CN214606989U - Pure electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system - Google Patents
Pure electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214606989U CN214606989U CN202120743819.2U CN202120743819U CN214606989U CN 214606989 U CN214606989 U CN 214606989U CN 202120743819 U CN202120743819 U CN 202120743819U CN 214606989 U CN214606989 U CN 214606989U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a pure electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system, which comprises a compressor, a first plate heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, a condenser, a thermostatic expansion valve and a second plate heat exchanger which are connected in sequence and form a refrigerant circulation loop; the system further comprises a cab water air conditioner core, wherein a liquid outlet of the cab water air conditioner core is respectively communicated with liquid inlets of the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger, a liquid inlet of the cab water air conditioner core is communicated with a water pump, the water pump is respectively communicated with a liquid outlet of the first plate heat exchanger through a first stop valve, and is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second plate heat exchanger through a second stop valve. The system is simple in arrangement, low in cost and easy to control.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a pure electric engineering machinery changes in temperature air conditioning system belongs to electric motor car technical field.
Background
The pure electric vehicle is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power, drives wheels to run by using a motor, and simultaneously drives a hydraulic system to do work by using the motor as power. At present, two schemes are adopted for controlling the temperature of a cab: firstly, adopt air conditioning system during refrigeration, adopt PTC warm braw system during heating, this is two independent systems, and air conditioning system refrigerant circuit only refrigerates the driver's cabin, and PTC warm braw system only heats the driver's cabin, and dual system is with high costs, arranges complicacy, and the energy efficiency ratio is low during heating, influences the continuation of the journey mileage of vehicle greatly. And secondly, a heat pump system is adopted, the exchange of a condenser and an evaporator is realized through the reversing of a four-way valve, and then the refrigerating and heating requirements of a cab are further realized.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a cool and warm air conditioning system that can effectively control pure electric engineering machinery driver's cabin temperature, arrange simply, practice thrift the cost is provided.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a pure electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system, which comprises a compressor, a first plate heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, a condenser, a thermostatic expansion valve and a second plate heat exchanger which are connected in sequence and form a refrigerant circulation loop; the system further comprises a cab water air conditioner core, wherein a liquid outlet of the cab water air conditioner core is respectively communicated with liquid inlets of the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger, a liquid inlet of the cab water air conditioner core is communicated with a water pump, the water pump is respectively communicated with a liquid outlet of the first plate heat exchanger through a first stop valve, and is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second plate heat exchanger through a second stop valve.
Further, the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger both comprise an antifreeze layer and a refrigerant layer.
Further, the second plate heat exchanger is also sequentially connected with a hydraulic system and a proportional valve to form a loop.
Further, the second plate heat exchanger comprises an anti-freezing liquid layer, a refrigerant layer and a hydraulic oil layer in sequence. Namely, the second plate heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger with three branches and three media coexisting, and a hydraulic oil circulation loop is formed by the second plate heat exchanger, the hydraulic system and the proportional valve.
The utility model discloses a cold warm air conditioning system still includes the controller, and each part accessible controller is controlled, and the controller can realize the conversion of refrigeration heating and system waste heat recovery utilization through the control to the valve member. Controlling the circulation of hydraulic oil by controlling a proportional valve, realizing waste heat recycling when proportionally opening, and not recycling waste heat when completely shutting down; the on-off of the first stop valve and the second stop valve is controlled to control the circulation of two paths of antifreeze solution or not so as to realize the switching of the refrigeration and the heating of the cab; the function of the first plate heat exchanger in a refrigerant loop is realized by controlling whether the electronic expansion valve is fully opened or not, a channel is formed when the electronic expansion valve is fully opened, the whole refrigerant cycle is a refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant is condensed at the condenser, the refrigerant is evaporated at the second plate heat exchanger, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the antifreeze to cool a cab; when the opening degree is adjusted according to the evaporation temperature of a refrigerant in the condenser, the first plate heat exchanger is the condenser, heat exchange is carried out between low-temperature antifreeze and a high-temperature refrigerant, the antifreeze is heated, the refrigerant is cooled and condensed, the condenser and the second plate heat exchanger in the refrigerant circulation are evaporators, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the ambient temperature at the condenser, and exchanges heat with hydraulic oil at the second plate heat exchanger, the ambient temperature and the high-temperature hydraulic oil provide heat sources for evaporation of the refrigerant, and meanwhile, the ambient temperature and the hydraulic oil are further cooled), and the control of the system respectively realizes waste heat recycling of the hydraulic oil, secondary evaporation of the refrigerant and refrigeration of a water air-conditioning circulation loop of a cab.
The pure electric engineering mechanical air conditioning system of the utility model can realize refrigeration and heating through the following processes,
refrigerating: the controller controls the electronic expansion valve to be fully opened, the thermostatic expansion valve adjusts the opening degree according to the evaporation temperature of the second plate heat exchanger, at the moment, the first plate heat exchanger is only a channel, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed by the compressor sequentially passes through the first plate heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve, reaches the condenser, is condensed by the condenser, then passes through the thermostatic expansion valve, reaches the second plate heat exchanger to be evaporated, and then returns to the compressor to form refrigerant circulation; meanwhile, the controller controls the first stop valve to be closed, the second stop valve to be opened, the antifreeze liquid which absorbs the ambient heat of the cab and is heated is circulated to the second plate heat exchanger to be subjected to heat exchange with the refrigerant to obtain cooling, and then the antifreeze liquid is circulated to the water air conditioning core body of the cab to refrigerate the cab through the second stop valve and the water pump in sequence. In the process, the antifreeze absorbs heat in the environment in the cab, the liquid refrigerant in the second plate heat exchanger exchanges heat with the antifreeze, the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates, and the antifreeze is cooled. In the refrigeration process, the controller correspondingly adjusts the working states of the compressor, a condensing fan of the condenser and a water pump according to an air conditioner regulator instruction of the cab, the detected liquid inlet (anti-freezing solution) temperature of the second plate heat exchanger and the detected high-low pressure value in the refrigerant loop;
heating: the controller controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve according to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser, the thermostatic expansion valve adjusts the opening degree according to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the second plate heat exchanger, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed by the compressor is condensed in the first plate heat exchanger and then reaches the condenser through the electronic expansion valve, at the moment, the condenser is used as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant once (incomplete evaporation when the ambient temperature is low) and then reaches the second plate heat exchanger through the thermostatic expansion valve, the second plate heat exchanger evaporates the refrigerant for the second time and then returns to the compressor, and refrigerant circulation is formed; meanwhile, the controller controls the first stop valve to be opened, the second stop valve to be closed, the antifreeze solution after heat release and cooling of the cab circulates to the first plate heat exchanger to absorb heat and raise the temperature, and the antifreeze solution after temperature rise sequentially circulates to the water air conditioning core body of the cab through the first stop valve and the water pump to heat the cab. In the process, the gaseous refrigerant in the first plate heat exchanger exchanges heat with the antifreeze, the refrigerant is cooled and condensed, and the antifreeze absorbs heat and is heated.
During heating, the flow of hydraulic oil is regulated through the proportional valve according to design requirements, and after the hydraulic oil brings waste heat of the hydraulic system, secondary evaporation is carried out on the refrigerant in the second plate heat exchanger. The refrigerant with incomplete primary evaporation in the condenser absorbs waste heat brought by hydraulic oil in the second plate heat exchanger, the refrigerant is changed into a gaseous state from a liquid state, the phase change of the refrigerant is completed, the waste heat is carried by the refrigerant and enters the compressor as latent heat, the refrigerant is completely in the gaseous state before entering the compressor, then the next cycle is carried out, and when the gaseous refrigerant is condensed into the liquid state at the first plate heat exchanger, the heat is released.
The whole cooling and heating air conditioning system is controlled by a controller, the controller reads the temperature of the antifreeze in an antifreeze circulating system and the high-low pressure of a refrigerant loop, controls the rotating speed of a compressor, the rotating speed of a condensing fan in a condenser, the on-off of a first stop valve and a second stop valve, the flow of a water pump, the opening of an electronic expansion valve and an air conditioning control panel to communicate, so that a working instruction is received and the working state of the system is fed back.
The utility model organically integrates the refrigerating and heating system of the cab, and realizes the state switching of the first plate heat exchanger by controlling the state of the electronic expansion valve (fully open or adjusting according to the evaporation temperature of the condenser), the electronic expansion valve is fully open when refrigerating in summer, and the first plate heat exchanger is a refrigerant channel; the water pump, the cab water air conditioner core, the second plate heat exchanger, the second stop valve and the second anti-freezing solution circulation loop are connected to provide refrigeration requirements for the cab. When heating in winter, the electronic expansion valve adjusts the opening degree according to the evaporation temperature of a condenser (the condenser is used as an evaporator at the moment), and the first plate heat exchanger is the condenser at the moment; the water pump, the cab water air conditioner core, the first plate heat exchanger, the first stop valve and the first anti-freezing solution circulation loop are connected to provide heating requirements for driving. The structure replaces the original cab air conditioning system, the whole structure is ingenious, the structure is greatly simplified, the cost is reduced, the arrangement space is saved, and the arrangement of the whole vehicle is simplified; the switching of the refrigerating and heating requirements can be realized by controlling the working states of the stop valve and the electronic expansion valve, the control is simple, the refrigerating and heating effects are good, and the defects of the two current schemes are overcome.
Additionally, the utility model discloses a second plate heat exchanger adopts three branches, three kinds of media, forms waste heat recovery and utilizes hydraulic oil circulation circuit with proportional valve and hydraulic system. The vehicle hydraulic system can generate certain waste heat in the working process of the vehicle, so that the hydraulic system can provide heat for the evaporation of the refrigerant when the air conditioning system heats in winter. The problem that the existing energy efficiency ratio of heat intake from the environment is low or the heat intake cannot be carried out is solved under the low-temperature environment in winter, the waste heat of the vehicle is effectively recycled, the heating comfort of a cab in winter is improved, and the electric energy consumed by heating requirements is reduced, so that the cruising range of the vehicle is increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of three medium layers of the second plate heat exchanger of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1-a compressor; 2-a first plate heat exchanger; 3-an electronic expansion valve; 4-a condenser; 5-a thermostatic expansion valve; 6-a second plate heat exchanger; 7-a first stop valve; 8-a second stop valve; 9-a water pump; 10-cab water air conditioning core; 11-a proportional valve; 12-hydraulic system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the following examples. The following examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the pure electric engineering mechanical air conditioning system includes a compressor 1, a first plate heat exchanger 2, an electronic expansion valve 3, a condenser 4, a thermostatic expansion valve 5, and a second plate heat exchanger 6, which are connected in sequence, to form a refrigerant circulation loop, that is, a refrigerant is sent from the compressor 1, passes through the first plate heat exchanger 2, the electronic expansion valve 3, the condenser 4, the thermostatic expansion valve 5, and the second plate heat exchanger 6 in sequence, and then returns to the compressor 1. The system further comprises a cab water air conditioner core body 10, wherein a liquid outlet of the cab water air conditioner core body 10 is respectively communicated with liquid inlets of the first plate type heat exchanger 2 and the second plate type heat exchanger 6, a liquid inlet of the cab water air conditioner core body 10 is communicated with a water pump 9, the water pump 9 is respectively communicated with a liquid outlet of the first plate type heat exchanger 2 through a first stop valve 7, and is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second plate type heat exchanger 6 through a second stop valve 8.
The first plate heat exchanger 2 and the second plate heat exchanger 6 are both provided with an antifreeze liquid layer and a refrigerant layer, namely, two inlets and two outlets are adopted, and two medium layers are arranged in a staggered way.
The cooling and heating control of the system is as follows:
refrigerating: the controller controls the electronic expansion valve 3 to be fully opened, the thermostatic expansion valve 5 adjusts the opening degree according to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the second plate heat exchanger 6, at the moment, the first plate heat exchanger 2 is only a channel, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 sequentially passes through the first plate heat exchanger 2 and the electronic expansion valve 3, reaches the condenser 4, is condensed by the condenser 4, then passes through the thermostatic expansion valve 5, reaches the second plate heat exchanger 6 to be evaporated, and then returns to the compressor 1, so that refrigerant circulation is formed; meanwhile, the controller controls the first stop valve 7 to be closed, the second stop valve 8 to be opened, the antifreeze is circulated to the second plate heat exchanger 6 to be cooled after exchanging heat with the refrigerant, and then circulated to the water air conditioning core 10 of the cab through the second stop valve 8 and the water pump 9 in sequence to refrigerate the cab;
heating: the controller controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 3 according to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser 4, the thermostatic expansion valve 5 adjusts the opening degree according to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the second plate heat exchanger 6, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is condensed in the first plate heat exchanger 2 and then reaches the condenser 4 through the electronic expansion valve 3, at the moment, the condenser 4 serves as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant for the first time and then reaches the second plate heat exchanger 6 through the thermostatic expansion valve 5, the second plate heat exchanger 6 evaporates the refrigerant for the second time and then returns to the compressor 1, and refrigerant circulation is formed; meanwhile, the controller controls the first stop valve 7 to be opened, the second stop valve 8 to be closed, the antifreeze is circulated to the first plate heat exchanger 2 to absorb heat and raise the temperature, and the heated antifreeze is circulated to the cab water air conditioning core 10 through the first stop valve 7 and the water pump 9 in sequence to heat the cab.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the second plate heat exchanger 6 is also connected to a hydraulic system 12 and a proportional valve 11 of the vehicle in sequence, and forms a circuit. The second plate heat exchanger 6 adopts three media of three branches, as shown in fig. 3, and sequentially comprises an antifreeze liquid layer, a refrigerant layer and a hydraulic oil layer. The second plate heat exchanger 6, the proportional valve 11 and the hydraulic system 12 form a waste heat recovery and utilization hydraulic oil circulation loop. The hydraulic system 12 has the waste heat generated by the vehicle work, and the loop can respectively realize the waste heat recovery of hydraulic oil, the secondary evaporation of a refrigerant and the refrigeration of a water air conditioning circulation loop of a cab through the control of a valve element.
In the heating process, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the antifreeze at the first plate heat exchanger 2 to be cooled and condensed, the electronic expansion valve 3 adjusts the opening degree according to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser 4, the refrigerant absorbs the ambient temperature in the condenser 4 to obtain primary evaporation, the condenser is changed into an evaporator in the refrigerant cycle at the moment, and the primary evaporation is incomplete evaporation when the ambient temperature is low in winter. The thermostatic expansion valve 5 adjusts the opening according to the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the second plate heat exchanger 6, the proportional valve 11 adjusts the flow of hydraulic oil according to design requirements, and the hydraulic oil absorbs the waste heat of the hydraulic system and then secondarily evaporates the refrigerant in the second plate heat exchanger 6, so that the refrigerant is ensured to return to the compressor 1 in a gaseous state.
The rest of the parts which are not mentioned are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described again.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and additions can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and additions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A pure electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system is characterized in that: the system comprises a compressor, a first plate heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, a condenser, a thermal expansion valve and a second plate heat exchanger which are sequentially connected and form a refrigerant circulation loop; the system further comprises a cab water air conditioner core, wherein a liquid outlet of the cab water air conditioner core is respectively communicated with liquid inlets of the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger, a liquid inlet of the cab water air conditioner core is communicated with a water pump, the water pump is respectively communicated with the liquid outlet of the first plate heat exchanger through a first stop valve, and is communicated with the liquid outlet of the second plate heat exchanger through a second stop valve.
2. The purely electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger both comprise an anti-freezing liquid layer and a refrigerant layer.
3. The purely electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the second plate heat exchanger is also sequentially connected with a hydraulic system and a proportional valve to form a loop.
4. The purely electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the second plate heat exchanger sequentially comprises an anti-freezing liquid layer, a refrigerant layer and a hydraulic oil layer.
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CN202120743819.2U CN214606989U (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Pure electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system |
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CN202120743819.2U CN214606989U (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Pure electric engineering machinery cooling and heating air conditioning system |
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