CN214635273U - Device for treating solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a handle useless device admittedly, include: the microwave oven comprises an oven body, a cavity, an air inlet, a fan, a solid waste combustion area, a ceramic mesh grid, a plasma treatment area, a flow equalizing plate and an air outlet, wherein the cavity is arranged inside the oven body, the air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the solid waste combustion area, the fan is arranged at the air inlet, the solid waste combustion area, the ceramic mesh grid, the plasma treatment area and the flow equalizing plate are sequentially arranged in the cavity from bottom to top, the air outlet is arranged at the top of the oven body, and a first microwave source is arranged at the bottom of the oven body. That is to say, the utility model discloses the waste gas that produces after useless burning district burning admits air admittedly can get into plasma treatment district earlier under the blast air effect of the fan of department and carry out plasma processing, again via the flow equalizing behind the flow equalizing plate flow equalizing treatment, the clean gas that accords with emission standard who will produce is discharged via the gas outlet, has realized adopting plasma to handle the dual purpose of waste gas and dust removal, has improved admittedly useless treatment effeciency greatly, simple structure, safe and reliable.

Description

Device for treating solid waste

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the solid useless field of handling relates to but not limited to a handle solid useless device.

Background

At present, when solid waste is treated, the solid waste is generally treated in a deep burying or burning mode, so that waste gas which influences human health and pollutes the environment is also generated. Therefore, how to treat solid wastes quickly and efficiently is becoming a popular research direction in the environmental protection field.

The existing solid waste treatment system comprises a waste treatment furnace, a plasma torch and a microwave treatment device, wherein the plasma torch and the microwave treatment device are arranged on the waste treatment furnace, the waste treatment furnace is used for accommodating a to-be-treated object, the plasma torch is used for carrying out degradation treatment on the to-be-treated object, an air inlet of the microwave treatment device is communicated with an air outlet of the waste treatment furnace, the microwave treatment device is used for carrying out microwave ignition treatment on gas after the to-be-treated object is combusted, and a dust filter is arranged on a channel, leading to the air inlet of the microwave treatment device, of the air outlet of the waste treatment furnace.

However, the existing solid waste treatment system firstly adopts the plasma torch to degrade and treat the waste and then adopts the microwave treatment device to decompose and ionize the waste, so that the treatment efficiency of the solid waste is not high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to the above-mentioned not enough of using the solid useless in-process of system treatment of tradition to give up, provide a handle device useless admittedly to solve the present useless processing system useless admittedly and adopt plasma torch degradation treatment rubbish, the mode that the back adopted microwave treatment device to decompose ionization treatment to handle useless admittedly and the problem that the efficiency of the processing that leads to useless admittedly is not high.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a handle useless device admittedly, the device includes: the device comprises a furnace body, a cavity, an air inlet, a fan, a solid waste combustion area, a ceramic grid, a plasma treatment area, a flow equalizing plate and an air outlet;

the cavity is arranged in the furnace body, the air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the solid waste combustion area, the fan is arranged at the air inlet, the solid waste combustion area, the ceramic mesh grid, the plasma treatment area and the flow equalizing plate are sequentially arranged in the cavity from bottom to top, the air outlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and a first microwave source is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body.

Optionally, the solid waste combustion area comprises a tray and a burner, the tray is arranged at the bottom of the solid waste combustion area, and the solid waste combustion area is externally connected with the burner.

Optionally, the plasma processing region includes a needle point mesh high voltage cathode, a porous metal plate anode and a second microwave source, the second microwave source is disposed on a sidewall of the plasma processing region, and the needle point mesh high voltage cathode and the porous metal plate anode are disposed in the plasma processing region.

Optionally, when the needle-tip-mesh high-voltage cathode and the porous metal plate anode are one processing unit, the plasma processing region includes a plurality of processing units.

Optionally, the number of the second microwave sources is multiple, and the multiple second microwave source arrays are distributed on the sidewall of the plasma processing region.

Optionally, the first microwave source and the second microwave source are respectively composed of a magnetron, a waveguide and a radiator, and a hammer unit is arranged on the porous metal plate anode.

Optionally, the number of the first microwave sources is multiple, and the multiple first microwave source arrays are distributed at the bottom of the furnace body.

Optionally, the furnace body includes metal casing, insulating layer and flame retardant coating and outside-in sets gradually.

Optionally, the tray is a microwave-transparent and high-temperature-resistant ceramic tray.

Optionally, the front part of the furnace body is provided with a furnace door, and the furnace door is provided with a handle.

The utility model has the advantages that: an apparatus for treating solid waste comprising: the device comprises a furnace body, a cavity, an air inlet, a fan, a solid waste combustion area, a ceramic grid, a plasma treatment area, a flow equalizing plate and an air outlet; the cavity is arranged in the furnace body, the air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the solid waste combustion area, the fan is arranged at the air inlet, the solid waste combustion area, the ceramic mesh grid, the plasma treatment area and the flow equalizing plate are sequentially arranged in the cavity from bottom to top, the air outlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and a first microwave source is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. That is, the waste gas generated after the solid waste combustion area of the utility model burns solid waste can firstly enter the plasma processing area through the ceramic grid to carry out plasma processing under the blast action of the fan at the air inlet, and then flow-equalizing processing is carried out through the flow-equalizing plate, the generated clean gas meeting the emission standard is discharged through the gas outlet, thereby realizing the dual purposes of treating waste gas by adopting plasma and removing dust, greatly improving the treatment efficiency of solid waste, solving the problem that the treatment efficiency of the solid waste is not high because the existing solid waste treatment system firstly adopts a plasma torch to degrade and treat garbage and then adopts a microwave treatment device to decompose and ionize the solid waste, having the advantages of simple structure, safety, reliability, easy operation, low cost and continuous operation, has wide application in the field of environmental protection, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the device for treating solid wastes.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating solid waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a solid waste combustion area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma processing region according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first microwave source and a second microwave source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 1-furnace body, 2-cavity, 3-air inlet, 4-fan, 5-solid waste combustion area, 6-ceramic grid, 7-plasma treatment area, 8-flow equalizing plate, 9-air outlet, 10-fixed support, 51-first microwave source, 52-tray, 53-burner, 71-needle point net high-pressure cathode, 72-porous metal plate anode, 73-second microwave source, 01-magnetron, 02-waveguide, 03-radiator, 11-metal shell, 12-thermal insulation layer, 13-fire-resistant layer, 14-furnace door, 15-handle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Here, the related terms in the present invention are explained:

plasma, a fourth state of matter different from solid, liquid and gas. A substance is composed of molecules, which are composed of atoms, which are composed of a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons surrounding it. When heated to a sufficiently high temperature or for other reasons, the outer electrons become free electrons free of the nuclei, leaving the nuclei, a process known as "ionization". At this point, the material becomes a uniform "paste" of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons, and is thus called a plasma because it is called a "paste" by chance, which is a paste of ions of equal total positive and negative charge and therefore nearly electrically neutral.

The microwave is an electric wave with a frequency of 300 megahertz to 300 gigahertz, and water molecules in the heated medium material are polar molecules. Under the action of a rapidly changing high-frequency point magnetic field, the polarity orientation of the magnetic field changes along with the change of an external electric field. The effect of mutual friction motion of molecules is caused, at the moment, the field energy of the microwave field is converted into heat energy in the medium, so that the temperature of the material is raised, and a series of physical and chemical processes such as thermalization, puffing and the like are generated to achieve the aim of microwave heating.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating solid waste according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace body according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a solid waste combustion area according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic grid according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma processing region according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first microwave source and a second microwave source according to an embodiment of the present invention. The following describes in detail the apparatus for treating solid waste provided by the embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device for treating solid waste according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the device for treating solid waste includes: the device comprises a furnace body 1, a cavity 2, an air inlet 3, a fan 4, a solid waste combustion area 5, a ceramic mesh 6, a plasma treatment area 7, a flow equalizing plate 8, an air outlet 9 and a fixed support 10.

The cavity 2 is arranged inside the furnace body 1, the air inlet 3 is arranged on the side wall of the solid waste combustion area 5, the fan 4 is arranged at the air inlet 3, the solid waste combustion area 5, the ceramic mesh grid 6, the plasma treatment area 7 and the flow equalizing plate 8 are sequentially arranged in the cavity 2 from bottom to top, the air outlet 9 is arranged at the top of the furnace body 1, and the bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with the first microwave source 51.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the furnace body 1 can include a metal casing 11, a thermal insulation layer 12 and a fire-resistant layer 13, and can be sequentially disposed from outside to inside, and the inside of the furnace body 1 can be a cavity 2.

Alternatively, the furnace body 1 may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

Optionally, the cavity 2 may be made of metal, for example, the cavity 2 may be made of stainless steel.

Alternatively, the thermal insulation layer 12 may be formed of a thermal insulation material, and the thermal insulation material may be a material that is resistant to high temperature and transmits microwaves, such as rock wool, glass fiber wool, aerogel or quartz.

Alternatively, the refractory layer 13 may be formed of a refractory material, such as refractory bricks.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the front portion of the furnace body 1 can be provided with a furnace door 14, and the furnace door 14 is provided with a handle 15.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, fan 4 can be used for the blast air, and blows in the furnace body 1 with the air by air inlet 3 in, for example can blow in the burning zone 5 useless admittedly with the air.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the solid waste combustion area 5 may include a tray 52 and a burner 53, the tray 52 may be disposed at the bottom of the solid waste combustion area 5, and the solid waste combustion area 5 may be externally connected to the burner 53. Illustratively, a solid waste combustion area 5 can be arranged above the ceramic grid 6, and waste gas can be treated by microwave and high-pressure plasma, so that the dual purposes of dust removal and waste gas treatment are achieved.

It should be noted that the present invention can use manual or mechanical linkage to place the solid waste in the tray 52 in the solid waste combustion area 5 through the oven door 14 and the handle 15.

Alternatively, the burner 53 may be disposed at the rear of the furnace 1, the first microwave source 51 may be disposed at the bottom of the furnace 1 and may be at the bottom of the solid waste combustion zone 5, and the tray 52 may be used to contain the solid waste.

The burner 53 may be an electronic ignition burner, and may burn combustible gas such as gasoline, diesel oil, or gas. And, when the solid waste enters the solid waste combustion area 5 through the furnace door 15, the burner 53 is ignited and the first microwave source 51 irradiates microwaves into the solid waste combustion area 5, so that the solid waste is rapidly combusted into waste gas. The solid waste may refer to solid or semi-solid waste materials which are generated in production, construction, daily life and other activities and pollute the environment, and which cannot be used or cannot be temporarily discarded by a producer, such as industrial solid waste, municipal solid waste, animal carcasses and the like, the exhaust gas may include carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), organic impurities and the like, and the organic impurities may include particulate matters, ash, smoke and the like.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first microwave sources 51 can be plural, and the plural first microwave sources 51 can be distributed in the bottom of the furnace body 1 in an array manner.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the tray 52 is a ceramic tray that is transparent to microwave and high temperature.

It should be noted that the tray 52 may be a ceramic disk that is transparent to microwaves and resistant to high temperatures, such as silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic, mullite, etc.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the ceramic grid 6 can be as shown in fig. 4, and the ceramic grid 6 can be a porous ceramic grid structure and the surface thereof can be distributed with a plurality of holes.

It should be noted that the ceramic grid 6 is disposed on the upper portion of the solid waste combustion area 5, and each hole distributed on the ceramic grid 6 may be a large enough size and may be made of a material that is air permeable and fire retardant, so as to achieve the dual purpose of preventing the flame from going upwards and passing through the waste gas generated in the solid waste combustion area 5.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the plasma processing area 7 may include a needle point net high voltage cathode 71, a porous metal plate anode 72 and a second microwave source 73, the second microwave source 73 is disposed on the sidewall of the plasma processing area 7, and the needle point net high voltage cathode 71 and the porous metal plate anode 72 are disposed in the plasma processing area 7.

Alternatively, when the needle-tip-mesh high-voltage cathode 71 and the porous metal plate anode 72 are one processing unit, a plurality of processing units may be included in the plasma processing region 7.

Alternatively, the number of the second microwave sources 73 may be plural, and a plurality of the second microwave sources 73 may be distributed in an array on the side wall of the plasma processing region 7.

It should be noted that, the plasma exhaust gas treatment mainly depends on the plasma generated by the high-voltage discharge to treat the exhaust gas, that is, the second microwave source 73 is disposed on the sidewall of the plasma treatment region 7, and generates plasma when the pinpoint grid high-voltage cathode 71 is externally connected with a negative high-voltage power supply and the porous metal plate anode 72 is grounded, and increases the energy of the generated plasma when the second microwave source 73 feeds the generated microwave into the plasma treatment region 7, and the fed microwave can cover the whole plasma treatment region 7, so as to treat CO, HC, NOx, SOx, organic impurities, etc. contained in the exhaust gas, and greatly improve the exhaust gas treatment effect.

Alternatively, the porous metal plate anode 72 may be provided with a hammer unit.

It should be noted that the plasma processing region 7 may be configured to remove organic impurities, that is, organic impurities in the exhaust gas may be adsorbed on the porous metal plate anode 72, and the organic impurities attached to the porous metal plate anode 72 may drop onto the ceramic grid 6 by periodically using a vibration hammer unit to perform vibration hammering, and then drop into the solid waste combustion region 5 through a plurality of holes distributed on the surface of the ceramic grid 6.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the first microwave source 51 and the second microwave source 73 may be respectively composed of a magnetron 01, a waveguide 02, and a radiator 03.

Optionally, the flow equalizing plate 8 may be configured to perform flow equalizing operation on the generated clean gas meeting the emission standard, so that the flow equalized gas is discharged through the gas outlet 9. The clean gas may include nitric oxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases that meet emission standards.

Alternatively, the air outlet 9 may be a chimney.

Optionally, the apparatus may further comprise a fixing bracket 10, and the fixing bracket 10 may be used for fixing the furnace body 1.

It should be noted that the apparatus may further include a controller and a sensor, the sensor may be configured to detect the concentration of CO, HC, NOx, SOx, and organic impurities in the gas at the gas outlet, and the controller may control the flame of the burner 53, the power of the first microwave source 51, the power of the second microwave source 73, and the voltage of the negative high voltage power supply according to the concentration detected by the sensor. For example, when the controller determines that the concentration of CO and/or HC is too high, it may control to increase the burner 53 firing, increase the power of the first microwave source 51, increase the voltage of the negative high voltage power supply, and increase the power of the second microwave source 73; when the controller determines that the concentration of NOx and/or SOx is too high, it may control to reduce the burner 53 firing, increase the power of the first microwave source 51, increase the voltage of the negative high voltage power supply, and increase the power of the second microwave source 73; when the controller determines that the concentration of the organic impurities is too high, it may control to increase the power of the first microwave source 51, increase the voltage of the negative high voltage power supply, and increase the power of the second microwave source 73.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, admittedly useless via furnace gate 15 get into in the useless combustion area 5 admittedly when, combustor 53 is igniteed and first microwave source 51 shines the microwave to useless combustion area 5 admittedly in, thereby produce waste gas, the waste gas of production can be in getting into plasma treatment area 7 after the effect of air inlet 3 department fan 4 passes through ceramic grid 6, and after handling via the plasma in plasma treatment area 7, produce the clean gas that accords with emission standard, and produced clean gas can be discharged through gas outlet 9.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in disclose, a handle device useless admittedly, include: the device comprises a furnace body, a cavity, an air inlet, a fan, a solid waste combustion area, a ceramic grid, a plasma treatment area, a flow equalizing plate and an air outlet; the cavity is arranged in the furnace body, the air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the solid waste combustion area, the fan is arranged at the air inlet, the solid waste combustion area, the ceramic mesh grid, the plasma treatment area and the flow equalizing plate are sequentially arranged in the cavity from bottom to top, the air outlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and a first microwave source is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. That is, the waste gas generated after the solid waste combustion area of the utility model burns solid waste can firstly enter the plasma processing area through the ceramic grid to carry out plasma processing under the blast action of the fan at the air inlet, and then flow-equalizing processing is carried out through the flow-equalizing plate, the generated clean gas meeting the emission standard is discharged through the gas outlet, thereby realizing the dual purposes of treating waste gas by adopting plasma and removing dust, greatly improving the treatment efficiency of solid waste, solving the problem that the treatment efficiency of the solid waste is not high because the existing solid waste treatment system firstly adopts a plasma torch to degrade and treat garbage and then adopts a microwave treatment device to decompose and ionize the solid waste, having the advantages of simple structure, safety, reliability, easy operation, low cost and continuous operation, has wide application in the field of environmental protection, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the device for treating solid wastes.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An apparatus for treating solid waste, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a furnace body (1), a cavity (2), an air inlet (3), a fan (4), a solid waste combustion area (5), a ceramic grid (6), a plasma treatment area (7), a flow equalizing plate (8) and an air outlet (9);

the microwave oven comprises a furnace body (1), a cavity (2), an air inlet (3), a fan (4), a solid waste combustion area (5), a ceramic grid (6), a plasma treatment area (7) and a flow equalizing plate (8), wherein the cavity (2) is arranged inside the furnace body (1), the air inlet (3) is arranged on the side wall of the solid waste combustion area (5), the fan (4) is arranged at the position of the air inlet (3), the solid waste combustion area (5), the ceramic grid (6) and the flow equalizing plate are sequentially arranged in the cavity (2) from bottom to top, an air outlet (9) is arranged at the top of the furnace body (1), and a first microwave source (51) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1).

2. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste combustion zone (5) comprises a tray (52) and a burner (53), the tray (52) is disposed at the bottom of the solid waste combustion zone (5), and the solid waste combustion zone (5) is externally connected with the burner (53).

3. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the plasma treatment zone (7) comprises a needle-point mesh high-voltage cathode (71), a perforated metal plate anode (72) and a second microwave source (73), the second microwave source (73) is disposed at a side wall of the plasma treatment zone (7), and the needle-point mesh high-voltage cathode (71) and the perforated metal plate anode (72) are disposed in the plasma treatment zone (7).

4. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 3, wherein when said needlepoint mesh high voltage cathode (71) and said expanded metal anode (72) are one treating unit, a plurality of said treating units are included in said plasma treating zone (7).

5. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 3, wherein the number of said second microwave sources (73) is plural, and a plurality of said second microwave sources (73) are arrayed on the side wall of said plasma treatment zone (7).

6. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 3, wherein said first microwave source (51) and said second microwave source (73) are respectively constituted by a magnetron (01), a waveguide (02) and a radiator (03), and a hammer unit is provided on said perforated metal plate anode (72).

7. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first microwave sources (51) is plural, and a plurality of the first microwave sources (51) are arrayed and distributed at the bottom of the furnace body (1).

8. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body (1) comprises a metal outer shell (11), a heat insulating layer (12) and a fire resistant layer (13) which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside.

9. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 2, wherein said tray (52) is a microwave transparent and high temperature resistant ceramic tray.

10. The apparatus for treating solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the front part of the furnace body (1) is provided with a furnace door (14), and the furnace door (14) is provided with a handle (15).

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