CN214728365U

CN214728365U - Harbor vehicle driving safety detection cushion and seat

Info

Publication number: CN214728365U
Application number: CN202120129976.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何晓宇; 方泽兴; 沈坚; 刘洪义; 张建团; 杨凯
Original assignee: Zhejiang Shuzhijiaoyuan Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Shuzhijiaoyuan Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-18
Filing date: 2021-01-18
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-18

Abstract

The application provides a cushion and a seat for detecting the driving safety of vehicles in harbor areas, wherein the cushion comprises a back cushion and a cushion, and the back cushion is arranged on the cushion; the cushion is provided with a controller, a communication device and a positioning device, the cushion is provided with a human body sensing device, and the cushion is provided with a pressure sensing device; the positioning device, the human body sensing device and the pressure sensing device are all connected with the communication device through the controller; the positioning device is used for acquiring geographical position information, the human body sensing device is used for acquiring human body sensing information which indicates whether a passenger is located in a preset distance of the back cushion, the pressure sensing device is used for acquiring a pressure value, and the controller is used for judging whether the passenger leaves the cushion in a preset working area and sending alarm information to the server through the communication device when the passenger leaves the cushion in the preset working area. Therefore, the accuracy rate of monitoring the getting-off behavior of passengers in the harbor district in the working area is improved.

Description

Harbor vehicle driving safety detection cushion and seat

Technical Field

The application relates to a port district safety control field particularly, relates to a port district vehicle driving safety detects and leans on cushion and seat.

Background

The safety supervision of truck-collecting vehicles and riding personnel in the harbor district is always an important content of the harbor district safety supervision. For vehicles, some dangerous areas exist in part of harbor areas to prohibit the vehicles from entering; for passengers, the port area storage yard has high stacking height and heavy weight, and particularly, the bulk and general storage yard has the risks of landslide, collapse and the like of goods. Although many port districts are out of range of many regulatory measures, such as prohibiting vehicles from entering a regulated danger zone; when the bulk and general cargo yard loads and unloads cargos by a truck, the truck passengers are prohibited to get off the truck to move, but the management regulation is difficult to be effectively implemented in the supervision implementation level. Therefore, at present, there is a problem that it is difficult to manage the prohibition of alighting of port occupants in the work area.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a harbor vehicle driving safety detection cushion and a seat, which are used for solving the problem that the management of the harbor vehicle passengers forbidding to get off the vehicle in a working area is difficult to implement at the present stage.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the application provides a seat cushion for detecting driving safety of vehicles in harbor areas, which comprises a back cushion and a seat cushion, wherein the back cushion is arranged on the seat cushion; the cushion is characterized in that a controller, a communication device and a positioning device are arranged on the cushion, a human body sensing device is arranged in the cushion, and a pressure sensing device is arranged in the cushion; the positioning device, the human body sensing device and the pressure sensing device are all connected with the communication device through the controller;

the utility model discloses a cushion, including cushion, positioner, human induction system, pressure sensing device, controller, pressure sensing device, communication device, positioner is used for acquireing geographical position information, human induction system is used for acquireing and shows whether the person of taking is located the human induction information in the predetermined distance of cushion, pressure sensing device is used for acquireing the pressure value, the controller is used for being based on geographical position information human induction information with the pressure value is judged whether the person of taking leaves in predetermined work area lean on the cushion, and the person of taking leaves in predetermined work area through during leaning on the cushion communication device sends alarm information to the server.

In the implementation process, the controller can be used for receiving human body sensing information detected by the human body sensing device and pressure values detected by the pressure sensing device, judging whether a passenger leaves a seat in a preset working area or not, and sending alarm information to the server through the communication device when the passenger leaves the seat in the preset working area. Therefore, whether the passengers leave the seats or not in the working area can be effectively monitored, and the problem that the management of forbidding the passengers to get off the seats in the working area in harbor areas is difficult to implement at present is solved.

Optionally, a timing device is further disposed in the backrest cushion, the timing device is configured to set a preset time interval, and the controller is configured to determine that the passenger leaves the backrest cushion in the preset work area when the human body sensing information and the pressure value in the time interval of the continuous preset number indicate that the passenger leaves the backrest cushion in the preset work area.

In the implementation process, the time interval can be preset through the timing device, and the human body sensing information and the pressure value on the cushion are detected for multiple times, so that the controller can synthesize multiple detection results to judge whether the passenger leaves the cushion in a preset working area, the detection accuracy is improved, and the probability of false alarm is reduced.

Optionally, when the control device determines that the passenger enters a preset no-pass area based on the geographic position information, alarm information is sent to the server through the communication device.

In the implementation process, the traffic prohibition area can be preset, and when the controller detects that the passenger enters the preset traffic prohibition area, the alarm information is sent to the server through the communication device. Therefore, vehicles where passengers are located can be prevented from entering a dangerous area, and safety of the passengers is guaranteed.

Optionally, the human body sensing device is an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor or a photosensitive sensor.

In the above-mentioned realization in-process, can detect the distance of taking personnel and cushion or detect the temperature information on the cushion based on predetermineeing the temperature threshold value through infrared sensor, can through ultrasonic ranging sensor detection target with the distance of cushion also can detect whether have the personnel to shelter from illumination on leaning on the cushion through photosensitive sensor to judge whether the personnel of taking leave the seat, richened detection means, improved the flexibility that detects.

Optionally, the pressure sensing device is a thin film pressure sensitive sensor.

In the implementation process, the pressure information on the cushion can be accurately detected through the film pressure-sensitive sensor, so that whether a passenger leaves the seat or not is detected, and the accuracy rate of the passenger leaving the seat detection is improved.

Optionally, the positioning device is a GPS locator or a beidou locator.

In the implementation process, the position of the vehicle where the passenger is located can be obtained through various locators, detection means are enriched, and detection flexibility is improved.

Optionally, the communication device is a 4G communication module or a 5G communication module.

In the implementation process, the alarm information can be sent to the server through the communication device, so that the server can inform relevant responsible persons to contact illegal vehicle riding personnel, the responsible persons immediately stop illegal behaviors, and safety accidents are avoided.

Optionally, when the human body sensing device is the infrared sensor, the human body sensing information is temperature information or a distance between a target and the back cushion detected by the infrared sensor, and the controller is configured to:

the geographical position information is located in a preset working area, a detected temperature value of the infrared sensor is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value and a preset pressure threshold value, or the distance detected by the infrared sensor is larger than a preset distance threshold value and the pressure value is smaller than the preset pressure threshold value, and when the passenger leaves the cushion in the preset working area, the passenger is determined.

In the implementation process, the distance between the passenger and the back cushion can be detected through the infrared sensor or the temperature information on the back cushion is detected based on the preset temperature threshold value, and the obtained pressure value is detected by matching with the pressure sensing device, so that the detection accuracy of whether the passenger leaves the seat or not is improved.

Optionally, when the human body sensing device is the ultrasonic ranging sensor, the human body sensing information is a distance between a target detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor and the back cushion, and the controller is configured to:

the geographic position information is located in a preset working area, the distance detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor is greater than a preset distance threshold value, and when the pressure value is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value, it is determined that the passenger leaves the cushion in the preset working area.

In the implementation process, the distance between the passenger and the back cushion can be determined based on the distance information on the preset distance threshold value detection back cushion through the ultrasonic ranging sensor, and the obtained pressure value is detected by matching with the pressure sensing device, so that the detection accuracy of whether the passenger leaves the seat is improved.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a seat, where the above-mentioned seat cushion is provided on the seat.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting driving safety of a vehicle in a harbor area, where the method includes:

acquiring the geographic information of the driver and passenger vehicle according to the positioning device;

acquiring human body induction information indicating whether a passenger is positioned within a preset distance of the back cushion according to the human body induction device;

acquiring a pressure value according to the pressure sensing device;

judging whether the passenger leaves the cushion in a preset working area or not according to the human body induction information and the pressure value;

and when the passenger is determined to leave the cushion in a preset working area, sending alarm information to a server through the communication device.

In the implementation process, the human body sensing information can be detected through the human body sensing device, the pressure value is detected through the pressure sensing device, whether a passenger leaves a seat in a preset working area or not is judged according to the human body sensing information and the pressure value, and when the passenger leaves the seat in the preset working area, the alarm information is sent to the server through the communication device. Therefore, whether the passengers leave the seats or not in the working area can be effectively monitored, and the problem that the management of forbidding the passengers to get off the seats in the working area in harbor areas is difficult to implement at present is solved.

Optionally, when it is determined that the passenger enters a preset no-pass area based on the geographic position information, alarm information is sent to the server.

In the implementation process, the traffic prohibition area can be preset, and when the situation that the passenger enters the preset traffic prohibition area is detected, alarm information is sent to the server. Therefore, vehicles where passengers are located can be prevented from entering a dangerous area, and safety of the passengers is guaranteed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a seat cushion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system server according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a method for detecting driving safety of a port vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

Icon: 10-leaning on the cushion; 101-cushion; 1011-a controller; 1012-a communication device; 1013-a positioning device; 1014-a pressure sensing device; 102-back cushion; 1021-a human body sensing device; 20-a system server; 201-electronic map module; 202-electronic fence module; 203-seat-off early warning module; 204-system management module.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a seat cushion 10 for detecting driving safety of a harbor vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

a cushion 102 and a seat cushion 101, wherein the cushion 102 is arranged on the seat cushion 101; the cushion 10 is provided with a controller 1011, a communication device 1012 and a positioning device 1013, the cushion 102 is provided with a human body sensing device 1021, and the cushion 101 is provided with a pressure sensing device 1014; the positioning device 1013, the human body sensing device 1021 and the pressure sensing device 1014 are all connected with the communication device 1012 through the controller 1011;

the positioning device 1013 is configured to obtain geographic position information, the human body sensing device 1021 is configured to obtain human body sensing information indicating whether a passenger is located within a preset distance of the backrest cushion 102, the pressure sensing device 1014 is configured to obtain a pressure value, and the controller 1011 is configured to determine whether the passenger leaves the backrest cushion 10 in a preset working area based on the geographic position information, the human body sensing information, and the pressure value, and send alarm information to a server through the communication device 1012 when the passenger leaves the backrest cushion 10 in the preset working area.

The passenger refers to a worker on the vehicle, i.e., a crew member, or a person who performs the crew member.

The controller 1011, the communication unit 1012, and the positioning unit 1013 may be provided on the seat cushion 101 or the back cushion 102.

As can be seen from this, the seat cushion 10 can receive the human body sensing information and the pressure values detected by the human body sensing device 1021 and the pressure sensing device 1014 through the controller 1011, determine whether the occupant is out of the seat in the preset working area, and send an alarm message to the server through the communication device 1012 when the occupant is out of the seat in the preset working area. Therefore, whether the passengers leave the seats or not in the working area can be effectively monitored, and the problem that the management of forbidding the passengers to get off the seats in the working area in harbor areas is difficult to implement at present is solved.

In addition, the seat cushion 10 may further include a timer device, the timer device is configured to set a preset time interval, and the controller 1011 is configured to determine that the occupant leaves the seat cushion 10 in the preset work area when the human body induction information and the pressure value in the time intervals of a preset number indicate that the occupant leaves the seat cushion 10 in the preset work area.

The timing device may be a frequency controller or an integrated timer.

Therefore, the time interval can be preset by the timing device, and the human body sensing information and the pressure value on the cushion 10 can be detected for multiple times, so that the controller 1011 can synthesize multiple detection results to judge whether the passenger leaves the cushion 10 in the preset working area, the detection accuracy is improved, and the probability of false alarm is reduced.

Illustratively, the controller 1011 may also be configured to:

and when the passenger enters a preset no-pass area based on the geographical position information, sending alarm information to the server through the communication device.

Therefore, a no-pass area can be preset in the digital map, and when the controller 1011 detects that the passenger enters the preset no-pass area, alarm information is sent to the server through the communication device 1012. Therefore, the vehicle where the passenger is located can be prevented from entering a dangerous area, and the safety of the passenger is ensured.

For example, the human body sensing device 1021 may be an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor, or a photosensitive sensor.

Among them, the temperature information of the occupant on the seat cushion 10 may be detected by an infrared sensor, and the distance between the occupant on the seat cushion 10 and the back cushion 102 may also be detected by an infrared sensor; the distance between the occupant on the seat cushion 10 and the back cushion 102 can be detected by an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, and whether the occupant blocks light can be detected by a photosensitive sensor on the seat cushion 10.

From this it can be seen that can detect the distance of taking personnel and cushion or detect the temperature information on the cushion based on predetermineeing the temperature threshold value through infrared ray sensor, can through ultrasonic ranging sensor detection target with the distance of cushion also can detect whether someone shelters from illumination on leaning on the cushion through photosensitive sensor to judge whether take personnel from the seat, richened detection means, improved the flexibility that detects.

Illustratively, the pressure sensing device 1014 may be a thin film pressure sensitive sensor, the thin film pressure sensitive sensor switch is composed of a plurality of sensors, each sensor is composed of a pressure sensitive resistor and a diaphragm, the pressure sensitive resistor and the diaphragm are located on the surface of the diaphragm, a plurality of resistors are connected around the diaphragm to form a bridge circuit, when the pressure changes, the resistance of the bridge circuit changes accordingly, so that the voltage across the bridge changes, and the voltage is amplified and converted into a signal through an amplifying circuit to be sent to the server.

Therefore, the pressure information on the cushion 10 can be accurately detected through the film pressure-sensitive sensor, so that whether the passenger leaves the seat or not can be detected, and the problem that the management of forbidding getting off in a working area for harbor passengers is difficult to implement at present is solved.

Additionally, the pressure sensing device 1014 may also be a bellows-type pressure sensor, a variable inductance pressure sensor, a switch-type pressure sensor, or a capacitive pressure sensor.

For example, the Positioning device 1013 may be a Global Positioning System (GPS) positioner or a beidou positioner, and may also be an LBS base station (Location Based Service) positioner.

Wherein, when the positioning device 1013 is a beidou locator, the sent geographic location information follows JT808 protocol.

Therefore, the positions of the vehicles where the passengers are located can be obtained through various locators, detection means are enriched, and detection flexibility is improved.

For example, the communication device 1012 may be a 4G communication module or a 5G communication module, in this embodiment, a MTK6261D chip is used to implement communication through a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), and high-performance dma (direct Memory access) hardware flow control is used to improve the data transmission speed and reduce the processing load.

For example, when the human body sensing device 1021 is the infrared sensor, the human body sensing information is temperature information detected by the infrared sensor or a distance between a target and the back pad 102, and the controller 1011 is configured to:

the geographical position information is located in the preset working area, the detected temperature value of the infrared sensor is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value and the pressure value is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value, or the distance detected by the infrared sensor is larger than a preset distance threshold value and the pressure value is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value, and when the passenger leaves the cushion 10 in the preset working area, the passenger is determined.

The infrared sensor can be a limited reflection type photoelectric sensor, the emitter and the receiver are arranged into a whole, the emitter emits light signals, the receiver receives light reflected by a detected target in a limited range, the photoelectric sensor is triggered to act, and a switch control signal is output.

In addition, the infrared sensor can also be an infrared temperature sensor, radiation is detected by a detection device in the infrared temperature sensor through the seebeck effect by utilizing the radiation heat effect, the temperature is raised after the device receives the radiation, and then the performance of the sensor with the temperature is changed, so that the temperature change value can be changed into electric quantity for measurement.

Therefore, the temperature information on the cushion 10 or the distance between the passenger and the cushion can be detected through the infrared sensor, so that whether the passenger leaves the seat or not can be detected, and the problem that the management of forbidding the passenger to get off in the working area of the harbor district is difficult to implement at present is solved.

For example, when the human body sensing device 1021 is the ultrasonic ranging sensor, the human body sensing information is a distance between a target detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor and the back cushion, and the controller 1011 may be configured to:

the geographical position information is located in the preset working area, and when the distance detected by the ultrasonic ranging sensor is greater than a preset distance threshold and the pressure value is smaller than a preset pressure threshold, it is determined that the passenger is away from the cushion 10 in the preset working area.

Therefore, the distance between the passenger and the back cushion can be detected through the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, whether the passenger is out of the seat or not is detected, and the problem that management of prohibition of getting off of the passenger in the harbor area in a working area is difficult to implement at present is solved.

It should be noted that the cushion 10 may be powered by a 12V lithium battery or may be powered by a vehicle.

Therefore, the power supply mode is enriched and the flexibility of the equipment is improved by adopting the battery power supply or the vehicle-mounted power supply.

Based on the same concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a seat, on which the above-mentioned seat cushion 10 is disposed.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system server 20 according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the system server 20 is used in conjunction with the seat cushion 10 to manage the prohibition of getting off of the vehicle by the vehicle occupant in the work area.

The system server 20 may include:

the electronic map module 201 is configured to view geographic position information of the cushion 10, monitor the cushion 10, and query a historical position track of the cushion 10.

And the electronic fence module 202 is used for setting a working area and inquiring information of the working area.

Leave a seat early warning module 203 for whether the control takes personnel to leave a seat and get off, through receiving alarm information or receipt lean on geographical position information, pressure information and the human response information of cushion 10 and judge whether take personnel leave a seat and get off, receiving alarm information or confirming take personnel leave a seat when getting off the vehicle in predetermined work area, inform security personnel and/or take personnel.

And the system management module 204 is used for managing the user information.

As described above, since the system server 20 can effectively monitor the passenger in cooperation with the seat cushion 10 and prevent the passenger from getting off the vehicle in the work area, it is possible to solve the problem that the management of prohibiting the vehicle from getting off the vehicle in the work area for the harbor passenger is difficult to implement at present.

The electronic map module 201 may call a public map Application Programming Interface (API) to display the position of the cushion 10 in real time by receiving the longitude and latitude coordinates of the cushion 10, the ID information of the cushion 10, the pressure information, and the human body sensing information.

The electronic fence module 202 can also be used to set a no-pass area and query the no-pass area for information.

The seat-off early warning module 203 can be further used for notifying safety personnel and/or the passengers when the passengers are detected to enter the no-pass area.

For example, the seat-leaving warning module 203 may further include a judgment sub-module, where the judgment sub-module is specifically configured to determine that the passenger leaves the cushion 10 in the preset working area when the human body sensing information and the pressure values received within the time interval of the continuous preset number both indicate that the passenger leaves the cushion 10 in the preset working area.

The determination sub-module may be configured to determine that the occupant leaves the seat cushion 10 in the preset working area when the human body sensing information and the pressure value received three consecutive times both indicate that the occupant leaves the seat cushion 10 in the preset working area.

Therefore, the passenger can be determined to leave the cushion 10 in the preset working area by receiving the human body induction information and the pressure value transmitted from the cushion 10 for many times through the preset time interval of the judgment submodule, the detection accuracy is improved, and the probability of false alarm is reduced.

In addition, due to the inevitable positioning error, the judgment sub-module can be further used for determining that the passengers enter the no-entry area and informing the security personnel and/or the passengers when the fact that the received geographic position information of the continuous preset number indicates that the passengers enter the preset no-entry area is detected.

It is worth mentioning that the system server can use a B/S system, wherein a three-layer architecture is adopted, which is a presentation layer, a service layer and a data access layer, and can collect data and realize data interaction through terminal equipment.

The B/S is Browser/Server, which refers to a Browser and a Server, special software does not need to be installed at a client, the operation can be executed through the Browser, and the special software does not need to be installed, so that the client is not required to be maintained, the system is easy to expand, and the management cost can be reduced.

The presentation layer provides an interface for interacting with a user in the system, and a manager can interact with the system through a terminal browser, wherein the interaction can be map display, position monitoring and historical track query; the business layer comprises two parts, namely a business process and a logic unit, wherein the business process is a main process for realizing business functions and system management and can comprise position monitoring reporting, alarming, fence management, single sign-on, network communication and authority setting, and the logic unit is a subunit for realizing the business process and can comprise position point coordinate management, a map engine and data encryption; the data access layer is used for storing and accessing various types of data of the system and can comprise a set-up spatial database and a business database.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a method for detecting driving safety of a port vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method may include:

in step S31, the geographic information of the riding vehicle is acquired according to the positioning device.

In step S32, human body sensing information indicating whether a passenger is located within a preset distance of the back pad is obtained according to the human body sensing device.

In step S33, a pressure value is obtained from the pressure sensing device.

In step S34, it is determined whether the occupant is away from the seat cushion in a preset working area according to the human body sensing information and the pressure value.

In step S35, when it is determined that the occupant is away from the seat cushion in a preset work area, a warning message is sent to a server via the communication device.

It should be understood that the reference numerals of steps S31-S35 do not indicate the order of the steps, and that several steps may be performed simultaneously in parallel in the implementation process.

Therefore, the human body sensing information can be detected through the human body sensing device, the pressure value is detected through the pressure sensing device, whether a passenger leaves a seat in a preset working area or not is judged according to the human body sensing information and the pressure value, and when the passenger leaves the seat in the preset working area, the alarm information is sent to the server through the communication device. Therefore, whether the passengers leave the seats or not in the working area can be effectively monitored, and the problem that the management of forbidding the passengers to get off the seats in the working area in harbor areas is difficult to implement at present is solved.

Therefore, vehicles where passengers are located can be prevented from entering a dangerous area, and safety of the passengers is guaranteed.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

In addition, units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

Furthermore, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

It should be noted that the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cushion for detecting the driving safety of vehicles in harbor areas is characterized by comprising a back cushion and a cushion, wherein the back cushion is arranged on the cushion; the cushion is characterized in that a controller, a communication device and a positioning device are arranged on the cushion, a human body sensing device is arranged in the cushion, and a pressure sensing device is arranged in the cushion; the positioning device, the human body sensing device and the pressure sensing device are all connected with the communication device through the controller;

2. A cushion according to claim 1, further comprising a timing device configured to set a predetermined time interval, wherein the controller is configured to determine that the occupant is leaving the cushion in the predetermined work area when the motion sensing information and the pressure values for a predetermined number of consecutive time intervals both indicate that the occupant is leaving the cushion in the predetermined work area.

3. A seat cushion according to claim 1, wherein the controller transmits an alarm message to the server via the communication device when it is determined that the occupant enters a preset no-pass area based on the geographical position information.

4. A seat cushion according to claim 1, wherein said body sensing means is an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor or a light sensitive sensor.

5. A seat cushion according to claim 1, wherein said pressure sensing means is a thin film pressure sensitive sensor.

6. A seat cushion according to claim 1, wherein said positioning means is a GPS or Beidou positioner.

7. A seat cushion according to claim 1, wherein said communication means is a 4G communication module or a 5G communication module.

8. A seat cushion according to claim 4, wherein when said human body sensing means is said infrared sensor, said human body sensing information is temperature information detected by said infrared sensor or a distance between a target and said seat cushion, said controller is configured to:

9. A seat cushion according to claim 4, wherein when the human body sensing device is the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, the human body sensing information is a distance between a target detected by the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor and the seat cushion, and the controller is configured to:

10. A seat characterised in that a seat back as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is provided on the seat.