CN214517783U - Long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine - Google Patents
Long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN214517783U CN214517783U CN202120369138.4U CN202120369138U CN214517783U CN 214517783 U CN214517783 U CN 214517783U CN 202120369138 U CN202120369138 U CN 202120369138U CN 214517783 U CN214517783 U CN 214517783U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-accuracy numerical control planer-type milling machine of long stroke, include: the lathe bed is provided with a workbench; the portal frame comprises upright columns which are respectively arranged on two sides of the lathe bed and a cross beam which stretches across the upper part of the lathe bed and is connected with the two upright columns, and a hard rail which extends along the length direction of the cross beam is limited at the front end of the cross beam; the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table extend backwards and are embraced on the hard rail, and the first sliding table can slide left and right along the hard rail of the cross beam; the second sliding table is arranged on the first sliding table and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table; the main shaft is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench, and one end of the main shaft, which is close to the machine body, is provided with a milling head; when the first sliding table and/or the second sliding table slide, the main shaft and the milling head are driven to synchronously move. The milling machine has good integral rigidity, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency are also obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a numerically controlled fraise machine technical field especially relates to a high-accuracy numerical control planer-type milling machine of long stroke.
Background
The milling machine mainly refers to a machine tool for processing various surfaces of a workpiece by using a milling cutter. Typically the milling cutter is moved primarily in a rotary motion and the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter is a feed motion. It can be used for processing plane, groove, various curved surfaces and gears.
The planer type milling machine is a milling machine with a portal frame and a horizontal long lathe bed. The planer type milling machine can simultaneously machine the surface by a plurality of milling cutters, has higher machining precision and production efficiency, and is suitable for machining planes and inclined planes of large-scale workpieces in batch and mass production.
The conventional planer type milling machine can generally mill a plurality of surfaces, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN103203626B discloses a gantry mobile multifunctional numerical control milling and drilling machine, which can change the relative positions of a workpiece and a milling head in the directions of X axis, Y axis and Z axis, thereby realizing the three-dimensional space processing of the workpiece. However, the milling action of the existing milling machine is realized by the extension or retraction of the spindle in the processes of feeding and retracting the spindle, so that when the milling action is executed, the gravity of the milling head disturbs the milling process due to the rigidity problem of spindle assembly, and meanwhile, when the milling force is increased, the spindle is easy to destabilize, so that the feeding depth of the existing milling machine is generally small, and the processing is time-consuming.
In addition, the existing numerical control precision double-head milling machine in China is developed towards double-head precision, but the final product has several defects, the first is that the machining stroke is 25mm to 350mm at the minimum model, the machining stroke is 90mm to 1400mm at the maximum model, the size of the workpiece is greatly limited, the second is that the machining height is only 300 at the maximum, and the third is that under the limitation of the size of the workpiece, the machine is required to be continuously converted, and the time is consumed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model aims at providing a long stroke high accuracy numerical control planer-type milling machine, this milling machine processing stroke is long, the bulk rigidity is good, and machining precision and machining efficiency also obviously improve.
Based on the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a long stroke high accuracy numerical control planer-type milling machine, this milling machine includes:
the lathe bed is provided with a workbench;
the portal frame comprises upright columns which are respectively arranged on two sides of the lathe bed and a cross beam which crosses over the lathe bed and is fixedly connected with the two upright columns, and a hard rail which extends along the length direction of the cross beam is limited at the front end of the cross beam;
the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table extend backwards and are embraced on the hard rail, and the first sliding table can slide left and right along the hard rail;
the second sliding table is arranged on the first sliding table and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table;
the main shaft is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench, and one end of the main shaft, which is close to the machine body, is provided with a milling head;
when the first sliding table and/or the second sliding table slide, the main shaft and the milling head are driven to synchronously move.
Preferably, the milling machine comprises two first sliding tables and two second sliding tables, the two first sliding tables are arranged in the front end of the cross beam in a relative mode, and the two second sliding tables are arranged on the corresponding first sliding tables respectively.
Preferably, the sum of the strokes of the two first sliding tables is not less than the length of the cross beam, and at least one first sliding table can span above the workbench, so that the top and one side of the workpiece can be respectively milled by replacing the milling head or adjusting the milling direction of the milling head, and the milling operation of the workpiece in a three-dimensional space is realized.
Preferably, a first mounting hole is defined at the bottom of the second sliding table, and the main shaft is fixed in the first mounting hole; therefore, on the one hand, the integrity between the main shaft and the second sliding table is increased, and when the main shaft drives the milling head to perform milling operation, the vibration generated by the rotation of the main shaft and the vibration generated by the milling of the milling head can be absorbed by the second sliding table, so that the milling precision is further ensured.
In addition, a second mounting hole communicated with the first mounting hole is defined in the front end face of the second sliding table, and a driving motor of the main shaft is fixed at the front end of the second sliding table and connected with the main shaft through the second mounting hole.
Preferably, the upper portion of the hard rail is defined with a first protrusion protruding upward, and the lower portion of the hard rail is defined with a second protrusion protruding downward; the first projection defines a front face, a top face, and a rear face, and the second projection defines a front face, a bottom face, and a rear face;
the upper portion of first slip table rear end stretches out backward and buckles downwards and forms first cohesion arm, and this first cohesion arm and the preceding terminal surface of first protruding portion, top face and the laminating of rear end face, the lower part of first slip table rear end stretches out backward and upwards buckles to form the second cohesion arm, and this second cohesion arm and the preceding terminal surface of second protruding portion, bottom face and the laminating of rear end face, like this, when first slip table was followed hard rail horizontal slip, can not produce the relative displacement in the perpendicular to slip direction between the two.
Preferably, the top of the first protruding portion defines an inclined surface, the front side of the inclined surface is higher, the rear side of the inclined surface is lower, and the inclined surface is attached to the lower portion of the rearward extending portion of the first looping arm and used for providing an upward supporting force in an inclined direction so as to counteract the pulling force of the first sliding table on the hard rail.
Preferably, the front end face of the second protruding part is flush with the front end face of the hard rail, so that the pressing force of the first sliding table on the lower part of the hard rail is offset by increasing the attaching area of the lower part of the front end face of the hard rail and the first sliding table.
Preferably, the first embracing and closing arm comprises a first arm body and a first baffle plate, wherein the first arm body extends backwards from the upper part of the rear end of the first sliding table, the lower part of the first arm body is attached to the inclined plane, the first baffle plate is detachably fixed at one end, away from the first sliding table, of the first arm body and extends downwards perpendicular to the first arm body, and meanwhile, the front side of the first baffle plate is attached to the rear side of the first protruding part;
the second cohesion arm includes the second arm body and second baffle, wherein, the first arm body stretches out backward from the lower part of first slip table rear end, and first slip table one end is kept away from to second baffle detachably fixed in the second arm body to perpendicular to second cohesion arm upwards extends.
Preferably, the front end face of the hard rail is limited with a first avoiding groove in the middle of the middle and/or the rear end face of the first sliding table, a first driving mechanism connected with the first sliding table and used for driving the first sliding table to slide is arranged in the first avoiding groove, the first avoiding groove is arranged in the middle of the hard rail and/or the first sliding table, the distance between the binding face and the first driving mechanism between the hard rail and the first sliding table is shortened, and therefore the disturbance degree of vibration generated in the working process of the first driving mechanism on the binding face is reduced.
Preferably, a third embracing arm which extends forwards and is bent towards the right side is limited on the left side of the front end of the first sliding table; a fourth embracing arm which extends forwards and is bent towards the left side is limited on the right side of the front end of the first sliding table, and the third embracing arm, the fourth embracing arm and the front end surface of the first sliding table are encircled to form a limiting space which contains the second sliding table and embraces two sides of the second sliding table; when the second sliding table slides up and down relative to the first sliding table, a part of the second sliding table is always limited in the limiting space, so that relative displacement perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding table is avoided.
Preferably, the two side edges of the second sliding table are respectively limited with a third protruding part and a fourth protruding part, the third protruding part is limited with a front end face, a left side face and a rear end face, the fourth protruding part is limited with a front end face, a right side face and a rear end face, and the third protruding part and the fourth protruding part and the rear end face of the second sliding table form a step-shaped structure;
the inner side of the third embracing arm is respectively attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the third protruding part; the inner side of the fourth embracing arm is respectively attached to the right side surface of the second sliding table and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the fourth protruding part; therefore, at least four binding surfaces are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the second sliding table and the first sliding table; when the milling operation is carried out, the second sliding table cannot generate horizontal displacement due to the reaction force received by the milling head.
Preferably, the third embracing and closing arm comprises a third arm body and a third baffle plate, wherein the third arm body extends forwards from the left side of the front end of the first sliding table, the inner side of the third arm body is attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table, the rear end surface and the left side surface of the third protruding part, the third baffle plate is detachably fixed to one end, away from the first sliding table, of the third arm body, the third baffle plate extends rightwards perpendicular to the third arm body, and meanwhile, the rear side of the third baffle plate is attached to the front side surface of the third protruding part;
the fourth cohesion arm includes the fourth arm body and fourth baffle, wherein, the fourth arm body stretches out forward from the right side of first slip table front end, and the inboard of the fourth arm body and the rear end face and the right flank laminating of second slip table right flank, fourth protruding portion, and first slip table one end is kept away from to fourth baffle detachably fixed in the fourth arm body, and the fourth baffle perpendicular to fourth arm body extends left, and simultaneously, the rear side of fourth baffle and the leading flank laminating of fourth protruding portion.
Preferably, a second avoiding groove is defined on the front end surface of the first sliding table and/or the rear end surface of the second sliding table, and a second driving mechanism which is connected with the second sliding table and drives the second sliding table to slide is arranged in the second avoiding groove.
Preferably, a hydraulic driving part is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the first sliding table, and the top of the hydraulic driving part is connected with the second sliding table and used for supporting the weight of the second sliding table and reducing the load of the second driving mechanism.
Preferably, an oil path is limited on the first sliding table and/or on the binding surfaces of the hard rail and the second sliding table, an oil inlet of the oil path is formed in the binding surface between the first sliding table and the cross beam and the binding surface between the first sliding table and the second sliding table, and thus, lubricating oil flows into the oil path of the binding surface from the oil inlet to reduce friction between the hard rail and the first sliding table and friction between the first sliding table and the second sliding table.
Preferably, the oil passages are arranged in a zigzag line or a wavy line in the extending direction of the bonding surface.
Preferably, a wear-resistant layer is attached to the first sliding table and/or the joint surface of the hard rail and the second sliding table, and lubricating oil enters the oil way from the oil inlet and then infiltrates onto the wear-resistant layer to reduce the friction force of the wear-resistant layer.
Preferably, the wear-resistant layer is a belt-shaped structure extending along the relative sliding direction of the joint surface;
the wear-resistant layer comprises a nano polymer composite material based on PTFE.
Preferably, the milling machine further comprises a calibrating device arranged on one side of the machine body, one end of the calibrating device close to the machine body is limited with a calibrating surface parallel to the length direction of the machine body, and one side of the calibrating device far away from the machine body is connected with a third driving mechanism for driving the calibrating device to move towards or away from the machine body;
the calibrating device is arranged on the front side of the cross beam and used for carrying out azimuth calibration on the workpiece by pushing the workpiece on the workbench through the calibrating surface before milling operation.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the first sliding table of the utility model is directly arranged on the beam through surface-to-surface lamination, thus eliminating the stroke limitation and ensuring the assembly rigidity of the first sliding table and the second sliding table; the front end of the first sliding table embraces the two sides of the second sliding table, so that the displacement deviating from the moving direction can be effectively avoided in the moving process of the driving main shaft, and the moving precision is ensured; and simultaneously, the utility model discloses a main shaft part inlays and locates second slip table bottom, the feed and move back the sword process and be realized by the removal of second slip table or first slip table and second slip table, remove the in-process, the cutter head can not sink because of gravity, can not produce relative displacement between main shaft part itself and the second slip table promptly, so not only can guarantee the dynamics of milling, and at the milling process, the reaction force that the main shaft received and is come from the work piece is dispersed to the second slip table, on first slip table and the crossbeam, because the second slip table, first slip table and crossbeam are rigid connection, the in-process of this reaction force transmission is weakened, thereby the production of unnecessary displacement has been avoided, improve the machining precision.
In addition, because the slip stroke increase of first slip table, like this, change the milling direction through the cutter head of changing to be connected in the main shaft tip, can realize once only realizing the milling of the three dimension of work piece, do not receive the stroke restriction, and needn't change the machine, be favorable to shortening the engineering time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is one of the partial exploded views in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a second partial exploded view in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a side view of a cross member in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a side view of the first slide table in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a plan view of the first slide table according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second sliding table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, a workpiece; 1. a bed body; 2. a cross beam; 3. a column; 4. a first sliding table; 5. a second sliding table; 6. a main shaft; 7. A milling head; 8. a work table; 9. a calibration device;
21. a hard rail;
211. a first protrusion; 212. a second protrusion; 213. a first avoidance slot; 214. an oil receiving box;
2111. a bevel;
41. a first clasping arm; 42. a second clasping arm; 43. a third embracing arm; 44. a fourth embracing arm; 45. a hydraulic drive component; 46. a first lead screw;
451. a connecting plate;
411. a first baffle plate; 421. a second baffle; 431. a third baffle plate; 441. a fourth baffle;
51. a third projection; 52. a fourth protrusion; 53. a second avoidance slot; 54. a first mounting hole; 55. a second mounting hole;
61. a spindle drive motor;
91. and (6) calibrating the surface.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the direction indicated by the broken-line arrow in fig. 5 is assumed to be front, and the direction indicated by the solid-line arrow is assumed to be rear.
This embodiment provides a long-stroke high-precision numerically controlled planer type milling machine, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the milling machine includes:
the lathe bed 1 is provided with a workbench 8;
the portal frame comprises upright columns 3 respectively arranged at two sides of the bed body and a cross beam 2 which stretches over the bed body and is fixedly connected with the two upright columns, and a hard rail 21 extending along the length direction of the cross beam 2 is limited at the front end of the cross beam 2;
the first sliding table 4 is arranged at the front end of the cross beam 2, the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table 4 extend backwards and are embraced on the hard rail 21, and the first sliding table 4 can slide left and right along the hard rail 21;
the second sliding table 5 is arranged on the first sliding table 4 and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table 4;
the main shaft 6 is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table 5 perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench 8, and a milling head 7 is arranged at one end of the main shaft close to the machine body 1;
when the first sliding table 4 and/or the second sliding table 5 slide, the main shaft 6 is driven to synchronously move together with the milling head 7. The first sliding table 4 is directly arranged on the hard rail 21 of the cross beam 2, so that the matching rigidity between the first sliding table and the second sliding table can be improved, and enough supporting force is provided for the second sliding table 4.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the milling machine includes two first sliding tables 4 and two second sliding tables 5, the two first sliding tables 4 are disposed opposite to each other at the front end of the cross beam 2, and the two second sliding tables 5 are respectively disposed on the corresponding first sliding tables 4.
As a preferred embodiment, the sum of the strokes of the two first sliding tables 4 is not less than the length of the cross beam 2, and at least one first sliding table 4 can span above the working table 8, so that the milling operation of the workpiece a in the three-dimensional space can be realized by replacing the milling head or adjusting the milling direction of the milling head to mill the top and one side of the workpiece a respectively.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 12, a first mounting hole 54 is defined at the bottom of the second sliding table 5, and the main shaft 6 is fixed in the first mounting hole 54; therefore, on one hand, the integrity between the main shaft 6 and the second sliding table 5 is increased, and the milling precision is prevented from being influenced by the sinking of the milling head 7 caused by the self gravity; on the other hand, when the main shaft 6 drives the milling head 7 to perform the milling operation, the vibration generated by the rotation of the main shaft 6 and the vibration generated by milling of the milling head can be absorbed by the second sliding table 5, so that the milling precision is further ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 12, a second mounting hole 55 communicating with the first mounting hole 54 is defined in the front end surface of the second slide table 5, and a spindle drive motor 61 is fixed to the front end of the second slide table 5 and is connected to the spindle 6 through the second mounting hole 55.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the upper portion of the hard rail 21 is defined with a first protrusion 211 protruding upward, and the lower portion of the hard rail 21 is defined with a second protrusion 212 protruding downward; the first protrusion 211 defines a front face, a top face, and a rear face, and the second protrusion 212 defines a front face, a bottom face, and a rear face;
the upper portion of first slip table 4 rear end stretches out backward and buckles downwards and forms first cohesion arm 41, this first cohesion arm 41 and the laminating of the preceding terminal surface of first protruding portion 211, top face and rear end face, the lower part of first slip table 4 rear end stretches out backward and upwards buckles and forms second cohesion arm 42, this second cohesion arm 42 and the laminating of the preceding terminal surface of second protruding portion 212, bottom face and rear end face, like this, when first slip table 4 slides along hard rail 21 side to side, can not produce the relative displacement in the perpendicular to slip direction between the two, first slip table 4 directly disposes on the hard rail 21 of crossbeam 2 through the laminating of face to face, when eliminating the stroke restriction, guaranteed the assembly rigidity of the two, thereby guarantee the slip precision of first slip table 4.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the top of the first protrusion 211 defines a slope 2111, the slope 2111 is high on the front side and low on the rear side, and as shown in fig. 1, it is attached to the lower part of the rearward extension of the first clasping arm 41 for providing an upward supporting force in an oblique direction to offset the pulling force of the first sliding platform 4 to the hard rail 21.
As a preferred embodiment, the front end face of the second protrusion 212 is flush with the front end face of the hard rail 21, so that the pressing force of the first sliding table 4 on the lower portion of the hard rail 21 is offset by increasing the attaching area of the lower portion of the front end face of the hard rail 21 and the first sliding table 4.
As a preferred embodiment, the first looping arm 41 includes a first arm body and a first baffle 411, wherein the first arm body extends backwards from the upper portion of the rear end of the first sliding table 4, the lower portion of the first arm body is attached to the inclined surface 2111, the first baffle 411 is detachably fixed to one end of the first arm body, which is far away from the first sliding table 4, and extends downwards perpendicular to the first arm body, and meanwhile, the front side of the first baffle 411 is attached to the rear side of the first protrusion 211;
the second cohesion arm 42 includes the second arm body and second baffle 421, wherein, the first arm body stretches out from the lower part of first slip table 4 rear end backward, and first slip table 4 one end is kept away from to second arm body that second baffle 421 detachably is fixed in to perpendicular to second cohesion arm 42 upwards extends. With first cohesion arm 41, the second cohesion arm 42 split be corresponding arm body and with the fixed baffle of this arm body detachable connection, like this, when carrying out whole machine assembly, can directly place first slip table 4 on hard rail 21 from hard rail 21 front end, fix corresponding baffle again, obviously reduce the assembly degree of difficulty. Similarly, in other preferred embodiments, the first clasping arm 41 and the second clasping arm 42 may be formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of plate members for easy processing and assembling.
As a preferred embodiment, a first avoiding groove 213 is defined in the middle of the front end surface of the hard rail 21 and/or the middle of the rear end surface of the first sliding table 4, a first driving mechanism connected to the first sliding table 4 and used for driving the first sliding table to slide is configured in the first avoiding groove 213 (in this embodiment, the first avoiding groove 213 is defined in the middle of the front end surface of the hard rail 21 and the middle of the rear end surface of the first sliding table 4, so as to provide a sufficient space for the first driving mechanism), and the first avoiding groove 213 is disposed in the middle of the hard rail 21 and/or the first sliding table 4, so as to shorten the distance between the bonding surface between the hard rail 21 and the first sliding table 4 and the first driving mechanism, thereby reducing the disturbance degree of the vibration generated in the working process of the first driving mechanism on the bonding surface. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the first driving mechanism includes a first lead screw 46 and a first servo motor connected to the first lead screw, and the first slide table 4 is driven to slide left and right along the extending direction of the hard rail 21 by the first servo motor driving the first lead screw to rotate; it should be noted that the sliding table/slider and the like are driven to slide by adopting the structure as a conventional technical means in the field (for example, publication No. CN201470957U, publication No. 2010.05.19, the name of which is a published patent document of a gantry vertical high-speed numerically controlled milling machine and has detailed description), and are not repeated herein. Preferably, the first driving mechanism is further provided with a first speed reducer connected to the first servo motor, and the first speed reducer is configured to increase a traction force of the first driving mechanism.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 6, 10 and 11, a third clasping arm 43 which extends forward and is bent to the right side is defined on the left side of the front end of the first sliding table 4; a fourth embracing arm 44 which extends forwards and is bent towards the left side is limited on the right side of the front end of the first sliding table 4, and the third embracing arm 43, the fourth embracing arm 44 and the front end surface of the first sliding table 4 are encircled to form a limiting space which contains the second sliding table 5 and embraces two sides of the second sliding table 5; when the second sliding table 5 slides up and down relative to the first sliding table 4, a part of the second sliding table 5 is always limited in the limiting space, so that relative displacement perpendicular to the sliding direction of the second sliding table 5 is avoided.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the two side edges of the second sliding table 5 are respectively defined with a third protruding portion 51 and a fourth protruding portion 52, the third protruding portion 51 is defined with a front end surface, a left side surface and a rear end surface, the fourth protruding portion 52 is defined with a front end surface, a right side surface and a rear end surface, and the third protruding portion 51 and the fourth protruding portion 52 and the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5 form a stepped structure;
the inner side of the third embracing arm 43 is respectively attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table 5 and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the third protruding part 51; the inner side of the fourth looping arm 44 is respectively attached to the right side surface of the second sliding table 5 and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the fourth protruding part 52; thus, at least four binding surfaces are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the second sliding table 5 and the first sliding table 4; when the milling operation is performed, the second slide table 5 is not displaced in the horizontal direction by the reaction force received by the milling head 8.
As a preferred embodiment, the third looping arm 43 includes a third arm body and a third baffle 431, wherein the third arm body extends forward from the left side of the front end of the first sliding table 4, the inner side of the third arm body is fitted with the left side surface of the second sliding table 5, the rear end surface and the left side surface of the third protrusion 51, the third baffle 431 is detachably fixed at one end of the third arm body away from the first sliding table 4, the third baffle 431 extends rightward perpendicular to the third arm body, and meanwhile, the rear side of the third baffle 431 is fitted with the front side surface of the third protrusion 51;
the fourth arm body 441 is detachably fixed to the fourth arm body, the end, far away from the first sliding table 4, of the fourth arm body 441 is extended leftwards, and the fourth baffle 441 is perpendicular to the fourth arm body and extends leftwards, and meanwhile, the rear side of the fourth baffle 441 is attached to the front side of the fourth protruding portion 52. Taking the structure shown in fig. 5 as an example, when the workpiece a moves in the direction indicated by the solid arrow in fig. 5 during the milling operation on the left side wall of the workpiece a, the workpiece a gives a reaction force to the milling head 7 through the cutter disc of the milling head 7 in the direction indicated by the broken arrow, because the milling head 7, the spindle 6 and the second sliding table 5 are all rigidly connected, the reaction force is transmitted to the second slide table 5 by the milling head 7, the main shaft 6, etc., and at this time, the rear end surface of the second slide table 5, the third protrusion 51 of the second slide table 5, and the abutting surface between the first slide table 4 are abutted, since the first slide table 4 and the second slide table 5 are both made of rigid materials, the reaction force is weakened, and further, since the fourth protrusion 52 and the rear end surface of the second slide table 5 form a stepped structure, the joint surface of the second slide table 5 and the first slide table 4 is also stepped, the reaction force is further dispersed and weakened; when the workpiece a moves in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow in fig. 5, the workpiece a gives a reaction force to the milling head 7 through the cutter disc in the direction indicated by the solid arrow, the reaction force is transmitted to the second sliding table 5 by the milling head 7, the main shaft 6 and the second sliding table 5 due to the rigid connection among the milling head 7, the main shaft 6 and the like, at this time, the fourth protrusion 52 of the second sliding table 5 abuts against the abutting surface between the first sliding table 4, the reaction force is weakened due to the rigid connection among the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5, further, the abutting surface between the second sliding table 5 and the first sliding table 5 is in a step shape due to the stepped structure formed by the fourth protrusion 52 and the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5, and the reaction force is further dispersed and weakened;
on the premise that the first sliding table 4 does not displace, the second sliding table 5 does not displace, and the spindle 6 and the milling head 7 do not displace, so that in the embodiment, when the milling operation is performed, the axial position of the milling head 7 cannot be changed due to the displacement of the workpiece a or the vibration of the milling head 7 in the milling process, and the operation precision is effectively ensured; the same operation as described above is performed when the workpiece a is subjected to left sidewall milling or when the workpiece a travels in the reverse direction along the table 8, and the description thereof is omitted.
As a preferred embodiment, a second escape groove 53 is defined on the front end surface of the first slide table 4 and/or the rear end surface of the second slide table 5, a second driving mechanism connected with the second sliding table 5 and driving the second sliding table to slide is arranged in the second avoiding groove 53, preferably, the second avoiding groove 53 is arranged in the middle of the front end surface of the first sliding table 4 and/or the middle of the rear end surface of the second sliding table 5, in order to shorten the distance between the joint surface between the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5 and the second driving mechanism, thereby reduce the degree of disturbance of the produced vibration of second actuating mechanism working process to above-mentioned binding face, further preferably, the second dodges the groove 53 and sets up in the middle part of the preceding terminal surface of first slip table 4 and the middle part of the rear end face of second slip table 5 and all inject the second and dodge the groove, provides more assembly space for second actuating mechanism. Preferably, the second driving mechanism comprises a second screw rod and a second servo motor connected with the second screw rod, and the second servo motor drives the second screw rod to rotate so as to drive the second sliding table 5 to slide up and down in the accommodating space; it should be noted that the sliding of the sliding table/slider and the like driven by the structure is a conventional technical means in the art (for example, publication No. CN201470957U, publication No. 2010.05.19, the name of which is a published patent document of a gantry vertical high-speed numerically controlled milling machine, has detailed description), and is not repeated here. Preferably, a second speed reducer connected to the second servo motor is further disposed in the second driving mechanism, and the second speed reducer is configured to increase a traction force of the second driving mechanism.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, a hydraulic driving member 45 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the first slide table 4, and the top of the hydraulic driving member 45 is connected to the second slide table 5 to support the weight of the second slide table 5 and reduce the load of the second driving mechanism.
As a preferred embodiment, an oil path (not shown in the figure) is defined on the first sliding table 4 and/or on the joint surfaces of the hard rail 21 and the second sliding table 5, and an oil inlet of the oil path is arranged on the joint surface between the first sliding table 4 and the cross beam 2 and the joint surface between the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5, so that lubricating oil flows into the oil path of the joint surface from the oil inlet to reduce the friction between the hard rail and the first sliding table and between the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5.
In a preferred embodiment, the oil passage is arranged in a zigzag line or a wavy line in the extending direction of the bonding surface.
As a preferred embodiment, a wear-resistant layer (not shown) is attached to the first sliding table 4 and/or the joint surface of the hard rail and the second sliding table 5, and lubricating oil enters the oil path from the oil inlet and then infiltrates onto the wear-resistant layer to reduce the friction force of the wear-resistant layer. Preferably, the wear-resistant layer is generally attached to a short guide rail (a movable guide rail or an upper guide rail) of the sliding guide rail pair, and particularly to the guide rail pair of the first sliding table 4 and the hard rail 21, from the viewpoint of material saving and convenience in processing, the wear-resistant layer can be attached to the surface of the first sliding table 4, which is attached to the hard rail 21; particularly, in the guide rail pair of the first sliding table 4 and the second sliding table 5, the wear-resistant layer is preferably attached to the surface of the first sliding table 4, which is attached to the second sliding table 5.
As a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant layer (also called a guide rail soft belt) is a belt-shaped structure extending along the relative sliding direction of the attaching surface;
the wear-resistant layer comprises a nano polymer composite material based on PTFE, contains abundant solid lubricant particles and has excellent frictional wear characteristics. The material is well known in the industry, and because the material adopts a nanometer superfine formula, the soft belt material of the guide rail is uniform and compact, has strong wear resistance, is widely used for manufacturing and maintaining sliding guide rails of various common machine tools and textile, printing, paper making, food, chemical industry, wood working machinery and other machinery, and is particularly suitable for various precision machine tools, numerical control machines and machining centers with high precision requirements.
It should be noted that the wear resistant layer preferably meets the following performance parameters:
high wear resistance: the wear resistance is at least 10 times that of the cast iron guide rail, so that the guide rail precision can be maintained;
low friction: the friction coefficient is less than 0.04, and is only 1/3 of a cast iron guide rail, so that the driving energy consumption is greatly reduced;
no creeping: the dynamic and static friction coefficients are close, the micro-motion feeding positioning is good, and the operation is stable;
good shock absorption: noise and vibration can be reduced, and the processing precision is improved;
the lubrication is good: the self-lubricating performance is good, and the guide rail can be prevented from being scratched even if the lubricating system fails;
the maintenance is easy: because the hardness of the soft belt is much lower than that of the gold, the abrasion mainly occurs on the abrasion-resistant layer, only a new abrasion-resistant layer needs to be replaced for maintenance, and meanwhile, the concave phenomenon of the guide rail pair is thoroughly avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant layer has a strip-shaped structure extending along the direction of relative sliding of the bonding surface, and the bonding process preferably includes:
coating super-strong special plastic-pasting glue on the plastic-pasting surface, pasting the wear-resistant layer on the plastic-pasting surface, then pressing a certain weight, ensuring that each point of the plastic-pasting surface is uniformly stressed during the pressing process, and placing the plastic-pasting surface until the glue is completely solidified;
placing a workpiece (a first sliding table) attached with a wear-resistant layer on a machine tool to mill an oil path;
and coating red powder on the plastic-coated surface to enable the two binding surfaces to be fully rubbed, and scraping high points generated by friction smoothly by using a manual shovel, so that the plastic-coated surface is better bonded and the flatness is ensured.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, an oil receiving box 214 opposite to the first driving mechanism is further disposed below the hard rail 21.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the milling machine further comprises a calibration device 9 arranged on one side of the machine body, one end of the calibration device 9 close to the machine body 1 is limited with a calibration surface 91 parallel to the length direction of the machine body 1, and one side of the calibration device 9 far away from the machine body is connected with a third driving mechanism for driving the calibration device to move towards or away from the machine body;
the calibration device 9 is disposed on the front side of the cross beam 2, and is used for performing azimuth calibration on the workpiece a by pushing the workpiece a on the worktable 8 through the calibration surface 91 before the milling operation.
To sum up, the first sliding table of the utility model is directly arranged on the beam through surface-to-surface lamination, thus eliminating the stroke limitation and ensuring the assembly rigidity of the first sliding table and the second sliding table; the front end of the first sliding table embraces the two sides of the second sliding table, so that the displacement deviating from the moving direction can be effectively avoided in the moving process of the driving main shaft, and the moving precision is ensured; and simultaneously, the utility model discloses a main shaft part inlays and locates second slip table bottom, the feed and move back the sword process and be realized by the removal of second slip table or first slip table and second slip table, remove the in-process, the cutter head can not sink because of gravity, can not produce relative displacement between main shaft part itself and the second slip table promptly, so not only can guarantee the dynamics of milling, and at the milling process, the reaction force that the main shaft received and is come from the work piece is dispersed to the second slip table, on first slip table and the crossbeam, because the second slip table, first slip table and crossbeam are rigid connection, the in-process of this reaction force transmission is weakened, thereby the production of unnecessary displacement has been avoided, improve the machining precision.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and that any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. The utility model provides a long stroke high accuracy numerical control planer-type milling machine which characterized in that includes:
the lathe bed is provided with a workbench;
the portal frame comprises upright columns which are respectively arranged on two sides of the lathe bed and a cross beam which crosses over the lathe bed and is fixedly connected with the two upright columns, and a hard rail which extends along the length direction of the cross beam is limited at the front end of the cross beam;
the upper part and the lower part of the rear end of the first sliding table extend backwards and are embraced on the hard rail, and the first sliding table can slide left and right along the hard rail;
the second sliding table is arranged on the first sliding table and can slide up and down relative to the first sliding table;
the main shaft is transversely fixed at the bottom of the second sliding table perpendicular to the moving direction of the workbench, and one end of the main shaft, which is close to the machine body, is provided with a milling head;
when the first sliding table and/or the second sliding table slide, the main shaft and the milling head are driven to synchronously move.
2. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the milling machine comprises two first sliding tables and two second sliding tables, the two first sliding tables are oppositely arranged at the front end of the cross beam, and the two second sliding tables are respectively arranged on the corresponding first sliding tables.
3. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planomiller of claim 2, wherein the sum of the strokes of the two first sliding tables is not less than the length of the cross beam, and at least one first sliding table can span above the workbench.
4. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein a first mounting hole is defined at the bottom of the second sliding table, and the spindle is fixed in the first mounting hole.
5. A long-stroke high-precision numerically controlled planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the rigid rail is defined with a first protrusion protruding upward, and the lower portion of the rigid rail is defined with a second protrusion protruding downward; the first projection defines a front face, a top face, and a rear face, and the second projection defines a front face, a bottom face, and a rear face;
the upper portion of first slip table rear end stretches out backward and buckles downwards and forms first cohesion arm, and this first cohesion arm and the preceding terminal surface of first protruding portion, top face and the laminating of rear end face, the lower part of first slip table rear end stretches out backward and upwards buckles and forms second cohesion arm, and this second cohesion arm and the preceding terminal surface of second protruding portion, bottom face and the laminating of rear end face.
6. A long stroke high accuracy numerical control planer type milling machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the top of said first protrusion defines a slope having a front side higher and a rear side lower and abutting against the lower portion of the rearward extension of the first embracing arm.
7. A long stroke high precision numerical control planomiller according to claim 6, wherein the front end face of the second protrusion is flush with the front end face of the hard rail.
8. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the first embracing and closing arm comprises a first arm body and a first baffle plate, wherein the first arm body extends backwards from the upper part of the rear end of the first sliding table, the lower part of the first arm body is attached to the inclined surface, the first baffle plate is detachably fixed at one end, away from the first sliding table, of the first arm body and extends downwards perpendicular to the first arm body, and meanwhile, the front side of the first baffle plate is attached to the rear side of the first protruding part;
the second cohesion arm includes the second arm body and second baffle, wherein, the first arm body stretches out backward from the lower part of first slip table rear end, and first slip table one end is kept away from to second baffle detachably fixed in the second arm body to perpendicular to second cohesion arm upwards extends.
9. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planomiller according to claim 1, wherein a first avoiding groove is defined in the middle of the front end surface of the hard rail and/or in the middle of the rear end surface of the first sliding table, and a first driving mechanism connected with the first sliding table and used for driving the first sliding table to slide is arranged in the first avoiding groove.
10. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein a third embracing arm which extends forwards and is bent to the right side is defined on the left side of the front end of the first sliding table; a fourth embracing arm which extends forwards and is bent towards the left side is limited on the right side of the front end of the first sliding table, and the third embracing arm, the fourth embracing arm and the front end surface of the first sliding table are encircled to form a limiting space which contains the second sliding table and embraces two sides of the second sliding table; when the second sliding table slides up and down relative to the first sliding table, a part of the second sliding table is always limited in the limiting space.
11. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planomiller according to claim 10, wherein a third protrusion and a fourth protrusion are respectively defined on two side edges of the second sliding table, the third protrusion defines a front end face, a left side face and a rear end face, the fourth protrusion defines a front end face, a right side face and a rear end face, and the third protrusion and the fourth protrusion and the rear end face of the second sliding table form a stepped structure;
the inner side of the third embracing arm is respectively attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table and the front end surface, the left side surface and the rear end surface of the third protruding part; the inner side of the fourth embracing and closing arm is respectively attached to the right side face of the second sliding table and the front end face, the left side face and the rear end face of the fourth protruding portion.
12. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 11, wherein the third embracing and closing arm comprises a third arm body and a third baffle plate, wherein the third arm body extends forwards from the left side of the front end of the first sliding table, the inner side of the third arm body is attached to the left side surface of the second sliding table, the rear end surface and the left side surface of the third protrusion, the third baffle plate is detachably fixed to one end, away from the first sliding table, of the third arm body, the third baffle plate extends rightwards perpendicular to the third arm body, and meanwhile, the rear side of the third baffle plate is attached to the front side surface of the third protrusion;
the fourth cohesion arm includes the fourth arm body and fourth baffle, wherein, the fourth arm body stretches out forward from the right side of first slip table front end, and the inboard of the fourth arm body and the rear end face and the right flank laminating of second slip table right flank, fourth protruding portion, and first slip table one end is kept away from to fourth baffle detachably fixed in the fourth arm body, and the fourth baffle perpendicular to fourth arm body extends left, and simultaneously, the rear side of fourth baffle and the leading flank laminating of fourth protruding portion.
13. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein a second avoiding groove is defined on the front end surface of the first sliding table and/or the rear end surface of the second sliding table, and a second driving mechanism which is connected with the second sliding table and drives the second sliding table to slide is arranged in the second avoiding groove.
14. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 13, wherein a hydraulic driving part is arranged on each of the left side and the right side of the first sliding table, and the top of the hydraulic driving part is connected with the second sliding table.
15. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 1, wherein an oil passage is defined on the first sliding table and/or the abutting surfaces of the hard rail and the second sliding table, and an oil inlet of the oil passage is arranged on the abutting surface between the first sliding table and the cross beam and the abutting surface between the first sliding table and the second sliding table.
16. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planomiller according to claim 15, wherein the oil passages are distributed in a zigzag or wavy line shape in the extending direction of the abutting surface.
17. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine according to claim 16, wherein a wear-resistant layer is attached to the first sliding table and/or the abutting surfaces of the hard rail and the second sliding table, and lubricating oil enters the oil path from the oil inlet and then infiltrates the oil path onto the wear-resistant layer.
18. The long-stroke high-precision numerical control planomiller of claim 17, wherein the wear-resistant layer is a belt-shaped structure extending along the relative sliding direction of the abutting surfaces;
the wear-resistant layer comprises a nano polymer composite material based on PTFE.
19. A long-stroke high-precision numerical control planomiller according to claim 1, further comprising a calibration device arranged on one side of the lathe bed, wherein one end of the calibration device, which is close to the lathe bed, is provided with a calibration surface parallel to the length direction of the lathe bed, and the side of the calibration device, which is far away from the lathe bed, is connected with a third driving mechanism for driving the calibration device to move towards or away from the lathe bed;
the calibrating device is arranged on the front side of the cross beam.
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| CN202120369138.4U CN214517783U (en) | 2021-02-10 | 2021-02-10 | Long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine |
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| CN112792385A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-05-14 | 宁波昌成数控机械有限公司 | Long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112792385A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-05-14 | 宁波昌成数控机械有限公司 | Long-stroke high-precision numerical control planer type milling machine |
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