CN214538229U - Vector hydrophone - Google Patents
Vector hydrophone Download PDFInfo
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- CN214538229U CN214538229U CN202120916716.1U CN202120916716U CN214538229U CN 214538229 U CN214538229 U CN 214538229U CN 202120916716 U CN202120916716 U CN 202120916716U CN 214538229 U CN214538229 U CN 214538229U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a vector hydrophone belongs to underwater acoustic signal detection technical field. The hydrophone comprises a composite sound sensor and a sound-transmitting sealed cavity for suspending the composite sound sensor, wherein a sound-transmitting liquid medium is arranged in the sound-transmitting sealed cavity; the density of the sound-transmitting liquid medium is 0.9g/cm3To 1.2g/cm3In the meantime. The utility model discloses can improve vector hydrophone's stability and environmental suitability, be favorable to the accuracy that the signal detected under water.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to underwater acoustic signal surveys technical field, in particular to vector hydrophone.
Background
With the continuous development of underwater target stealth technology, the vector hydrophone has become a main receiver in the underwater target low-frequency and even very low-frequency detection technology, and is widely applied to the field of underwater acoustic engineering. The vector hydrophone serving as a novel underwater acoustic transducer can provide particle vibration velocity information of an underwater sound field, and has excellent low-frequency cosine directivity, so that higher gain can be obtained under a small aperture.
Vector hydrophones can be divided into two broad categories according to their principles of operation. One of the types is non-inertial, and comprises a differential pressure type vector hydrophone and a multi-mode vector hydrophone, the vector hydrophone does not need an elastic suspension structure and can be independently used, and the performance index is determined by the sensor; the other is an inertial type, which is usually represented as a co-vibrating column type or spherical vector hydrophone, and the vector hydrophone adopts an inertial device as a sensing inner core, and realizes the detection of underwater acoustic signals through sensing acceleration or speed parameters, so a spring or a rubber band is required to be used as an elastic suspension structure in the use process, and the performance index is determined by the suspension system and the sensor.
Because non-inertial vector hydrophones are typically large in size and relatively inconsistent, current vector hydrophones are primarily of the inertial type. Aiming at the problem that the inertial vector hydrophone is mostly suspended point to point by adopting a metal spring or a rubber rope, and the repeated suspension can cause unstable performance indexes of the hydrophone,
"a homovibration vector hydrophone capable of being rigidly and fixedly installed" is disclosed in CN206593751U by thanksack et al, the national liberation force 91388 army in 2017, the vector hydrophone adopts piezoelectric elements to form a vector hydrophone, and liquid silicon rubber is used for replacing rubber bands or springs to serve as an elastic structure; liushuang, the university of Harbin in 2016, discloses a novel vector hydrophone study in a doctor's thesis, and also adopts an elastic inclusion as an elastic structure to realize the fixed installation of the hydrophone. The above disclosure has the following problems: 1, the performance of the elastic structure body is influenced by the surrounding environment, so that the performance of the vector hydrophone is influenced; 2 the outside lacks effectual protection architecture, and the direct aqueous medium contact of sound perception sensor is relatively poor in stability.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a vector hydrophone. The hydrophone improves the stability and the environmental adaptability of the vector hydrophone and is beneficial to the accuracy of underwater signal detection.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a vector hydrophone comprises a composite acoustic sensor and an acoustically transparent sealed cavity; the composite acoustic sensor is suspended in the acoustic transmission sealed cavity, and an acoustic transmission liquid medium is arranged in the acoustic transmission sealed cavity; the density of the sound-transmitting liquid medium is 0.9g/cm3-1.2g/cm3。
Further, the sound-transmitting liquid medium is silicone oil or light wax oil.
Further, the center of gravity of the composite acoustic sensor coincides with the center of gravity of the acoustically transparent sealed cavity.
Further, the acoustically transparent sealed cavity comprises an acoustically transparent shell and a support; the sound-transmitting shell is coated outside the support, and the support comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover and a support column; a wire outlet hole is formed in the middle of the upper end cover, and an oil filling hole and an exhaust hole are formed in two positions of the upper end cover which are symmetrical with respect to the circle center respectively; the supporting columns are erected on the top of the lower end cover in parallel and are arranged in a circumferential array mode; the upper end cover is fixed at the top of the parallel support columns; wherein, the sound-transmitting shell is made of sound-transmitting elastic material.
Furthermore, the column walls at the two ends of the support column are provided with hanging lugs; the outer wall of the composite acoustic sensor is provided with a lifting lug; the corresponding hanging lugs are connected with the lifting lugs through elastic elements.
Further, the elastic element is a spring or a rubber band.
The composite sound sensor further comprises a cable, wherein one end of the cable is connected to the composite sound sensor, and the other end of the cable penetrates through the wire outlet hole; and the gap between the cable and the wire outlet hole is filled by polyurethane.
Further, the material of the sound-transmitting shell is polyurethane.
Furthermore, the sound-transmitting sealed cavity also comprises an upper locking ring and a lower locking ring; the upper locking ring is used for hooping the upper end cover and the sound-transmitting shell, and the lower locking ring is used for hooping the lower end cover and the sound-transmitting shell.
Furthermore, the oil filling hole and the exhaust hole are internally provided with screws for realizing sealing.
The utility model adopts the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme produced lies in:
1. the utility model discloses owing to adopt "oil blanket" structural design, encapsulate compound acoustic sensor in the sealed cavity of sound transmission to spring through having set up elastic coefficient in advance hangs compound acoustic sensor and installs, makes suspension and compound acoustic sensor become a whole and seals inside "oil blanket" structure, during the use directly through the upper and lower screw hole rigidity on the end cover fix on the platform can, avoided dismantling or change the unstable performance that the spring arouses.
2. The utility model has the advantages that the sound-transmitting shell has good acoustic performance, and can transmit the sound signal to the inside of the hydrophone without damage; on the other hand, the sound-transmitting shell can also play the role of a flow guide cover, reduce the influence of underwater environment flow noise and prevent the attachment of microorganisms in water and the corrosion of the environment.
3. The utility model adopts the design of low cost and miniaturization, and the power supply and the signal transmission line extend from the interior of the composite acoustic sensor to the exterior of the whole hydrophone, thereby avoiding the use of expensive watertight connectors and reducing the cost; and simultaneously, the mass and the size of the hydrophone are greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic overall appearance diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 11. the composite sound sensor comprises a composite sound sensor body 12, a suspension spring 13, a support column 14, an upper end cover 15, a lower end cover 16, a sound-transmitting shell 17, an upper locking ring 18, a lower locking ring 19, a cable 21, a wire outlet hole 22, an oil filling hole 23, an exhaust hole 24 and a platform mounting screw hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
A vector hydrophone comprises a composite acoustic sensor and an acoustically transparent sealed cavity; the composite acoustic sensor is suspended in the acoustic transmission sealed cavity, and an acoustic transmission liquid medium is arranged in the acoustic transmission sealed cavity; the density of the sound-transmitting liquid medium is 0.9g/cm3-1.2g/cm3。
Further, the sound-transmitting liquid medium is silicone oil or light wax oil.
Further, the center of gravity of the composite acoustic sensor coincides with the center of gravity of the acoustically transparent sealed cavity.
Further, the acoustically transparent sealed cavity comprises an acoustically transparent shell and a support; the sound-transmitting shell is coated outside the support, and the support comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover and a support column; a wire outlet hole is formed in the middle of the upper end cover, and an oil filling hole and an exhaust hole are formed in two positions of the upper end cover which are symmetrical with respect to the circle center respectively; the supporting columns are erected on the top of the lower end cover in parallel and are arranged in a circumferential array mode; the upper end cover is fixed at the top of the parallel support columns; wherein, the sound-transmitting shell is made of sound-transmitting elastic material.
Furthermore, the column walls at the two ends of the support column are provided with hanging lugs; the outer wall of the composite acoustic sensor is provided with a lifting lug; the corresponding hanging lugs are connected with the lifting lugs through elastic elements.
Further, the elastic element is a spring or a rubber band.
The composite sound sensor further comprises a cable, wherein one end of the cable is connected to the composite sound sensor, and the other end of the cable penetrates through the wire outlet hole; and the gap between the cable and the wire outlet hole is filled by polyurethane.
Further, the material of the sound-transmitting shell is polyurethane.
Furthermore, the sound-transmitting sealed cavity also comprises an upper locking ring and a lower locking ring; the upper locking ring is used for hooping the upper end cover and the sound-transmitting shell, and the lower locking ring is used for hooping the lower end cover and the sound-transmitting shell.
Furthermore, the oil filling hole and the exhaust hole are internally provided with screws for realizing sealing.
The following is a more specific example of an embodiment,
referring to fig. 1 to 3, in order to satisfy the normal operation of the vector hydrophone, the average density of the internal composite acoustic sensor should be close to 1g/cm according to the principle of the co-vibrating hydrophone3Comparable to the density of water. In order to improve the accuracy of underwater acoustic signal information reception, the gravity center and the geometric gravity center of the composite acoustic sensor coincide with those of the whole structure. Meanwhile, in order to widen the working frequency band of the hydrophone as much as possible, the overall structure size of the hydrophone is required to be as small as possible.
The utility model discloses a theoretical basis:
the acoustic waves pass through the acoustically transparent outer shell into the interior of the hydrophone cavity and propagate through the internal fill medium to the surface of the composite acoustic sensor. If the geometric dimension of the composite acoustic sensor is far smaller than the wavelength, the vibration velocity amplitude V of the sensor and the vibration velocity amplitude V of water particles at the geometric center of gravity of the cylinder in the sound field are subjected to free vibration under the action of underwater sound waves0There are the following relationships between:
wherein: rho0-the density of the medium,
-average density of acoustic sensors.
According to the formula, when the average density rho of the sensor0Equal to the density of the aqueous medium
The vibration velocity amplitude V and the vibration velocity amplitude V of water particles0The same is true. The vibration speed is picked up through a vector sensor in the sensor, and a vibration signal is converted into an electric signal to be output, so that the vibration speed of the water particle at the geometric gravity center position of the hydrophone in the sound field can be obtained.
The structural design and fabrication of the embodiment:
the utility model discloses main part section structure sketch map, as shown in FIG. 1, including compound acoustic sensor 11, suspension spring 12, support column 13, upper end cover 14, lower end cover 15, sound-transparent shell 16, upper locking ring 17, lower locking ring 18 and cable 19.
Specifically, hangers are arranged on the outer sides of the composite acoustic sensor 11 and the support column 13; the compound sound sensor 11 is tensioned by a suspension spring 12 and then is connected to a suspension loop of a support column 13; the upper surface and the lower surface of the composite sound sensor 11 are suspended and then kept parallel to a horizontal plane; the support column 13 rigidly connects the upper end cover 14 and the lower end cover 15 through screws or welding and the like; the plane of upper end cap 14, the plane of lower end cap 15, and the plane of composite acoustic sensor 11 are in parallel relationship.
The composite sound sensor 11 is positioned in the geometric center between the upper end cover 14 and the lower end cover 15; the sound-transmitting shell 16 is sleeved outside the upper end cover 14 and the lower end cover 15 and keeps a vertical relation with a horizontal plane; the upper part of the sound-transmitting shell 16 is locked and fixed with the upper end cover 14 through a locking ring 17, and the lower part is locked and fixed with the lower end cover 18 through a locking ring 18; the cable 19 extends from the upper surface of the composite acoustic sensor 11 through an outlet hole 21 in the center of the upper end cap 14 to the exterior of the hydrophone.
Preferably, the spring 12 should have a suitable elastic coefficient k, so that the composite acoustic sensor 11 is located at the center of gravity, the geometric center of the whole structure in a suspended state in the sound-transmitting medium, and can freely vibrate in three-dimensional space along with the sound waves.
The assembled hydrophone is schematically shown in fig. 2 in a top view, and comprises an outlet hole 21, an oil filling hole 22, an exhaust hole 23, a platform mounting screw hole 24 and a cable.
Specifically, the oil filling hole 22 is used for injecting a liquid sound-transmitting medium into the assembled hydrophone; the vent holes 23 are opened when liquid is injected, so that gas in the hydrophone can be conveniently discharged; the platform mounting screw hole 24 is rigidly fixed with an external platform through a screw; the outlet hole 21 leads the cable out of the composite acoustic sensor 11 to the outside of the hydrophone; the oil filling hole 22 and the air outlet hole 23 are plugged by watertight screws after oil filling is finished, so that liquid is prevented from flowing out; a ring-mounted raised watertight gasket is poured outside the cable, the watertight gasket is installed inside the wire outlet hole 21, and sealing is achieved through screw locking or watertight glue curing.
The vector hydrophone which is internally filled with sound-transmitting liquid media such as silicone oil or light wax oil before use is assembled, and the schematic diagram of the small-sized low-cost rigidly-installed vector hydrophone is shown in figure 3.
Preferably, the density of the filled sound-transmitting liquid medium is close to 1g/cm3。
While the principles of the invention have been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of exemplary implementations of the invention and are not limiting of the scope of the invention. The details in the embodiments do not constitute the limitations of the scope of the present invention, and any obvious changes such as equivalent transformation, simple replacement, etc. based on the technical solution of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The vector hydrophone comprises a composite acoustic sensor (11) and is characterized by also comprising an acoustically transparent sealed cavity(ii) a The composite acoustic sensor is suspended in the acoustic transmission sealed cavity, and an acoustic transmission liquid medium is arranged in the acoustic transmission sealed cavity; the density of the sound-transmitting liquid medium is 0.9g/cm3-1.2g/cm3。
2. The vector hydrophone of claim 1, wherein said acoustically transparent liquid medium is silicone oil or light wax oil.
3. The vector hydrophone of claim 1, wherein said composite acoustic sensor has a center of gravity coincident with a center of gravity of said acoustically transparent sealed cavity.
4. The vector hydrophone of claim 1, wherein the acoustically transparent sealed cavity comprises an acoustically transparent outer shell (16) and a support; the sound-transmitting shell is covered outside the support, and the support comprises an upper end cover (14), a lower end cover (15) and a support column (13); a wire outlet hole (21) is formed in the middle of the upper end cover, and an oil filling hole (22) and an exhaust hole (23) are formed in two positions of the upper end cover which are symmetrical with respect to the circle center; the supporting columns are erected on the top of the lower end cover in parallel and are arranged in a circumferential array mode; the upper end cover is fixed at the top of the parallel support columns; wherein, the sound-transmitting shell is made of sound-transmitting elastic material.
5. The vector hydrophone of claim 4, wherein the column walls at both ends of the support column are provided with hanging lugs; the outer wall of the composite acoustic sensor is provided with a lifting lug; the corresponding hanging lugs are connected with the lifting lugs through elastic elements.
6. The vector hydrophone of claim 5, wherein said elastic element is a spring or rubber band.
7. The vector hydrophone of claim 4, further comprising a cable (19) connected at one end to the composite acoustic sensor and at the other end through an outlet hole; and the gap between the cable and the wire outlet hole is filled by polyurethane.
8. The vector hydrophone of claim 4, wherein said acoustically transparent jacket is polyurethane.
9. The vector hydrophone of claim 4, wherein the acoustically transparent sealed cavity further comprises an upper locking ring (17) and a lower locking ring (18); the upper locking ring is used for hooping the upper end cover and the sound-transmitting shell, and the lower locking ring is used for hooping the lower end cover and the sound-transmitting shell.
10. The vector hydrophone of claim 4, wherein screws for sealing are provided in both the oil holes and the vent holes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120916716.1U CN214538229U (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Vector hydrophone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120916716.1U CN214538229U (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Vector hydrophone |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214538229U true CN214538229U (en) | 2021-10-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120916716.1U Active CN214538229U (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Vector hydrophone |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN214538229U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202120916716.1U patent/CN214538229U/en active Active
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