CN214672702U

CN214672702U - Double ventilation device for fuel cell and fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN214672702U
Application number: CN202120572411.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋政通; 陶喜军; 傅红日; 唐生态; 查少平
Original assignee: Wuhan Troowin Power System Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Troowin Power System Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-19
Filing date: 2021-03-19
Publication date: 2021-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-19

Abstract

A dual breather and fuel cell for a fuel cell. The double ventilation device comprises a sweeping ventilation device and a ventilation device. The purging and air-changing device comprises a stack shell, a purging air inlet pipeline and a purging exhaust pipeline. The chamber of the stack housing is adapted to enclose a fuel cell stack; the air inlet outlet end of the purge air inlet pipeline is correspondingly communicated with the purge inlet of the stack shell, and the air inlet end of the purge air inlet pipeline is suitable for being communicated with an air supply system; the exhaust inlet end of the purging exhaust pipeline is correspondingly communicated with the purging outlet of the stack shell so as to purge and ventilate the chamber. The ventilation device comprises a system shell and at least one ventilation device. The compartment of the system housing is adapted to house the purge breather and the fuel cell power generation system; the at least one ventilation device is communicated with the chamber of the system shell and used for ventilating the chamber of the system shell under the action of the at least one ventilation device.

Description

Double ventilation device for fuel cell and fuel cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field especially relates to a two breather and fuel cell for fuel cell.

Background

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is used as a novel power source, has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, small environmental pollution, low working temperature, high response speed, high power density and the like, and is particularly suitable to be used as a power cell. At present, the method has a plurality of applications in the fields of new energy automobiles, distributed power stations, standby power supplies, airplanes and the like. For example, the fuel cell is an ideal power propulsion device for green ships as a clean power source, and can achieve high efficiency, zero emission and improvement of ship comfort when applied to ships.

In the existing fuel cell system, on one hand, in order to improve the protection level of the fuel cell, the fuel cell stack is generally required to be packaged in a closed shell, but when the fuel cell is operated, hydrogen and/or water vapor leak out of the stack, and as the operation time increases, the leaked hydrogen and/or water vapor can accumulate in the shell to form a great safety hazard; on the other hand, the whole fuel cell system is usually fixed in a relatively closed cabin, and pipelines and parts are needed to convey hydrogen from a gas cylinder to the fuel cell stack to participate in the reaction, and problems can be caused in the process of conveying the hydrogen: the hydrogen is easy to leak due to small molecular weight of the hydrogen or the small amount of the hydrogen is easy to leak due to sealing failure of parts, so that the problem of hydrogen gathering in the cabin is easy to generate, and further serious potential safety hazards are caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An advantage of the present invention is to provide a double ventilation device and a fuel cell for a fuel cell, which can eliminate the potential safety hazard of a fuel cell power generation system, and can help to ensure the reliable and stable operation of the fuel cell power generation system.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a dual ventilation device for a fuel cell and a fuel cell, wherein, in an embodiment of the present invention, the dual ventilation device can ventilate the stack casing and the system casing simultaneously, so as to discharge leakage or leaked hydrogen in time, thereby reducing safety risk.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a dual air interchanger and a fuel cell for a fuel cell, wherein, in an embodiment of the present invention, the dual air interchanger can enhance the effect of purging air, avoiding the formation of the purging dead angle.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a dual gas exchange device for a fuel cell and a fuel cell, wherein, in an embodiment of the present application, the dual gas exchange device can adopt a bottom-up purging mode, which facilitates sufficient discharge of hydrogen and water vapor out of a cavity of a stack case.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a dual ventilation device for a fuel cell and a fuel cell, wherein, in an embodiment of the present application, the dual ventilation device can monitor the hydrogen leakage of the fuel cell power generation system, so as to find out and eliminate potential safety hazards in time.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a dual air interchanger and a fuel cell for a fuel cell, wherein, in an embodiment of the present application, the dual air interchanger can guide the flowing direction of the gas entering from the purge inlet, prevent the gas from directly blowing to the fuel cell stack just right on the region of the purge inlet, avoid causing local temperature anomaly, and ensure the temperature uniformity of the fuel cell stack.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a dual ventilation device for a fuel cell and a fuel cell, wherein, in an embodiment of the present application, the dual ventilation device can realize active forced ventilation purging by adopting dual ventilation mode for the stack casing and the system casing, which helps to greatly reduce the safety risk and improve the operation stability and safety of the fuel cell.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a dual air interchanger and a fuel cell for a fuel cell, wherein in order to achieve the above object, expensive materials or complicated structures are not required to be employed in the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention successfully and effectively provides a solution that not only provides dual air changers and fuel cells for fuel cells, but also increases the utility and reliability of the dual air changers and fuel cells for fuel cells.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the foregoing and other objects and advantages can be achieved by a dual air interchanger for a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell includes a fuel cell power generation system, wherein the fuel cell power generation system includes at least one fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply system for supplying hydrogen to the at least one fuel cell stack, and an air supply system for supplying air to the at least one fuel cell stack, wherein the dual air interchanger includes:

a purge ventilation device, wherein the purge ventilation device comprises:

a stack housing, wherein the stack housing has a chamber, at least one purge inlet in communication with the chamber, and at least one purge outlet in communication with the chamber, and the chamber of the stack housing is adapted to enclose the at least one fuel cell stack;

a purge inlet line, wherein at least one inlet outlet end of the purge inlet line is in communication with the at least one purge inlet of the stack casing, and wherein an inlet end of the purge inlet line is adapted to be in communication with the air supply system for partially introducing air from the air supply system into the chamber; and

a purge exhaust line, wherein at least one exhaust inlet end of the purge exhaust line is correspondingly communicated with the at least one purge outlet of the stack casing, and is used for exhausting gas in the chamber from the chamber so as to purge and ventilate the chamber; and

a ventilation device, wherein the ventilation device comprises:

a system housing, wherein said system housing has a chamber, at least one vent inlet in communication with said chamber, and at least one vent outlet in communication with said chamber, wherein said chamber of said system housing is adapted to receive said purge air exchange device and the fuel cell power generation system; and

at least one ventilation device, wherein the at least one ventilation device is in communication with the compartment of the system housing for ventilating the compartment of the system housing under the action of the at least one ventilation device.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, ventilation device further includes a hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein hydrogen concentration sensor set up in the system housing, and be located the top in cabin is used for surveying hydrogen concentration in the cabin, wherein ventilation equipment is used for responding to via the hydrogen concentration that hydrogen concentration sensor surveyed reaches the early warning value, opens right system housing the ventilation in cabin.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation outlet of the system housing of the ventilation air-exchange device is located at an upper portion of the cabin, and the ventilation equipment is communicably provided at the ventilation outlet of the system housing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one ventilation inlet of the system housing of the ventilation air exchange device is implemented as two or more ventilation inlets, wherein the two or more ventilation inlets are evenly distributed in a lower portion of the system housing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation device further comprises at least one ventilation filter, wherein the at least one ventilation filter is correspondingly built in the at least one ventilation inlet of the system housing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one purge outlet of the stack casing of the purge ventilation device is located at an upper portion of the chamber of the stack casing, and the at least one purge inlet of the stack casing is located at a lower portion of the chamber of the stack casing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one purge inlet of the stack casing of the purge ventilation device is implemented as two or more purge inlets, wherein the two or more purge inlets are disposed at intervals on a bottom wall of the stack casing, and the inlet outlet end of the purge inlet pipeline is respectively communicated with the purge inlets of the stack casing in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet end of the purge air inlet line of the purge ventilation device is adapted to be communicated with an air delivery line of the air supply system between an intercooler and a humidifier of the air supply system, for partially introducing pressurized and cooled air from the air delivery line to the chamber of the stack case.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, sweep breather further includes a check valve, wherein the check valve set up correspondingly in sweep the exhaust pipe for allow gaseous via sweep the exhaust pipe outwards flow in order to flow the cavity, and block gaseous via sweep the exhaust pipe inwards flow in order to flow in the cavity.

According to another aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a fuel cell including:

a fuel cell power generation system, wherein the fuel cell power generation system comprises:

at least one fuel cell stack;

a hydrogen supply system for providing hydrogen to the at least one fuel cell stack; and

an air supply system for providing air to the at least one fuel cell stack; and

a dual air exchange device, wherein the dual air exchange device comprises:

a purge ventilation device, wherein the purge ventilation device comprises:

a stack housing, wherein the stack housing has a chamber, at least one purge inlet in communication with the chamber, and at least one purge outlet in communication with the chamber, and the chamber of the stack housing encloses the at least one fuel cell stack;

a purge inlet line, wherein at least one inlet outlet end of the purge inlet line is in communication with the at least one purge inlet of the stack casing, and an inlet end of the purge inlet line is in communication with the air supply system for partially introducing air from the air supply system into the chamber; and

a ventilation device, wherein the ventilation device comprises:

a system housing, wherein said system housing has a chamber, at least one vent inlet in communication with said chamber, and at least one vent outlet in communication with said chamber, wherein said chamber of said system housing houses said purge breather and said fuel cell power generation system; and

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the air supply system includes an air delivery pipeline in communication with the at least one fuel cell stack, and an air compressor, an intercooler, and a humidifier sequentially connected in series on the air delivery pipeline; wherein the inner diameter of the intake air inlet end of the purge intake line is embodied as 10 to 20% of the inner diameter of the pipe of the air delivery line at the connection with the intake air inlet end.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the air supply system further comprises a stop valve, wherein the stop valve is disposed in the air delivery line, and the stop valve is located between the intercooler and the intake inlet end of the purge intake line.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be fully apparent from the ensuing description and drawings.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a dual air exchange device for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows an example of the double ventilation device according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows an example of the purge ventilation device of the dual ventilation device according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a flow guide of the purging and ventilating device according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments described below are by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, as the terms are used in the description to indicate that the referenced device or element must have the specified orientation, be constructed and operated in the specified orientation, and not for the purpose of limitation.

In the present application, the terms "a" and "an" in the description should be understood as meaning "one or more", that is, one element may be present in one embodiment, and one element may be present in plural in another embodiment. The terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents are to be construed to mean that the elements are limited to only one element or group, unless otherwise indicated in the disclosure.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The fuel cell is used as a clean power energy source, can realize high efficiency, zero emission and improvement of ship comfort when being applied to a ship, is an ideal power propulsion device of a green ship, but the ship application faces various challenges of safety, reliability, cost, environmental adaptability and the like, particularly hydrogen safety. At present, a fuel cell stack for generating hydrogen-oxygen reaction in a fuel cell power generation system is usually packaged by adopting a closed shell, a small amount of hydrogen possibly permeates into the shell from the stack in the system operation process, and if the hydrogen cannot be discharged in time, great hydrogen safety hidden danger exists. Meanwhile, in a specific application scenario (such as application to vehicles such as ships or vehicles), a fuel cell power generation system is usually fixed in a relatively closed cabin, and hydrogen is transported from a gas cylinder to a galvanic pile, which inevitably needs to pass through pipelines and many parts, on one hand, permeation easily occurs due to the small molecular weight of hydrogen, and on the other hand, a problem of sealing failure of the parts may occur during use, so that a small amount of hydrogen leaks, and hydrogen is easily accumulated in the cabin, thereby causing a serious safety hazard. Based on this, in order to solve the above possible hydrogen safety problem, the present application designs a set of strict safety guarantee measures to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the fuel cell.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention generally includes a fuel cell power generation system 10, wherein the fuel cell power generation system 10 may include at least one fuel cell stack 11, a hydrogen supply system 12 for supplying hydrogen to the at least one fuel cell stack 11, and an air supply system 13 for supplying air to the at least one fuel cell stack 11. Thus, the fuel required for the reaction supplied via the hydrogen supply system 12 and the air supplied via the air supply system 13 participate in the reaction in the at least one fuel cell stack 11 to generate electricity.

In particular, since the at least one fuel cell stack 11 is enclosed in a sealed housing and the fuel cell power generation system 10 is integrally fixed in a relatively sealed cabin, which is prone to be focused by hydrogen permeation or leakage, and thus presents a great safety hazard, in order to solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the fuel cell 1 of the present application may further include a double ventilation device 20 for a fuel cell, wherein the double ventilation device 20 may include a purge ventilation device 21 and a ventilation device 22.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the purge ventilator 21 of the dual ventilator 20 may include a stack case 211, a purge inlet line 212, and a purge outlet line 213. The stack housing 211 may have a chamber 2110, at least one purge inlet 2111, and at least one purge outlet 2112, wherein the at least one purge inlet 2111 is in communication with the chamber 2110, and the at least one purge outlet 2112 is in communication with the chamber 2110; wherein the chamber 110 is adapted to enclose the at least one fuel cell stack 20 to increase the level of protection of the fuel cell 1. At least one inlet outlet end 2121 of the purge inlet line 212 is correspondingly communicated with the at least one purge inlet 2111 of the stack housing 211, and an inlet end 2122 of the purge inlet line 212 is adapted to be communicated with the air supply system 13 for partially introducing air from the air supply system 13 into the chamber 2110; at least one exhaust inlet end 2131 of the purge exhaust pipeline 213 is correspondingly communicated with the at least one purge outlet 2112 of the stack housing 211, and is used for exhausting the gas in the chamber 2110 so as to purge and ventilate the chamber 2110 and prevent the hydrogen and/or water vapor from accumulating to affect the safety performance of the fuel cell 1.

The ventilation air exchange device 22 of the dual air exchange device 20 may include a system housing 221 and at least one ventilation device 222. The system housing 221 has a chamber 2210, at least one ventilation inlet 2211 communicating with the chamber 2210, and at least one ventilation outlet 2212 communicating with the chamber 2210, wherein the chamber 2210 of the system housing is adapted to accommodate the purge breather 21 and the fuel cell power generation system 10. The at least one ventilator 222 is in communication with the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221, and is configured to ventilate the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221 under the action of the at least one ventilator 222.

It should be noted that, since the purge ventilation device 21 of the dual ventilation device 20 in the fuel cell 1 of the present application can purge and ventilate the chamber 2110 of the stack case 211 with the air supplied through the air supply system 13 to exhaust the hydrogen and/or water vapor accumulated in the chamber 2110 of the stack case 211; meanwhile, the ventilation air interchanger 22 of the dual air interchanger 20 in the fuel cell 1 of the present application can actively perform forced ventilation air interchange on the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221 to exhaust hydrogen gas accumulated in the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221, so that the fuel cell 1 of the present application can timely exhaust hydrogen gas leaked or leaked from the fuel cell stack 11 and the hydrogen gas supply system 12 out of the stack housing 211 and the system housing 221, avoiding the occurrence of hydrogen gas accumulation, and contributing to reducing the safety risk of the fuel cell 1.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the air supply system 13 of the fuel cell power generation system 10 of the fuel cell 1 of the present application may include an air delivery pipeline 130 communicated with the at least one fuel cell stack 11, and an air compressor 131, an intercooler 132, and a humidifier 133 sequentially connected in series on the air delivery pipeline 130, such that the air transmitted along the air delivery pipeline 130 is sequentially pressurized by the air compressor 131 and cooled by the intercooler 132, and then humidified by the humidifier 133 to be transmitted to the at least one fuel cell stack 11 for reaction. It is understood that the excess air is discharged through the fuel cell stack 11 to enter the humidifier 133 to humidify the pressurized and cooled air, and is finally discharged from the humidifier 133.

Preferably, the inlet end 2122 of the purge inlet line 212 of the purge ventilation device 21 is adapted to communicate with the air delivery line 130 between the intercooler 132 and the humidifier 133 for partially introducing pressurized and cooled air from the air delivery line 130 into the chamber 2110 so as to prevent the temperature of the air introduced into the chamber 2110 from being too high to affect the operation performance of the fuel cell stack 11.

More preferably, the at least one purge inlet 2111 of the stack housing 211 of the purge ventilation device 21 is located at a lower portion of the chamber 2110 and the at least one purge outlet 2112 of the stack housing 211 is located at an upper portion of the chamber 2110. In this way, the purge inlet line 212 can partially introduce the pressurized and cooled air from the air delivery line 130 to the lower part of the chamber 2110, and the purge outlet line 213 can discharge the gas in the chamber 2110 from the upper part of the chamber 2110, so that the introduced air can purge the chamber 2110 from the bottom up to achieve purge ventilation of the chamber 2110 to prevent hydrogen or water vapor from accumulating to affect the safety performance of the fuel cell stack 11. It is understood that since the density of hydrogen and water vapor is lower than that of air, hydrogen and water vapor are more easily accumulated in the upper portion of the chamber 2110, the purge and ventilation device 21 of the present application employs a bottom-up purge to more easily discharge hydrogen and water vapor from the chamber 2110.

Most preferably, the purge ventilation device 21 may further include at least one flow guiding element 214, wherein the at least one flow guiding element 214 is correspondingly disposed at the at least one purge inlet 2111 of the stack housing 211 for dispersedly guiding the flow direction of the air entering the chamber 2110 through the at least one purge inlet 2111, so as to avoid the introduced air from directly blowing the fuel cell stack 11, and prevent the portion of the fuel cell stack 11 directly facing the at least one purge inlet 2111 from being rapidly cooled due to the direct purge of the pressurized and cooled air, which affects the temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack 11 and thus affects the power generation performance of the fuel cell 1.

It is to be noted that, since the purge ventilation device 21 of the present application introduces the pressurized and cooled air from the air delivery pipe 130 into the lower portion of the chamber 2110 partially, and the introduced air is dispersedly introduced through the flow guide 214 to avoid direct blowing of the fuel cell stack 11, and then the dispersed air purges the chamber 2110 from the bottom to the top to be discharged from the upper portion of the chamber 2110 to achieve purge ventilation of the chamber 2110, in the fuel cell 1 of the present application, hydrogen and/or water vapor leaking from the inside of the fuel cell stack 11 does not accumulate in the chamber 2110 of the stack housing 211 of the purge ventilation device 21, and therefore, a safety hazard of the fuel cell 1 can be effectively eliminated. Meanwhile, the purge ventilation device 21 of the present application performs purge ventilation on the cavity 2110 while not directly blowing the portion of the fuel cell stack 11 that faces the at least one purge inlet 2111, so that the temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack 11 has better uniformity, which helps to ensure higher power generation performance of the fuel cell 1.

According to the above-described embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the at least one purge inlet 2111 of the stack casing 211 of the purge ventilation device 21 is preferably implemented as two or more purge inlets 2111, for example, a first purge inlet 2111a and a second purge inlet 2111b, and so on, wherein the first purge inlet 2111a and the second purge inlet 2111b are provided at intervals at the bottom wall of the stack casing 211. Meanwhile, the at least one inlet outlet port 2121 of the purge inlet line 212 is implemented as two or more inlet outlet ports, such as a first inlet outlet port 2121a and a second inlet outlet port 2121b, etc., wherein the first inlet outlet port 2121a and the second inlet outlet port 2121b are respectively communicated with the first purge inlet 2111a and the second purge inlet 2111b in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the pressurized and cooled air delivered through the air delivery line 130 is introduced into different regions of the lower portion of the chamber 2110 to enhance the purge ventilation effect and avoid the formation of purge dead space.

Preferably, the two or more purge inlets 2111 are uniformly distributed on the bottom wall of the stack housing 211, so as to further improve the uniformity of the introduced air purging the chamber 2110, thereby purging the chamber 2110 in all directions, preventing hydrogen or water vapor from remaining in the chamber 2110.

It is noted that, in one example of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, the at least one purge outlet 2112 of the stack enclosure 211 of the purge ventilation device 21 is preferably implemented as one purge outlet 2112, wherein the purge outlet 2112 is preferably disposed at the top of the side wall of the stack enclosure 211 to prevent hydrogen or water vapor from being accumulated.

Of course, in another example of the present application, the purge outlet 2112 may also be provided in the top wall of the stack housing 211 to more completely displace the gas in the chamber 2110 to minimize the accumulation of hydrogen and water vapor in the chamber 2110. It is understood that, in other examples of the present application, the at least one purge outlet 2112 of the stack housing 211 may also be implemented as two or more purge outlets 2112, as long as hydrogen and water vapor in the chamber 2110 can be exhausted, and the present application is not described herein again.

More preferably, the flow area of the purge exhaust line 213 is larger than that of the purge inlet line 212, so as to prevent the stack casing 211 from being subjected to an excessive gas pressure, and effectively prevent the influence on the sealing performance of the stack casing 211. It is understood that the flow area of the purge exhaust line 213 or the purge inlet line 212 may be related to the pipe diameter of the corresponding purge exhaust line 213 or purge inlet line 212, respectively; of course, the flow area of the purge exhaust line 213 or the purge inlet line 212 may also be implemented as the sum of the areas of the at least one purge outlet 2112 or the at least one purge inlet 2111.

Most preferably, the flow area of the purge exhaust line 213 is equal to four times the flow area of the purge inlet line 212, i.e. the diameter of the conduit of the purge exhaust line 213 is equal to twice the diameter of the conduit of the purge inlet line 212.

It is noted that, in order to ensure that an appropriate amount of air is diverted from the air delivery line 130 via the purge inlet line 212, the inner diameter of the inlet end 2122 of the purge inlet line 212 of the purge breather 21 of the present application is preferably implemented as 10% to 20% of the inner diameter of the conduit of the air delivery line 130 at the connection with the inlet end 2122. It is understood that when the inner diameter of the purge inlet line 212 is too small, the gas extraction flow rate may be insufficient to sufficiently replace the hydrogen gas or water vapor accumulated in the chamber 2110 of the stack housing 211; when the inner diameter of the purge air intake pipe 212 is too large, the energy consumption of the air compressor 131 at the front end is increased, and even the air flow entering the fuel cell stack 11 is insufficient, which affects the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 1.

In the above-described embodiment of the present application, the flow guide 214 of the purge ventilation device 21 has a multi-faceted air outlet structure for dispersing air introduced from the purge inlet 2111 in a horizontal direction, effectively preventing air from blowing straight to the fuel cell stack 11.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 5, the flow guide member 214 of the purge and air exchange device 21 includes a flow guide housing 2141 and a plurality of flow guide channels 2142, wherein the flow guide housing 2141 is disposed at the purge inlet 2111 of the stack housing 211, and the plurality of flow guide channels 2142 are disposed in the flow guide housing 2141 to respectively extend radially outward from the purge inlet 2111, so that the air introduced from the purge inlet 2111 is respectively dispersed all around along the plurality of flow guide channels 2142 to avoid the air from directly blowing toward the fuel cell stack 11.

According to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the purge ventilation device 21 may further include a one-way valve 215, wherein the one-way valve 215 is correspondingly disposed on the purge exhaust line 213 for allowing the gas to flow outwards through the purge exhaust line 213 to flow out of the chamber 2110 and blocking the gas from flowing inwards through the purge exhaust line 213 to flow into the chamber 2110, so as to ensure the cleaning of the chamber 2110 of the stack housing 211 to prevent external contamination.

Preferably, the check valve 215 of the purge ventilation device 21 is disposed on the purge exhaust line 213 adjacent to the purge outlet 2112 of the stack housing 211, so as to prevent dirt or sand from flowing back into the chamber 2110 of the stack housing 211 via the purge exhaust line 213 after the power system of the fuel cell 1 stops working, thereby effectively preventing the fuel cell stack 11 of the fuel cell 1 from being contaminated.

According to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the air supply system 13 of the fuel cell power generation system 10 may further include a stop valve 134, wherein the stop valve 134 is disposed on the air delivery line 130, and the stop valve 134 is located between the intercooler 132 and the intake inlet end 2122 of the purge intake line 212, so as to block the flow of gas in the air delivery line 130 after the air supply system 13 of the fuel cell 1 stops working, which helps to maximally ensure the cleanliness of the fuel cell stack 11 and the stack housing 211 and prevent contamination from the outside.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the air supply system 13 of the fuel cell power generation system 10 may further include an air cleaner 135, wherein the air cleaner 135 is disposed in the air delivery pipe 130, and the air cleaner 135 is located before the air compressor 131, so that the external air is filtered by the air cleaner 135 before entering the air compressor 131, so as to filter out impurities in the external air, ensure the cleanness of the air entering the air compressor 131, and help ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell 1. It is to be understood that the air compressor 131 of the present application is located between the air cleaner 135 and the intercooler 132, so that the external air is filtered by the air cleaner 135 and then enters the air compressor 131 to be pressurized.

In the above-described embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the purge ventilation device 21 of the fuel cell 1 further preferably includes a muffler 216, wherein the muffler 216 is disposed in the purge exhaust line 213, and the muffler 216 is located behind the check valve 215, so that the gas exhausted through the purge outlet 2112 passes through the check valve 215, and is exhausted to the outside after being subjected to the silencing treatment by the muffler 216. In other words, the exhaust outlet end 2132 of the purge exhaust pipeline 213 is communicated with the muffler 216, and is used for conveying the gas exhausted through the purge outlet 2112 to the muffler 216 through the purge exhaust pipeline 213, so as to be exhausted to the external environment after being muffled.

Preferably, the muffler 216 is implemented as a mixing diluter, wherein the muffler 216 is connected to the humidifier 133 through a pipe for mixing and diluting the gas discharged from the humidifier 133, the gas discharged from the purge outlet 2112, the hydrogen gas discharged from the fuel cell 1, and the like.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen supply system 12 of the fuel cell power generation system 10 of the fuel cell 1 may include a hydrogen delivery pipeline 120 communicating with the at least one fuel cell stack 11, a hydrogen circulation pipeline 122 communicating with the at least one fuel cell stack 11, and a hydrogen circulation device 121 disposed in the hydrogen circulation pipeline 122. In this way, hydrogen is delivered to the at least one fuel cell stack 11 via the hydrogen delivery pipeline 120 to participate in reaction, and under the action of the hydrogen circulation device 121, unreacted hydrogen is delivered back to the hydrogen delivery pipeline 120 via the hydrogen circulation pipeline 122 to be recycled.

It is understood that since the pipes and components of the hydrogen supply system 12 may have a problem of sealing failure to cause a small amount of hydrogen leakage, which is only an uncertain factor, and a safety accident does not occur until the concentration of hydrogen accumulated in the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221 is less than a certain threshold, the ventilation device 22 of the double ventilation device 20 of the present application needs to continuously operate the ventilation equipment 222 if the ventilation of the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221 is continuously performed, which not only causes a great waste of resources, but also generates unnecessary noise pollution.

In order to solve the above problem, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the ventilation ventilator 22 of the dual ventilator 20 of the present application may further include a hydrogen concentration sensor 223, wherein the hydrogen concentration sensor 223 is preferably disposed in the system housing 221 at the top of the chamber 2210 for detecting the hydrogen concentration in the chamber 2210. In particular, the ventilation device 222 is configured to open ventilation to the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221 in response to the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor 223 reaching an early warning value, so that the hydrogen gas accumulated in the chamber 2210 is diluted and discharged to the atmosphere. It is understood that when the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor 223 drops below the warning value, the ventilation device 222 may be stopped after a period of continued operation to avoid frequent start-up and shut-down of the ventilation device 222, which helps to prolong the service life of the ventilation device 222.

It is noted that the ventilation device 222 of the present application may be, but is not limited to being, implemented as a fan, wherein the ventilation device 222 is communicably disposed to the ventilation outlet 2212 of the system housing 221. Thus, after the ventilation device 222 is turned on, the gas inside the system housing 221 will be discharged out of the chamber 2210 through the ventilation outlet 2212 of the system housing 221, and at the same time, the air outside the system housing 221 will flow into the chamber 2210 through the ventilation inlet 2211 of the system housing 221 to dilute the hydrogen gas accumulated in the chamber 2210, thereby achieving ventilation of the chamber 2210 of the system housing 221.

Preferably, the vent outlet 2212 of the system housing 221 is located at an upper portion of the compartment 2210 to vent hydrogen gas accumulated in the compartment 2210. For example, the ventilation outlet 2212 of the system housing 221 is correspondingly disposed at a top wall of the system housing 221.

More preferably, the ventilation inlet 2211 of the system housing 221 is located at a lower portion of the compartment 2210 to allow outside air to be introduced from the lower portion of the compartment 2210 and then discharged from an upper portion of the compartment 2210 to ventilate the entire compartment 2210.

Most preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the at least one ventilation inlet 2211 of the system housing 221 preferably includes two or more ventilation inlets 2211, such as a first ventilation inlet 2211a and a second ventilation inlet 2212b, wherein the two or more ventilation inlets 2211 are uniformly distributed at a lower portion of the system housing 221, such as a lower position of a side peripheral wall of the system housing 221, so that external air can uniformly enter the cabin 2210 from all directions of the lower portion of the system housing 221, so as to ventilate the cabin 2210 with all directions and without dead angles.

In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, the ventilation air interchanger 22 of the dual air interchanger 20 may further comprise at least one ventilation filter 224, wherein the at least one ventilation filter 224 is preferably correspondingly built in the at least one ventilation inlet 2211 of the system housing 221 to have a dustproof/waterproof effect, ensuring the cleanness of the air entering the cabin 2210 through the ventilation inlet 2211.

It is noted that the ventilation filter 224 of the present application may be, but is not limited to being, implemented as a filter screen for filtering out dust, impurities and/or water from the air entering the compartment 2210 through the ventilation inlet 2211.

It is worth mentioning that according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell power generation system 10 of the fuel cell 1 may further include a control system 14, wherein the control system 14 is configured to control the normal operation of the fuel cell stack 11, the hydrogen gas supply system 12, and the air supply system 13.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell power generation system 10 may further include a thermal management system 15, wherein the thermal management system 15 is controlled by the control system 14 to provide a cooling fluid to the fuel cell stack 11, so as to keep the fuel cell stack 11 at a preferred operating temperature.

In addition, in the above embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell power generation system 10 of the fuel cell 1 may further include, but is not limited to, a heat exchange assembly 16 and a power conversion system 17, wherein the heat exchange assembly 16 is configured to exchange heat generated by the fuel cell stack 11 to transfer the heat generated by the fuel cell stack 11 to the outside, and the power conversion system 17 is configured to convert the power generated by the fuel cell stack 11 to transfer the power generated by the fuel cell stack 11 for use.

The embodiments of the various embodiments can be freely combined, and the present invention is not limited in any way in this respect.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention as described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the present invention. The objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments without departing from the principles, embodiments of the present invention may have any deformation or modification.

Claims

1. A dual gas exchange device for a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell comprises a fuel cell power generation system, wherein the fuel cell power generation system comprises at least one fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply system for supplying hydrogen to the at least one fuel cell stack, and an air supply system for supplying air to the at least one fuel cell stack, wherein the dual gas exchange device comprises:

a purge ventilation device, wherein the purge ventilation device comprises:

a ventilation device, wherein the ventilation device comprises:

2. A dual ventilation device as defined in claim 1, wherein said ventilation device further comprises a hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein said hydrogen concentration sensor is disposed within said system housing at the top of said chamber for detecting the concentration of hydrogen within said chamber, wherein said ventilation means is adapted to initiate ventilation of said chamber of said system housing in response to the concentration of hydrogen detected via said hydrogen concentration sensor reaching a pre-alarm value.

3. The dual air gasper of claim 2, wherein the ventilation outlet of the system housing of the ventilation air gasper is located at an upper portion of the cabin, and the ventilation device is communicably disposed to the ventilation outlet of the system housing.

4. The dual air exchange device of claim 3, wherein the at least one ventilation inlet of the system housing of the ventilation air exchange device is implemented as two or more of the ventilation inlets, wherein the two or more ventilation inlets are evenly distributed in a lower portion of the system housing.

5. The dual air gasper of claim 1, wherein the air gasper further comprises at least one ventilation filter, wherein the at least one ventilation filter is correspondingly built into the at least one ventilation inlet of the system housing.

6. The dual air gasper of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one purge outlet of the stack enclosure of the purge air breather is located at an upper portion of the chamber of the stack enclosure, and the at least one purge inlet of the stack enclosure is located at a lower portion of the chamber of the stack enclosure.

7. The dual gas exchange device according to claim 6, wherein the at least one purge inlet of the stack casing of the purge gas exchange device is implemented as two or more purge inlets, wherein the two or more purge inlets are disposed at intervals on a bottom wall of the stack casing, and the inlet outlet ends of the purge inlet pipes are respectively communicated with the purge inlets of the stack casing in a one-to-one correspondence.

8. The dual air exchange device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inlet end of the purge inlet line of the purge air exchange device is adapted to communicate with an air delivery line of the air supply system between an intercooler and a humidifier of the air supply system for partially introducing pressurized and cooled air from the air delivery line to the chamber of the stack housing.

9. The dual gas exchange device of claim 8, further comprising a one-way valve disposed in the purge exhaust line, wherein the one-way valve is configured to allow gas to flow outwardly through the purge exhaust line to exit the chamber and to block gas from flowing inwardly through the purge exhaust line to enter the chamber.

10. A fuel cell, characterized by comprising:

at least one fuel cell stack;

an air supply system for providing air to the at least one fuel cell stack; and

a dual air exchange device, wherein the dual air exchange device comprises:

a purge ventilation device, wherein the purge ventilation device comprises:

a ventilation device, wherein the ventilation device comprises:

11. The fuel cell of claim 10, wherein the air supply system comprises an air delivery line in communication with the at least one fuel cell stack, and an air compressor, an intercooler, and a humidifier connected in series in the air delivery line; wherein the inner diameter of the intake air inlet end of the purge intake line is embodied as 10 to 20% of the inner diameter of the pipe of the air delivery line at the connection with the intake air inlet end.

12. The fuel cell of claim 11, wherein the air supply system further comprises a shut-off valve, wherein the shut-off valve is disposed in the air delivery line and the shut-off valve is located between the intercooler and the intake inlet end of the purge intake line.