CN214621772U

CN214621772U - Pathological section knife

Info

Publication number: CN214621772U
Application number: CN202120476764.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖欣
Original assignee: West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University
Current assignee: West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University
Priority date: 2021-03-05
Filing date: 2021-03-05
Publication date: 2021-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-05

Abstract

The utility model provides a pathological slicing knife, which comprises a knife handle, a blade clamping head arranged at the front end of the knife handle and a blade detachably connected with the blade clamping head, wherein the lower end of the blade is a cutting edge; the lower end of the blade clamping head is provided with a sliding groove arranged along the length direction of the blade clamping head, the blade can slide in the sliding groove, and the blade clamping head is further connected with a fixing piece for fixing the blade. The utility model discloses an operation mounting removes the fixed of blade and blade dress chuck to from steady release blade in the spout, when changing the blade, need not with the help of the instrument, convenient operation, change the blade back many times moreover, the blade is still firm with being connected of blade dress chuck.

Description

Pathological section knife

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instrument, concretely relates to pathology slicing knife.

Background

Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard for clinical medical diagnosis, and the pathology department needs to establish pathological diagnosis by biopsy of diseased tissue of a patient. The pathological tissues and organs excised by the patient are sent to a pathology department, materials are manually taken by a pathologist, a characteristic pathological area is selected to be made into tissue slices, and the pathologist observes the tissue slices through a microscope so as to clearly diagnose the pathology.

The process of cutting characteristic pathological tissue from the surgically removed tissue by a pathologist is called pathological material taking, which is the first link of pathological diagnosis and is also an especially important link. The accuracy and the completeness of the selection of the lesion tissues determine the correctness and the completeness of subsequent diagnosis, the standardization of the shape, the size and the thickness of the tissue to be obtained determines the effect of the subsequent tissue slice production, and the tissue slice with poor effect can cause misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis and even no diagnosis. When taking materials from pathological conditions, one of the main materials-taking tools used by pathologists is a material-taking knife.

The existing pathological section knife generally comprises a knife handle, a blade clamping head fixedly connected to the front end of the knife handle and a blade in plug-in fit with the lower end of the blade clamping head, the blade is a feather blade conventionally equipped for a tissue microtome, the blade is thin and thin as a whole, the knife edge is long and narrow and sharp, and the blade is not separated from the blade clamping head when in use and is inserted into and in interference fit with the blade clamping head.

In order to ensure the quality of the materials to be taken, the pathological materials have high requirements on the sharpness of the blade, after the blade is used for a period of time, the blade needs to be taken down from the blade clamping head for replacement, and the blade needs to be replaced for 2-3 times when the materials are taken once. Because the blade and the blade clamping head are tightly inserted and in interference fit, the blade is difficult to disassemble by bare hands, the front end of the blade needs to protrude a little from the blade clamping head during the blade insertion, and the exposed front end part of the blade is knocked off the top end of the clamping head by other tools during the disassembly so as to loosen the blade. However, the mode of the device that the front end of the blade protrudes out of the blade clamping head easily causes the blade to be clamped in a solid tissue in the material taking operation, so that the blade is separated from the blade clamping head, and after the blade is taken down by multiple times of knocking, the top end of the blade clamping head is easy to deform, and after a new blade is re-installed, the connection between the new blade and the blade clamping head is loosened and easy to fall off; moreover, when a pathologist operates to draw materials, the front end of the blade protruding out of the blade clamping head is easy to scratch an operator, and the scratch of the blade polluted by body fluid of a patient is easy to cause medical infection.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving the technical problem existing in the prior art, and the purpose of the utility model is to provide a pathological section knife.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a pathological section knife comprises a knife handle, a blade clamping head arranged at the front end of the knife handle and a blade detachably connected with the blade clamping head, wherein the lower end of the blade is a cutting edge; the blade is connected with the blade clamping head by adopting one of the following structures:

the structure I is as follows: the lower end of the blade clamping head is provided with a sliding chute arranged along the length direction of the blade clamping head, the blade can slide in the sliding chute, and the blade clamping head is also connected with a fixing piece for fixing the blade;

the structure II is as follows: the blade clamping head is of a structure which is formed by two parts of sub-shells and can be opened and closed, the upper part of the blade is clamped in the blade clamping head and is clamped by the two sub-shells, convex columns are arranged on the inner side of one sub-shell, and clamping grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the convex columns and are in clamping fit with the convex columns are arranged on the inner side of the other sub-shell.

In the technical scheme, in the first structure, the fixing of the blade and the blade clamping head is released through operating the fixing part, and the blade is stably pushed out from the sliding groove, so that the operation is simple; in the second structure, the blade clamping head is of a structure capable of being opened and closed, and the blade can be taken out after the blade clamping head is opened, so that the operation is simple. The utility model discloses a pathology slicing knife need not to change the structure of blade, when changing the blade moreover, need not to strike the blade with the help of the instrument, can avoid blade dress chuck to take place to warp, changes the blade back many times, and the blade is still firm with being connected of blade dress chuck.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the first structure, the fixing member includes a clamping block which is slidably connected to the sliding groove and is disposed in the sliding groove, the front end of the clamping block extends to the outside of the blade clamping head, the blade clamp is disposed in the clamping block, and the clamping block drives the blade to slide in the sliding groove.

The utility model discloses an in the preferred embodiment, the front end opening of spout, the rear end of spout is sealed, and the mounting is established including the card in the spout and with spout sliding connection's the tight piece of clamp, the lower extreme that presss from both sides tight piece has the mouth groove of clamp, and the rigid coupling has first elastic block on the both sides wall in mouth groove, the blade clamp is established between two first elastic blocks, and first elastic block all has the protrusion in the outer convex part of pressing from both sides tight piece lower extreme, and when pressing from both sides tight piece and inserting the spout, outer convex part can be squeezed by the blade clamping head and become shape.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, insert the blade earlier and press from both sides between two first elastic blocks in the tight piece, then will be equipped with the tight piece of clamp of blade and slide in the spout from the front end of preceding spout, the convex part produces elastic deformation in order to increase the clamp force to the blade, and the blade can not drop when drawing materials, and the blade is connected firmly with blade clamping head.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the first structure, the front end of the sliding groove is open, the rear end of the sliding groove is closed, the fixing member is a fastening bolt, and the blade mounting head are fixedly connected by the fastening bolt detachably.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, when needing to pull down old blade, unscrew fastening bolt, follow the old blade of roll-off in the spout of blade clamping head, then slide new blade in the spout from the front end of preceding spout again, it can to tighten fastening bolt again, easy operation.

The utility model discloses an in another kind of preferred embodiment, offer the screw hole that communicates with the spout on the side of blade clamping head, fastening bolt threaded connection in screw hole screws up fastening bolt, and fastening bolt's afterbody can support tightly with the side of blade.

In the technical scheme, the tail part of the fastening bolt is abutted against the side surface of the blade, so that the blade and the blade clamping head are fixed.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second elastic block is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the chute away from the fastening bolt, and an elastic pad is fixedly disposed at the tail of the fastening bolt.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the frictional force of second elastic block increase blade and spout lateral wall, set up the frictional force of cushion increase blade and fastening bolt afterbody to increase the clamp force that locking bolt applyed for the blade, improve the firmness that the blade is connected.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the second structure, the upper ends of the two sub-housings of the blade mounting head are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, the slot and the protruding column are disposed inside the lower portions of the two sub-housings, and the upper portion of the blade has a through hole which is in one-to-one correspondence with the protruding column and is sleeved on the protruding column.

In the technical scheme, the through hole of the blade is sleeved on the convex column, so that the blade is more firmly connected with the blade clamping head.

The utility model discloses a in another preferred embodiment, the both sides of handle of a knife front end can be dismantled and be connected with the light, the light-emitting direction of light is towards the oblique below of blade cutting edge.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up the light, use this pathology slicer section to draw materials, reduce the shadow when drawing materials, improve the precision of drawing materials.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blade cartridge and the handle are integrally formed or separately formed and then fixedly connected together.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the blade mounting clamp and the handle are separately arranged, the rear end of the blade mounting clamp and the front end of the handle are inserted and matched and fixed by the connecting bolt.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a front view of a pathological section knife according to a first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view a-a in fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the process of sliding the insert from the insert holder.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a pathological section knife in the second embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view B-B in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the connection between the blade and the blade holder of the pathological section knife in the third embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the cutter comprises a cutter handle 10, a cutter blade clamping head 20, a sliding groove 21, a sub-shell 22, a convex column 221, a clamping groove 222, a third elastic block 223, a cutter blade 30, a fixing piece 40, a clamping block 41, a first elastic block 42, an outer convex part 421, a fastening bolt 43, a second elastic block 51 and an elastic pad 52.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, or may be connected between two elements through an intermediate medium, or may be directly connected or indirectly connected, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Example one

The present embodiment provides a pathological section knife, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a preferred embodiment, the pathological section knife comprises a handle 10, a blade cartridge 20 disposed at a front end of the handle 10, and a blade 30 detachably connected to the blade cartridge 20, wherein a lower end of the blade 30 is a blade edge, and the blade cartridge 20 is preferably made of metal, so that the service life is prolonged. The lower end of the blade cartridge 20 is provided with a slide groove 21 along the length direction thereof, the blade 30 can slide back and forth in the slide groove 21, and the blade cartridge 20 is further connected with a fixing member 40 for fixing the blade 30.

As shown in fig. 2, the front end of the slide groove 21 is open, and the rear end of the slide groove 21 is closed. As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the sliding slot is a T-shaped slot or a dovetail slot, the fixing member 40 includes a clamping block 41 that is clamped in the sliding slot 21 and slidably connected to the sliding slot 21, a front end of the clamping block 41 extends to the outside of the blade clamping head 20, the blade 20 is clamped in the clamping block 41, and the clamping block 41 drives the blade 20 to slide in the sliding slot 21. For example, the lower end of the clamping block 41 has a clamping opening groove, two side walls of the clamping opening groove are fixedly connected with a first elastic block 42, and the first elastic block 42 is made of a material capable of generating elastic deformation, such as rubber or silica gel. The blade 30 is interposed between two first elastic blocks 42, each of the first elastic blocks 42 has an outer protrusion 421 protruding from a lower end of the clamping block 41, and when the clamping block 41 is inserted into the slide slot 21, the outer protrusion 421 is pressed and deformed by the blade cartridge 20, thereby clamping the blade 30. As shown in fig. 3, when the blade 30 needs to be removed, the front end of the clamping block 41 extending outside is clamped by hands, a clamp or tweezers, the clamping block 41 slides forwards in the sliding slot 21, the blade 20 slides out of the sliding slot 21 together with the clamping block 41, and then the old blade is taken out of the clamping block 41; after the old blade is removed, the new blade is inserted between the two first elastic blocks 42 of the clamping block 41 in order to ensure that the blade can be easily inserted between the two first elastic blocks 42, but the blade does not fall off the clamping block 41, and then the clamping block 41 is inserted into the slide groove 21 from the front end of the slide groove 21, thereby fixing the new blade to the blade cartridge 20.

Of course, a sliding rail communicating with the sliding groove 21 may be provided on the side of the blade cartridge 20, and a sliding pushing member is provided on the side of the end of the clamping block 41, and the sliding pushing member extends from the side of the blade cartridge 20 to the sliding rail for a certain distance to facilitate pushing, and when the sliding pushing member is pushed to the foremost end (the end farthest from the handle) of the sliding groove 21, the blade 30 is completely pushed away from the sliding groove. The provision of a slide rail and slide pusher facilitates the pushing of the clamping block 41 and the removal of the blade 30.

In another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the front end surface of the blade 30 is located at a distance from the front end of the blade cartridge 20, and the rear end surface of the blade 30 is located at a distance from the front end surface of the handle 10, thereby preventing the front and rear end surfaces of the blade from scratching the hand of the operator.

In another preferred embodiment, the two sides of the front end of the handle 10 are detachably connected with LED illuminating lamps (not shown in the figure), and the light emitting direction of the illuminating lamps faces to the oblique lower part of the cutting edge of the blade 30, so as to reduce the shadow during material taking and improve the precision of material taking.

In the present embodiment, the illumination lamp may be clamped to the shank 10 by a clip, or may be screwed or engaged with the shank. The illuminating lamp can be provided with a battery and a power supply circuit, for example, the illuminating lamp can be a lamp with a rechargeable battery, and a storage battery or a rechargeable battery (battery for short) can also be arranged in the handle, and the illuminating lamp is electrically connected with the battery. Considering that the pathological section knife can be frequently placed in formalin, when a battery is arranged in the knife handle 10, an insulating waterproof layer is arranged outside the knife handle to prevent short circuit.

In another preferred embodiment, the insert cartridge 20 is integrally formed with the handle 10 or is formed separately and then fixedly attached. When the blade cartridge 20 and the handle 10 are integrally formed, for example, the blade cartridge 20 and the handle 10 are both made of metal; when the blade cartridge 20 is separated from the tool holder 10, for example, the tool holder 10 is made of plastic, the blade cartridge 20 is made of metal, and the rear end of the blade cartridge 20 is inserted into the front end of the tool holder 10 and fixed by a connecting bolt.

Example two

The structure principle of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the fixing member 40 has a different structure. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the slide groove 21 is a rectangular groove with an open lower end, the fixing member 40 is a fastening bolt 43, and the blade 30 and the blade cartridge 20 are detachably and fixedly connected by the fastening bolt 43. For example, a threaded hole communicated with the sliding groove 21 is formed in the side face of the blade clamping head 20, the fastening bolt 43 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the fastening bolt 43 is screwed, and the tail of the fastening bolt 43 can be abutted against the side face of the blade 30, so that the blade 30 and the blade clamping head 20 are fixed, and the blade 30 and the blade clamping head 20 are not loosened during pathological section.

When the old blade needs to be removed, the fastening bolt 43 is unscrewed, the blade is clamped by a clamp or tweezers, and the old blade slides forwards or is taken out downwards from the sliding groove 21 of the blade clamping head 20; after the old blade is removed, the upper portion of the new blade is engaged in the slide groove 21, and then the fastening bolt 43 is tightened to fix the new blade to the blade cartridge 20.

As shown in fig. 5, in another preferred embodiment, a second elastic block 51 is fixedly arranged on a side wall of the sliding groove 21 away from the fastening bolt 43, an elastic pad 52 is fixedly arranged at a tail part of the fastening bolt 43, and the second elastic block 51 and the elastic pad 52 are made of rubber or silica gel, so that friction between the blade 30 and the blade clamping head 20 and friction between the blade 30 and the fastening bolt 43 are improved, and thus the clamping force on the blade 30 is increased.

In the present embodiment, the number and the position of the fastening bolts 43 may be set according to actual conditions, and fig. 5 shows that the number of the fastening bolts 43 is two, and two fastening bolts 43 are respectively provided at the front end and the rear end of the insert cartridge 20.

EXAMPLE III

The construction principle of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment except that the blade 30 is connected to the blade cartridge 20 in a different manner. As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the blade cartridge 20 is an openable structure composed of two sub-housings 22, and the upper portion of the blade 30 is clamped in the blade cartridge 20 and clamped by the two sub-housings 22, for example, the inner side of the left sub-housing 22 in fig. 6 has at least two protruding columns 221 distributed along the length direction of the blade cartridge 20, the inner side of the right sub-housing 22 has slots 222 corresponding to the protruding columns 221 in a one-to-one manner and in snap fit, and the two sub-housings 22 are fastened and fixed together by the protruding columns 221 and the slots 222.

In this embodiment, the upper ends of the two sub-housings 22 of the blade cartridge 20 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft (not shown), the inner sides of the lower portions of the two sub-housings 22 are fixedly provided with third elastic blocks 223 made of rubber or silica gel, the upper portion of the blade 30 is pressed between the two third elastic blocks 223, and the engaging groove 222 and the protruding column 221 are arranged above the third elastic blocks 223.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the old blade needs to be detached, the blade clamping head 20 is opened to enable the convex column 221 to be separated from the clamping groove 222, and then the old blade is taken down; next, a new blade is placed between the two third elastic blocks 223, then the blade mounting head 20 is closed, and after the two sub-housings 22 are buckled with the clamping groove 222 through the convex column 221, the new blade is pressed between the two third elastic blocks 223 and clamped by the two third elastic blocks 223, so that fixation is realized.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "preferred embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pathological slicing knife comprises a knife handle, a blade clamping head arranged at the front end of the knife handle and a blade detachably connected with the blade clamping head, wherein the lower end of the blade is a cutting edge; the blade is characterized in that the blade is connected with the blade clamping head by adopting one of the following structures:

2. The pathological section knife of claim 1, wherein in the first configuration, the fixing member includes a clamping block that is engaged with the sliding groove and slidably connected to the sliding groove, the front end of the clamping block extends to the outside of the blade clamping head, the blade is clamped in the clamping block, and the clamping block drives the blade to slide in the sliding groove.

3. The pathological section knife of claim 2, wherein the front end of the sliding groove is open, the rear end of the sliding groove is closed, the lower end of the clamping block is provided with a clamping groove, two side walls of the clamping groove are fixedly connected with first elastic blocks, the blade is clamped between the two first elastic blocks, each first elastic block is provided with an outward convex part protruding out of the lower end of the clamping block, and when the clamping block is inserted into the sliding groove, the outward convex parts are squeezed and deformed by the blade clamping head.

4. The pathological slicing knife of claim 1, wherein in the first configuration, the front end of the sliding groove is open, the rear end of the sliding groove is closed, the fixing member is a fastening bolt, and the blade clamping head are detachably and fixedly connected through the fastening bolt.

5. The pathological slicing knife according to claim 4, wherein a threaded hole communicated with the chute is formed in the side surface of the blade clamping head, the fastening bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the fastening bolt is screwed, and the tail of the fastening bolt can be abutted against the side surface of the blade.

6. The pathological section knife of claim 5, wherein a second elastic block is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the chute far away from the fastening bolt, and an elastic pad is fixedly arranged at the tail of the fastening bolt.

7. The pathological section knife of claim 1, wherein in the second configuration, the upper ends of the two sub-housings of the blade holder are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft, the inner sides of the lower portions of the two sub-housings are fixedly provided with the third elastic blocks, the upper portion of the blade is pressed between the two third elastic blocks, and the locking groove and the protruding column are arranged above the third elastic blocks.

8. The pathological section knife according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein illuminating lamps are detachably connected to two sides of the front end of the knife handle, and the light emitting direction of the illuminating lamps faces obliquely below the blade edge.

9. The pathological slicing knife of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the blade cartridge and the knife handle are integrally formed or separately arranged and then fixedly connected into a whole.

10. The pathological microtome according to claim 9, wherein when the blade cartridge and the handle are separately provided, the rear end of the blade cartridge is inserted into the front end of the handle and fixed by a connecting bolt.