CN214768980U - Main shaft structure of drilling and milling center machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a main shaft structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool, which comprises a main shaft, a main shaft sleeve and a matching component, wherein the main shaft is arranged inside the main shaft sleeve, and the matching component is arranged between the main shaft and the main shaft sleeve; the matching assembly comprises a double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing, a two-way angular contact thrust ball bearing and a spacer bush group, the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing is nested at the tail end of the main shaft, the two-way angular contact thrust ball bearing is nested in the middle of the main shaft, the spacer bush group is arranged on the periphery of the main shaft, and two ends of the spacer bush group are respectively closely attached to the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing and the two-way angular contact thrust ball bearing. The invention realizes and solves the problems of axial resistance and radial stress by adopting a method of using the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing and the bidirectional angular contact thrust ball bearing in a matched manner.

Description

Main shaft structure of drilling and milling center machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a lathe field, concretely relates to brill mills central lathe main shaft.

Background

With the adjustment of industrial technology, the market has higher requirements on the performance of machine tools (such as turning and milling compound centers). At present, drilling and milling centers on the market mainly adopt two structural forms of a drilling machine main shaft or a machining center main shaft. The milling efficiency of a main shaft of a drilling machine is low, the milling flatness is poor, and the market requirement cannot be met; the milling precision of a main shaft of a machining center is high, but the resistance bearing capacity of the main shaft is poor, the main shaft adopts synchronous belt transmission, the torque is small, the milling and drilling efficiency is low, the precision of the main shaft is reduced after the main shaft is used for a long time, and the precision of a machine tool is directly influenced. The invention solves the problem of radial stress of the main shaft during milling, has the resistance bearing capacity of the main shaft during drilling, meets the market demand, and becomes the mainstream structure of the drilling and milling center later.

The existing main shaft of a drilling machine is provided with only a disc double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing at the front bearing of the main shaft and a thrust ball bearing at the back, and the main shaft has extremely strong bearing resistance capability but weak radial force bearing capability, namely insufficient radial rigidity. When the machine tool performs surface milling operation, the problems of poor planeness of a processed workpiece, large tool receiving and the like do not meet the requirements of comprehensive capability and processing precision of the machine tool in the current market; according to the existing machining center spindle structure, a spindle is mounted in a back-to-back mode through four-disc angular contact bearings, an outer ring of each angular contact ball bearing is attached to a spindle sleeve, and an inner ring of each angular contact ball bearing is attached to a lock nut through a spacer bush. The main shaft sleeve and the locking nut bear resistance force in the machining process together. Because angular contact ball bearings have limited axial resistance bearing capacity, the construction limits the ability to be drilled. Therefore, the drilling and milling center for installing the main shaft is a low-precision machining center, is suitable for milling functions, and is weak in drilling and milling capacity.

A main shaft structure is needed, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of strong radial force bearing capacity and certain drilling capacity.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model relates to a solve among the prior art drilling machine main shaft front bearing only a set biserial radial cylinder roller bearing, install at the back thrust ball bearing, this main shaft bears the resistance ability extremely strong, but radial force bearing capacity is weak, unsuitable milling and machining center main shaft adopts four dish angle contact bearing back to back mounting means, because bearing resistance bearing capacity is limited, the machining capacity has been injectd to the main shaft structure, so this main shaft is applicable to the milling function, the problem of unsuitable drilling, a drilling and milling center machine tool main shaft structure is provided, adopt the method that the cooperation used biserial radial cylinder roller bearing and two-way thrust angular contact ball bearing, realized and solved axial resistance and radial atress problem.

The utility model provides a main shaft structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool, which comprises a main shaft, a main shaft sleeve and a matching component, wherein the main shaft is arranged inside the main shaft sleeve, and the matching component is arranged between the main shaft and the main shaft sleeve; the matching assembly comprises a double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing, a two-way thrust angular contact ball bearing, a spacer sleeve group, a third spacer sleeve, a deep groove ball bearing, an oil retainer ring and a second locking nut, the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing is nested at the tail end of the spindle, the two-way thrust angular contact ball bearing is nested in the middle of the spindle, the spacer sleeve group is arranged on the periphery of the spindle, two ends of the spacer sleeve group are respectively closely attached to the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing and the two-way thrust angular contact ball bearing, the third spacer sleeve is arranged on the free side of the two-way thrust angular contact ball bearing on the periphery of the spindle, the deep groove ball bearing is arranged on the outer side of the third spacer sleeve on the periphery of the spindle, the oil retainer ring is arranged on the free side of the deep groove ball bearing, the inner diameter of the oil retainer ring is closely attached to the spindle sleeve end face, the outer diameter of the oil retainer ring is larger than an end hole of the spindle sleeve, and the second locking nut is arranged on the right side of the oil retainer ring and locks the spindle.

The utility model discloses a bore milling center lathe main shaft structure, as an preferred mode, the main shaft includes main shaft body, pull rod, belleville spring, uide bushing, first lock nut and encoder, and the main shaft body is for having the axle of through axial shoulder hole, and the pull rod sets up inside the main shaft body, and belleville spring sets up in the nested pull rod of the inside shoulder hole terminal surface of main shaft body, and uide bushing, lock nut and encoder set up respectively in the interior side contact belleville spring of pull rod head end uide bushing.

The utility model discloses a bore milling center lathe main shaft structure, as an preferred mode, the main shaft body includes first axis body, the second shaft body, first step hole, second step hole and third step hole, first axis body and second axis body are the cylinder structure, first axis body, the second shaft body, first step hole, second step hole and third step hole coaxial line set up, first axis body sets up in second shaft body one end, first axis body diameter is greater than second axis body diameter, first axis body length is less than second axis body length, first step hole, second step hole and third step hole set up in first axis body and the internal portion of second shaft, first step hole diameter and third step hole diameter are greater than second step hole diameter, third step hole sets up in second axis body one end, first step hole sets up in first axis body one end.

The utility model discloses a brill mills central lathe main shaft structure, as an preferred mode, the pull rod includes pull rod tip and pull rod pole portion, and pull rod pole portion are the cylinder structure, and pull rod tip and pull rod pole portion collineation set up, and the pull rod tip sets up in pull rod pole portion one end, and pull rod tip diameter is greater than pull rod pole portion, and the pull rod tip sets up in the third step hole, and the pull rod tip is third step hole ladder face with third step hole aperture radial faying face.

The utility model discloses a brill mills central lathe main shaft structure, as an preferred mode, spacer group includes first spacer and second spacer, and first spacer diameter is less than the second spacer, and first spacer sets up in the main shaft outside, and the second spacer sets up in the main shaft cover inboard, and the second spacer sets up in first spacer periphery, and the axial position of first spacer and second spacer is the same.

The utility model discloses a brill mills central lathe main shaft structure, as an optimal mode, main shaft sleeve length is less than main shaft length.

Firstly, all parts are cleaned, then the main shaft is inverted on an installation platform, the double-row centripetal cylindrical roller bearing is installed on the main shaft, a certain force is axially applied to the double-row centripetal cylindrical roller bearing, so that the main bearing is in a micro interference state, and the end surface clearance between the bearing and the main shaft is measured. And (3) grinding according to the measured value to adjust the thickness of the pad, taking out the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing, installing the adjusting pad on the main shaft, and then installing the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing again. After the inner spacer and the outer spacer are installed on the main shaft, the bidirectional thrust angular contact ball bearing is installed on the main shaft. At this time, the spindle sleeve is mounted on the spindle, the gland is mounted, and the spindle sleeve is locked by the screw. And after the gland is installed, installing the gland on the main shaft, then installing the deep groove ball bearing, then installing the main shaft oil retainer again, and installing the main shaft locking nut. And checking the main shaft to be in positive pendulum by using a detection rod, adjusting a locking nut to enable the main shaft to rotate and jump to a value meeting the design requirement, and then locking the main shaft. And after the main shaft is installed, installing a broach mechanism. The pull rod is installed into a main shaft inner hole from a main shaft taper hole end, then a main shaft disc spring and a main shaft guide sleeve are installed, then a main shaft is installed, the tool bit amount is debugged and taken in and out, the purpose that the tool is freely loosened and clamped is achieved, and finally a main shaft locking nut is locked. The mounted spindle is mounted on the spindle box in the next step.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect as follows:

(1) the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing and the bidirectional angular contact thrust ball bearing are matched for use, so that the radial force bearing capacity is strong and a certain drilling capacity is realized;

(2) the distance between the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing and the bidirectional thrust angular contact ball bearing is increased through the inner spacer bush and the outer spacer bush, the radial rigidity of the main shaft is increased, and the problem of large-torque cutting is solved;

(3) the main shaft structure is suitable for machine tools with central water outlet and non-central water outlet.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spindle of a drilling and milling center machine tool;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a spindle structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spindle structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spindle body of a spindle structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spindle structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spacer group of a spindle structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool.

Reference numerals:

1. a main shaft; 11. a main shaft body; 111. a first shaft body; 112. a second shaft body; 113. a first stepped hole; 114. a second stepped bore; 115. a third stepped bore; 12. a pull rod; 121. a pull rod end; 122. a pull rod part; 13. a disc spring; 14. a guide sleeve; 15. a first lock nut; 16. an encoder; 2. a main shaft sleeve; 3. a mating component; 31. a double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing; 32. a bidirectional thrust angular contact ball bearing; 33. a spacer group; 331. a first spacer sleeve; 332. a second spacer sleeve; 34. a third spacer sleeve; 35. a deep groove ball bearing; 36. an oil slinger; 37. and a second lock nut.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a main shaft structure of a drilling and milling center machine tool comprises a main shaft 1, a main shaft sleeve 2 and a matching component 3, wherein the main shaft 1 is arranged inside the main shaft sleeve 2, and the matching component 3 is arranged between the main shaft 1 and the main shaft sleeve 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the fitting assembly 3 includes a double-row angular contact ball bearing 31, a double-direction thrust ball bearing 32, a spacer group 33, a third spacer 34, a deep groove ball bearing 35, an oil scraper ring 36 and a second lock nut 37, the double-row angular contact ball bearing 31 is nested at the tail end of the main shaft 1, the double-direction thrust ball bearing 32 is nested in the middle of the main shaft 1, the spacer group 33 is disposed at the outer periphery of the main shaft 1, and two ends of the spacer group 33 are respectively closely attached to the double-row angular contact ball bearing 31 and the double-direction thrust ball bearing 32. The third spacer 34 is arranged on the free side of the bidirectional thrust angular contact ball bearing 32 on the periphery of the main shaft 1, the deep groove ball bearing 35 is arranged on the outer side of the third spacer 34 on the periphery of the main shaft 1, the oil retainer 36 is arranged on the free side of the deep groove ball bearing 35, the inner diameter of the oil retainer 36 is closely attached to the main shaft 1, the annular surface of the oil retainer 36 is closely attached to the end surface of the main shaft sleeve 2, the outer diameter of the oil retainer 36 is larger than the end hole of the main shaft sleeve 2, and the second locking nut 37 is arranged on the oil retainer 36 from the right side and locks the main shaft 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the spindle 1 includes a spindle body 11, a pull rod 12, a disk spring 13, a guide sleeve 14, a first lock nut 15 and an encoder 16, the spindle body 11 is a shaft with a through axial stepped hole, the pull rod 12 is disposed inside the spindle body 11, the disk spring 13 is disposed inside the spindle body 11 and is nested in the pull rod 12 at the end face of the stepped hole, and the guide sleeve 14, the lock nut and the encoder 16 are respectively disposed on the inner side face of the guide sleeve 14 at the head end of the pull rod 12 and contact with the disk spring 13.

As shown in fig. 4, the main shaft body 11 includes a first shaft body 111, a second shaft body 112, a first stepped hole 113, a second stepped hole 114 and a third stepped hole 115, the first shaft body 111 and the second shaft body 112 are cylindrical structures, the first shaft body 111, the second shaft body 112, the first stepped hole 113, the second stepped hole 114 and the third stepped hole 115 are coaxially disposed, the first shaft body 111 is disposed at one end of the second shaft body 112, the diameter of the first shaft body 111 is greater than that of the second shaft body 112, the length of the first shaft body 111 is less than that of the second shaft body 112, the first stepped hole 113, the second stepped hole 114 and the third stepped hole 115 are disposed inside the first shaft body 111 and the second shaft body 112, the diameter of the first stepped hole 113 and the diameter of the third stepped hole 115 are greater than that of the second stepped hole 114, the third stepped hole 115 is disposed at one end of the second shaft body 112, and the first stepped hole 113 is disposed at one end of the first shaft body 111.

As shown in fig. 5, the pull rod 12 includes a pull rod end portion 121 and a pull rod portion 122, the pull rod portion 122 and the pull rod portion 122 are both cylindrical structures, the pull rod end portion 121 and the pull rod portion 122 are arranged in a collinear manner, the pull rod end portion 121 is arranged at one end of the pull rod portion 122, the diameter of the pull rod end portion 121 is larger than that of the pull rod portion 122, the pull rod end portion 121 is arranged in the third stepped hole 115, and a radial combining surface of the pull rod end portion 121 and the third stepped hole 115 is a stepped surface of the third stepped hole 115.

As shown in fig. 6, the spacer group 33 includes a first spacer 331 and a second spacer 332, the first spacer 331 is smaller in diameter than the second spacer 332, the first spacer 331 is disposed on the outer side of the spindle 1, the second spacer 332 is disposed on the inner side of the spindle cover 2, the second spacer 332 is disposed on the outer periphery of the first spacer 331, and the axial positions of the first spacer 331 and the second spacer 332 are the same.

The length of the main shaft sleeve 2 is less than that of the main shaft 1.

According to the machining characteristics of the numerical control drilling and milling, the machine tool spindle is designed in a targeted manner, so that the drilling and milling functions are met, the good precision retentivity is required, and the decisive effect is achieved on the improvement of the precision retentivity of the machine tool in the numerical control drilling and milling center.

The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a bore milling center lathe main shaft structure which characterized in that: the spindle comprises a spindle (1), a spindle sleeve (2) and a matching component (3), wherein the spindle (1) is arranged in the spindle sleeve (2), and the matching component (3) is arranged between the spindle (1) and the spindle sleeve (2); the matching component (3) comprises a double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing (31), a two-way angular contact thrust ball bearing (32), a spacer group (33), a third spacer (34), a deep groove ball bearing (35), an oil retainer (36) and a second locking nut (37), the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing (31) is nested at the tail end of the main shaft (1), the two-way angular contact thrust ball bearing (32) is nested at the middle part of the main shaft (1), the spacer group (33) is arranged at the periphery of the main shaft (1), two ends of the spacer group (33) are respectively closely attached to the double-row radial cylindrical roller bearing (31) and the two-way angular contact thrust ball bearing (32), the third spacer (34) is arranged at the periphery of the main shaft (1) and at the free side of the two-way angular contact thrust ball bearing (32), the deep groove ball bearing (35) is arranged at the outer side of the third spacer (34) at the periphery of the main shaft (1), the oil retainer ring (36) is arranged on the free side of the deep groove ball bearing (35), the inner diameter of the oil retainer ring (36) is closely attached to the spindle (1), the ring surface of the oil retainer ring (36) is closely attached to the end surface of the spindle sleeve (2), the outer diameter of the oil retainer ring (36) is larger than the end hole of the spindle sleeve (2), and the second locking nut (37) is arranged on the oil retainer ring (36) from the right side and locks the spindle (1).

2. The main shaft structure of the drilling and milling center machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: main shaft (1) includes main shaft body (11), pull rod (12), belleville spring (13), uide bushing (14), first lock nut (15) and encoder (16), main shaft body (11) is for having the axle of through axial shoulder hole, pull rod (12) set up in inside main shaft body (11), belleville spring (13) set up in main shaft body (11) inside shoulder hole terminal surface is nested pull rod (12), uide bushing (14) lock nut with encoder (16) set up respectively in pull rod (12) head end, uide bushing (14) medial surface contact belleville spring (13).

3. The main shaft structure of the drilling and milling center machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: the main shaft body (11) comprises a first shaft body (111), a second shaft body (112), a first stepped hole (113), a second stepped hole (114) and a third stepped hole (115), the first shaft body (111) and the second shaft body (112) are of cylindrical structures, the first shaft body (111), the second shaft body (112), the first stepped hole (113), the second stepped hole (114) and the third stepped hole (115) are coaxially arranged, the first shaft body (111) is arranged at one end of the second shaft body (112), the diameter of the first shaft body (111) is larger than that of the second shaft body (112), the length of the first shaft body (111) is smaller than that of the second shaft body (112), and the first stepped hole (113), the second stepped hole (114) and the third stepped hole (115) are arranged inside the first shaft body (111) and the second shaft body (112), the diameter of the first stepped hole (113) and the diameter of the third stepped hole (115) are larger than the diameter of the second stepped hole (114), the third stepped hole (115) is arranged at one end of the second shaft body (112), and the first stepped hole (113) is arranged at one end of the first shaft body (111).

4. The main shaft structure of the drilling and milling center machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pull rod (12) comprises a pull rod end part (121) and a pull rod part (122), the pull rod part (122) and the pull rod part (122) are of a cylindrical structure, the pull rod end part (121) and the pull rod part (122) are arranged in a collinear mode, the pull rod end part (121) is arranged at one end of the pull rod part (122), the diameter of the pull rod end part (121) is larger than that of the pull rod part (122), the pull rod end part (121) is arranged in the third stepped hole (115), and the radial combining surface of the pull rod end part (121) and the third stepped hole (115) is the stepped surface of the third stepped hole (115).

5. The main shaft structure of the drilling and milling center machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spacer group (33) comprises a first spacer bush (331) and a second spacer bush (332), the diameter of the first spacer bush (331) is smaller than that of the second spacer bush (332), the first spacer bush (331) is arranged on the outer side of the spindle (1), the second spacer bush (332) is arranged on the inner side of the spindle bush (2), the second spacer bush (332) is arranged on the periphery of the first spacer bush (331), and the axial positions of the first spacer bush (331) and the second spacer bush (332) are the same.

6. The main shaft structure of the drilling and milling center machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the main shaft sleeve (2) is less than that of the main shaft (1).

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