A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-03-16 浙江工业大学 Device and method for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged mud with high water content

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112504939A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-03-16 浙江工业大学 Device and method for measuring compressibility and permeability of dredged mud with high water content
CN112504939B (en) * 2020-12-15 2024-07-19 浙江工业大学 Device and method for measuring compressibility and permeability of high-water-content dredging mud

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