CN214428670U - Lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN214428670U CN214428670U CN202022675892.9U CN202022675892U CN214428670U CN 214428670 U CN214428670 U CN 214428670U CN 202022675892 U CN202022675892 U CN 202022675892U CN 214428670 U CN214428670 U CN 214428670U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery, especially, relate to a but lithium ion battery of low temperature charging, include: a positive plate; the first negative plate is arranged on one side of the positive plate and comprises a first negative current collector and a first negative material layer arranged on the surface of the first negative current collector, and the first negative material layer is a lithium titanate material layer; the second negative plate is arranged on the other side of the positive plate and comprises a second negative current collector and a second negative material layer arranged on the surface of the second negative current collector, and the lithium intercalation potential of the second negative material layer is smaller than that of the lithium titanate material layer; and the diaphragms are arranged between the first negative plate and the positive plate and between the second negative plate and the positive plate. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a lithium ion battery improves the charging performance under the low temperature condition, especially the big multiplying power charging performance under the ultra-low temperature condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery, especially, relate to a but lithium ion battery of low temperature charging.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of light weight, high specific energy, long service life, easy packaging and high safety performance, is widely applied to various electronic devices, and the market demand is steadily increasing in nearly five years. With the wide application of lithium ion batteries, the use conditions of various electronic devices also have more severe requirements on the lithium ion batteries. Such as the temperature characteristics of a lithium ion battery. Under the condition of-20 ℃, the discharge of the common lithium ion battery is only 50% -60% of the initial capacity, and the low-temperature charge can only meet the charge condition of more than 0 ℃. This problem of conventional lithium ion batteries is clearly not satisfactory for outdoor applications such as military weapons, aerospace, vehicle power, polar scientific investigation, cold zone rescue, power communications, public safety, railways, ships, robots, etc.
In a low-temperature environment, the main factors influencing the charge and discharge of the lithium ion battery are as follows: 1) the viscosity of the electrolyte is obviously increased along with the reduction of the temperature, and Li+The transmission rate is slow, and the conductivity is sharply reduced; 2) li+Reduced solid-liquid phase diffusion rate, reduced kinetic performance, electron and Li+The transmission rate at the cathode interface is reduced, and particularly for graphite cathode systems, the transmission rate is more obvious, so that the low-temperature performance of the lithium ion battery is greatly influenced.
Some of the current approaches in the industry to improve hypothermia are: the conductivity of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is optimized, a proper low-melting-point electrolyte is selected, and the charge exchange impedance between the electrolyte and the positive electrode interface, the charge exchange impedance between a solid electrolyte film (SEI) and the negative electrode interface and the like at low temperature are optimized, but the measures are more measures for improving the low-temperature discharge performance of the lithium ion battery, and the improvement of the low-temperature charge performance is not obvious. The problem of lithium dendrite precipitation is easy to occur due to the poor dynamic performance of the graphite negative electrode during low-temperature charging. Therefore, in order to improve the low-temperature charging performance, improvement has been made by using lithium titanate as a negative electrode. This is because lithium titanate has a spinel structure, and thus has good cycle performance and a high lithium ion diffusion coefficient (2 × 10)-8cm2And/s) high lithium intercalation potential, and is not easy to generate lithium dendrite. However, the use of lithium titanate as the negative electrode may result in a low voltage plateau of the full cell due to its too high voltage plateau, and the energy density is too low to meet some applications with higher requirements for energy density. And lithium titanate is higher in price compared with graphite.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature is provided, and the charging performance under the low-temperature condition is improved, particularly the high-rate charging performance under the ultralow-temperature condition.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery comprising:
a positive plate;
the first negative plate is arranged on one side of the positive plate and comprises a first negative current collector and a first negative material layer arranged on the surface of the first negative current collector, and the first negative material layer is a lithium titanate material layer;
the second negative plate is arranged on the other side of the positive plate and comprises a second negative current collector and a second negative material layer arranged on the surface of the second negative current collector, and the lithium intercalation potential of the second negative material layer is smaller than that of the lithium titanate material layer;
and the diaphragms are arranged between the first negative plate and the positive plate and between the second negative plate and the positive plate.
As a lithium ion battery's that can charge at low temperature improvement, the lithium embedding electric potential on lithium titanate material layer is 1.55V, the lithium embedding electric potential on second negative pole material layer is 0.2V.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature, the lithium ion battery is a laminated battery with a square structure.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature, the lithium ion battery is a winding type battery with a cylindrical structure.
As a lithium ion battery's that can charge at low temperature improvement, first negative pole piece electricity is connected with first negative pole utmost point ear, the second negative pole piece is provided with second negative pole utmost point ear, first negative pole utmost point ear with second negative pole utmost point ear electricity is connected.
As a low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery's an improvement, first negative pole utmost point ear with second negative pole utmost point ear is nickel utmost point ear.
As a low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery's an improvement, first negative pole mass flow body with second negative pole mass flow body is the copper foil.
As a lithium ion battery's that can charge at low temperature improvement, the positive plate include the anodal mass flow body and set up in the anodal material layer on anodal mass flow body surface, the anodal material layer includes at least one kind in lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium cobaltate, the nickel cobalt lithium manganate.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature, the positive current collector is an aluminum foil.
As a lithium ion battery's that can charge at low temperature improvement, positive plate electricity is connected with anodal utmost point ear, anodal utmost point ear is aluminium utmost point ear.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the utility model discloses a lithium ion battery adopts two kinds of different negative pole pieces to arrange the use, and during initial charging, lithium ion imbeds first negative pole piece, and its first negative pole material layer of first negative pole piece is the lithium titanate material layer, and the spinel structure of lithium titanate and high lithium embedding electric potential can realize under the low temperature condition that big multiplying power charges and does not separate out lithium, and the electric current can bring the temperature rise in the charging process simultaneously, makes the inside temperature rise of electricity core to improve the viscosity of electrolyte; when the first negative plate is completely embedded with lithium, the negative electrode potential continuously drops to the lithium embedding potential of the second negative plate, and at the moment, because the dynamic performance of the active material in the second negative plate is improved after the temperature rises, the second negative plate can also be normally embedded with lithium, thereby achieving the purpose of low-temperature large-rate charging of the battery core.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a charge-discharge curve diagram of the lithium ion battery of example 1.
Wherein: 1-positive plate, 2-first negative plate, 3-second negative plate, 4-diaphragm, 11-positive current collector, 12-positive material layer, 21-first negative current collector, 22-first negative active material layer, 31-second negative current collector, 32-second negative material layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a low-temperature chargeable lithium ion battery, including:
a positive plate 1;
the first negative plate 2 is arranged on one side of the positive plate 1, the first negative plate 2 comprises a first negative current collector 21 and a first negative material layer 22 arranged on the surface of the first negative current collector 21, and the first negative material layer 22 is a lithium titanate material layer;
the second negative plate 3 is arranged on the other side of the positive plate 1, the second negative plate 3 comprises a second negative current collector 31 and a second negative material layer 32 arranged on the surface of the second negative current collector 31, and the lithium intercalation potential of the second negative material layer 32 is smaller than that of the lithium titanate material layer; preferably, the second anode material layer comprises at least one of graphite, silicon, a silicon carbon composite material and a silicon oxygen material;
and separators 4 disposed between the first negative electrode sheet 2 and the positive electrode sheet 1 and between the second negative electrode sheet 3 and the positive electrode sheet 1.
The utility model discloses the people finds that, when charging, lithium ions are disengaged from the positive pole, and because the lithium-embedded potential of the lithium titanate in the first negative plate 2 is higher than the lithium-embedded potential of the material of the second negative plate 3, the lithium ions which just begin to be disengaged can be embedded into the lithium titanate material of the first negative plate 2; when lithium intercalation of lithium titanate of the first negative plate 2 is completed, the negative electrode potential continuously drops to the material intercalation potential of the second negative plate 3, at this time, lithium ions begin to be extracted from the positive electrode and are embedded into the second negative electrode material layer 31 of the second negative plate 3, and finally, the cell voltage reaches the upper voltage limit and charging is stopped. And the lithium potential of analysing of lithium cell takes place when negative pole voltage is 0V, and this structure has two different voltage platforms, all is higher than 0V, does not have the safety risk that the lithium of analysing caused, and lithium titanate is for material structure configuration itself becomes 0 in the circulation simultaneously, and the circulation of more single graphite negative pole is stable. In addition, the temperature rise can be brought by the current in the charging process, so that the internal temperature of the battery core is raised, the viscosity of the electrolyte can be improved, and the dynamic performance of the active material in the second negative plate 3 can also be improved, therefore, when the negative potential continuously drops to the lithium-embedded potential of the second negative plate 3 after the first negative plate 2 is completely embedded with lithium, the second negative plate 3 can also be normally embedded with lithium, and the purpose of low-temperature high-rate charging of the battery core is achieved. Therefore, the utility model can improve the charging performance under the low temperature condition, in particular to the high-rate charging performance under the ultra-low temperature condition; and simultaneously, the utility model discloses compare in traditional lithium titanate battery and promoted energy density and cost advantage.
In some embodiments of the low-temperature chargeable lithium ion battery of the present invention, the lithium intercalation potential of the lithium titanate material layer is 1.55V, and the lithium intercalation potential of the second negative electrode material layer 32 is 0.2V.
In some embodiments of the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature, the lithium ion battery is a laminated battery with a square structure.
In some embodiments of the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature, the lithium ion battery is a wound battery having a cylindrical structure.
Some embodiments of the lithium ion battery that can charge at low temperature, 2 electricity of first negative pole piece are connected with first negative pole utmost point ear, second negative pole piece 3 is provided with second negative pole utmost point ear, first negative pole utmost point ear and second negative pole utmost point ear electricity are connected. The first negative plate 2 and the second negative plate 3 are welded through a first negative pole tab and a second negative pole tab, and each layer of negative plates are connected in parallel to be in an equipotential state.
Some embodiments of the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature, the first negative electrode tab and the second negative electrode tab are nickel tabs.
In some embodiments of the low temperature rechargeable lithium ion battery of the present invention, the first negative current collector 21 and the second negative current collector 31 are copper foils.
Some embodiments of lithium ion battery that can charge at low temperature in, positive plate 1 includes anodal mass flow body 11 and sets up in the anodal material layer 12 on anodal mass flow body 11 surface, anodal material layer 12 includes at least one in lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium cobaltate, the nickel cobalt lithium manganate.
In some embodiments of the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature, the positive current collector 11 is an aluminum foil.
But some embodiments of low temperature charging's lithium ion battery in, 1 electricity of positive plate is connected with anodal utmost point ear, anodal utmost point ear is aluminium utmost point ear.
Embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated below with reference to examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention.
Example 1
Preparing a positive plate:
mixing lithium cobaltate powder, conductive carbon, carbon nanotubes and PVDF according to a specified proportion, then adding NMP in a high-speed stirrer and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry with the solid content of 74%; the slurry was coated on one side of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 12 μm using a transfer coater, and dried while keeping the weight of the coating per unit area after drying at 17.8mg/cm2(ii) a Then, the other side of the aluminum foil was coated and dried in the same process to obtain a positive electrode sheet.
Preparing a first negative plate:
mixing lithium titanate powder, conductive carbon, carbon nano tubes, CMC and SBR in a specified proportion, adding deionized water into a high-speed stirrer, and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry with solid content of 48%. The slurry was coated on one side of a copper foil having a thickness of 8 μm using a transfer coater, dried, and kept at a weight of 10.4mg/cm after drying the coating per unit area2. Then, the other side of the copper foil is coated and dried by the same process to obtain a first negative electrode sheet.
Preparing a second negative plate:
mixing graphite powder, conductive carbon, carbon nano tubes, CMC and SBR in a specified proportion, adding deionized water into a high-speed stirrer, and uniformly mixing to obtain slurry with solid content of 48%. The slurry was coated on one side of a copper foil having a thickness of 8 μm using a transfer coater, dried, and kept at a weight of 10.4mg/cm after drying the coating per unit area2. And then coating and drying the other surface of the copper foil by the same process to obtain a second negative electrode sheet.
Preparing a lithium ion battery:
processing and welding the exposed metal foil part of the pole piece into a pole lug, welding a nickel pole lug leading-out end on a first negative pole piece and a second negative pole piece to form a negative pole of the battery cell, welding an aluminum pole lug leading-out end on a positive pole piece to form a positive pole of the battery cell, and then laminating the positive pole piece and the isolation film to form the battery cell; and (3) wrapping the battery core by using an aluminum-plastic film to prepare a semi-finished product battery core, injecting electrolyte, and carrying out formation and grading steps to obtain a finished product lithium ion battery.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is:
the active materials in the first negative electrode sheet and the second negative electrode sheet of the present comparative example were both graphite.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Performance testing
1) The lithium ion battery of example 1 was subjected to a charge and discharge test to obtain a charge and discharge curve chart shown in fig. 2.
2) The lithium ion battery of example 1 was charged at-20 ℃ at 0.5C, and the presence of lithium deposition was observed in the negative electrode, and similarly, the lithium ion battery of comparative example 1 was charged at 0.5C at 0 ℃ and the presence of lithium deposition was observed on the surface of the negative electrode.
Test results
1) As can be seen from fig. 2, the lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature in example 1 has two platforms during charging, because the lithium removal potential of the positive electrode lithium cobaltate material is 3.7V to 3.8V, the lithium intercalation potential of lithium titanate in the first negative plate is 1.55V, the lithium intercalation potential of graphite in the second negative plate is 0.2V, and the difference between the lithium intercalation potentials of the first negative plate and the second negative plate is large, so that the charging platform is obviously segmented, and the actual measurement in the figure is consistent with the theory. The discharge curve also has two plateaus for the same reason as charging. After the mixed cathodes of the first cathode plate and the second cathode plate are combined into the battery cell, the voltage of the charge and discharge platform is respectively 2.0V-3.0V and 3.0V-4.2V.
2) The second negative electrode plate in the embodiment 1 has a golden surface after lithium intercalation, and no lithium precipitation phenomenon occurs on the surface of the plate; whereas the graphite negative electrode of comparative example 1 had a severe lithium precipitation on the surface. The contrast of the interface after charging under the low temperature condition shows, the utility model discloses a lithium ion battery can satisfy the low temperature requirement of charging, and more current lithium ion battery has the improvement of essence.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any obvious modifications, replacements or variations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery comprising:
a positive plate;
the first negative plate is arranged on one side of the positive plate and comprises a first negative current collector and a first negative material layer arranged on the surface of the first negative current collector, and the first negative material layer is a lithium titanate material layer;
the second negative plate is arranged on the other side of the positive plate and comprises a second negative current collector and a second negative material layer arranged on the surface of the second negative current collector, and the lithium intercalation potential of the second negative material layer is smaller than that of the lithium titanate material layer;
and the diaphragms are arranged between the first negative plate and the positive plate and between the second negative plate and the positive plate.
2. The low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery of claim 1 wherein the lithium titanate material layer has a lithium intercalation potential of 1.55V and the second negative electrode material layer has a lithium intercalation potential of 0.2V.
3. The low-temperature chargeable lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery is a laminated battery having a square structure.
4. The lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery is a cylindrical wound battery.
5. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the first negative plate is electrically connected with a first negative tab, the second negative plate is provided with a second negative tab, and the first negative tab and the second negative tab are electrically connected.
6. The low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery of claim 5, wherein the first and second negative electrode tabs are both nickel tabs.
7. The low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the first negative current collector and the second negative current collector are copper foils.
8. The lithium ion battery capable of being charged at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the positive plate comprises a positive current collector and a positive material layer arranged on the surface of the positive current collector.
9. The low temperature chargeable lithium ion battery of claim 8 wherein the positive electrode current collector is aluminum foil.
10. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the positive plate is electrically connected with a positive tab, and the positive tab is an aluminum tab.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117133861A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-11-28 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Negative electrode plate, battery cell and electricity utilization device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117133861A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-11-28 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Negative electrode plate, battery cell and electricity utilization device |
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