CN214389542U - Wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure - Google Patents
Wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN214389542U CN214389542U CN202023112446.3U CN202023112446U CN214389542U CN 214389542 U CN214389542 U CN 214389542U CN 202023112446 U CN202023112446 U CN 202023112446U CN 214389542 U CN214389542 U CN 214389542U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure, the confession hydrogen unit is piled through high temperature electrolytic cell and is provided the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure under the room temperature, catch water and confession hydrogen unit connection are in order to provide the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure saturation, freeze drier is connected through pressure controller and catch water and carries out freeze drying with the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure saturation and provide the anhydrous hydrogen of extremely low pressure, one-level compressor is connected with freeze drier and carries out the one-level compression with the anhydrous hydrogen of extremely low pressure and provide the anhydrous hydrogen of low pressure, adsorption drier is connected with one-level compressor and carries out adsorption drying with the anhydrous hydrogen of low pressure and provide the anhydrous hydrogen of low pressure, second-level compressor is connected with adsorption drier and carries out the anhydrous hydrogen of medium pressure with the anhydrous hydrogen of low pressure and provides the anhydrous hydrogen, third compressor is connected with the anhydrous hydrogen of medium pressure and carries out tertiary compression and provides high-pressure hydrogen. The utility model discloses a wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure, the high-efficient compression drying of the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure is realized to the synergism.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hydrogen pressurization drying system, more specifically relate to a wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure.
Background
The hydrogen is a high-efficiency and clean secondary energy, has the characteristics of zero carbon and pollution, large energy density, wide source, storage and the like, and is expected to become a main terminal energy consumption body in China. However, the existing hydrogen acquisition methods such as natural gas reforming, coal-to-water gas and the like generally need to consume fossil raw materials, emit a large amount of carbon dioxide, do not meet the requirements of green energy, and cannot change the dependence on the fossil energy and realize the emission reduction of greenhouse gases. Thus, only the complete production of hydrogen by the cracking of water can a clean energy cycle be formed without carbon dioxide emissions.
In the water Electrolysis hydrogen production process, the high-temperature Electrolysis hydrogen production by using a Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) is the highest hydrogen production method at present. Compared with the hydrogen production by the commercial Alkaline Electrolytic Cell (AEC) and the Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolytic Cell (PEMEC), the hydrogen production by the solid oxide electrolysis has the following advantages: directly electrolyzing water vapor to obtain high-purity hydrogen; the electrolytic potential is reduced, the dynamics is improved, and the hydrogen production efficiency is higher than that of alkaline electrolysis and proton exchange membrane electrolysis technologies; by using a modular technology, the method can be expanded in a large scale so as to meet the requirements of different users; and low-valence metals such as La-Mn-O and the like are used as catalysts, YSZ is used as electrolyte, and the cost of the electrolytic cell is low (precious metals such as Pt and the like are used as catalysts and expensive Nafion is used as a diaphragm in the electrolytic hydrogen production technologies such as PEM and the like).
The solid oxide electrolytic cell is the core reactor in the High Temperature electrolytic hydrogen production (HTSE) technology. The cathode is mainly of a flat plate type structure and is composed of a multilayer composite membrane based on all ceramic materials, and the multilayer composite membrane comprises a compact electrolyte, a metal ceramic porous hydrogen electrode cathode and an oxygen electrode anode. Applying a certain DC voltage on the electrodes at both sides of the electrolytic cell, and decomposing water vapor at high temperature (500-2And O2-，O2-Reaches the oxygen electrode through the compact solid oxide electrolyte layer, loses electrons at the oxygen electrode to obtain O2The overall chemical reaction is as follows: h2O (g) + Electrical energy → H2(g)+1/2O2(g) In that respect The electrolytic cell stack is formed by assembling a plurality of single battery pieces, and a complete electric stack is provided with a binding post, an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet. The solid oxide electrolytic cell stack is of a very thin ceramic structure, and in order to ensure the normal operation of the stack, the air inlet pressure difference of two electrode sides of the stack cannot exceed 5000 Pa, so the outlet pressure of high-temperature electrolytic water vapor is generally near normal pressure, and the cooled hydrogen contains saturated water vapor, which cannot meet the requirement of a normal hydrogen user end on high-pressure dry high-purity hydrogen.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem that the SOEC among the above-mentioned prior art can't satisfy the requirement of the dry high-purity hydrogen of needs high pressure of normal hydrogen user end, the utility model provides a wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure.
According to the utility model discloses a wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure, it includes the hydrogen supply unit, catch water, pressure controller, purification drying unit and compression unit, wherein, purification drying unit includes freeze drier and adsorption drier, the compression unit includes primary compressor and secondary compressor, the hydrogen supply unit provides the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure under the room temperature through high temperature electrolytic cell heap, catch water is connected with the hydrogen supply unit and provides the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure with the liquid water that separates in the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure, freeze drier is connected with catch water through pressure controller and is provided the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure with freeze drying to the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure, primary compressor is connected with freeze drier and is provided the aqueous hydrogen of low pressure with carrying out the primary compression to the aqueous hydrogen of extremely low pressure, adsorption drier is connected with primary compressor and is provided the low pressure with the aqueous hydrogen of low pressure with adsorption drying, the secondary compressor is connected to the adsorption dryer to compress the low pressure anhydrous hydrogen.
Preferably, the pressure controller is a pre-valve pressure controller.
Preferably, the ultra-low pressure wet hydrogen pressure drying system further comprises a buffer unit, the buffer unit comprises a first buffer tank, and the pressure controller is connected with the steam-water separator through the first buffer tank.
Preferably, the buffer unit further comprises a second buffer tank, a third buffer tank and a fourth buffer tank, the primary compressor is connected with the freeze dryer through the second buffer tank, the adsorption dryer is connected with the primary compressor through the third buffer tank, and the secondary compressor is connected with the adsorption dryer through the fourth buffer tank.
Preferably, the very low pressure wet hydrogen pressure drying system further comprises a control unit connected to the pressure controller.
Preferably, a first pressure sensor connected with the control unit is installed above the first buffer tank, a second pressure sensor connected with the control unit is installed on the second buffer tank, a third pressure sensor connected with the control unit is installed on the third buffer tank, and a fourth pressure sensor connected with the control unit is installed on the fourth buffer tank.
Preferably, the compression unit further comprises a three-stage compressor, the two-stage compressor providing medium pressure anhydrous hydrogen, the three-stage compressor being connected to the two-stage compressor for three-stage compression of the medium pressure anhydrous hydrogen to provide high pressure anhydrous hydrogen.
Preferably, the compression ratio of the primary compressor, the secondary compressor and/or the tertiary compressor is 5-10, respectively.
Preferably, the pressure of the very low pressure wet hydrogen is between 0.05bar and 0.2bar gauge.
Preferably, all hydrogen-related components and pipelines of the extremely low pressure wet hydrogen pressurization drying system are subjected to hydrogen explosion-proof treatment.
According to the utility model discloses a wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure, through the synergism of chain hydrogen supply unit, catch water, purification drying unit and compression unit, to the characteristics of extremely low pressure, chooseed for use suitable gas drying form and pressurization mode, realize the high-efficient compression drying of the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure, especially, realize through pressure controller that the pressure boost of extremely low pressure guarantees that front end hydrogen source is not taken out into the negative pressure at the rear end to avoid influencing the normal work of high temperature electrolytic cell heap. Moreover, according to the utility model discloses a wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure realizes the automation of compression through the control unit, and the practicality is strong, can be by wide application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a very low pressure wet hydrogen pressure drying system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the extremely low pressure wet hydrogen pressure drying system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrogen supply unit 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, a steam-water separator 2, a buffer unit 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, a pressure controller 4, a purification and drying unit 51, 52, a compression unit 61, 62, 63 and a control unit 7, wherein the hydrogen supply unit 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 provides the extremely low pressure wet hydrogen at room temperature through a high temperature electrolytic cell Stack (SOEC)12, the steam-water separator 2 is connected with the hydrogen supply unit 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 to separate liquid water in the extremely low pressure wet hydrogen to provide the extremely low pressure saturated wet hydrogen, and the buffer unit 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 includes a first buffer tank 31, a second buffer tank 32, a third buffer tank 33, a fourth buffer tank 34, a fifth buffer tank 35 and a sixth buffer tank 36, the purification and drying unit 51, the 52 includes a freeze dryer 51 and an adsorption dryer 52, the compression unit 61, 62, 63 includes a primary compressor 61, a secondary compressor 62 and a tertiary compressor 63, wherein the freeze dryer 51 is connected with the steam-water separator 2 through the pressure controller 4 and the first buffer tank 31 to freeze-dry the saturated wet hydrogen at the extremely low pressure to provide the hydrous hydrogen at the extremely low pressure, the primary compressor 61 is connected with the freeze dryer 51 through the second buffer tank 32 to provide the hydrous hydrogen at the low pressure through the primary compression of the hydrous hydrogen at the extremely low pressure, the adsorption dryer 52 is connected with the primary compressor 61 through the third buffer tank 33 to provide the anhydrous hydrogen at the low pressure through the adsorption drying of the hydrous hydrogen at the low pressure, the secondary compressor 62 is connected with the adsorption dryer 52 through the fourth buffer tank 34 to provide the anhydrous hydrogen at the medium pressure through the secondary compression of the anhydrous hydrogen at the low pressure, and the tertiary compressor 63 is connected with the secondary compressor 62 through the fifth buffer tank 35 to provide the anhydrous hydrogen at the high pressure through the tertiary compression of the anhydrous hydrogen at the intermediate pressure to provide the anhydrous hydrogen at the anhydrous hydrogen at the high pressure Hydrogen, a user side (use terminal) is connected with the three-stage compressor 63 through the sixth buffer tank 36 to utilize the high-pressure anhydrous hydrogen, wherein the control unit 7 is used for pressure control and temperature control of the whole ultra-low pressure wet hydrogen pressurization drying system to realize automation of the whole system.
In the hydrogen supply units 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, the mixed gas of hydrogen and a small amount of water vapor is generated after the water vapor is electrolyzed at high temperature, the solid oxide electrolysis reaction temperature is about 600-. Specifically, on the one hand, the raw material gas 11 enters the heat exchanger 14 as a low-temperature stage gas, and on the other hand, a mixed gas of hydrogen and steam generated by electrolyzing water steam by the high-temperature electrolytic cell stack 12 enters the heat exchanger 14 as a high-temperature stage gas, and the two gases exchange heat. The high-temperature electrolytic cell stack 12 is formed by assembling a plurality of single cell sheets, the cell sheets are sealed by glass cement, direct current is introduced, and high-temperature steam is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen which are respectively discharged from two outlets of the electric stack. Because the pressure-resistant range of the glass cement is limited, the pressure-resistant range of the high-temperature electrolytic cell stack 12 is usually about 0.2atm, and the gas temperature can be reduced to the room temperature after passing through the heat exchanger 14 and the cooler 15, so that a source of the extremely low-pressure wet hydrogen is formed. As for the heat exchanger 14, a plate heat exchanger is preferred in view of the large temperature difference and the low pressure of the two gases. Meanwhile, the plate heat exchanger has high heat transfer coefficient and compact structure, and is more beneficial to system integration. Because the high-temperature section gas is up to 650 ℃, and one path of gas is hydrogen-water mixed gas, the material is designed into an Inconel material, and can meet the requirements of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. And the low-temperature section can be made of 316 stainless steel, so that the cost is reduced while the requirement is met. The front end of the heat exchanger 14 is also provided with a heater 13 for further heating the hot raw material gas 11 after heat exchange, and the heated gas is 650 ℃ and hydrogen-water mixed gas, so the material is designed to be an Inconel material and can meet the requirements of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. The heater 13 is externally made of ceramic fiber for heat insulation. In addition, in order to ensure the use safety of the electric appliance, an explosion-proof function is designed, and potential safety hazards are avoided as much as possible. The water used for cooling the hydrogen gas in the cooler 15 is chilled water, and water is supplied using a refrigerator, which is an explosion-proof water chiller in consideration of explosion-proof of the hydrogen gas.
The cooler 15 is directly connected to the steam-water separator 2 through a pipe. The steam-water separator 2 comprises a storage tank, wherein the upper end of the storage tank is provided with a condensation filler, the lower end of the storage tank is provided with a liquid outlet, and after the wet hydrogen with extremely low pressure enters the storage tank, the condensation filler is used for further cooling gaseous water and discharging liquid water through the liquid outlet, so that the effective separation of the liquid water and the hydrogen is realized, and the wet hydrogen with extremely low pressure saturation is obtained. The steam-water separator 2 can also comprise a liquid level meter connected with the control unit 7, which can be a magnetic turning plate liquid level meter or other liquid level meters, and has the functions of smoothly discharging liquid water out of the storage tank and ensuring that gas does not need to be discharged. Catch water 2 is still including setting up the baffle in the inside top of storage tank, and gaseous state water can condense into liquid water after meetting the top baffle, along with storage tank below leakage fluid dram discharge, and the baffle here requires the pressure drag little, as long as can cool off gaseous state water can, prevent that extremely low pressure hydrogen from further reducing pressure.
The steam-water separator 2 is connected with the first buffer tank 31 through a pipeline, so that the extremely low pressure saturated wet hydrogen enters the first buffer tank 31 with a drain valve arranged below. In particular, after entering the first buffer tank 31, the saturated wet hydrogen with extremely low pressure can further remove a small amount of gaseous water along the inner metal wall of the first buffer tank 31, and the liquid water is discharged through a drain valve. A relief valve and pressure sensor P0 is mounted above the first buffer tank 31 and connected to the control system 7 to transmit signals to the control system 7.
The first buffer tank 31 is connected with the pressure controller 4 through a pipeline, the pressure controller 4 is a pre-valve pressure controller for controlling the gas pressure of the first buffer tank 31, the control of the gas pressure in the first buffer tank 31 is realized by controlling the pre-valve pressure, and the negative pressure is prevented from being pumped in the first buffer tank 31 in the hydrogen compression process. When it is detected that the pressure in the first buffer tank 31 is too low, the pressure controller 4 automatically adjusts the opening of the internal needle valve to prevent excessive evacuation of hydrogen, thereby stabilizing the pressure of hydrogen in the first buffer tank 31. The first buffer tank 31 is made of 316L stainless steel, and is corrosion-resistant and rustless.
The pressure controller 4 is connected with the freeze dryer 51 through a pipeline to further remove water from the saturated wet hydrogen with extremely low pressure to obtain the hydrous hydrogen with extremely low pressure, so that the dew point of the hydrogen is reduced to 5-10 ℃. The outlet pipes of the freeze dryer 51 are all subjected to heat preservation treatment to prevent condensed water from being separated out from the outer wall of the pipes. The fan and control system used by the freeze dryer 51 are all explosion-proof series, and the explosion-proof grade is greater than CT 4. The freeze dryer 51 is internally provided with an automatic drain valve and a drain pipe through which the frozen liquid water is discharged. In particular, considering that the pressure range suitable for the adsorption dryer is above 2 kg gauge pressure, and the hydrogen pressure of the saturated wet hydrogen with extremely low pressure is only about 0.2bar gauge pressure, the adsorption dryer is not suitable for the adsorption dryer filled with molecular sieve, but a freezing type hydrogen dryer is selected to reduce the pressure drop of the gas in the drying process. The freeze dryer 51 considers the requirement of hydrogen explosion prevention, and an explosion-proof fan and a control device are specially added.
The primary compressor 61 is connected to the freeze dryer 51 through the second buffer tank 32 to pressurize the very low pressure aqueous hydrogen of about 0.2bar gauge pressure to 5 to 10atm to obtain low pressure aqueous hydrogen. The second buffer tank 32 is provided with a pressure sensor P1, and the pressure sensor P1 is connected with the control system 7 to transmit signals to the control system 7. The second buffer tank 32 is made of 316L stainless steel, and is corrosion-resistant and rustless.
The adsorption dryer 52 is connected to the primary compressor 61 through the third buffer tank 33 to dry the low-pressure aqueous hydrogen to obtain low-pressure anhydrous hydrogen. The third buffer tank 33 is provided with a pressure sensor P2, and the pressure sensor P2 is connected with the control system 7 to transmit signals to the control system 7. The third buffer tank 33 is made of 316L stainless steel, and is corrosion-resistant and rustless. It should be understood that the adsorption dryer 52 here performs deep water removal after the hydrogen gas has been brought to pressure by the primary compressor 61.
The secondary compressor 62 is connected to the adsorption dryer 52 through the fourth buffer tank 34 to pressurize the low-pressure anhydrous hydrogen to obtain medium-pressure anhydrous hydrogen. The fourth buffer tank 34 is provided with a pressure sensor P3, and the pressure sensor P3 is connected with the control system 7 to transmit signals to the control system 7. The fourth buffer tank 34 is made of 316L stainless steel, and is corrosion-resistant and rustless.
The third-stage compressor 63 is connected to the second-stage compressor 62 through the fifth buffer tank 35 to pressurize the medium-pressure anhydrous hydrogen to obtain high-pressure anhydrous hydrogen. The fifth buffer tank 35 is provided with a pressure sensor P4, and the pressure sensor P4 is connected with the control system 7 to transmit signals to the control system 7. The fifth buffer tank 35 is made of 316L stainless steel, and is corrosion-resistant and rustless.
The user terminal is connected with the third-stage compressor 63 through the sixth buffer tank 36, so that the high-purity high-pressure hydrogen is supplied to the user terminal, and the requirement of the normal hydrogen user terminal for high-pressure dry high-purity hydrogen is met. The sixth buffer tank 36 is provided with a pressure sensor P5, and the pressure sensor P5 is connected with the control system 7 to transmit signals to the control system 7. The sixth buffer tank 36 is made of 316L stainless steel, and is corrosion-resistant and rustless.
Through pressure signals collected by pressure sensors P0, P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5, the control system 7 automatically controls the starting and stopping of the compressors 61, 62 and 63 to realize the pressurization of hydrogen, and finally the pressure can reach over 45MPa and the dew point of hydrogen is below-70 ℃.
It will be appreciated that the very low pressure wet hydrogen pressure is 0.05bar to 0.2bar gauge with a compression ratio of about 5 to 10 per stage, too high resulting in a high outlet hydrogen temperature because the hydrogen compression is exothermic. Thus if an exit pressure of 35MPa or more is required (a hydrogen pressure of at least 35MPa for the hydroprocessing station), at least three to four stages of compression are required.
What has been described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not for limiting the scope of the present invention, but various changes can be made to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention. All the simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the content of the specification of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The present invention is not described in detail in the conventional technical content.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure drying system that pressurizes, characterized in that, this wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure drying system that pressurizes includes the hydrogen supply unit, catch water, pressure controller, purification drying unit and compression unit, wherein, purification drying unit includes freeze drier and adsorption drier, the compression unit includes primary compressor and secondary compressor, the hydrogen supply unit provides the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure under the room temperature through high temperature electrolytic cell heap, catch water separator and hydrogen supply unit are connected in order to separate the liquid water in the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure and provide the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure saturation, freeze drier is connected through pressure controller and catch water to carry out freeze drying to the wet hydrogen of extremely low pressure saturation and provide the aqueous hydrogen of extremely low pressure, primary compressor and freeze drier are connected in order to carry out the primary compression to the aqueous hydrogen of extremely low pressure and provide the aqueous hydrogen of low pressure, adsorption drier is connected with primary compressor and is in order to carry out the adsorption drying to the aqueous hydrogen of low pressure and provide anhydrous hydrogen The secondary compressor is connected with the adsorption dryer to compress the low-pressure anhydrous hydrogen.
2. The very low pressure wet hydrogen pressurized drying system of claim 1, wherein the pressure controller is a pre-valve pressure controller.
3. The very low pressure wet hydrogen pressure drying system of claim 1, further comprising a buffer unit, the buffer unit comprising a first buffer tank, the pressure controller connected to the steam-water separator through the first buffer tank.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the buffer unit further comprises a second buffer tank, a third buffer tank, and a fourth buffer tank, the primary compressor is connected to the freeze dryer through the second buffer tank, the adsorption dryer is connected to the primary compressor through the third buffer tank, and the secondary compressor is connected to the adsorption dryer through the fourth buffer tank.
5. The very low pressure wet hydrogen pressure drying system of claim 4, further comprising a control unit connected to the pressure controller.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein a first pressure sensor is mounted above the first buffer tank and connected to the control unit, a second pressure sensor is mounted above the second buffer tank and connected to the control unit, a third pressure sensor is mounted above the third buffer tank and connected to the control unit, and a fourth pressure sensor is mounted above the fourth buffer tank and connected to the control unit.
7. The very low pressure wet hydrogen boost drying system of claim 1, wherein the compression unit further comprises a three stage compressor, the two stage compressor providing medium pressure anhydrous hydrogen, the three stage compressor being connected to the two stage compressor for three stage compression of the medium pressure anhydrous hydrogen to provide high pressure anhydrous hydrogen.
8. The very low pressure wet hydrogen boost drying system of claim 7, wherein the compression ratio of the primary compressor, the secondary compressor and/or the tertiary compressor is 5-10, respectively.
9. The very low pressure wet hydrogen pressure drying system of claim 1, wherein the very low pressure wet hydrogen has a pressure of 0.05bar to 0.2bar gauge.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein all hydrogen-related components and piping of the system are hydrogen explosion-proof.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202023112446.3U CN214389542U (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure |
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| CN202023112446.3U CN214389542U (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Wet hydrogen pressurization drying system of extremely low pressure |
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| CN214389542U true CN214389542U (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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