CN214680991U - Yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system - Google Patents
Yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214680991U CN214680991U CN202023109792.6U CN202023109792U CN214680991U CN 214680991 U CN214680991 U CN 214680991U CN 202023109792 U CN202023109792 U CN 202023109792U CN 214680991 U CN214680991 U CN 214680991U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to yellow phosphorus tail gas utilization field specifically is a yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system. The deep purification system comprises a first-stage washing tower, a cyclone demister, a second-stage washing tower, a third-stage washing tower, a fourth-stage washing tower, an electric tar precipitator and an active carbon adsorption tower, wherein the first-stage washing tower, the cyclone demister, the second-stage washing tower, the third-stage washing tower, the fourth-stage washing tower, the electric tar precipitator and the active carbon adsorption tower are connected in series. The utility model solves the problem of eye movementThe former yellow phosphorus tail gas is purified and treated, and is used for the low utilization rate of CO resources, the quick corrosion of a boiler and the P in the purified tail gas in the power generation process2O5The content is still high, the tail gas resource utilization cost is high and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to yellow phosphorus tail gas utilization field, concretely relates to yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system and deep purification method for electricity generation.
Background
The utility model relates to an among the technical field, present technical situation is that yellow phosphorus production mainly adopts the electric heat method to prepare to phosphorus ore, silica, burnt butyl (or white coal) are the raw materials, react under the high temperature condition and generate simple substance phosphorus and the tail gas that is rich in CO. The tail gas contains about 85-90% of carbon monoxide (volume fraction), and also contains partial gases such as hydrogen fluoride, phosphorus, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide and the like, and acid rain can be formed after combustion, thereby seriously polluting the environment. The current application and treatment of the yellow phosphorus tail gas mainly focuses on the following processes:
(1) without treatment, the air is discharged after direct combustion, namely, the 'lighting sky lamp'. Generating large amounts of SO2Substances such as the like seriously pollute the environment and cause serious waste of CO resources;
(2) yellow phosphorus tail gas direct combustion and desulfurization and denitrification technology. The desulfurization and denitrification devices are arranged at the outlet end of the boiler, and purify the flue gas discharged after the combustion of the yellow phosphorus tail gas by the combustion device and the heat exchange of the boiler, namely, the flue gas is firstly subjected to the heat exchange of the boiler and then subjected to the traditional process of flue gas purification. However, the yellow phosphorus tail gas contains a large amount of acid gas, and when the traditional process is adopted, the heat exchange elements of the boiler are corroded by the acid substances in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, so that the damage is caused, the continuous and stable operation of the boiler is influenced, and great challenges are brought to the boiler form, the material anticorrosion technology and the like; meanwhile, the volume of sulfur-containing flue gas formed after the combustion of the yellow phosphorus tail gas is greatly increased compared with the volume of sulfur-containing flue gas before the combustion, so that the treatment capacity is large, the scale of treatment facilities is large, and the treatment cost is increased;
(3) dephosphorizing and desulfurizing the yellow phosphorus tail gas, and then burning to generate power to convert hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide into SO2Then remove SO2(for example, the Chinese utility model CN203196509U discloses a yellow phosphorus tail gas purification device). In the process, the yellow phosphorus tail gas is subjected to a dephosphorization procedure and a heating procedure is required to be carried out first, so that the waste of resources is caused; in addition, the problems that the volume of sulfur-containing flue gas formed after the combustion of the yellow phosphorus tail gas is greatly increased compared with that before the combustion, the treatment capacity is large, the scale of treatment facilities is large, and the treatment cost is increased still exist;
(4) the 'alkali washing and water washing' purifying process removes corrosive media such as dust, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, sulfur, phosphorus, fluorine and the like in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, and P in the purified tail gas parameters2O5Is 100-150mg/Nm3Meets the standard required by boiler and steam turbine power generation (such as a yellow phosphorus tail gas purification process for combustion power generation disclosed in Chinese patent application CN110813081A and a yellow phosphorus tail gas purification system disclosed in Chinese patent application CN 102274683A), but cannot meet the requirement of internal combustion engine power generationStandard required by a motor set (P in yellow phosphorus tail gas required to be purified by an internal combustion engine generator set)2O5≤80mg/Nm3Otherwise, the explosion phenomenon is easy to occur). Yellow phosphorus enterprises are mostly in small-scale production, and each 1 ton of yellow phosphorus is produced by 2500-3000 Nm3The yellow phosphorus tail gas. The internal combustion engine power generation is more suitable for the yellow phosphorus tail gas power generation by combining the actual conditions of yellow phosphorus production enterprises, the occupied area is small, the construction investment is small, and in addition, the adoption of a cluster station with medium single machine capacity has the characteristics of flexible scheduling, good starting performance and the like;
(5) the catalytic desulfurization and denitrification purification process of the prior art is complex in process and high in cost, and is difficult to be practically applied. The purpose of treating the tail gas by the process is to purify CO in the tail gas and use the CO as the raw material gas of the carbon-chemical industry, and only the chemical energy of the CO is utilized; meanwhile, the treatment cost of the process is far higher than the economic value of using the tail gas as fuel gas, and the process cannot be reasonably applied to the field of comprehensive utilization of heat energy of the yellow phosphorus tail gas.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system, this system have solved present yellow phosphorus tail gas clean-up and have been arranged in the CO resource utilization rate difference that exists among the power generation technology, boiler corrosion is fast, purify in the back tail gas P2O5The content is still high, the tail gas resource utilization cost is high and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
a yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system comprises a primary washing tower, a cyclone demister, a secondary washing tower, a tertiary washing tower, a quaternary washing tower, an electric tar precipitator and an active carbon adsorption tower;
the gas inlet of the first-stage washing tower is connected with the yellow phosphorus tail gas, the gas outlet of the first-stage washing tower is connected with the gas inlet of the cyclone demister, the gas outlet of the cyclone demister is connected with the gas inlet of the second-stage washing tower, the liquid outlet of the first-stage washing tower is connected with the liquid inlet of the lime milk circulating tank, and the lime milk circulating tank is connected with the spraying port of the first-stage washing tower through a first-stage washing pump; a liquid outlet of the cyclone demister is connected with a liquid inlet of the lime milk circulating tank;
the gas outlet of the second-stage washing tower is connected with the gas inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan, the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan is connected with the gas inlet of the third-stage washing tower, and the gas outlet of the third-stage washing tower is connected with the gas inlet of the fourth-stage washing tower; the liquid outlet of the second-stage washing tower is connected with the liquid inlet of the alkali liquor circulating tank, and the alkali liquor circulating tank is connected with the spraying port of the second-stage washing tower through a second-stage washing pump; a liquid inlet of the third-stage washing tower is connected with a liquid outlet of the sodium hypochlorite generator, a liquid outlet at the bottom of the third-stage washing tower is connected with a spraying port of the third-stage washing tower through a third-stage washing pump, a liquid inlet of the fourth-stage washing tower is connected with a liquid outlet of the sodium hypochlorite generator, and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the fourth-stage washing tower is connected with a spraying port of the fourth-stage washing tower through a fourth-stage washing pump;
the air outlet of the four-stage washing tower is connected with the air inlet of the electric tar precipitator, the air outlet of the electric tar precipitator is connected with the air inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower, and the air outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected with the internal combustion engine generator set or a torch chimney.
Further, the system still includes one-level tail gas water seal, second grade tail gas water seal, tertiary tail gas water seal, U type water seal, level four tail gas water seal and level five tail gas water seal, wherein:
the first-stage tail gas water seal and the second-stage tail gas water seal are arranged in front of the first-stage washing tower; the gas inlet of the first-stage tail gas water seal is connected with yellow phosphorus tail gas, and the gas outlet of the first-stage tail gas water seal is connected with the gas inlet of the first-stage washing tower; the other gas outlet of the first-stage tail gas water seal is connected with the gas inlet of the second-stage tail gas water seal, and the gas outlet of the second-stage tail gas water seal is connected with a torch chimney;
the third-stage tail gas water seal and the U-shaped water seal are arranged between the second-stage washing tower and the third-stage washing tower; the air inlet of the third-stage tail gas water seal is connected with the air outlet of the second-stage washing tower, the air outlet of the third-stage tail gas water seal is connected with the air inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan, the air outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan is connected with the air inlet of the U-shaped water seal, and the air outlet of the U-shaped water seal is connected with the air inlet of the third-stage washing tower; the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan is connected with the gas inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan by a bypass tail gas circulating pipe;
the four-stage tail gas water seal and the five-stage tail gas water seal are arranged behind the active carbon adsorption tower; the gas outlet of the active carbon adsorption tower is respectively connected with the gas inlets of the four-stage tail gas water seal and the five-stage tail gas water seal, the gas outlet of the four-stage tail gas water seal is connected with the internal combustion engine generator set, and the gas outlet of the five-stage tail gas water seal is connected with the torch chimney.
Still further, the system further comprises a lime milk preparation tank and/or a lye configuration tank, wherein:
the liquid outlet of the lime milk preparation tank is connected with the lime milk circulating tank, and the liquid outlet of the alkali liquor configuration tank is connected with the alkali liquor circulating tank.
The yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification method based on the system comprises the following steps:
1) the yellow phosphorus tail gas enters a primary washing tower through a primary tail gas water seal, when a system fails, a passage for the primary tail gas water seal to enter the primary washing tower is closed, and the yellow phosphorus tail gas is released to a torch chimney through a secondary tail gas water seal;
2) spraying and washing the yellow phosphorus tail gas by a first-stage washing tower, a second-stage washing tower, a third-stage washing tower and a fourth-stage washing tower, and allowing the yellow phosphorus tail gas to enter an electric tar precipitator, wherein the first-stage washing tower is subjected to alkali washing by lime cream, the second-stage washing tower is subjected to washing by a NaOH solution, and the third-stage washing tower and the fourth-stage washing tower are subjected to wet oxidation dephosphorization by using an oxidant solution;
3) the electric tar precipitator removes tar in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, then the yellow phosphorus tail gas enters an active carbon adsorption tower, and the yellow phosphorus tail gas adsorbed by the active carbon adsorption tower is sent to an internal combustion engine generator set; when the internal combustion engine generator set fails, the yellow phosphorus tail gas adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption tower is diffused to a torch chimney.
Preferably, in the step 2), the lime cream alkali washing adopts 10-20 wt% of Ca (OH)2The solution is NaOH solution with 20-60 wt%.
Preferably, in the step 2), the oxidant solution is one or more of hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite.
Preferably, the oxidant solution is a sodium hypochlorite solution, and the effective chloride ion concentration is more than or equal to 2 g/L.
The utility model discloses to current yellow phosphorus manufacturing enterprise's actual conditions of production, it is pointed to put forward multistage washingThe yellow phosphorus tail gas purification treatment process of washing, electric tar catching and active carbon adsorption ensures that the purified yellow phosphorus tail gas meets the power generation standard of an internal combustion engine (the internal combustion engine power generation unit has the requirements on a gas source of the gas, namely the gas is properly filtered, desulfurized, dephosphorized, defluorinated, gas-liquid separated and stabilized, and if the temperature is too high, the gas is cooled and has no liquid component, and the specific indexes are that the gas temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃, the gas pressure is 2-10 kPa, the gas pressure change rate is less than or equal to 1kPa/min, the hydrogen volume content is less than 10 percent, and the sigma S is less than or equal to 20mg/Nm3，ΣP≤35mg/Nm3，ΣAs≤10mg/Nm3，HF≤10mg/Nm3Water content less than or equal to 20mg/Nm3The particle size of the impurities is less than or equal to 5 mu m, and the content of the impurities is less than or equal to 30mg/Nm3The heat value of the fuel gas is required to be more than or equal to 5MJ/Nm3)。
The utility model discloses in:
(1) the technical route that yellow phosphorus tail gas is firstly desulfurized, dephosphorized and purified and then generated is adopted, and the content of sulfur, phosphorus and the like in the purified yellow phosphorus tail gas meets the power generation requirement of an internal combustion engine;
(2) the power generation is preferably in the mode of power generation of an internal combustion engine group by combining the actual conditions of yellow phosphorus production enterprises;
(3) the first-stage washing changes the traditional water washing into lime cream alkali washing, and adopts 10-20 wt% of Ca (OH)2The solution (preferably 12 wt%) is subjected to empty tower and circulating spraying, SO in the tail gas is efficiently removed2When acid impurities are in the process, F and partial CO in the tail gas are removed2And simultaneously, the dust removal effect can be considered. The number of spraying layers of the primary washing tower is designed according to the impurity condition in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, at least 2 layers are generally arranged, and the spraying directions are opposite to the flowing direction of the yellow phosphorus tail gas, namely reverse spraying is carried out;
(4) removing water foam in the yellow phosphorus tail gas after the primary washing by a cyclone demister, then entering secondary washing, and performing empty tower and circulating washing by adopting 20-60 wt% NaOH solution (preferably 40 wt%) in the secondary washing to remove H in the tail gas2S, HF and phosphorus. The number of spraying layers of the secondary washing tower is designed according to the impurity condition in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, at least 2 layers are generally arranged, and the spraying directions are opposite to the flowing direction of the yellow phosphorus tail gas, namely reverse spraying is carried out;
(5) pressurizing the yellow phosphorus tail gas after the two-stage alkali washing by a Roots blower, feeding the yellow phosphorus tail gas into a three-stage washing tower and a four-stage washing tower which are connected in series at two stages for absorbing and purifying a sodium hypochlorite solution, and removing residual H in the yellow phosphorus tail gas by utilizing the strong oxidizing property of sodium hypochlorite2S and H3And P. The third-level washing tower and the fourth-level washing tower are both of an empty tower structure, and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower is connected with a third-level washing pump and a fourth-level washing pump to circularly spray the yellow phosphorus tail gas. The sodium hypochlorite solution is generated by electrolyzing sodium chloride by a sodium hypochlorite generator, and the effective chloride ion concentration of the sodium hypochlorite generator is more than or equal to 2 g/L. The number of the spraying layers of the third-stage washing tower and the fourth-stage washing tower is designed according to the impurity condition in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, at least 2 layers are generally arranged, and the spraying directions are opposite to the flowing direction of the yellow phosphorus tail gas, namely reverse spraying is carried out;
(6) the internal combustion engine generator set has definite requirements on an application gas source, and the tar content is less than or equal to 50mg/Nm3In order to remove tar and ensure the normal operation of the generator set, the yellow phosphorus tail gas washed by the two-stage sodium hypochlorite solution in series enters an electric tar precipitator (the purification efficiency is more than or equal to 98 percent), and most of tar, residual dust and moisture in the tail gas are purified. The electric tar precipitator is provided with a protection program, and once the oxygen content in the tail gas is detected to reach 1.5%, an alarm signal is sent out, and when the oxygen content in the tail gas reaches 2%, the electric tar precipitator is powered off immediately, so that one element of 'open fire' in three elements of explosion is eliminated, and the tail gas is prevented from explosion accidents (the explosion range of carbon monoxide is 12% -74.2%). The electric tar precipitator adopts a high-efficiency honeycomb tower type structure and is explosion-proof;
(7) after alkaline washing, sodium hypochlorite absorption and electric tar precipitator purification, the sulfur phosphide, dust, tar and the like in the yellow phosphorus tail gas are basically treated completely, and finally the yellow phosphorus tail gas is adsorbed by an activated carbon adsorption tower, so that the air source requirement of the internal combustion engine can be completely met. After a certain time of operation, the active adsorption efficiency is reduced, and then the active adsorption can be regenerated by saturated steam;
(8) and a two-stage tail gas water seal device is arranged before the yellow phosphorus tail gas enters the first-stage washing tower, and the yellow phosphorus tail gas enters the first-stage washing tower through the first-stage tail gas water seal device. And the yellow phosphorus tail gas outlet pipeline is provided with flow, pressure, temperature and other detection instruments, and the height of the water seal is adjusted according to the pressure condition of the pressure gauge. An electric baffle door is arranged at the flue inlet of the primary washing tower, when the purification system fails, the electric baffle door is closed, and the yellow phosphorus tail gas is released to a torch chimney through a secondary tail gas water seal;
(9) the first-stage washing is provided with a lime milk preparation tank, and about 10-20 wt% of Ca (OH) is prepared by adding clear water through a liquid level meter in the tank2And (3) fully mixing and reacting the materials by a double-layer stirring paddle, and finally discharging the lime milk solution into a lime milk circulating tank by utilizing the height difference and carrying out spray washing by a primary washing pump. A liquid outlet is arranged at the lower part of the first-stage washing tower, and the washed lime emulsion is discharged into a lime emulsion circulating tank for recycling;
(10) the second-stage washing is provided with a sodium hydroxide solution preparation tank, clear water is added through a liquid level meter in the tank to prepare about 20-60 wt% of NaOH solution, the materials are fully mixed and reacted through a stirring paddle, finally, the sodium hydroxide solution is discharged into a circulating tank by utilizing the height difference, and a second-stage washing pump is provided for spraying and washing. A liquid outlet is arranged at the lower part of the second-stage washing tower, and the washed NaOH solution is discharged into an alkali liquor circulating tank for recycling;
(11) the front and the back of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan are respectively provided with a water seal system, a fan gas inlet is connected with a three-stage tail gas water seal gas outlet, and a fan gas outlet is connected with a U-shaped water seal. The pressure of the yellow phosphorus tail gas at the outlet of the tertiary tail gas water seal is lower, and the yellow phosphorus tail gas can be pressed into a U-shaped water seal by a yellow phosphorus tail gas fan;
(12) the gas inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan is provided with a regulating valve, the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan is provided with a pressure gauge, and the opening of the inlet regulating valve is regulated according to the pressure of the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan. In addition, a bypass pipeline provided with a back pressure valve is arranged on a gas inlet and outlet pipeline of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan;
(13) the three-stage washing tower and the four-stage washing tower are respectively provided with a three-stage washing pump and a four-stage washing pump for circulating spraying;
(14) the three-stage washing tower and the four-stage washing tower are respectively provided with a liquid level measuring instrument;
(15) a pressure gauge is arranged at a gas inlet of the electric tar precipitator;
(16) pressure gauges are arranged at the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower, and the four-stage tail gas water seal height is adjusted according to the outlet pressure gauge;
(17) the gas outlet of the active carbon adsorption tower is provided with a sampling port and a dispersion port;
(18) the gas outlet pipeline of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected with a four-stage tail gas water seal and a five-stage tail gas water seal, and when the internal combustion engine set normally works, the yellow phosphorus tail gas purified by the activated carbon adsorption tower enters the internal combustion engine set after being subjected to the four-stage tail gas water seal; when the internal combustion engine unit breaks down, the yellow phosphorus tail gas purified by the activated carbon adsorption tower enters a fifth-stage tail gas water seal after passing through a fourth-stage tail gas water seal, and then returns to a torch chimney. The gas outlet pipelines of the four-stage and five-stage tail gas water seal devices are respectively provided with a bleeding valve;
(19) the method adopts the combined operation of a basic load internal combustion engine generator set and a peak load regulation internal combustion engine generator set to deal with the fluctuation of the yellow phosphorus tail gas, and a flowmeter is added at the inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas to be used as a basic feedforward signal of the internal combustion engine generator set to carry out feedforward control so as to ensure the stable operation of the generator set.
(20) The yellow phosphorus tail gas dephosphorization adopts a wet oxidation dephosphorization process of two-stage sodium hypochlorite solution washing, the sodium hypochlorite solution is generated by electrolyzing sodium chloride by a sodium hypochlorite generator, and the effective chloride ion concentration of the sodium hypochlorite generator is more than or equal to 2 g/L;
(21) the two-stage alkaline washing and the two-stage sodium hypochlorite solution washing are both empty towers and reverse spraying;
(22) the oxidizing agent for wet oxidation dephosphorization comprises hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite and the like, wherein the sodium hypochlorite is preferred (the economic efficiency is the best);
(23) in order to overcome the resistance of a tail gas purification system and ensure that the yellow phosphorus furnace works in a micro-positive pressure state of about 10mm of water column, a supercharging link is designed, the supercharging link adopts a roots blower with better regulation performance and is matched with a variable-frequency speed regulator, the power frequency of the roots blower is regulated according to the tail gas pressure detected by a tail gas micro-negative pressure sensor, the rotating speed of the blower, namely the tail gas flow, is changed, and the yellow phosphorus furnace is ensured to be always in the micro-positive pressure state;
(24) performing tar removal treatment on the yellow phosphorus tail gas by using an electric tar precipitator;
(25) the active carbon adsorption tower is used as a final adsorption procedure to ensure that the purified tail gas completely meets the air source requirement of the internal combustion engine for power generation;
(26) the internal combustion engine has the advantage of high load response speed, the production of the yellow phosphorus furnace is monitored, the feedforward is added into a control system, the internal combustion engine is adjusted within the bearing range of the internal combustion engine, exceeds the bearing range of the internal combustion engine, and is diffused through the diffusing pipe. A basic load internal combustion engine generator set and a peak load regulating internal combustion engine generator set are adopted, and a corresponding cluster control system is added for linkage control. A boiler and a steam turbine power generation system can be adopted for the project with large tail gas quantity, and a buffer gas cabinet is required to be configured at the moment.
In this application, can set up parts such as flow, pressure, temperature, liquid level, valve, switch as required at the access & exit position of each part (for example water seal, scrubbing tower, pump, fan). All the components and control elements of the present invention are commercially available.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model discloses a CO resource utilization is high, can not corrode the boiler, P in the tail gas after the purification2O5The content is low, the tail gas resource utilization cost is low, the purified yellow phosphorus tail gas meets the standard required by power generation of a boiler and a steam turbine, and meanwhile meets the requirement of internal combustion engine power generation under more rigorous conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first part of the structure schematic diagram of the yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second part of the structure schematic diagram of the yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third part of the structure schematic diagram of the yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fourth part of the schematic structural view of the deep purification system for yellow phosphorus tail gas of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. primary tail gas water seal; 2. secondary tail gas water seal; 3. a first-stage washing tower; 4. a first-stage washing pump; 5. a lime milk circulation tank; 6. a lime milk preparation tank; 7. a cyclone demister; 8. a secondary washing tower; 9. a secondary washing pump; 10. an alkali liquor circulating tank; 11. an alkali liquor preparation tank; 12. tertiary tail gas water seal; 13. yellow phosphorus tail gas fan; 14. a U-shaped water seal; 15. a third stage washing tower; 16. a third stage washing pump; 17. an oxidant generator; 18. a fourth stage scrubber; 19. a four-stage washing pump; 20. an electrical tar precipitator; 21. an activated carbon adsorption tower; 22. fourth-stage tail gas water sealing; 23. and (5) water sealing of the five-stage tail gas.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Fig. 1-4 of the present invention are the partial diagrams of the system of the present invention, and the overall structure of the system is the schematic diagram of the present invention combining all the parts together.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system comprises a primary washing tower 3, a cyclone demister 7, a secondary washing tower 8, a tertiary washing tower 15, a quaternary washing tower 18, an electric tar precipitator 20 and an activated carbon adsorption tower 21;
the gas inlet of the first-stage washing tower 3 is connected with yellow phosphorus tail gas, the gas outlet of the first-stage washing tower 3 is connected with the gas inlet of the cyclone demister 7, the gas outlet of the cyclone demister 7 is connected with the gas inlet of the second-stage washing tower 8, the liquid outlet of the first-stage washing tower 3 is connected with the liquid inlet of the lime milk circulating tank 5, and the lime milk circulating tank 5 is connected with the spray opening of the first-stage washing tower 3 through the first-stage washing pump 4; a liquid outlet of the cyclone demister 7 is connected with a liquid inlet of the lime milk circulating tank 5;
the gas outlet of the second-stage washing tower 8 is connected with the gas inlet of a yellow phosphorus tail gas fan 13, the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan 13 is connected with the gas inlet of a third-stage washing tower 15, and the gas outlet of the third-stage washing tower 15 is connected with the gas inlet of a fourth-stage washing tower 18; a liquid outlet of the secondary washing tower 8 is connected with a liquid inlet of an alkali liquor circulating tank 10, and the alkali liquor circulating tank 10 is connected with a spraying port of the secondary washing tower 8 through a secondary washing pump 9; a liquid inlet of the third-stage washing tower 15 is connected with a liquid outlet of an oxidant generator 17, a liquid outlet at the bottom of the third-stage washing tower 15 is connected with a spray port of the third-stage washing tower 15 through a third-stage washing pump 16, a liquid inlet of the fourth-stage washing tower 18 is connected with a liquid outlet of the oxidant generator 17, and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the fourth-stage washing tower 18 is connected with a spray port of the fourth-stage washing tower 18 through a fourth-stage washing pump 19;
the air outlet of the four-stage washing tower 18 is connected with the air inlet of an electric tar precipitator 20, the air outlet of the electric tar precipitator 20 is connected with the air inlet of an activated carbon adsorption tower 21, and the air outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower 21 is connected with an internal combustion engine generator set or a torch chimney.
The system also comprises a first-level tail gas water seal 1, a second-level tail gas water seal 2, a third-level tail gas water seal 12, a U-shaped water seal 14, a fourth-level tail gas water seal 22 and a fifth-level tail gas water seal 23, wherein:
the primary tail gas water seal 1 and the secondary tail gas water seal 2 are arranged in front of the primary washing tower 3; the gas inlet of the primary tail gas water seal 1 is connected with yellow phosphorus tail gas, and the gas outlet of the primary tail gas water seal 1 is connected with the gas inlet of the primary washing tower 3; the other gas outlet of the first-stage tail gas water seal 1 is connected with the gas inlet of the second-stage tail gas water seal 2, and the gas outlet of the second-stage tail gas water seal 2 is connected with a torch chimney;
the tertiary tail gas water seal 12 and the U-shaped water seal 14 are arranged between the secondary washing tower 8 and the tertiary washing tower 15; the air inlet of the tertiary tail gas water seal 12 is connected with the air outlet of the secondary washing tower 8, the air outlet of the tertiary tail gas water seal 12 is connected with the air inlet of a yellow phosphorus tail gas fan 13, the air outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan 13 is connected with the air inlet of a U-shaped water seal 14, and the air outlet of the U-shaped water seal 14 is connected with the air inlet of a tertiary washing tower 15; the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan 13 is connected with the gas inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan 13 by a bypass pipeline tail gas circulating pipe, and the bypass pipeline is provided with a back pressure valve;
the four-stage tail gas water seal 22 and the five-stage tail gas water seal 23 are arranged behind the active carbon adsorption tower 21; the gas outlet of the active carbon adsorption tower 21 is respectively connected with the gas inlets of a four-stage tail gas water seal 22 and a five-stage tail gas water seal 23, the gas outlet of the four-stage tail gas water seal 22 is connected with an internal combustion engine generator set, and the gas outlet of the five-stage tail gas water seal 23 is connected with a torch chimney.
The system further comprises a lime milk preparation tank 6 and/or a lye configuration tank 11, wherein:
the liquid outlet of the lime milk preparation tank 6 is connected with the lime milk circulating tank 5, and the liquid outlet of the alkali liquor configuration tank 11 is connected with the alkali liquor circulating tank 10.
The number of the spraying layers of the first-stage washing tower, the second-stage washing tower, the third-stage washing tower and the fourth-stage washing tower is designed according to the impurity condition in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, at least 2 layers are generally arranged, and the spraying directions are all opposite to the flowing direction of the yellow phosphorus tail gas, namely, the spraying is carried out reversely.
And the yellow phosphorus tail gas outlet pipeline is provided with flow, pressure, temperature and other detection instruments, and the height of the water seal is adjusted according to the pressure condition of the pressure gauge.
The gas inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan is provided with a regulating valve, the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan is provided with a pressure gauge, and the opening of the inlet regulating valve is regulated according to the pressure of the gas outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan.
The three-stage washing tower and the four-stage washing tower are respectively provided with a liquid level measuring instrument; a pressure gauge is arranged at a gas inlet of the electric tar precipitator; and pressure gauges are arranged at the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower, and the four-stage tail gas water seal height is adjusted according to the outlet pressure gauge.
Example 2
The deep purification method of the yellow phosphorus tail gas by using the deep purification system of yellow phosphorus tail gas of embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
1) the yellow phosphorus tail gas enters a primary washing tower through a primary tail gas water seal, when a system fails, a passage for the primary tail gas water seal to enter the primary washing tower is closed, and the yellow phosphorus tail gas is released to a torch chimney through a secondary tail gas water seal;
2) spraying and washing the yellow phosphorus tail gas by a first-stage washing tower, a second-stage washing tower, a third-stage washing tower and a fourth-stage washing tower, and allowing the yellow phosphorus tail gas to enter an electric tar precipitator, wherein the first-stage washing tower is subjected to alkali washing by lime cream, the second-stage washing tower is subjected to washing by a NaOH solution, and the third-stage washing tower and the fourth-stage washing tower are subjected to wet oxidation dephosphorization by using an oxidant solution;
3) the electric tar precipitator removes tar in the yellow phosphorus tail gas, then the yellow phosphorus tail gas enters an active carbon adsorption tower, and the yellow phosphorus tail gas adsorbed by the active carbon adsorption tower is sent to an internal combustion engine generator set; when the internal combustion engine generator set fails, the yellow phosphorus tail gas adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption tower is diffused to a torch chimney.
The lime milk alkali wash adopts 10-20 wt% of Ca (OH)2Solution (preferably 12 wt%), NaOH solution caustic wash with 20-60 wt% (preferably 40 wt%) NaOH solution.
The oxidant solution is sodium hypochlorite solution, and the concentration of effective chloride ions is more than or equal to 2 g/L.
Adopt the utility model discloses can reach following effect:
(1) sigma S in the purified yellow phosphorus tail gas is less than or equal to 20mg/Nm3；
(2) Sigma P in the purified yellow phosphorus tail gas is less than or equal to 35mg/Nm3；
(3) The tar content in the purified yellow phosphorus tail gas is less than or equal to 50mg/Nm3；
The method can be realized by the upper and lower limit values of the interval of the technological parameters (such as temperature, time, absorbent concentration and the like) and the interval value, and the embodiments are not listed one by one.
Conventional technical knowledge in the field can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all of them shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system is characterized by comprising a first-stage washing tower (3), a cyclone demister (7), a second-stage washing tower (8), a third-stage washing tower (15), a fourth-stage washing tower (18), an electric tar precipitator (20) and an active carbon adsorption tower (21);
the gas inlet of the primary washing tower (3) is connected with yellow phosphorus tail gas, the gas outlet of the primary washing tower (3) is connected with the gas inlet of the cyclone demister (7), the gas outlet of the cyclone demister (7) is connected with the gas inlet of the secondary washing tower (8), the liquid outlet of the primary washing tower (3) is connected with the liquid inlet of the lime milk circulating tank (5), and the lime milk circulating tank (5) is connected with the spraying port of the primary washing tower (3) through the primary washing pump (4); a liquid outlet of the cyclone demister (7) is connected with a liquid inlet of the lime milk circulating tank (5);
the air outlet of the secondary washing tower (8) is connected with the air inlet of a yellow phosphorus tail gas fan (13), the air outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan (13) is connected with the air inlet of a tertiary washing tower (15), and the air outlet of the tertiary washing tower (15) is connected with the air inlet of a quaternary washing tower (18); a liquid outlet of the secondary washing tower (8) is connected with a liquid inlet of an alkali liquor circulating tank (10), and the alkali liquor circulating tank (10) is connected with a spraying port of the secondary washing tower (8) through a secondary washing pump (9); a liquid inlet of the third-stage washing tower (15) is connected with a liquid outlet of the oxidant generator (17), a liquid outlet at the bottom of the third-stage washing tower (15) is connected with a spray opening of the third-stage washing tower (15) through a third-stage washing pump (16), a liquid inlet of the fourth-stage washing tower (18) is connected with a liquid outlet of the oxidant generator (17), and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the fourth-stage washing tower (18) is connected with a spray opening of the fourth-stage washing tower (18) through a fourth-stage washing pump (19);
the air outlet of the four-stage washing tower (18) is connected with the air inlet of the electrical tar precipitator (20), the air outlet of the electrical tar precipitator (20) is connected with the air inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower (21), and the air outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower (21) is connected with an internal combustion engine generator set or a torch chimney.
2. The yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system according to claim 1, further comprising a first-stage tail gas water seal (1), a second-stage tail gas water seal (2), a third-stage tail gas water seal (12), a U-shaped water seal (14), a fourth-stage tail gas water seal (22) and a fifth-stage tail gas water seal (23), wherein:
the primary tail gas water seal (1) and the secondary tail gas water seal (2) are arranged in front of the primary washing tower (3); the gas inlet of the primary tail gas water seal (1) is connected with yellow phosphorus tail gas, and the gas outlet of the primary tail gas water seal (1) is connected with the gas inlet of the primary washing tower (3); the other gas outlet of the first-stage tail gas water seal (1) is connected with the gas inlet of the second-stage tail gas water seal (2), and the gas outlet of the second-stage tail gas water seal (2) is connected with a torch chimney;
the three-stage tail gas water seal (12) and the U-shaped water seal (14) are arranged between the second-stage washing tower (8) and the third-stage washing tower (15); the air inlet of the three-level tail gas water seal (12) is connected with the air outlet of the two-level washing tower (8), the air outlet of the three-level tail gas water seal (12) is connected with the air inlet of a yellow phosphorus tail gas fan (13), the air outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan (13) is connected with the air inlet of a U-shaped water seal (14), and the air outlet of the U-shaped water seal (14) is connected with the air inlet of a three-level washing tower (15); the air outlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan (13) is connected with the air inlet of the yellow phosphorus tail gas fan (13) by a bypass tail gas circulating pipe;
the four-stage tail gas water seal (22) and the five-stage tail gas water seal (23) are arranged behind the active carbon adsorption tower (21); the gas outlet of the active carbon adsorption tower (21) is respectively connected with the gas inlets of a four-stage tail gas water seal (22) and a five-stage tail gas water seal (23), the gas outlet of the four-stage tail gas water seal (22) is connected with an internal combustion engine generator set, and the gas outlet of the five-stage tail gas water seal (23) is connected with a torch chimney.
3. The deep purification system of yellow phosphorus tail gas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the system further comprises a lime milk preparation tank (6) and/or a lye configuration tank (11), wherein:
the liquid outlet of the lime milk preparation tank (6) is connected with the lime milk circulating tank (5), and the liquid outlet of the alkali liquor configuration tank (11) is connected with the alkali liquor circulating tank (10).
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| CN202023109792.6U CN214680991U (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system |
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| CN202023109792.6U CN214680991U (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Yellow phosphorus tail gas deep purification system |
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