CN214533339U - Novel high-pressure oil sprayer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel high pressure fuel injector relates to engine technical field, include: the fuel injection device comprises a fuel injector body, a fuel injection nozzle arranged at the bottom of the fuel injector body and a control valve arranged at the upper part of the fuel injector body; the control valve includes: the control valve seat, the armature, the electromagnet spring and the electromagnet; wherein, the armature seat is arranged on the control valve seat, and an upward valve hole is formed on the armature seat; the lower end of the armature is inserted into the valve hole, and a balance oil cavity is formed between the armature and the armature seat; the electromagnet spring is arranged at the upper side position of the armature and presses the armature downwards; an electromagnet is arranged at the upper side position of the armature and used for driving the armature. The application provides a high pressure fuel injector that can be applicable to the injection control of higher injection pressure, especially realizes the injection control on 200 Mpa.

Description

Novel high-pressure oil sprayer

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a novel high-pressure oil sprayer.

Background

The high-pressure common rail system is a new generation of diesel engine electric control fuel system appeared in the last 90 years. The high-pressure injection pressure is up to 140MPa-200 MPa; the control mode is flexible, and the diesel engine with high emission requirement and low oil consumption is particularly suitable for use. Is the first choice fuel oil system for the diesel engine in China to meet the emission requirements of China IV and above. At present, most of high-performance automotive diesel engines abroad adopt a high-pressure common rail system, and in view of the fact that China starts to implement the VI emission regulations of automotive countries and the IV emission regulations of non-road countries to be implemented, the requirement on the oil supply pressure in a high-pressure common rail fuel oil system is raised to be over 180MPa, so that the mechanical processing precision required on an oil injector is extremely high, the matching is extremely precise, the process and the mechanical processing equipment of the traditional oil pump nozzle industry of China are difficult to meet the requirement or have high cost and are not beneficial to popularization, so that the common rail oil injector products adopted at home today are basically monopolized by foreign materials, and the development of the diesel engine industry of China is severely restricted.

In the technical scheme of the common rail oil injector, a control valve is positioned between a control oil cavity and an oil return channel of the oil injector, and oil injection of the oil injector is controlled by controlling the flow characteristic between the control oil cavity and the oil return channel. Control valves have been of various constructions in the prior art, for example, chinese patent 201610801560.6 discloses a control valve involved in a fuel injector for an engine. As the higher the injection pressure is, the greater the oil pressure acting on the valve, the more difficult it is for the conventional control valve to be adapted to the injection control at the higher injection pressure, particularly to realize the injection control at 200 Mpa.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem that this application will solve lies in, to prior art's the aforesaid not enough, provides a novel high pressure sprayer.

This novel high pressure fuel injector includes: the fuel injection device comprises a fuel injector body, a fuel injection nozzle arranged at the bottom of the fuel injector body and a control valve arranged at the upper part of the fuel injector body; the control valve includes:

a control valve seat having an oil outlet orifice;

an armature seat arranged on the control valve seat, wherein an upward valve hole is formed on the armature seat;

the lower end of the armature is inserted into the valve hole, and a balance oil cavity is formed between the armature and the armature seat;

the electromagnet spring is arranged at the upper side position of the armature and presses the armature downwards;

an electromagnet arranged at the upper side position of the armature and used for driving the armature;

one of the upper side and the lower side of the balance oil cavity is in contact seal, and the other side of the balance oil cavity is in coupling part gap seal; a valve hole sealing surface is arranged on the valve hole; the armature is provided with an armature sealing surface which can be matched with the valve hole sealing surface to form contact sealing; the armature seat is also provided with a fifth oil hole for communicating the balance oil cavity with the oil outlet throttling hole and a sixth oil hole communicated with the valve hole for returning oil; the connection position of the sixth oil hole and the fifth oil hole is positioned below the armature;

the surface structure of the armature in the balance oil cavity is constructed to balance the fuel pressure in the up-and-down direction;

when the electromagnet is powered off, the armature moves downwards under the action of the electromagnet spring so that the sealing surface of the armature compresses the sealing surface of the valve hole to form contact sealing;

when the electromagnet is electrified, the armature moves upwards under the action of the electromagnet to compress the electromagnet spring, so that the sealing surface of the armature is separated from the sealing surface of the valve hole, and a gap for allowing fuel to leak from the balance oil cavity is formed.

In some refinements, the control valve further comprises: the outer surface of the locking ring is in threaded fit with the inner surface of the oil injector body and is sleeved on the periphery of the armature seat; the locking ring is downwards abutted against the armature seat to tightly press the armature seat and the control valve seat, so that sealing is formed between the control valve seat and the oil injector body, and sealing is formed between the armature seat and the control valve seat.

In some improvements, the upper side of the balance oil cavity is in contact sealing, and the lower side of the balance oil cavity is in coupling clearance sealing; wherein, the valve hole sealing surface is positioned at the valve hole part;

the surface structure of armature in balanced oil intracavity is groove structure, groove structure includes: a lateral surface extending in an up-down direction, an upper surface located at an upper side of the lateral surface, and a lower surface located at a lower side of the lateral surface; the upper surface and the lower surface have the same orthographic projection area in the up-down direction.

In some refinements, the upper surface is coplanar with the armature sealing surface.

In some improvements, the upper side of the balance oil cavity is provided with a coupling part clearance seal, and the lower side of the balance oil cavity is provided with a contact seal; the surface structure of the armature in the balance oil cavity is the side surface of the armature.

In some refinements, the armature sealing surface and the valve bore sealing surface are conical surfaces.

The application provides a high pressure fuel injector that can be applicable to the injection control of higher injection pressure, especially realizes the injection control on 200 Mpa. In the present application, the surface structure of the armature within the balancing oil chamber is configured to balance the fuel pressure in the up-down direction. The surface structure of the armature iron in the balance oil cavity is equal to the upward pressure and the downward pressure of the fuel oil pressure, the armature iron is mutually balanced in the vertical direction by the acting force from the high-pressure fuel oil pressure in the balance oil cavity, the requirement of high fuel oil injection pressure can be met, and even the injection pressure can be more than 200 Mpa.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel high-pressure fuel injector in an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control valve portion of the novel high-pressure fuel injector in the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an armature seat and an armature in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is another schematic view of the construction of an armature seat and an armature according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present application and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help the embodiments of the present application be fully understood. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.

In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a novel high-pressure fuel injector, including: an injector body 100, a control valve 200 disposed at an upper portion of the injector body 100, an oil jet 300 disposed at a bottom portion of the injector body 100, and a control plunger 400 accommodated in the injector body 100.

An oil inlet hole 110 is formed on the injector body 100; the upper part of the injector body 100 is provided with a control valve 200; the control valve 200 includes a control valve seat 210 having an oil outlet orifice 211; the oil jet 300 is disposed at the bottom of the oil jet body 100, and includes: an oil nozzle needle valve 310, an oil nozzle needle valve seat 320 matched with the oil injector body 100; the injector needle valve seat 320 has a second oil hole 330 for injecting an oil supply. The upper end of the control plunger 400 is connected with the control valve seat 210 in a matching way and is accommodated in the oil injector body 100, and the upper section of the outer peripheral surface 410 of the control plunger is matched with the oil injector body 100; a pressure accumulation chamber 120 is formed in the injector body 100 on the upper side of the fitting position, and a control chamber 130 is formed on the lower side of the fitting position; the lower end of the control plunger 400 is located in the control chamber 130; a first oil hole 420 communicating the control chamber 130 and the oil outlet orifice 211 is formed in the control plunger 400; the accumulator chamber 120 is communicated with the oil inlet hole 110; the injector body 100 is also provided with a third oil hole 140 for communicating the accumulator chamber 120 and the second oil hole 330; the control chamber 130 communicates with the third oil hole 140 through the fourth oil hole 150.

Further, novel high pressure fuel injector still includes: an ejector 340 located in the control chamber 130, and a nozzle spring 350 disposed between the ejector 340 and the control plunger 400; the nozzle spring 350 enables the control plunger 400 to press the control valve seat 210 upward and the carrier rod 340 to press the nozzle needle 310 downward.

The control valve 200 is disposed between the return oil passage and the control chamber 130. When the oil outlet orifice 211 of the control valve seat 210 is opened under control, the high-pressure fuel in the control chamber 130 returns to the return oil passage of the injector through the first oil hole 420 of the control plunger 400, the oil outlet orifice 211 of the control valve seat 210. The discharge of high pressure fuel from the control chamber 130 causes a reduction in fuel pressure in the control chamber 130, thereby causing a reduction in the downward fuel pressure of the fuel acting on the injector needle 310, and the fuel pressure in the reservoir 370 overcomes the fuel pressure in the control chamber 130 and the spring force of the nozzle spring 350 to push the injector needle 310 upward and lift it upward, thereby causing the fuel orifices in the injector needle seat 320 to begin injecting fuel.

When the oil outlet throttle hole 211 on the control valve seat 210 is closed under control, the oil outlet throttle hole 211 on the control valve seat 210 is sealed, the fuel oil in the control chamber 130 stops leaking, the high-pressure fuel oil in the accumulator chamber 120 is rapidly supplemented into the control chamber 130 through the third oil hole 140 and the fourth oil hole 150 on the injector body 100, so that the fuel oil pressure in the control chamber 130 is rapidly recovered to a high-pressure state, the downward fuel oil pressure of the fuel oil acting on the fuel injection nozzle needle valve 310 is rapidly increased, at this time, the fuel injection nozzle needle valve 310 moves downward to seal the fuel injection holes on the fuel injection nozzle needle valve seat 320, and the injector stops injecting fuel.

The high pressure fuel in accumulator chamber 120 can act as a pressure stabilizer to balance pressure fluctuations generated during the fuel injector injection process. In the working process of the oil injector, the control plunger 400 does not move, so that the requirements on the machining precision and the assembly precision of the control valve seat 210, the control plunger 400 and the inner hole of the oil injector body are greatly reduced, the moving abrasion of matching parts is avoided, and the requirement on the coaxiality of the matching parts is reduced. In the above injector structure, the control chamber is moved down to the bottom of the control plunger 400 and above the injection nozzle 300, so that the injection delay time can be reduced, and the response speed of the injector can be improved.

In the above structure, the upper end of the control plunger 400 forms a mating seal with the inner bore of the control valve seat 210, and the outer peripheral surface 410 of the control plunger 400 forms a mating seal with the injector body 100.

In the present embodiment, the control chamber 130 communicates with the third oil hole 140 through the fourth oil hole 150. Compared with the prior art, the fourth oil hole 150 is an oil inlet throttle hole of the control chamber 130, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the oil inlet throttle hole is moved down to the height position of the control chamber 130 and is directly communicated with the control chamber 130, the pressure change speed of the pressure chamber is greatly increased, the response speed of opening and closing of the oil injector is further increased, and the requirement of more injection times in a single injection cycle can be met.

Further, injector body 100 includes: an injector body 160, and an injector split 170 located between the injector body 160 and the injector needle seat 320; the third oil hole 140 includes a first sub oil hole 141 located on the injector body 160 and a second sub oil hole 142 located on the injector split body 170; the first sub oil hole 141 communicates with the pressure accumulation chamber 120; the second sub oil hole 142 communicates with the second oil hole 330; the fourth oil hole 150 is located in the injector split body 170 and communicates the second sub oil hole 142 and the control chamber 130. Here, the injector body 100 is divided into the injector body 160 and the injector division body 170, and the fourth oil hole 150 is provided in the injector division body 170, thereby reducing the processing difficulty.

Further, the novel high-pressure fuel injector further includes a nozzle button cap 360 for fixing the fuel injector body 160, the fuel injector split body 170, and the nozzle needle valve seat 320 together from the outside. Specifically, the nozzle adapter cap 360 is in threaded engagement with the injector body 160, so that the injector split body 170 and the nozzle needle valve seat 320 are pressed against the lower end surface of the injector body 160 to be fixed together.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the control valve 200 includes: a control valve seat 210, an armature seat 220, an armature 230, an electromagnet spring 250, and an electromagnet 260; wherein, the armature seat 220 is disposed on the control valve seat 210, and an upward valve hole 221 is formed thereon; the lower end of the armature 230 is inserted into the valve hole 221, and a balance oil chamber 240 is formed between the armature 230 and the armature seat 220; an electromagnet spring 250 is arranged at the upper position of the armature 230 and presses the armature 230 downwards; an electromagnet 260 is arranged at an upper position of the armature 230 for driving the armature 230.

One of the upper and lower sides of the balance oil chamber 240 is a contact seal, and the other side is a coupling clearance seal; the valve hole 221 is provided with a valve hole sealing surface 222; the armature 230 is provided with an armature sealing surface 231 which can be matched with the valve hole sealing surface 222 to form a contact sealing; the armature seat 220 is also provided with a fifth oil hole 223 for communicating the balance oil chamber 240 and the oil outlet orifice 211, and a sixth oil hole 224 communicated with the valve hole 221 for oil return; the connection position of the sixth oil hole 224 and the fifth oil hole 223 is located below the armature 230. The surface structure of the armature 230 within the balancing oil chamber 240 is configured to balance the fuel pressure in the up-down direction.

When the electromagnet 260 loses power, the armature 230 moves downwards under the action of the electromagnet spring 250, so that the armature sealing surface 231 presses the valve hole sealing surface 222 to form contact sealing; when the electromagnet 260 is energized, the armature 230 moves upward under the action of the electromagnet 260 to compress the electromagnet spring 250, and the armature sealing surface 231 is separated from the valve hole sealing surface 222, so that a gap is formed to allow fuel to leak from the balance oil chamber 240. The fuel leaked from the balance oil chamber 240 is guided to the return oil passage of the injector.

The lower end of the armature 230 is inserted into a valve hole 221 of the armature seat 220, and a fifth oil hole 223 for communicating the balance oil chamber 240 and the oil outlet throttle hole 211 and a sixth oil hole 224 communicated with the valve hole 221 for oil return are arranged on the armature seat 220; the oil outlet throttle hole 211 and the fifth oil hole 223 are in sealed communication, and fuel oil does not leak. Under the action of the electromagnet 260, the armature 230 moves up and down to achieve fuel sealing and fuel leakage. Because the armature 230 is subjected to the acting force from the high-pressure fuel pressure in the balance oil chamber 240 and is balanced in the vertical direction, the requirement of high fuel injection pressure can be met, and the injection pressure can be larger than 200 Mpa.

In the present embodiment, the surface structure of armature 230 within balancing oil chamber 240 is configured to balance the fuel pressure in the up-down direction. The surface structure of armature 230 within balancing oil chamber 240 is subject to an equalization of fuel pressure up and down to achieve an upper and lower balance of fuel pressure. In the balancing oil chamber 240, in a sealed state, the effective equivalent area S1 of the surface structure of the armature 230 subjected to the upward fuel pressure F1 is equal to the effective equivalent area S2 of the armature 230 subjected to the downward fuel pressure F2. When the oil pressure in the balance oil chamber 240 is P, F1 ═ S1 × P, F2 ═ S2 × P, and F1 ═ F2.

In some embodiments, the control valve 200 further comprises: a locking ring 270 having an outer surface screw-fitted to the inner surface of the injector body 100 and fitted around the armature base 220; the locking ring 270 abuts down against the armature seat 220 to press the armature seat 220, the control valve seat 210, and the control valve seat 210 against each other, so that a seal is formed between the control valve seat 210 and the injector body 100, and a seal is formed between the armature seat 220 and the control valve seat 210. Sealing between the armature seat 220 and the control valve seat 210 may be used to achieve sealing communication between the oil outlet orifice 211 and the fifth oil hole 223.

Referring to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the balance oil cavity 240 is contact sealed on the top side and mating part clearance sealed on the bottom side; wherein, the valve hole sealing surface 222 is positioned at the opening part of the valve hole 221; the surface structure of the armature 230 in the oil balance chamber 240 is a groove structure 232, and the groove structure 232 comprises: a lateral surface 232a extending in the up-down direction, an upper surface 232b located on an upper side of the lateral surface 232a, and a lower surface 232c located on a lower side of the lateral surface 232 a; the upper surface 232b and the lower surface 232c have the same orthographic projection area in the up-down direction. The orthographic projection area of the upper surface 232b in the vertical direction is an effective equivalent area S1 of a surface structure of the armature 230 subjected to upward fuel pressure F1, and the orthographic projection area of the lower surface 232c in the vertical direction is an effective equivalent area S2 of a surface structure of the armature 230 subjected to downward fuel pressure F2, so that F1-F2 is met. In some embodiments, the upper surface 232b is coplanar with the armature sealing surface 231. It should be understood that the upper surface 232b here refers to a surface for constituting the equilibrium oil chamber 240.

Referring to FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the balance oil cavity 240 has a mating clearance seal on the top side and a contact seal on the bottom side; the surface structure of the armature 230 within the oil balance chamber 240 is a side surface 232d of the armature 230. Here, the surface structure of the armature 230 for the oil balancing chamber 240 is a side surface of the armature 230, and a concave or convex structure is not formed. As shown in fig. 4, the armature seat 220 recedes rearward to form a recessed structure to enclose the side surface 232d of the armature 230 to form an oil balance chamber 240. Here, the side surface 232d of the armature 230 receives the fuel pressure in the up-down direction of 0, and therefore, the fuel pressure received by the surface structure of the armature 230 in the equilibrium oil chamber 240 is balanced up and down.

In some embodiments, the armature sealing surface 231 and the valve bore sealing surface 222 are conical surfaces.

In summary, in the structure of the control valve proposed in the present application, the moving part armature 230 for opening and closing the valve is balanced in the up-and-down movement direction by the pressure of the high-pressure fuel, which can meet the requirement of the high fuel injection pressure, so that the injection pressure can be greater than 200 Mpa.

The control valve 200 according to the embodiment of the present application is adaptable to various types of fuel injectors and is not limited to the fuel injector structure shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, descriptions of conventional constituent structures of some existing fuel injectors are omitted, and understanding of technical solutions by those skilled in the art is not hindered.

In the above embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "lower", "upper", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the application. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the present application as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A novel high pressure fuel injector, comprising: the fuel injection device comprises a fuel injector body (100), a fuel injection nozzle (300) arranged at the bottom of the fuel injector body (100), and a control valve (200) arranged at the upper part of the fuel injector body (100); the control valve (200) comprises:

a control valve seat (210) having an oil outlet orifice (211);

an armature seat (220) provided on the control valve seat (210) and having an upward valve hole (221) formed therein;

the lower end of the armature (230) is inserted into the valve hole (221), and a balance oil cavity (240) is formed between the armature (230) and the armature seat (220);

an electromagnet spring (250) which is arranged at the upper side position of the armature (230) and presses the armature (230) downwards;

an electromagnet (260) disposed at an upper position of the armature (230) for driving the armature (230);

one of the upper side and the lower side of the balance oil cavity (240) is in contact sealing, and the other side is in coupling clearance sealing; a valve hole sealing surface (222) is arranged on the valve hole (221); the armature (230) is provided with an armature sealing surface (231) which can be matched with the valve hole sealing surface (222) to form contact sealing; the armature seat (220) is also provided with a fifth oil hole (223) for communicating the balance oil cavity (240) with the oil outlet throttling hole (211), and a sixth oil hole (224) communicated with the valve hole (221) for oil return; the connection position of the sixth oil hole (224) and the fifth oil hole (223) is positioned below the armature (230);

the surface structure of the armature (230) in the balance oil chamber (240) is configured to balance the fuel pressure in the up-down direction;

when the electromagnet (260) loses power, the armature (230) moves downwards under the action of the electromagnet spring (250) to enable the armature sealing surface (231) to press the valve hole sealing surface (222) to form contact sealing;

when the electromagnet (260) is electrified, the armature (230) moves upwards under the action of the electromagnet (260) to compress the electromagnet spring (250), so that the armature sealing surface (231) is separated from the valve hole sealing surface (222), and a gap allowing fuel to leak from the balance oil cavity (240) is formed.

2. The new high-pressure fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the control valve (200) further comprises: the outer surface of the locking ring (270) is in threaded fit with the inner surface of the oil injector body (100) and is sleeved on the periphery of the armature seat (220); the locking ring (270) is abutted downwards against the armature seat (220) to press the armature seat (220) and the control valve seat (210) tightly, so that sealing is formed between the control valve seat (210) and the oil injector body (100), and sealing is formed between the armature seat (220) and the control valve seat (210).

3. The new high-pressure fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the balance oil chamber (240) is provided with a contact seal at the upper side and a matching member clearance seal at the lower side; wherein, the valve hole sealing surface (222) is positioned at the opening part of the valve hole (221);

the surface structure of the armature (230) in the oil balance chamber (240) is a groove structure (232), and the groove structure (232) comprises: a lateral surface (232a) extending in the up-down direction, an upper surface (232b) located on an upper side of the lateral surface (232a), and a lower surface (232c) located on a lower side of the lateral surface (232 a); the upper surface (232b) and the lower surface (232c) have the same orthographic projection area in the vertical direction.

4. The new high pressure fuel injector as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the upper surface (232b) is located on the same plane as the armature sealing surface (231).

5. The new high-pressure fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the balance oil chamber (240) has a mating clearance seal on the upper side and a contact seal on the lower side; the surface structure of the armature (230) in the oil balance chamber (240) is a side surface (232d) of the armature (230).

6. The new high pressure fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the armature sealing surface (231) and the valve bore sealing surface (222) are conical surfaces.

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