CN214625211U - Structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery, battery module and battery pack - Google Patents
Structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery, battery module and battery pack Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN214625211U CN214625211U CN202120240607.2U CN202120240607U CN214625211U CN 214625211 U CN214625211 U CN 214625211U CN 202120240607 U CN202120240607 U CN 202120240607U CN 214625211 U CN214625211 U CN 214625211U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- thermal runaway
- inner layer
- layer
- outer layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 perfluoro compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery, a battery module and a battery pack, which comprises an outer layer (2); the inner layer (1) is coated on the inner side of the outer layer (2) and at least one part of the inner layer is exposed below the outer layer (2); the inner layer (1) is enclosed to form an accommodating cavity (3), or the inner layer (1) and the outer layer (2) form an accommodating cavity (3), a thermal runaway prevention material is accommodated in the accommodating cavity (3), the inner layer (1) is melted through at a set temperature, and the thermal runaway prevention material is released into a battery system. The utility model discloses a melt and wear the inlayer, toward battery system release explosion-proof material, can prevent the thermal diffusion between the battery, improve the security of battery.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the battery, concretely relates to prevent structure, battery module and battery package of battery thermal runaway.
Background
Nowadays, green, high-efficiency secondary batteries are vigorously developed in various countries. The lithium ion battery as a novel secondary battery has the advantages of large energy density and power density, high working voltage, light weight, small volume, long cycle life, good safety, environmental protection and the like, and has wide application prospect in the aspects of portable electric appliances, electric tools, large-scale energy storage, electric traffic power supplies and the like. In the current power battery, if the battery is abused or used by mistake, when gas, a large amount of heat or other substances are likely to be generated inside the battery, even thermal runaway and explosion of a battery system are likely to be caused.
In the existing battery structure, before the battery system is abnormal, if a single battery is overcharged, discharged, short-circuited, high-temperature, punctured and the like, the internal pressure is gradually increased, if the battery does not immediately slow down or stop the deterioration of the process, the battery is likely to generate flaming or explosion, and transmits a large amount of heat outwards, namely thermal runaway occurs, and even the heat spreads to other battery cores in the system to generate chain reaction, so that the battery system and the whole vehicle are seriously damaged, and safety accidents are caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
One of the purposes of the utility model lies in: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the structure for preventing the thermal runaway of the battery is provided, and the explosion-proof substance is released to the battery system by melting through the inner layer, so that the thermal diffusion among the batteries can be prevented, and the safety of the batteries is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery, comprising an outer layer; the inner layer is coated on the inner side of the outer layer, and at least one part of the inner layer is exposed below the outer layer; the inner layer is enclosed to form an accommodating cavity, or the inner layer and the accommodating cavity is formed between the outer layers, the thermal runaway prevention material is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the inner layer is melted through at a set temperature to release the thermal runaway prevention material into the battery system.
As an improvement of a structure for preventing battery thermal runaway, the outer cover the inlayer, outer below is provided with the intercommunication the hollow out construction of inlayer.
As an improvement of a structure for preventing battery thermal runaway, still include a plurality of middle level, a plurality of the middle level pile up in proper order the setting at the inlayer with between the skin to form multilayer structure, it is adjacent form a plurality of between the middle level hold the chamber, the middle level melts under the settlement temperature, to the interior release of battery system prevents thermal runaway material.
As an improvement of a structure for preventing battery thermal runaway, hold the intracavity and be provided with a plurality of space bar, be used for with it divide into a plurality of cavity to hold the chamber, the space bar is provided with intercommunication groove or intercommunicating pore.
As an improvement of a structure for preventing battery thermal runaway, the outer edge is provided with a lateral wall, it is outer the lateral wall reaches the inlayer encloses into enclosure space.
As an improvement of the structure for preventing thermal runaway of the battery, the lateral wall reaches the outer edge is an integrated structure.
As an improvement of the structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery of the present invention, the outer melting point is greater than the middle melting point, and the middle melting point is greater than or equal to the inner melting point.
As an improvement to a structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery, the thermal runaway prevention material is at least one of a coolant, a refrigerant, an electrolyte additive, a flame retardant or a fire extinguishing material.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a battery module, which includes the above structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack, which comprises a case cover and a lower case, wherein the case cover and at least one of the lower case is provided with a structure for preventing thermal runaway of the battery.
As an improvement of a battery package, still include a plurality of battery, the battery is provided with the explosion-proof valve, the case lid is equipped with prevents the structure of battery thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve sets up the case lid below.
As an improvement of a battery package, be equipped with the structure that prevents the battery thermal runaway on the case lid, outer edge is provided with the lateral wall, the tip of lateral wall be provided with lower box complex outer edge, outer along slope or set up perpendicularly in the lateral wall, it is outer the lateral wall reaches outer edge structure as an organic whole.
The utility model has the advantages that the utility model comprises an outer layer; the inner layer is coated on the inner side of the outer layer, and at least one part of the inner layer is exposed below the outer layer; the inner layer is enclosed to form an accommodating cavity, or the inner layer and the accommodating cavity is formed between the outer layers, the thermal runaway prevention material is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the inner layer is melted through at a set temperature to release the thermal runaway prevention material into the battery system. In the existing battery structure, before the battery system is abnormal, if a single battery is overcharged, discharged, short-circuited, high-temperature, punctured and the like, the internal pressure is gradually increased, if the battery does not immediately slow down or stop the deterioration of the process, the battery is likely to generate flaming or explosion, and transmits a large amount of heat outwards, namely thermal runaway occurs, and even the heat spreads to other battery cells in the system to generate chain reaction, so that the battery system and the whole vehicle are seriously damaged, and safety accidents are caused, but a fire extinguishing device is usually arranged in the battery system to inhibit and delay in a short time, the defects are obvious, the triggering condition mainly adopting an active mode is insufficient in timeliness, and the thermal runaway and explosion of the battery system finally occur, therefore, the outer layer is arranged above the inner layer, and a containing cavity is formed between the inner layer and the outer layer, the thermal runaway prevention material is contained in the containing cavity, when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the inner layer is rapidly melted through by high temperature, the thermal runaway prevention material in the containing cavity enters the battery, the thermal runaway position is put out fire and cooled, the thermal runaway of the battery is slowed down, the thermal diffusion among the batteries is prevented, even the deterioration of the process is stopped, the safety of the battery is improved, when the thermal runaway prevention material enters the battery, the functions of heat insulation, flame retardance, fire extinguishment and the like are mainly achieved, the thermal runaway or damage of the battery is effectively inhibited, meanwhile, the high temperature in the battery does not reach the melting point of the outer layer, the outer layer is not melted through, the probability that the thermal runaway prevention material leaks out is favorably reduced, when the explosion-proof valve is opened and eruption occurs, the inner layer can be effectively melted through in time, the effects of fire extinguishment and cooling are achieved, and the condition that large amount of heat is prevented from being transferred outwards and even being diffused to other batteries in the system is avoided, the probability of chain reaction is reduced, compared with a structure that a fire extinguishing device is arranged in a battery, an inner layer is directly contacted with a high-temperature substance sprayed by an explosion-proof valve, and the released thermal runaway prevention material has efficient heat absorption and fire extinguishing effects, so that the reaction time is shortened, the timeliness is higher, the reaction is rapid, and the point-to-point direct inhibition of thermal diffusion is realized. The utility model discloses a melt and wear the inlayer, toward battery system release explosion-proof material, can prevent the thermal diffusion between the battery, improve the security of battery.
Drawings
Features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one side of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another side of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom structure view of an outer layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a partition plate according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one side of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another side of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic bottom structure view of an outer layer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a lower box according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one side of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another side of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding positions of the battery and the case cover according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1-an inner layer;
2-an outer layer; 21-a side wall; 22-hollow structure; 211-outer edge;
3-a containing cavity; 30-a cavity; 31-a spacer plate; 311-a communication groove;
4-middle layer;
5-a bottom plate;
6-side plate; 61-a mounting portion;
7-an explosion-proof valve;
8-pole.
Detailed Description
As used in the specification and in the claims, certain terms are used to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, and a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range to substantially achieve the technical effect.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 15, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Implementation mode one
A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery includes an inner layer 1; an outer layer 2 arranged above the inner layer 1; wherein, form between inlayer 1 and the skin 2 and hold chamber 3, hold and to have held the thermal runaway material in the chamber 3, inlayer 1 melts under the set temperature and wears, releases the thermal runaway material to battery system internal release.
In the conventional battery structure, before an abnormality occurs in a battery system, if a single battery is overcharged, discharged, short-circuited, high-temperature, punctured, or the like, the internal pressure gradually increases, if the battery does not immediately slow down or stop the deterioration of the process, the battery is likely to generate flaming or explosion, and transmit a large amount of heat to the outside, that is, thermal runaway occurs, and even the heat spreads to other battery cells in the system, chain reaction occurs, causing serious damage to the battery system and the whole vehicle, and causing a safety accident, but a fire extinguishing device is generally arranged in the battery system to perform suppression and delay in a short time, and the defects are obvious, and a triggering condition mainly in an active manner is insufficient in timeliness, and thermal runaway and explosion of the battery system finally occur, so as shown in fig. 1 to 5, an outer layer 2 is arranged above an inner layer 1, and a receiving cavity 3 is formed between the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 2, the thermal runaway prevention material is contained in the containing cavity 3, when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the inner layer 1 is rapidly melted through at high temperature, the thermal runaway prevention material in the containing cavity 3 enters the interior of the battery from the explosion-proof valve 7, the thermal runaway position is put out and cooled, the thermal runaway of the battery is slowed down, the thermal diffusion among the batteries is prevented, even the deterioration of the process is stopped, the safety of the battery is improved, when the thermal runaway prevention material enters the interior of the battery from the explosion-proof valve 7, the functions of heat insulation, flame retardance, fire extinguishment and the like are mainly achieved, the thermal runaway or damage of the battery is effectively inhibited, meanwhile, the high temperature in the interior of the battery does not reach the melting point of the outer layer 2, the outer layer 2 is not melted through, the probability of the leakage of the thermal runaway prevention material is favorably reduced, when the explosion-proof valve 7 is opened and the eruption occurs, the inner layer 1 can be effectively melted through in time, the effects of fire extinguishment and cooling are achieved, and the large amount of heat transfer outwards is avoided, even can spread the condition of other batteries in the system, reduce and produce chain reaction probability, compare the structure of arranging extinguishing device in the battery, inlayer 1 directly contacts with the high temperature material that explosion-proof valve 7 erupted, and the thermal runaway material of thermal runaway has efficient heat absorption and fire extinguishing action of release, helps shortening reaction time, and ageing is higher, and the reaction is rapid, realizes point-to-point direct inhibition thermal diffusion.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the inner layer 1 is made of a material having a melting point of 100 to 500 ℃, that is, the inner layer 1 is melted through at a set temperature of 100 to 500 ℃, and the outer layer 2 is made of a material having a melting point higher than 800 ℃, so that the inner layer 1 is melted through first, and the outer layer 2 is not melted through after the inner layer 1 is melted through, thereby preventing not only leakage of the runaway-preventing substance, but also splashing of flame or high-temperature substances inside the battery to the outside, which may cause a battery safety accident.
The thermal runaway prevention material is mainly a coolant, a refrigerant, an electrolyte additive, a flame retardant or a fire extinguishing material, and comprises but not limited to heptafluoropropane, perfluoropolyether, perfluorohexanone, aerosol, alkyl halide (halon), a hydrofluorocarbon compound or a perfluoro compound, and can be a composite material, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon compound comprises but not limited to R134A (a substitute refrigerant of R12), R125, R32, R407C, R410A (a substitute refrigerant of R22), R152 and the like; perfluoro-type compounds include, but are not limited to, perfluorohexanone, perfluoropolyether.
In the structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery according to the present invention, referring to fig. 3 and 5, a plurality of partition plates 31 are provided in the accommodating chamber 3 for dividing the accommodating chamber 3 into a plurality of cavities 30, and the partition plates 31 are provided with communication grooves 311 or communication holes. The plurality of partition plates 31 are added, so that the accommodating cavity 3 between the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 2 can be divided into a plurality of cavities 30, the effect of supporting the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 2 can be achieved, the accommodating cavity 3 is prevented from being too large, the area hollow between the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 2 is easy to deform under pressure, the stress between the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 2 is uniform, the structure for preventing the thermal runaway of the battery is ensured to have enough strength, the probability of deformation or damage of the structure for preventing the thermal runaway of the battery is reduced, meanwhile, the partition plate 31 has communication grooves 311 or communication holes to communicate with the plurality of cavities 30, so that the thermal runaway prevention material can be conveniently injected into each cavity 30, the repeated injection of the thermal runaway prevention material into each cavity 30 is omitted, the injection efficiency of the thermal runaway prevention material is improved, and the condition that the thermal runaway prevention material of each cavity 30 is not uniform is also avoided. Wherein, the space bar 31 can set up the intercommunication groove 311 or the intercommunicating pore, realizes each cavity 30 of intercommunication, and in this embodiment, the intercommunication groove 311 is square, nevertheless the utility model discloses not so limit, also can adopt circular, oval or square intercommunicating pore, satisfy each cavity 30 of intercommunication can.
In the structure for preventing battery thermal runaway according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4, the edge of the outer layer 2 is provided with a side wall 21, the outer layer 2, the side wall 21 and the inner layer 1 enclose an enclosed space, and a plurality of cavities 30 are disposed in the enclosed space. In order to also hold the thermal runaway material in the region between the edge of inlayer 1 and the edge of inlayer 2, in this embodiment, be provided with lateral wall 21 at the edge of inlayer 2, make skin 2, lateral wall 21 and inlayer 1 enclose into the enclosure space, play the effect of holding the thermal runaway material, be surrounded by lateral wall 21 between the edge of inlayer 1 and the edge of skin 2, also can hold the thermal runaway material, wherein, lateral wall 21 is formed by the edge downwardly extending of skin 2, lateral wall 21 and the bottom surface of inlayer 1 enclose into the cell body, the cell body can hold the top of part battery, reduce multilayer structure and invade the inside space of battery, help reducing the inside space utilization of battery module promptly, thereby improve the holistic energy density of battery module.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation is:
the outer layer 2 is arranged above the inner layer 1, the accommodating cavity 3 is formed between the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 2, the thermal runaway prevention material is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 3, when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, high temperature rapidly melts through the inner layer 1, the thermal runaway prevention material in the accommodating cavity 3 enters the battery from the explosion-proof valve 7, the thermal runaway position is extinguished and cooled, the thermal runaway of the battery is slowed down, the thermal diffusion between the batteries is prevented, even the deterioration of the process is stopped, the safety of the battery is improved, when the thermal runaway prevention material enters the battery from the explosion-proof valve 7, the functions of heat insulation, flame retardance, fire extinguishment and the like are mainly realized, the thermal runaway or the damage of the battery is effectively inhibited, meanwhile, the high temperature in the battery does not reach the melting point of the outer layer 2, the outer layer 2 is not melted through, the probability of the leakage of the thermal runaway prevention material is favorably reduced, when the explosion-proof valve 7 is opened, and the thermal runaway occurs, can in time effectually fuse inlayer 1, play the effect of putting out a fire and cooling, avoid past outer transmission large amount of heat, can diffuse the condition of other batteries in the system even, reduce and produce chain reaction probability, compare the structure of arranging extinguishing device in the battery, inlayer 1 is direct to be contacted with the high temperature material that explosion-proof valve 7 erupted, and the thermal runaway material of preventing of release has efficient heat absorption and fire extinguishing effect, help shortening reaction time, the ageing is higher, the reaction is rapid, realize point-to-point direct inhibition heat diffusion.
Second embodiment
The difference from the first embodiment is that: referring to fig. 6 to 8, the present embodiment further includes a plurality of middle layers 4, the plurality of middle layers 4 are sequentially stacked between the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 2 and form a multi-layer structure, a plurality of accommodating cavities 3 are formed between adjacent middle layers 4, and the middle layers 4 are melted through at a set temperature to release the thermal runaway prevention material into the battery system. In order to match the requirements of different battery structures and strengths, a middle layer 4 can be added on an inner layer 1 and an outer layer 2, the inner layer 1, the middle layer 4 and the outer layer 2 are sequentially stacked to form a structure which has a multilayer structure and is used for preventing the thermal runaway of the battery, a containing cavity 3 can be formed between the inner layer 1 and the middle layer 4, between the adjacent middle layers 4 and between the middle layer 4 and the outer layer 2, the melting point of the outer layer 2 is set to be larger than that of the middle layer 4 at a preset temperature by adjusting the melting points of the inner layer 1, the melting point of the middle layer 4 and the melting point of the inner layer 1, the inner layer 1 is firstly melted through to release the thermal runaway preventing material between the inner layer 1 and the middle layer 4, the thermal runaway preventing material enters the battery from an explosion-proof valve 7 to extinguish the position of the thermal runaway and reduce the temperature, the thermal runaway of the battery is slowed down, the thermal runaway between the batteries is prevented, and the thermal diffusion between the batteries is prevented, and the abnormity of the batteries is further intensified, when the temperature still continuously rises, the middle layer 4 is also melted through, the thermal runaway prevention material between the adjacent middle layers 4 is released, more thermal runaway prevention materials enter the battery from the explosion-proof valve 7, the thermal runaway of the battery is slowed down again, the thermal diffusion between the batteries is prevented, namely, the thermal runaway is prevented through two-section type explosion prevention or multi-section type thermal runaway, so that the functions of heat insulation, flame retardance, fire extinguishment and the like are achieved, the thermal runaway or damage of the battery is effectively inhibited, wherein the multilayer structure forms the accommodating cavity 3 after the sealing, the plastic package, the welding and the riveting treatment, the sealing performance is good, and the thermal runaway prevention materials are accommodated in the accommodating cavity 3.
Other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Third embodiment
The difference from the first embodiment is that: the melting point of the outer layer 2 of the present embodiment is higher than that of the inner layer 1. The inner layer 1 is made of a material with a melting point of 100-500 ℃, and the outer layer 2 is made of a material with a melting point higher than 800 ℃, so that the inner layer 1 is firstly melted through, and meanwhile, the outer layer 2 is not melted through after the inner layer 1 is melted through, thereby not only avoiding leakage of the loss control substance, but also avoiding splashing of flame or high-temperature substances in the battery to the outside and causing battery safety accidents.
Other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Embodiment IV
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the inner layer 1 of the present embodiment is coated on the inner side of the outer layer 2, and a portion of the inner layer 1 is exposed below the outer layer 2, the inner layer 1 encloses a containing cavity 3, the containing cavity 3 contains a thermal runaway prevention material, the inner layer 1 is melted through at a set temperature to release the thermal runaway prevention material into the battery system, the outer layer 2 covers the inner layer 1, and a hollow structure 22 communicating with the inner layer 1 is arranged below the outer layer 2. Specifically, the accommodating cavity 3 is enclosed by the inner layer 1, the outer side of the inner layer 1 is enclosed by the outer layer 2, and includes, but is not limited to, the inner layer 1, the lower part of the inner layer 1 and four side surfaces, in order to make the inner layer 1 to be melted and penetrated at a set temperature, the position of the outer layer 2 corresponding to the lower part of the inner layer 1 is set to be a hollow structure 22, which is different from the structure of the first embodiment, the hollow structure 22 of the embodiment does not make the lower part of the whole outer layer 2 hollow, but makes the lower part of the outer layer 2 hollow, namely, a plurality of rectangular hollow structures 22 are arranged at intervals below the outer layer 2, and the hollow structures 22 are communicated with the inner layer 1, so as to realize that part of the inner layer 1 directly faces the explosion-proof valve 7 of the battery, when the explosion-proof valve 7 is opened and eruption occurs, the inner layer 1 can be melted and penetrated timely and effectively, thereby playing a role of extinguishing and reducing the temperature, and avoiding transmitting a large amount of heat outwards and even spreading to other batteries in the system, the reduction produces chain reaction probability, nevertheless the utility model discloses not with this limit, hollow out construction 22 also can design into a plurality of circular, oval or other anomalous shape, satisfies that partial inlayer 1 is direct just to the explosion-proof valve 7 of battery can. Wherein, hold and be provided with a plurality of space bar 31 in the chamber 3, not only can be with holding chamber 3 and dividing into a plurality of cavity 30, can also play the effect that supports inlayer 1, prevent that inlayer 1 from forming the regional condition that takes place the compressive deformation, still make the atress that holds chamber 3 even, guarantee that the structure that prevents battery thermal runaway has sufficient intensity, reduce the probability that the case lid takes place deformation or damage.
Other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Fifth embodiment
A battery module including the structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments.
Sixth embodiment
Referring to fig. 11, a battery pack includes a case cover and a lower case, at least one of which is provided with a structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery as in any one of the first to fourth embodiments.
Preferably, still include a plurality of battery, the battery is provided with explosion-proof valve 7, and the case lid is equipped with the structure that prevents battery thermal runaway, and explosion-proof valve 7 sets up in the case lid below.
Preferably, on the box cover provided with the structure for preventing the thermal runaway of the battery, the edge of the outer layer 2 is provided with a side wall 21, the end part of the side wall 21 is provided with an outer edge 211 matched with the lower box body, the outer edge 211 is obliquely or vertically arranged on the side wall 21, and the outer layer 2, the side wall 21 and the outer edge 211 are of an integrally molded structure.
Wherein, the lower box body includes bottom plate 5 and curb plate 6, and the top of curb plate 6 is connected with the edge of case lid, and the top of curb plate 6 is provided with the edge complex installation department 61 with skin 2, and the slope of installation department 61 or perpendicular set up in curb plate 6. Specifically, the top of curb plate 6 and the marginal connection of case lid, the top of curb plate 6 be provided with outer 2 marginal complex installation department 61, installation department 61 slope or perpendicular set up in curb plate 6.
The outer edge 211 of the end part of the side wall 21 can be matched with the mounting part 61 at the top of the side plate 6 of the lower box body, specifically, the outer edge 211 is vertically arranged on the side wall 21, the mounting part 61 is also vertically arranged on the side plate 6, the outer edge 211 is parallel to the mounting part 61, the outer edge 211 and the mounting part 61 can be fixedly connected in a welding, riveting or clamping manner, namely, a box cover is mounted on the lower box body, so that the lower box body forms a sealing structure, the accommodating cavity 3 of the box cover is positioned right above the explosion-proof valve 7, thermal runaway can occur in one or more batteries, the explosion-proof valve 7 is opened and high-heat substances are sprayed, after the inner layer 1 is melted through, the thermal runaway material is timely released, the position of the thermal runaway is extinguished and cooled, the thermal runaway of the batteries is slowed down, and the condition that the thermal runaway is diffused to other batteries in the system is avoided; however, the present invention is not limited to this, the outer edge 211 is inclined or vertically disposed on the sidewall 21, the mounting portion 61 is also inclined or vertically disposed on the side plate 6, and the inclination angles of the two are complementary to each other, so as to ensure that the large surface of the outer edge 211 contacts with the large surface of the mounting portion 61; according to the actual thermal runaway degree of the battery, the melting point of the middle layer 4 can also be equal to that of the inner layer 1, so that the thermal runaway-proof material between the middle layers 4 can also be quickly released, the reaction time can be shortened, the timeliness is higher, the reaction is quick, and the point-to-point direct thermal diffusion inhibition is realized.
In the present embodiment, the outer edge 211 is disposed at the sidewall 21 in an inclined or vertical manner, and the outer layer 2, the sidewall 21 and the outer edge 211 are integrally formed, which is helpful for improving the overall mechanical strength of the case cover, and simultaneously, the outer layer 2, the sidewall 21 and the outer edge 211 are not assembled, which is helpful for improving the overall installation efficiency of the case cover.
It should be noted that: except that the box cover can be provided with the double-layer or multi-layer structure, the side plate 6 and/or the bottom plate 5 of the lower box body can also be provided with the double-layer or multi-layer structure, the accommodating cavity 3 is arranged in the double-layer or multi-layer structure, the thermal runaway prevention material is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 3, the inner layer 1 can be melted through at a set temperature, the thermal runaway prevention material is released into the battery system, the position of the thermal runaway is extinguished and cooled, the thermal runaway of the battery is slowed down, and the condition that other batteries are diffused into the system is avoided; wherein, outer edge 211 sets up perpendicularly in lateral wall 21, and installation department 61 also sets up perpendicularly in curb plate 6, and outer edge 211 is parallel with installation department 61, and accessible welding, riveting or the mode of joint realize outer fixed connection between edge 211 and installation department 61, are about to the case lid and install in box down for lower box forms seal structure, nevertheless the utility model discloses not in order for the limit, outer edge 211 satisfies the slope or sets up perpendicularly in lateral wall 21, and installation department 61 also inclines or sets up perpendicularly in curb plate 6, and inclination between them is complementary, and the big face of edge 211 and the big face contact of installation department 61 can outside guaranteeing.
In addition, referring to fig. 12 to 15, the explosion-proof valve 7 can automatically and rapidly release the pressure of the battery when the battery rises in pressure due to overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent and short circuit inside the battery, so as to avoid safety accidents caused by explosion of the battery; specifically, the inner layer 1 of the accommodating cavity 3 corresponds to the position of an explosion-proof valve 7 of the battery, when the explosion-proof valve 7 is opened and eruption occurs, the inner layer 1 can be timely and effectively melted through, the effects of extinguishing and cooling are achieved, the situation that a large amount of heat is transmitted outwards and even can be diffused to other batteries in a system is avoided, the probability of chain reaction is reduced, the released thermal runaway prevention material has efficient heat absorption and extinguishment effects, the reaction time is favorably shortened, the timeliness is high, the reaction is rapid, and point-to-point direct thermal diffusion inhibition is achieved; the battery in the present embodiment has two terminals 8, namely, a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the first terminal may be a positive terminal or a negative terminal, and the second terminal is a negative terminal or a positive terminal.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any obvious modifications, replacements or variations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (11)
1. A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery, comprising:
an outer layer (2);
the inner layer (1) is coated on the inner side of the outer layer (2) and at least one part of the inner layer is exposed below the outer layer (2);
the inner layer (1) is enclosed to form an accommodating cavity (3), or the inner layer (1) and the outer layer (2) form an accommodating cavity (3), a thermal runaway prevention material is accommodated in the accommodating cavity (3), the inner layer (1) is melted through at a set temperature, and the thermal runaway prevention material is released into a battery system.
2. A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the outer layer (2) covers the inner layer (1), and a hollow structure (22) communicated with the inner layer (1) is arranged below the outer layer (2).
3. A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery as defined in claim 1, wherein: still include a plurality of middle level (4), a plurality of middle level (4) stack gradually the setting in inlayer (1) with between outer layer (2) to form multilayer structure, adjacent form a plurality of between middle level (4) hold chamber (3), middle level (4) are the meltdown under the settlement temperature, release thermal runaway material to battery system internal release.
4. A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery as defined in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the accommodating cavity (3) is internally provided with a plurality of partition plates (31) for dividing the accommodating cavity (3) into a plurality of cavities (30), and the partition plates (31) are provided with communicating grooves (311) or communicating holes.
5. A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery as defined in claim 4, wherein: the edge of skin (2) is provided with lateral wall (21), skin (2) lateral wall (21) reach inlayer (1) encloses into enclosure space, a plurality of cavity (30) sets up in the enclosure space.
6. A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery as defined in claim 3, wherein: the melting point of the outer layer (2) is greater than that of the middle layer (4), and the melting point of the middle layer (4) is greater than or equal to that of the inner layer (1).
7. A structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the thermal runaway prevention material is one of a coolant, a refrigerant, an electrolyte additive and a flame-retardant or fire-extinguishing material.
8. A battery module, its characterized in that: comprising the structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A battery pack comprising a case lid and a lower case, at least one of the case lid and the lower case being provided with the structure for preventing thermal runaway of a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein: still include a plurality of battery, the battery is provided with explosion-proof valve (7), the case lid is equipped with prevents the structure of battery thermal runaway, explosion-proof valve (7) set up case lid below.
11. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein: on being equipped with the structure of preventing battery thermal runaway the case lid, the edge of skin (2) is provided with lateral wall (21), the tip of lateral wall (21) be provided with lower box complex outer edge (211), outer edge (211) slope or set up perpendicularly in lateral wall (21), skin (2) lateral wall (21) reach outer edge (211) are the integrated into one piece structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120240607.2U CN214625211U (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery, battery module and battery pack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120240607.2U CN214625211U (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery, battery module and battery pack |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214625211U true CN214625211U (en) | 2021-11-05 |
Family
ID=78439082
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120240607.2U Active CN214625211U (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery, battery module and battery pack |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214625211U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114464945A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-10 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A can drop lithium cell and unmanned aerial vehicle for unmanned aerial vehicle |
-
2021
- 2021-01-28 CN CN202120240607.2U patent/CN214625211U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114464945A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-10 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A can drop lithium cell and unmanned aerial vehicle for unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN114464945B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-05-03 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A lithium cell that can drop and unmanned aerial vehicle for unmanned aerial vehicle |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20150056482A1 (en) | Battery pack with a fire preventing agent | |
| KR20190085005A (en) | Battery system | |
| KR20180088467A (en) | Low-profile pressure relief for lithium-ion batteries | |
| CN112103424B (en) | Battery module, battery pack including the battery module, and energy storage system including the battery pack | |
| JP2022545324A (en) | Battery case, battery, power consumption device, battery manufacturing method and apparatus | |
| EP4195367B1 (en) | Battery and related apparatus, production method and production device therefor | |
| KR101595607B1 (en) | Secondary battery with improved safety | |
| WO2023179192A1 (en) | Battery and electric apparatus | |
| CN214625211U (en) | Structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery, battery module and battery pack | |
| US20240204326A1 (en) | Battery module, battery pack, and electronic device | |
| KR102479561B1 (en) | Safety protection and control method and device of battery energy storage module | |
| CN113488721A (en) | Battery system and vehicle | |
| CN114175376A (en) | Battery and related device, preparation method and preparation equipment thereof | |
| CN215834583U (en) | Top cover structure for preventing thermal runaway of battery core and battery | |
| CN112952252A (en) | Structure for preventing battery explosion, battery module and battery pack | |
| CN214754053U (en) | Explosion-proof combination valve, top cap and battery | |
| CN216980715U (en) | Top cover structure with flame-retardant function and battery | |
| CN214625296U (en) | Integrated flame-retardant structure, top cover plate and battery | |
| KR101449787B1 (en) | Secondary battery with improved safety | |
| JP2024507420A (en) | Battery housing, battery, power consumption device, battery manufacturing method and device | |
| KR20240023430A (en) | Batteries, electrical devices, methods and devices for manufacturing batteries | |
| CA3227987A1 (en) | Case of battery, battery, power consumption device, and method and device for manufacturing battery | |
| CN220873705U (en) | Battery monomer, cover plate suite, battery and electricity utilization device | |
| CN215008495U (en) | Flame retardant structure, top cover and battery | |
| CN219801134U (en) | Battery pack and vehicle |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20220117 Address after: 215500 No. 68, Xin'anjiang Road, Southeast street, Changshu, Suzhou, Jiangsu Patentee after: Jiangsu Zenergy Battery Technologies Co.,ltd Address before: 210000 No.15, Huashang Road, Airport Economic Development Zone, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Jiangsu Tafel Power System Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: JIANGSU TAFEL NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: DONGGUAN TAFEL NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |