CN214416618U - Material separating cone - Google Patents
Material separating cone Download PDFInfo
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- CN214416618U CN214416618U CN202023351124.4U CN202023351124U CN214416618U CN 214416618 U CN214416618 U CN 214416618U CN 202023351124 U CN202023351124 U CN 202023351124U CN 214416618 U CN214416618 U CN 214416618U
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 38
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 29
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910034327 TiC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application provides a branch material awl belongs to breaker technical field. The material-dividing cone comprises a base and a wear-resistant body. The base is provided with an annular material distribution surface, and a plurality of embedding grooves arranged around the center of the material distribution surface are arranged on the material distribution surface. The wear-resistant bodies are embedded in the embedding grooves. The utility model provides a divide the material awl inlay on the branch charge level of base and establish a plurality of wear-resisting bodies to improve the wearability of dividing the charge level, protect the base, reduce the wearing and tearing volume. The wear-resistant body is made of the composite material, the composite material is good in wear resistance, and the wear-resistant body is used for preparing the wear-resistant body on the surface of the material distribution cone, so that the service life of the material distribution cone is prolonged by more than 3 times. The weight of the material distribution cone of the wear-resistant body made of the composite material is reduced, and further the power output of a motor and the bearing loss are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of crushers, in particular to a distributing cone.
Background
The rotor part of the vertical shaft crusher comprises a material distributing cone, a material throwing head and a material guide disc. After materials such as ores enter the rotor body through the blanking port, the ore materials are thrown out at a higher linear speed accelerated by centrifugal force under the action of high-speed rotation (the angular speed is 1000-2000 r/min). The material can produce a large amount of frictions with the branch material awl, leads to the branch material awl wearing and tearing to become invalid too fast, and general life-span is only 100 ~ 200 h. Because the size of the material separating cone is large, the weight is large, and the material separating cone of some large vertical shaft crushing equipment is larger than 100 kg. Therefore, the daily disassembly and replacement of the part are very troublesome, time and labor are consumed, at least more than half a day, and the use efficiency of a user is seriously influenced.
The existing material dividing cone mainly adopts the following three manufacturing forms: 1. carrying out gravity casting by using high-chromium cast iron; 2. embedding a hard alloy column in the high-chromium cast iron alloy; 3. and (3) carrying out surfacing welding on the surface of the material dividing cone part by using a welding wire. However, the material separating cone prepared by the method has the following defects: 1. the high-chromium cast iron has poor toughness, and parts are easy to crack in the manufacturing and transportation process; 2. the cost for embedding the hard alloy columns is too high; 3. the wear-resistant service life of the surfacing material is short, the welding wire surfacing and dismantling machine is frequently maintained, and the production efficiency is low; 4. the density of hard alloy or other metal materials is high, so that the output power of the motor is high, and the equipment cost is high; the power consumption of the user is high in the using process, and the sand making cost is high; the bearing stress of the equipment rotating bearing is large, and the service life is short; 5. due to the high hardness of the wear-resistant material, the part is difficult to form, process and manufacture, and the freedom degree of the structural design of the part is limited.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a branch material awl, its life that can improve branch material awl.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, the present examples provide a dispensing cone comprising a base and a wear body.
The base is provided with an annular material distribution surface, and a plurality of embedding grooves arranged around the center of the material distribution surface are arranged on the material distribution surface.
The wear-resistant bodies are embedded in the embedding grooves.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, the branch material awl of this application inlays on the branch material face of base and establishes a plurality of wear-resisting bodies to improve the wearability of dividing the material face, protect the base, reduce the wearing and tearing volume.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible example of the first aspect of the present application, the wear body protrudes from the distributing surface.
In the above example, the wear-resistant body protrudes from the material distribution surface, so that the contact area between the wear-resistant body and the material can be increased in the high-speed rotation process of the material distribution cone, and the high-speed scraping between the material and the material distribution cone is reduced.
With reference to the first aspect, in a second possible example of the first aspect of the present application, the wear-resistant body is 3-7 mm higher than the material separating surface.
In a third possible example of the first aspect of the present application in combination with the first aspect, the plurality of wear bodies are identical in shape and size.
In the above example, a plurality of wear-resistant bodies can be prepared by using the same die, so that the preparation cost of the die is saved, and the wear-resistant bodies on the material distribution surface are uniformly distributed.
In a fourth possible example of the first aspect of the present application in combination with the first aspect, one wear-resistant body is provided in each of the inlay grooves.
In the above example, one wear body may fill one inlay groove.
In a fifth possible example of the first aspect of the present application, in combination with the first aspect, a groove is formed between any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies, and the width of the groove is 10-30 mm.
In the above example, the grooves between any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies can rapidly eject the material.
In a sixth possible example of the first aspect of the present application in combination with the first aspect, the upper surface of the wear-resistant body is trapezoidal, and the two adjacent waistlines of any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies are parallel.
In the above example, the adjacent two belt lines of any adjacent two wear bodies are parallel so that the grooves are linear.
With reference to the first aspect, in a seventh possible example of the first aspect of the present application, 5 to 18 mosaic grooves are provided on the material distribution surface.
With reference to the first aspect, in an eighth possible example of the first aspect of the present application, 9 insert grooves are provided on the discharge surface.
In a ninth possible example of the first aspect of the present application, in combination with the first aspect, the base is made of ductile iron or high manganese steel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a material distribution cone according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a base according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 illustrates a plurality of wear body components secured using a frame according to embodiments of the present application.
Icon: 10-material separating cone; 100-a base; 101-material distribution surface; 102-a through hole; 103-embedding grooves; 200-a wear resistant body; 300-trench.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following is a detailed description of the material distribution cone 10 according to the embodiment of the present application:
referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a material distribution cone 10, wherein an upper portion of the material distribution cone 10 is conical, a lower portion of the material distribution cone 10 is cylindrical, and the material distribution cone 10 includes a base 100 and a wear-resistant body 200.
Referring to fig. 2, a material distributing surface 101 is disposed on an upper surface of a base 100, a through hole 102 is disposed at a middle portion of the base 100 along an axial direction, and the material distributing surface 101 is distributed around the through hole 102. The distribution surface 101 is a curved surface with a shape similar to the side of a cone but without a conical tip.
The distributing surface 101 is provided with a plurality of embedding grooves 103 arranged around the through hole 102.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the plurality of insert grooves 103 are uniform in shape and size, and the plurality of insert grooves 103 are uniformly distributed on the distribution surface 101, and each insert groove 103 extends from a position close to the through hole 102 to the edge of the distribution surface 101 in the longitudinal direction of the distribution surface 101. In other embodiments of the present application, the shape and size of each damascene trench 103 may be different, and may be formed according to actual requirements.
The number of the embedding grooves 103 is 5-18.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the distribution surface 101 is provided with 9 evenly arranged inlay grooves 103. In other embodiments of the present application, the distributing surface 101 may further include 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, or 18 embedding slots 103.
Referring to fig. 1, a plurality of wear-resistant bodies 200 are embedded in the plurality of embedding slots 103.
It should be noted that the present application does not limit the number of the wear-resistant bodies 200 in each of the pockets 103.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, one wear body 200 is arranged in each inlay groove 103. In other embodiments of the present application, 2, 3 or more wear-resistant bodies 200 may be disposed in each of the insert pockets 103, but a plurality of wear-resistant bodies 200 are required to be matched with each other to fill each of the insert pockets 103 so that each of the wear-resistant bodies 200 is stably disposed in the insert pocket 103.
The wear-resistant bodies 200 protrude from the material distribution surface 101 to form a step, and a groove 300 is formed between any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies 200.
The protruding structure can protect the base 100 and reduce the abrasion loss of the base 100; on the other hand, in the high-speed rotation process of the material distribution cone 10, the contact area with the material is increased, the high-speed scraping between the material and the material distribution cone 10 is reduced, and the material can be quickly thrown out through the grooves 300 between any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies 200.
Optionally, the wear body 200 is higher than the distribution surface 101.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the wear body 200 is 1015 mm above the parting plane. In other embodiments of the present application, the wear body 200 may also be 1014 mm, 6mm, or 7mm above the parting plane.
The width of the groove 300 is 10-30 mm.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the width of the groove 300 is 20 mm. In other embodiments of the present application, the width of the groove 300 may also be 10mm, 15mm, 25mm, or 30 mm.
In order to make the grooves 300 linear, the upper surface of the protruding wear-resistant body 200 is trapezoidal, and the two adjacent waist lines of any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies 200 are parallel.
Wherein, the wear-resistant body 200 is made of the composite material, and the base 100 is made of nodular cast iron, high manganese steel or high chromium cast iron.
The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps: mixing and sintering ceramic particles, a binder and water glass to prepare a ceramic preform with a porous structure, pouring first molten iron into a mold, and putting the ceramic preform into the mold for extrusion casting so that the first molten iron enters pores of the ceramic preform.
The preparation method can prepare the porous material with the first molten iron filled in the pores of the ceramic preform, and the particle size of the pores of the ceramic preform is less than or equal to 1 mm. The composite material has good wear resistance, and is used for preparing the wear-resistant body 200 of the material distributing surface 101 of the material distributing cone 10, so that the service life of the material distributing cone 10 is prolonged by more than 3 times (600 h). Meanwhile, the density of the ceramic preform is lower and is 5g/cm3Therefore, the weight of the material dividing cone 10 of the wear-resistant body 200 made of the composite material is reduced, and the power output of the motor and the bearing loss are further reduced. The preparation method is simple and convenient, and the raw materials are cheap.
The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of ceramic preforms
And stirring and mixing the ceramic particles, the adhesive and the water glass to prepare a mixture, then putting the mixture into a ceramic preform mold, and finally putting the ceramic preform mold filled with the mixture into a muffle furnace for sintering.
The ceramic particles comprise ZTA (ZrO)2Toughened Al2O3)、Al2O3、ZrO2、B4C、TiC、VC、ZrC、NbC、WC、SiC、Si3N4AlN or TiB2. The particle size of the ceramic particles is 1.00-4.75 mm, and the mass fraction of the ceramic particles with the particle size of 1.40-2.36 mm is 20-60%.
The adhesive is inorganic high-temperature-resistant glue and comprises aluminosilicate materials.
The mass ratio of the ceramic particles to the adhesive to the water glass is 100: 1-7.
In one embodiment of the present application, the mass ratio of the ceramic particles, the binder, and the water glass may be 100:6: 6. In other embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the ceramic particles, the binder, and the water glass may also be 100:5:5, or may be 100:7:7, or may be 100:3:4, or may be 100:5: 2.
Optionally, the sintering temperature is 700-1000 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present application, the temperature of sintering may be 1000 ℃. In other embodiments of the present application, the sintering temperature may be 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃ or 980 ℃.
Optionally, the sintering time is 10-60 min.
In one embodiment of the present application, the time for sintering may be 60 min. In other embodiments of the present application, the sintering time may be 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, or 55 min.
2. Preparation of composite Material
Pouring the first molten iron into a mold, quickly transferring a ceramic preform prepared by sintering into the mold for extrusion casting, cooling to 100-200 ℃ after the extrusion casting is finished, then placing into a muffle furnace for heating to 180-350 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4 h, and finally air cooling to room temperature.
Optionally, the first molten iron is smelted from high chromium cast iron, high manganese steel or low alloy steel.
The high-chromium cast iron has a chromium element content of 15-28 wt% and an iron element content of more than 60 wt%.
Optionally, the high chromium cast iron selected for use herein is under the designation BTMCr15, BTMCr20, or BTMCr 26.
Optionally, the transfer time is within 10 s.
When the transfer time is less than 10s, the temperature of the ceramic preform is kept between 700 and 1000 ℃, and extrusion casting is facilitated. When the temperature of the ceramic preform is reduced to below 700 ℃, the ceramic preform is heated and then extrusion casting can be performed.
The pressure of extrusion casting is 100-300 MPa.
In one embodiment of the present application, the pressure of the squeeze casting may be 200 MPa. In other embodiments of the present application, the pressure of the squeeze casting may also be 100MPa, 150MPa, 180MPa, 220MPa, 250MPa, or 300 MPa.
The pressure maintaining time of extrusion casting is 60-180 s.
In one embodiment of the present application, the dwell time for squeeze casting may be 60 s. In other embodiments of the present application, the dwell time of the extrusion casting may also be 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 110s, 120s, 130s, 140s, 150s, 160s, 170s, or 180 s.
After extrusion forming is finished, firstly, a cooling system of the die is adopted to cool the part to 650-750 ℃, then the part is demoulded and air-cooled to 100-150 ℃, and then tempering treatment is carried out.
The tempering treatment can eliminate partial or all stress in the part and prevent the part made of the composite material from cracking.
The volume fraction of the solidified first molten iron in the composite material prepared by the method is 30-60%, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform is 40-70%.
In one embodiment of the present application, the volume fraction of the first molten iron in the composite material after solidification is 50%, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform is 50%. In other embodiments of the present application, the volume fraction of the first molten iron in the composite material after solidification may be 30%, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform may be 70%; or the volume fraction of the solidified first molten iron in the composite material is 40 percent, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform is 60 percent; or the volume fraction of the solidified first molten iron in the composite material is 60 percent, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform is 40 percent.
The natural bulk density of the ceramic preform is 1.8-3.6 g/cm3The higher the content of the ceramic preform in the composite material, the lower the density of the composite material.
Alternatively, the base 100 is made of ductile iron or high manganese steel.
The hardness of the nodular cast iron and the high manganese steel is 200-300 HB, machining is easy, various complex shapes or mounting holes and mounting surfaces can be machined according to equipment requirements, and therefore the requirement for good assembly with other parts of equipment is met. High-chromium cast iron generally has hardness of over 58HRC, high hardness, difficult processing and high cost, so the design freedom of parts is limited.
Optionally, the ductile iron selected for use in the present application is QT400, QT450 or QT 500.
Optionally, the high manganese steel selected by the application has the mark of Mn13 or Mn 18.
The material distribution cone 10 is prepared by a sand casting method, and comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of wear-resistant body 200 parts
5-18 fan-shaped wear-resistant body 200 parts are obtained by molding by the preparation method of the composite material. In addition, in order to reduce the cost for manufacturing the mold, the shapes and the sizes of the plurality of wear-resistant body 200 parts are consistent, the wear-resistant body 200 parts can be molded by the same mold, and the manufactured wear-resistant body 200 parts can be suitable for distribution cones 10 with a plurality of sizes.
And then polishing the prepared wear-resistant body 200 part to remove oxide skin. And a plurality of wear-resistant body 200 parts are fixed using a frame to form a cone shape, as shown in fig. 3, and put into a box furnace for a preheating process.
The preheating treatment comprises preheating the fixed wear-resistant body 200 parts for 15-60 min at 700-900 ℃.
2. Preparing the second molten iron
And the prepared molten raw materials are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace according to the distribution requirement for smelting, and then the molten raw materials are discharged from the furnace and are subjected to spheroidization, inoculation and modification treatment in turn in a casting ladle.
The smelting temperature is 1450-1700 ℃.
When the molten raw material is nodular cast iron, the melting temperature is 1450-1520 ℃;
when the molten raw material is high manganese steel, the melting temperature is 1480-1600 ℃;
when the molten raw material is high-chromium cast iron, the melting temperature is 1500-1700 ℃.
3. Preparation of the Material-dividing Cone 10
Sand is accumulated in the box body to form a sand mold, and the bottom of the sand mold is built into the shape of the fixed wear-resistant body 200. And placing the preheated and fixed wear-resistant body 200 part at the bottom of a sand mold die, pouring the treated second molten iron into the sand mold die, cooling to 100-200 ℃ in air, and opening the box and cleaning the sand to obtain the distributing cone 10.
And carrying out heat treatment on the prepared material distribution cone 10, wherein the heat treatment comprises the steps of heating the material distribution cone 10 to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-5 min/DEG C, carrying out heat preservation for 2-4 h, then quenching to 300-350 ℃, embedding the material distribution cone 10 into sand, cooling to 100-150 ℃, then taking the material distribution cone 10 out of the sand, then putting the material distribution cone into a low-temperature furnace preheated to 100-150 ℃, heating to 250-300 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 min/DEG C, carrying out heat preservation for 2-4 h, and cooling to room temperature.
The composite material and the preparation method thereof, the material-separating cone and the preparation method thereof are further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of ceramic preforms
Mixing 100 parts by weight of ZTA ceramic particles, 4 parts by weight of inorganic high-temperature-resistant glue and 4 parts by weight of water glass by stirring to prepare a mixture, then placing the mixture into a ceramic preform mold, and finally placing the ceramic preform mold filled with the mixture into a muffle furnace to be sintered for 1 hour at 1000 ℃.
2. Preparation of composite Material
Pouring molten iron with the brand number of BTMCr15 into a mold, transferring a ceramic preform obtained after sintering into the mold within 10s for extrusion casting, wherein the pressure of the extrusion casting is 250MPa, maintaining the pressure for 60s, cooling to 150 ℃ after the extrusion casting is finished, then placing into a muffle furnace, heating to 260 ℃ and preserving heat for 3h, and finally air-cooling to room temperature.
The volume fraction of the high-chromium cast iron in the composite material prepared by the embodiment of the application is 50%, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform is 50%.
Example 2
The embodiment of the application provides a composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of ceramic preforms
Mixing 100 parts by weight of ZTA ceramic particles, 5 parts by weight of inorganic high temperature resistant glue and 5 parts by weight of water glass by stirring to obtain a mixture, then placing the mixture into a ceramic preform mold, and finally placing the ceramic preform mold filled with the mixture into a muffle furnace to be sintered for 10min at 700 ℃.
2. Preparation of composite Material
Pouring molten iron with the brand number of BTMCr20 into a mold, transferring a ceramic preform obtained after sintering into the mold within 10s for extrusion casting, wherein the pressure of the extrusion casting is 150MPa, maintaining the pressure for 90s, cooling to 100 ℃ after the extrusion casting is finished, then placing into a muffle furnace for heating to 180 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 4h, and finally air-cooling to room temperature.
The volume fraction of the high-chromium cast iron in the composite material prepared in the embodiment of the application is 30%, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform is 70%.
Example 3
The embodiment of the application provides a composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of ceramic preforms
Mixing 100 parts by weight of ZTA ceramic particles, 6 parts by weight of inorganic high-temperature-resistant glue and 6 parts by weight of water glass by stirring to obtain a mixture, then placing the mixture into a ceramic preform mold, and finally placing the ceramic preform mold filled with the mixture into a muffle furnace to sinter for 30min at 800 ℃.
2. Preparation of composite Material
Pouring Gr26 molten iron into a mold, transferring the sintered ceramic preform into the mold within 10s for extrusion casting under 200MPa for 120s, cooling to 150 ℃, heating to 350 ℃ in a muffle furnace, keeping the temperature for 2h, and air cooling to room temperature.
The volume fraction of the high-chromium cast iron in the composite material prepared by the embodiment of the application is 60%, and the volume fraction of the ceramic preform is 40%.
Example 4
The application provides a material distribution cone 10 and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of wear-resistant body 200 parts
9 fan-shaped parts of the wear resistant body 200 were obtained by moulding with the method of preparation of the composite material of example 1. The wear-resistant body 200 parts are uniform in shape and size. And then polishing the prepared wear-resistant body 200 part to remove oxide skin. And a plurality of wear-resistant body 200 parts were fixed using a frame to form a cone shape, and placed in a box furnace to be preheated at 800 c for 30 min.
2. Preparation of molten iron
The nodular cast iron with the mark of QT400 is put into a medium-frequency induction furnace according to the distribution requirement for smelting, and then the molten iron is discharged from the furnace and is sequentially spheroidized, inoculated and modified in a ladle.
3. Preparation of the Material-dividing Cone 10
Sand is accumulated in the box body to form a sand mold, and the bottom of the sand mold is built into the shape of the fixed wear-resistant body 200. And (3) placing the preheated and fixed wear-resistant body 200 part at the bottom of a sand mold die, pouring the treated molten iron into the sand mold die, cooling to 150 ℃, opening the box and cleaning to obtain the distributing cone 10.
And carrying out heat treatment on the prepared material distribution cone 10, wherein the heat treatment comprises the steps of heating the material distribution cone 10 to 980 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 min/DEG C, preserving heat for 2h, then quenching to 350 ℃, burying the material distribution cone 10 in sand, cooling to 150 ℃, then taking the material distribution cone 10 out of the sand, then putting the material distribution cone into a low-temperature furnace preheated to 150 ℃, heating to 260 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 min/DEG C, preserving heat for 4h, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 5
The application provides a material distribution cone 10 and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of wear-resistant body 200 parts
9 fan-shaped parts of the wear resistant body 200 were obtained by moulding with the method of preparation of the composite material of example 1. The wear-resistant body 200 parts are uniform in shape and size. And then polishing the prepared wear-resistant body 200 part to remove oxide skin. And a plurality of wear-resistant body 200 parts are fixed by using a frame to form a cone shape, and placed in a box furnace to be preheated at 700 ℃ for 60 min.
2. Preparation of molten iron
The nodular cast iron with the mark of QT450 is put into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting according to the distribution requirement, and then the molten iron is discharged from the furnace and is sequentially spheroidized, inoculated and modified in a ladle.
3. Preparation of the Material-dividing Cone 10
Sand is accumulated in the box body to form a sand mold, and the bottom of the sand mold is built into the shape of the fixed wear-resistant body 200. And (3) placing the preheated and fixed wear-resistant body 200 part at the bottom of a sand mold die, pouring the treated molten iron into the sand mold die, cooling to 100 ℃ in air, opening the box and cleaning the sand to obtain the distributing cone 10.
And carrying out heat treatment on the prepared material distribution cone 10, wherein the heat treatment comprises the steps of heating the material distribution cone 10 to 950 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 min/DEG C, preserving heat for 4h, then quenching to 300 ℃, burying the material distribution cone 10 in sand, cooling to 10 ℃, taking the material distribution cone 10 out of the sand, then putting the material distribution cone into a low-temperature furnace preheated to 100 ℃, heating to 250 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 min/DEG C, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 6
The application provides a material distribution cone 10 and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of wear-resistant body 200 parts
9 fan-shaped parts of the wear resistant body 200 were obtained by moulding with the method of preparation of the composite material of example 1. The wear-resistant body 200 parts are uniform in shape and size. And then polishing the prepared wear-resistant body 200 part to remove oxide skin. And a plurality of wear-resistant body 200 parts were fixed using a frame to form a cone shape, and placed in a box furnace to be preheated at 900 c for 15 min.
2. Preparation of molten iron
The high manganese steel with the mark of Mn13 is put into a medium frequency induction furnace for smelting according to the material distribution requirement, and then the high manganese steel is discharged from the furnace and molten iron is sequentially spheroidized, inoculated and modified in a ladle.
3. Preparation of the Material-dividing Cone 10
Sand is accumulated in the box body to form a sand mold, and the bottom of the sand mold is built into the shape of the fixed wear-resistant body 200. And (3) placing the preheated and fixed wear-resistant body 200 part at the bottom of a sand mold die, then pouring the treated molten iron into the sand mold die, and after air cooling to 200 ℃, opening the box and cleaning the sand to obtain the distributing cone 10.
And carrying out heat treatment on the prepared material distribution cone 10, wherein the heat treatment comprises the steps of heating the material distribution cone 10 to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 min/DEG C, preserving heat for 3h, then quenching to 320 ℃, burying the material distribution cone 10 in sand, cooling to 150 ℃, then taking the material distribution cone 10 out of the sand, then putting the material distribution cone into a low-temperature furnace preheated to 150 ℃, heating to 300 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 min/DEG C, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a corresponding sand mold according to the shape of the material distribution cone part, directly pouring high-chromium cast iron molten iron (made of BTMCr 26), and then cleaning sand to carry out quenching and tempering heat treatment. Obtaining the high-chromium cast iron material distribution cone.
Test example 1
The composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 were measured for density by the archimedes drainage method and hardness by the rockwell hardness tester, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 parameters of the composites of examples 1-3
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Density g/cm3 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.7 |
| Hardness HV of ceramics | 1400～1600 | 1400～1600 | 1400～1600 |
| High chromium cast iron metal matrix hardness HRC | 58～60 | 58～60 | 58～60 |
Test example 2
The distribution cones of example 5 and comparative example 1 were each mounted in a vertical shaft crusher and tested for service life under hard granite conditions, as shown in table 2.
Table 2 service life of the distributor cones of example 5 and comparative example 1
| Item | Example 5 | Comparative example 1 |
| Service life (h) | 501 | 150 |
In summary, the composite material provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of good toughness, high part qualification rate and difficulty in cracking during transportation. The ductile iron or the high manganese steel has the elongation after fracture of more than 10 percent and high impact toughness. The material dividing cone 10 is prepared by pouring and bonding the wear-resistant body 200 by using the metal material, and the defect of insufficient impact toughness of the composite material or high-chromium cast iron can be well overcome.
Meanwhile, the wear-resistant body 200 made of the composite material is simple in structure and low in mold cost, and can be quickly, simply and massively copied. The ceramic prefabricated volume in the composite material accounts for 40-70%, the other parts are high-chromium cast iron, the ceramic consumption is low, and the raw material cost is low. When the base 100 is manufactured, nodular cast iron or high manganese steel with lower cost is used for bonding. As the wear-resistant body 200 is a basic structural unit, the advantage of structural optimization can be fully exerted, and the wear-resistant body 200 is placed at the position needing wear resistance most according to splicing of actual working condition requirements. Has great cost advantage compared with the hard alloy column.
In addition, the service life of the common high-chromium cast iron is generally 200 hours under the working condition of hard granite, and then the machine needs to be stopped, disassembled and replaced. The material dividing cone 10 made of the composite material has the advantage that the wear life is more than 3 times that of the original high-chromium cast iron material due to the fact that the thickness of the wear-resistant body 200 is deep and adjustable. Compared with the original surfacing material, the wear-resistant layer is limited in thickness due to the surfacing process, the surfacing material is easy to crack and fall off from the base 100, and the wear life is limited compared with the original high-chromium cast iron. And the parts are disassembled from the running equipment for surfacing, so that the production time is occupied, and the production efficiency is seriously influenced.
Because the volume ratio of the wear-resistant body to the ceramic preform is 200 percent, the density of the ceramic preform is only 1.8-3.6 g/cm3And the middle part of the material dividing cone 10 is provided with the wear-resistant body 200, the proportion of the nodular cast iron is small, and the material dividing cone only plays a role in adhering and supporting the wear-resistant body 200, so that the weight of the parts of the material dividing cone 10 can be reduced by more than 10 percent compared with the original high-chromium cast iron comprehensively. The motor has good part lightweight effect, and can reduce the power output of the motor and the bearing loss.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, as numerous modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a branch material awl which characterized in that, branch material awl includes:
the base is provided with an annular material distribution surface, and a plurality of embedded grooves arranged around the center of the material distribution surface are formed in the material distribution surface;
and the plurality of wear-resistant bodies are embedded in the embedding grooves.
2. The dispensing cone of claim 1, wherein the wear resistant body protrudes from the dispensing face.
3. The material distribution cone of claim 1, wherein the wear resistant body is 3-7 mm above the material distribution surface.
4. The dispensing cone of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said wear bodies are identical in shape and size.
5. The dispensing cone of claim 1 wherein one of said wear bodies is disposed within each of said pockets.
6. The material distribution cone according to claim 5, wherein a groove is formed between any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies, and the width of the groove is 10-30 mm.
7. The material distribution cone according to claim 6, wherein the upper surface of the wear-resistant bodies is trapezoidal, and two adjacent waist lines of any two adjacent wear-resistant bodies are parallel.
8. The material distribution cone according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein 5 to 18 embedding grooves are formed in the material distribution surface.
9. The material distribution cone according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein 9 embedding grooves are formed in the material distribution surface.
10. The material distribution cone according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the base is made of nodular cast iron or high manganese steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023351124.4U CN214416618U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Material separating cone |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023351124.4U CN214416618U (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Material separating cone |
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