CN214366070U - Inner and outer cutter heads based on pulse ice jet flow and point treatment and rock breaking TBM device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an inside and outside blade disc based on pulse ice efflux + point is handled. The ice shaving cutter comprises a cutter head main body, a mechanical hob structure, a high-pressure ice particle generating system and a mixed jet flow spraying device; the high-pressure ice particle generating system is connected with the mixed jet flow spraying device; the cutter head main body is of an upper cutter head and a lower cutter head spatial layered structure; the cutter head main body is provided with a radial plate; the mixed jet injection device is arranged on the cutter head main body; the mechanical hob structure is arranged on the web. The utility model has the advantages of guarantee that ice grain size, the hardness of output all satisfy the operation requirement, broken rock efficiency is higher, and broken rock effect is better, and the wear rate is less. The utility model also discloses an iced power-mechanical rock-breaking TBM device that unites.

Description

Inner and outer cutter heads based on pulse ice jet flow and point treatment and rock breaking TBM device thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tunnel and underground works field, in particular to complicated geological conditions TBM tunnel construction field, the more specifically inside and outside blade disc that says so it is based on pulse ice efflux + point is handled. The utility model discloses still relate to the broken rock TBM device based on pulse ice efflux + some are handled, more specifically say that it is based on pulse ice efflux + some are handled jointly broken rock TBM device.

Background

The abrasive water jet process is characterized in that abrasive substances such as garnet and carborundum are added into pure water jet, the impact force of the abrasive water jet is greatly improved compared with that of high-pressure pure water jet, and the abrasive water jet process is widely applied to the fields of cleaning, cutting, machining, casing windowing and the like. In recent years, high-pressure abrasive water jet is rapidly developed in the field of rock breaking, particularly in the aspect of tunneling, the rock breaking technology of combining the high-pressure abrasive water jet with a TBM hob breaks through the bottleneck of the rock breaking efficiency of the traditional TBM, the process method is improved, and the rock breaking efficiency of tunneling is greatly improved. However, when the high-pressure abrasive water jet cuts the rock, although the abrasive particles participating in rock breaking are beneficial to improving the rock breaking depth, the abrasive particles can not be recovered after cutting the rock body, and the applicability of excessive water in the high-pressure abrasive water jet to drought and water-deficient areas is poor; meanwhile, although most of heat can be taken away by water in the abrasive jet flow process, the temperature is increased due to the heat generated on the surface of the rock by the hammering action of the jet flow, and the effective reduction still cannot be achieved; with the increasing requirements of green construction and safe construction, a jet flow process with greener abrasive and less water needs to be researched urgently.

The ice particle jet flow process can replace the traditional abrasive jet flow to a certain extent, but the mohs hardness of the ice particles is lower and is only between 2 and 4, and the difference of the mohs hardness of the ice particles and the mohs hardness of the traditional garnet abrasive is far from 6 to 8, so that the rock breaking effect is greatly reduced.

The Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) has the excellent characteristics of safety, environmental protection, high efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to a plurality of tunnel construction projects such as hydraulic tunnels, mine roadways, traffic tunnels, pipeline national defense and the like. However, the development of the TBM has been to date, and from the conventional walking type, mechanical type, chest closing type and the existing intelligent control integrated TBM equipment, the rock breaking mode of the mechanical hob rolling and breaking the rock is not fundamentally changed, and the improvement of the rock breaking efficiency of the TBM is also restricted.

The high-pressure water jet drilling technology is a mature technology researched in recent years, is applied to the field of rock breaking of TBM cutterheads, is an important innovation for the development of the TBM technology, and can realize great progress in the aspects of mechanical abrasion, working environment improvement of a working surface and the like by combining high-pressure water jet with a mechanical hob rock breaking method. However, the arrangement mode of the high-pressure water jet on the TBM cutterhead is single, and the rock breaking effect is not good.

Therefore, development of a rock breaking TBM cutter head with high ice particle hardness and good rock breaking effect is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses a first purpose is in order to provide an iced power-mechanical rock breaking TBM blade disc jointly, the TBM blade disc sets up to upper and lower blade disc space layered structure and arranges, have mixed efflux injection apparatus on the ice efflux blade disc for some rock breaking apparatus, high-pressure ice efflux is spouted from the efflux export of mixed efflux injection apparatus, directional impact to the rock surface, form the hole that has certain degree of depth, the impact action of high-pressure ice efflux can make a series of crazing cracks appear around the hole to break simultaneously, improve the breakage of rock, the broken effect improves rock breaking efficiency; the utility model discloses a high pressure ice particle generating system forms and carries the ice particle, sieves the ice particle that size and hardness are not up to standard, guarantees the uniformity of ice particle size, hardness through ice particle pipeline output, guarantees that the ice particle size of output, hardness all satisfy the operation requirement, improve mixed jet injection apparatus's broken rock effect.

The second purpose of the utility model is to provide a combined rock-breaking TBM device based on pulse ice jet flow and point processing, which is a combined rock-breaking mode coordinating high-pressure ice jet flow directional drilling and mechanical hob rock-breaking; the utility model utilizes the space layering arrangement of the mechanical hob and the mixed jet injection device on different cutter heads, improves the injection pressure of the high-pressure ice jet and promotes the cutting and crushing depth of the ice jet on the surface of the rock mass; the utility model adopts the combined rock breaking form of ice jet pulse punching point processing and mechanical hob rolling and crushing to innovate the combined rock breaking form, which is beneficial to improving the adaptability of TBM to tunnel driving engineering under different geological environments and promotes the innovation breakthrough in the rock tunnel driving field in China; mix efflux injection apparatus form low temperature impact stress district on the rock mass surface, strike and do a job and the fragility that low temperature stress field can increase the rock mass, be favorable to the breakage of rock mass, the produced heat of abrasive impact can be taken away to the ice grain when melting simultaneously, very big improvement the operating mode environment of tunnel tunnelling construction operation to reduce the water consumption.

In order to realize the above, the utility model discloses a first purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is: the utility model provides an inside and outside blade disc based on pulse ice efflux + point is handled which characterized in that: the ice particle mixing and jetting device comprises a cutter head main body, a mechanical hob structure, a high-pressure ice particle generating system and a mixed jet flow jetting device; the high-pressure ice particle generating system is connected with the mixed jet flow spraying device; the cutter head main body is of an upper cutter head and a lower cutter head spatial layered structure; the cutter head main body is provided with a radial plate; the mixed jet injection device is arranged on the cutter head main body; the mechanical hob structure is arranged on the web.

In the technical scheme, the cutter head main body comprises a mechanical cutter head and an ice jet cutter head; the mechanical cutter head is arranged on the outer side of the ice jet cutter head in parallel.

In the technical scheme, the mechanical cutter head is of a spoke plate type structure; and a spoke plate gap is formed between every two adjacent spoke plates.

In the technical scheme, a plurality of mechanical hob structures are arranged on the web plate at intervals; the plurality of mixed jet injection devices are arranged on the ice jet cutter head at intervals; the mechanical hob structure and the mixed jet injection device are circumferentially arranged; in the circumferential direction, the mixed jet injection device is positioned between two adjacent mechanical hob structures.

In the technical scheme, the high-pressure ice particle generating system comprises a spraying device, a cavity structure and a screening device; one end of the cavity structure is provided with an injection device, and the other end of the cavity structure is provided with a screening device.

In the technical scheme, the cavity structure comprises a rotary accelerated mixing device, a conveying pipe, a condensation strengthening cavity, a centrifugal device and an ice particle pipeline from left to right; the rotary accelerated mixing device, the conveying pipe, the condensation strengthening cavity, the centrifugal device and the ice particle pipeline are communicated in sequence; the spraying device comprises the cold water atomizing device, an air flow spraying device, a liquid nitrogen spraying device and the cold rotational flow spraying device from left to right; the cold water atomization device and the airflow injection device are both arranged at the inlet end of the rotary accelerating mixing device; the liquid nitrogen injection device is arranged on the side wall of the rotary accelerated mixing device; the cold rotational flow injection device is arranged at the inlet end of the condensation strengthening cavity; the screening device is arranged at the outlet end of the centrifugal device; the screening device is communicated with the centrifugal device.

In the technical scheme, the screening device comprises a coarse ice particle discharge pipe and a Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device; the coarse ice particle discharge pipe is arranged at the periphery of the outlet end of the centrifugal device; the Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device is arranged on the coarse ice particle discharge pipe; the condensation strengthening cavity and the centrifugal device form a modular assembly; a module reserved installation interface is arranged on the ice particle pipeline; the modularized assembly is connected with the module reserved installation interface.

In the above technical solution, the rotational acceleration mixing device includes an ice making chamber, a mixing structure inner wall and a mixing structure outer wall; the inner wall of the mixing structure is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the mixing structure; the ice making cavity is wrapped in the inner wall of the mixing structure.

In the technical scheme, the mixed jet injection device comprises a gas nozzle, a mixing cavity, an ice particle pipeline, an ice particle nozzle, a mixing pipe, a jet outlet and an injection shell; the spraying shell is arranged outside the mixing cavity; the ice particle pipeline is obliquely arranged on the side of the mixing cavity and is communicated with the mixing cavity; the ice particle inlet is arranged at the inlet end of the ice particle pipeline; the ice particle nozzle is arranged at the outlet end of the ice particle pipeline and is positioned at the communication part of the ice particle pipeline and the mixing cavity; the gas inlet is arranged at the inlet end of the mixing cavity and communicated with the mixing cavity; the gas nozzle is arranged in the mixing cavity and is positioned between the gas inlet and the ice particle nozzle; the mixing pipe is arranged at the side of the ice particle nozzle, is positioned at the outlet end of the mixing cavity and is communicated with the mixing cavity; the jet flow outlet is arranged at the outlet end of the mixing pipe; the fastening nut is disposed between the spray housing and the mixing tube.

In order to realize the above, the utility model discloses a second purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is: based on pulse ice efflux + some treatment unite broken rock TBM device, its characterized in that: the device comprises an inner cutter disc, an outer cutter disc, a rotary drive, a propulsion oil cylinder, an outer frame and a rear support, wherein the inner cutter disc and the outer cutter disc are based on pulse ice jet flow and point treatment;

the outer frame is arranged on the periphery of the rotary drive; the rotary drive is positioned at the rear sides of the inner cutterhead and the outer cutterhead based on pulse ice jet flow and point treatment;

the propulsion oil cylinder is positioned behind the outer frame; the rear support is positioned behind the propulsion oil cylinder;

the supporting shoe on the outer frame is positioned at the rear end of the propelling oil cylinder and in front of the rear support; the belt conveyor is positioned at the inner side of the outer frame; the bucket is positioned at the front end of the belt conveyor;

the high pressure ice particle generating system is located behind the rear support.

The utility model has the advantages of as follows:

(1) the utility model can form ice particles and convey the ice particles, and the ice particles with substandard size and hardness are screened, so as to ensure the consistency of the size and hardness of the ice particles output through the ice particle pipeline and ensure that the size and hardness of the output ice particles meet the use requirements;

(2) the utility model provides a coarse ice particle discharge pipe with the chamber is consolidated in the condensation is connected, has the mohs hardness sensing display device in the coarse ice particle discharge pipe, and when the too big coarse ice particle of particle diameter was discharged coarse ice particle discharge pipe by centrifugal device, the ice particle striking to the mohs hardness sensing display device in the discharge pipe, can detect and read the mohs hardness of current position ice particle, when the mohs hardness of ice particle was made 6-8, be qualified hardness, otherwise need install the modularization subassembly and further cool down the reinforcement to the ice particle; the detection and screening functions of the utility model are realized, and the rock breaking effect is ensured;

(3) the module reservation installation interface in the utility model is arranged on the ice particle pipeline, the length of the ice particle generating device can be lengthened after the modular component is connected with the module reservation installation interface on the ice particle pipeline, lower temperature and condensation strengthening environment are created for ice particle manufacturing, and the detection and reading are carried out until the ice particles meeting the conditions of hardness, rigidity and strength are obtained, so that the use is convenient;

(4) the ice particles in the utility model are the ice particles with ultrahigh hardness, rigidity and strength, can be used as jet abrasive to cut and crush rock mass, form a low-temperature impact stress area on the surface of the rock mass, impact workmanship and a low-temperature stress field can increase the brittleness of the rock mass, and are beneficial to crushing the rock mass, and meanwhile, the ice particles can take away heat generated by impact of the abrasive when melting, and simultaneously cool a mechanical hob, thereby greatly improving the working condition environment of tunnel tunneling construction operation and reducing water consumption; compared with the prior art that liquid nitrogen and ice particle jet flow are combined, the utility model provides an ice particle that high pressure ice particle generating system produced, hardness and size more accord with the requirement (especially hardness), and the modularized design has kept the possibility of further improving hardness simultaneously, the utility model discloses a jointly break rock TBM device based on pulse ice jet flow + point processing can make and produce the ice particle that accords with the requirement hardness of breaking rock, and ice particle hardness is high to the crushing work that the impact to the rock mass produced is just big, can produce better crushing effect; the defects that the crushing effect of rocks is influenced due to unstable particle size and/or insufficient hardness of ice particles in the prior art are overcome;

(5) the utility model discloses creat a point treatment rock breaking method based on pulse jet and combine the rock breaking mode of mechanical hobbing cutter, high-pressure ice efflux is to the rock the fracture of punching in advance, can reduce the intensity of rock, compares the rock breaking method that only adopts mechanical hobbing cutter, is favorable to improving the rock breaking efficiency of rock;

(6) compared with the combined rock breaking technology that the mechanical hob and the high-pressure ice jet rotate to break rock at the same time, the utility model has no sealing problem of the pipeline rotary joint of the mixed jet injection device in a high-pressure state when the high-pressure ice jet rotates to break rock; the ice jet cutter head is a fixed mechanism, a rotary sealing joint is not needed, and the economical efficiency is high; simultaneously, the irrotational ice efflux blade disc can provide bigger sealing pressure, is favorable to the deepening of high-pressure ice efflux drilling depth, and then promotes the breakage of rock, improves whole TBM's broken rock efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure ice particle generating system according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the rotating accelerating mixing device in the high-pressure ice particle generating system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the working structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of two sets of modular components in the high-pressure ice particle generating system according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the working structure of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the mixed jet injection device of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the cutter head body according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a mechanical cutter head of the cutter head main body according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an ice jet cutter of the cutter head main body according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the combined ice force-mechanical rock breaking TBM device according to the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the working structure of the ice force-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to the present invention.

I in fig. 4 represents ice particles.

I in fig. 6 represents ice particles.

In fig. 8, 9, and 10, M indicates the rotation direction of the cutter head body.

Q in fig. 11 represents an ice force notch; g represents a high-pressure ice particle pipeline.

K in FIG. 12 represents high pressure ice particle jet perforation; y represents a rock formation; g represents an oil pressure cylinder; z represents a shield; k denotes an ice force cutting groove formed by the directional impact of the ice jet ejected from the jet outlet of the mixed jet ejecting device to the rock surface.

In the figure, 1-spraying device, 1.1-cold water atomizing device, 1.1A-cold water atomizing nozzle, 1.1B-cold water pipe, 1.2-air flow spraying device, 1.2A-air flow nozzle, 1.2B-air flow pipe, 1.3-liquid nitrogen spraying device, 1.3A-liquid nitrogen nozzle, 1.3B-liquid nitrogen pipe, 1.4-cold cyclone spraying device, 1.4A-cold cyclone nozzle structure, 1.41-cold cyclone nozzle, 1.42-cold cyclone nozzle outer pipe, 1.43-cold cyclone nozzle delivery pipe, 1.4B-cold cyclone pipe, 2-cavity structure, 2.1-rotation acceleration mixing device, 2.1A-ice making cavity, 2.1B-mixing structure inner wall, 2.1C-mixing structure outer wall, 2.2-delivery pipe, 2.3-condensation cavity, 2.4-centrifugal device, 2.4A-centrifugal chamber, 2.4B-centrifugal device inner wall, 2.4C-centrifugal device outer wall, 2.5-ice particle pipeline, 3-screening device, 3.1-coarse ice particle discharge pipe, 3.2-Mohs hardness sensing display device, 4-module reserved installation interface, 5-modular component, 6-cutter head main body, 6.1-mechanical cutter head, 6.2-ice jet cutter head, 6.3-radial plate, 6.4-radial plate gap, 7-mechanical hob structure, 8-high pressure ice particle generation system, 9-mixed jet injection device, 9.1-gas inlet, 9.2-gas nozzle, 9.3-mixing chamber, 9.4-ice particle inlet, 9.5-ice particle pipeline, 9.6-ice particle nozzle, 9.7-fastening nut, 9.8-mixing pipe, 9.9-jet outlet, 9.10-jet shell, 10-inner and outer cutter heads based on pulse ice jet flow and point treatment, 11-rotary drive, 12-propulsion oil cylinder, 14-outer frame, 15-rear support, 16-supporting shoe on the outer frame, 17-belt conveyor, 18-bucket and 20-ice skate external pipeline.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily appreciated by the description.

With reference to the accompanying drawings: an inner and outer cutter head based on pulse ice jet flow and point treatment comprises a cutter head main body 6, a mechanical hob structure 7, a high-pressure ice particle generating system 8 and a mixed jet flow injection device 9;

the high-pressure ice particle generating system 8 is connected with a mixed jet injection device 9;

the cutter head main body 6 is of an upper cutter head and lower cutter head space layered structure; the cutter head main body 6 comprises two cutter heads, specifically a mechanical cutter head and an ice jet cutter head;

the radial plate 6.3 is arranged on the cutter head main body 6; the mechanical cutter head is in a web plate type, and a series of mechanical hobs are arranged on the web plate;

the mixed jet injection device 9 is arranged on the cutter head main body 6, and the mixed jet injection device 9 on the cutter head main body 6 injects high-pressure ice jet;

the mechanical hob structure 7 is arranged on the web 6.3 (as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10), and the mechanical hob structure 7 on the web 6.3 is used for rock breaking by rolling.

Further, the cutter head main body 6 comprises a mechanical cutter head 6.1 and an ice jet cutter head 6.2; the mechanical cutter head 6.1 is arranged outside the ice jet cutter head 6.2 in parallel, and the mechanical cutter head is arranged in front of the ice jet cutter head; the mechanical cutter head is connected with the rotary drive; the ice jet cutter head does not rotate along with the mechanical cutter head and is fixedly arranged on the whole TBM equipment.

Further, the mechanical cutter head 6.1 is in a radial plate type structure; a spoke plate gap 6.4 is formed between every two adjacent spoke plates 6.3; is used for realizing the pulse jet, and alleviate the weight of mechanical blade disc, reduce the energy consumption.

Further, in the radial direction, a plurality of mechanical hob structures 7 are installed on the web 6.3 at intervals;

in the radial direction, a plurality of mixed jet injection devices 9 are arranged on the ice jet cutter head 6.2 at intervals; a series of mixed jet injection devices 9 are arranged on the ice jet cutter head, and the mixed jet injection devices 9 are arranged at the radial plate gaps 6.4 of the mechanical cutter head; after the high-pressure ice jet flow punches holes in the rock mass, holes distributed in a certain arrangement are formed in the surface of the rock mass, the compressive strength of the rock mass is reduced, and then mechanical hobs on a TBM first mechanical cutterhead roll and cut on the rock mass full of the holes to crack the rock mass;

the mechanical hob structure 7 and the mixed jet injection device 9 are circumferentially arranged;

in the circumferential direction, the mixed jet injection device 9 is positioned between two adjacent mechanical hob structures 7; the mechanical hob structure 7 is located between two mixed jet injection devices 9 (as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10); used for realizing the utility model discloses a pulse jet.

Further, the high-pressure ice particle generating system 8 comprises a spraying device 1, a cavity structure 2 and a screening device 3; and one end of the cavity structure 2 is provided with the injection device 1, and the other end is provided with the screening device 3.

Further, the cavity structure 2 comprises a rotating accelerating mixing device 2.1, a conveying pipe 2.2, a condensation strengthening cavity 2.3, a centrifugal device 2.4 and an ice particle pipeline 2.5 from left to right; the rotary accelerating mixing device 2.1, the conveying pipe 2.2, the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3, the centrifugal device 2.4 and the ice particle pipeline 2.5 are communicated in sequence; ice particles are formed in the rotary accelerating mixing device 2.1, the ice particles are conveyed to the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3 through the conveying pipe 2.2 for strengthening and then enter the centrifugal device 2.4 for centrifugal separation, coarse ice particles are screened and separated through the screening device 3, and the ice particles with qualified sizes are continuously conveyed to an ice particle pipeline of the next stage;

the spraying device 1 comprises a cold water atomizing device 1.1, an air flow spraying device 1.2, a liquid nitrogen spraying device 1.3 and a cold cyclone spraying device 1.4 from left to right;

the cold water atomization device 1.1 and the airflow injection device 1.2 are both arranged at the inlet end of the rotary accelerated mixing device 2.1; supercooled water passes through a cold water atomization device 1.1 to form atomized water drops with uniform size in the ice making cavity; the airflow injection device 1.2 injects gas in the ice making cavity to promote the atomized water drops to be uniformly dispersed;

a liquid nitrogen injection device 1.3 is arranged on the side wall of the rotating accelerated mixing device 2.1 adjacent to the inlet end; the liquid nitrogen is sprayed out from the liquid nitrogen spraying device 1.3 and is combined with atomized water drops in the ice making cavity;

the cold rotational flow injection device 1.4 is arranged at the inlet end of the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3 and is positioned at the connecting part of the conveying pipe 2.2 and the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3; the cold rotational flow injection device 1.4 injects rotational airflow in the condensation reinforcement cavity to promote the ice particles in the condensation reinforcement cavity to be dispersed and prevent the ice particles from being bonded;

the screening device 3 is arranged at the outlet end of the centrifugal device 2.4 (as shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6); the screening device 3 is communicated with the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3 and the centrifugal device 2.4; the coarse ice particles separated from the centrifugal device 2.4 are discharged through a screening device 3.

Furthermore, the center lines of the rotating accelerating mixing device 2.1, the conveying pipe 2.2, the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3, the centrifugal device 2.4 and the ice particle pipeline 2.5 are on the same straight line; the stability of the structure is ensured.

Further, the screening device 3 comprises a coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1 and a Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device 3.2; the coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1 is arranged at the periphery of the outlet end of the centrifugal device 2.4;

the Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device 3.2 is arranged on the coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1; the coarse ice particle discharge pipe is connected with the condensation strengthening cavity, the Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device is arranged in the coarse ice particle discharge pipe, when coarse ice particles with overlarge particle sizes are discharged to the coarse ice particle discharge pipe by the centrifugal device, the ice particles impact the Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device in the discharge pipe, the Mohs hardness of the ice particles manufactured at the current position can be detected and read, when the Mohs hardness of the ice particles is 6-8, the qualified hardness is achieved, otherwise, a modular assembly needs to be installed to further cool and strengthen the ice particles.

Further, the coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1 is of a bending structure; preventing the coarse ice particles discharged through the coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1 from returning to the centrifugal device 2.4;

the Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device 3.2 is arranged at the bending part of the coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1; the inlet end of the coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1 is parallel to the ice particle pipeline 2.5, and the outlet end is in an inclined structure;

the mohs hardness sensing and displaying device 3.2 is arranged at the outlet end of the coarse ice particle discharge pipe 3.1 and is positioned at the joint of the inlet end and the outlet end.

Further, the condensation reinforcement cavity 2.3 and the centrifugal device 2.4 constitute a modular assembly 5 (shown in fig. 1, 4, 5, 6);

a module reserved installation interface 4 is arranged on the ice particle pipeline 2.5; the modular component 5 is connected with the module reserved mounting interface 4; the number of modular assemblies 5 is determined according to the actual ice particle preparation; the length of the ice particle generating device can be increased after the modular assembly 5 is connected with the module reserved mounting interface on the ice particle pipeline, a lower temperature and condensation strengthening environment is created for ice particle manufacturing, and detection and reading are carried out until the ice particles meeting the conditions of hardness, rigidity and strength are obtained.

Further, the rotating accelerating mixing device 2.1 comprises an ice making cavity 2.1A, a mixing structure inner wall 2.1B and a mixing structure outer wall 2.1C; the inner wall 2.1B of the mixing structure is positioned at the inner side of the outer wall 2.1C of the mixing structure;

the inner wall 2.1B of the mixed structure is rotationally connected with the outer wall 2.1C of the mixed structure;

the ice making chamber 2.1A is wrapped inside the mixing structure inner wall 2.1B (as shown in fig. 3); the inner wall of the mixing structure can rotate relative to the outer wall of the mixing structure, the rotating speed can be adjusted, centrifugal force is formed in the ice making cavity wrapped by the inner wall of the mixing structure, liquid nitrogen, atomized water and air flow which are located in the ice making cavity are fully mixed to form small ice particles with uniform size and texture, and the small ice particles are conveyed to a conveying pipe at the next stage along with the air flow.

The conveying pipe 2.2 is a hollow pipeline; and conveying the small ice particles carried by the airflow in the ice making cavity into the condensation strengthening cavity.

The ice particle pipeline 2.5 is a hollow pipeline (shown in figure 3); the ice particle conduit 2.5 is connected to the spraying device and conveys the ice particles produced and to the mixing chamber of the mixing jet spraying device.

The size of the inlet end of the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3 is larger than that of the outlet end; the cold rotating nozzle is connected in the condensation strengthening cavity, the cold cyclone nozzle can spray rotating cold airflow in the condensation strengthening cavity, so that the hardness, strength and rigidity of ice particles are further improved, the rotating airflow can disperse the ice particles without being solidified, the airflow sprayed at the rear part ensures the high-speed movement of the ice particles, and pipelines in the whole ice particle manufacturing process cannot be frozen; and meanwhile, the small ice particles passing through the condensation strengthening cavity are conveyed to a centrifugal device in the next stage.

Further, the centrifugal device is similar to the rotary mixing and accelerating device in structure, and is different in that the rotating speed of the centrifugal device is fixed, ice particles with overlarge particle sizes can be pushed to a coarse ice particle discharge pipe under the action of the centrifugal device, and meanwhile, the ice particles with qualified residual sizes are continuously conveyed to an ice particle pipeline of the next stage; the centrifugal device 2.4 comprises a centrifugal cavity, a centrifugal device inner wall and a centrifugal device outer wall; the inner wall of the centrifugal device is positioned at the inner side of the outer wall of the centrifugal device; the inner wall of the centrifugal device is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the centrifugal device; the centrifugal cavity is wrapped in the inner wall of the centrifugal device.

Further, the cold water atomization device 1.1 comprises a cold water atomization nozzle 1.1A and a cold water pipeline 1.1B; the cold water atomizing nozzle 1.1A is arranged at the inlet end of the ice making cavity 2.1A; the cold water pipeline 1.1B is connected with the cold water atomizing nozzle 1.1A; cold water carrying pressure of 0-10MPa is left in the cold water pipeline, under the action of the pressure, the water flow is below zero degree and can not be frozen, and the water which is not frozen below zero degree is called as supercooled water; the supercooled water passes through the atomizing nozzle to form atomized water drops with uniform size in the ice making cavity at the outlet;

the air flow injection device 1.2 comprises an air flow nozzle 1.2A and an air flow pipeline 1.2B; the airflow nozzle 1.2A is arranged at the inlet end of the ice making cavity 2.1A and is positioned at the periphery of the cold water atomizing nozzle 1.1A; the airflow pipeline 1.2B is connected with the airflow nozzle 1.2A; the gas flow nozzle can spray gas conveyed by the gas flow pipeline, so that liquid nitrogen and atomized water drops in the ice making cavity are promoted to be uniformly dispersed, and the combination of the liquid nitrogen and the atomized water drops is utilized;

the liquid nitrogen injection device 1.3 comprises a liquid nitrogen nozzle 1.3A and a liquid nitrogen pipeline 1.3B; the liquid nitrogen nozzle 1.3A is arranged on the side wall of the ice making cavity 2.1A adjacent to the inlet end and is positioned outside the air flow nozzle 1.2A; the liquid nitrogen pipeline 1.3B is connected with a liquid nitrogen nozzle 1.3A (shown in figures 1, 4, 5 and 6); the liquid nitrogen is sprayed out from the liquid nitrogen nozzle and combined with the atomized water drops in the ice making cavity.

Further, the cold cyclone injection device 1.4 comprises a cold cyclone nozzle structure 1.4A and a cold cyclone pipeline 1.4B; the cold cyclone nozzle structure 1.4A is arranged at the inlet end of the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3 and is positioned at the connecting part of the conveying pipe 2.2 and the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3; the cold cyclone nozzle structure 1.4A comprises a cold cyclone nozzle 1.41, a cold cyclone nozzle outer pipe 1.42 and a cold cyclone nozzle conveying pipe 1.43; the cold cyclone nozzle 1.41 is positioned between the cold cyclone nozzle outer pipe 1.42 and the cold cyclone nozzle conveying pipe 1.43; the cold cyclone nozzle 1.41 and the cold cyclone nozzle outer pipe 1.42 are rotationally connected with a cold cyclone nozzle conveying pipe 1.43; the cold cyclone pipe 1.4B is connected with a cold cyclone nozzle 1.41 (shown in FIG. 2); the cold cyclone nozzle 1.41 and the cold cyclone nozzle outer pipe 1.42 can rotate relative to the cold cyclone nozzle conveying pipe 1.43, and the cold cyclone nozzle 1.41 sprays cyclone airflow in the condensation strengthening cavity 2.3.

Further, the mixing jet injection device 9 comprises a gas nozzle 9.2, a mixing cavity 9.3, an ice particle pipeline 9.5, an ice particle nozzle 9.6, a mixing pipe 9.8, a jet outlet 9.9 and an injection shell 9.10; the ejector casing 9.10 is arranged outside the mixing chamber 9.3; the ice particle pipeline 9.5 is obliquely arranged on the side of the mixing cavity 9.3 and is communicated with the mixing cavity 9.3; an ice particle inlet 9.4 is arranged at the inlet end of the ice particle pipeline 9.5; the ice particle nozzle 9.6 is arranged at the outlet end of the ice particle pipeline 9.5 and is positioned at the communication part of the ice particle pipeline 9.5 and the mixing cavity 9.3; the device comprises a mixing jet flow injection device 9, a high-pressure ice particle generation system 8, a mixing cavity 9.3, a cutter head main body 6, a jet flow outlet 9.9, a high-pressure ice particle generation system 9, a jet flow outlet 9.3, a jet flow outlet, a jet;

the gas inlet 9.1 is arranged at the inlet end of the mixing cavity 9.3 and is communicated with the mixing cavity 9.3; the gas nozzle 9.2 is arranged in the mixing cavity 9.3 and is positioned between the gas inlet 9.1 and the ice particle nozzle 9.6; the gas nozzle 9.2 can spray high-pressure super-cooled gas, and the high-pressure super-cooled gas is fully mixed with ice particles from the ice particle pipeline 9.5 in the mixing cavity 9.3 and sprayed out through the mixing pipe 9.8 to form ice particle jet flow; the gas of the gas nozzle is from a high-pressure gas pump positioned behind the TBM cutter head, and the gas of the high-pressure gas pump enters a mixing chamber 9.3 from a gas inlet 9.1, is mixed and then is sprayed through an ice particle nozzle 9.6 to break the rock; the high-pressure air pump is in the prior art;

the mixing pipe 9.8 is arranged at the side of the ice particle nozzle 9.6, is positioned at the outlet end of the mixing cavity 9.3 and is communicated with the mixing cavity 9.3; the jet flow outlet 9.9 is arranged at the outlet end of the mixing pipe 9.8; the fastening nut 9.7 is arranged between the spray housing 9.10 and the mixing tube 9.8 (as shown in fig. 7); the fastening nut is in the prior art and plays a role in installation and fixation.

After the gas nozzle 9.2 in the mixed jet injection device 9 is replaced (by a gas-liquid nozzle or a liquid nozzle or other nozzles suitable for conveying media), high-strength, high-hardness and high-rigidity high-pressure pulse water ice particle jet, high-pressure water ice particle mixed jet, high-pressure liquid nitrogen ice particle mixed jet or high-pressure gas jet and other modes can be realized, and a proper jet mode can be selected according to the geological condition and the water consumption; wherein, the ice particles generated by the high-pressure ice particle generating system 8 enter the mixing cavity 9.3, are transported by a conveying medium (such as gas entering the mixing cavity 9.3 through a gas inlet 9.1) and are sprayed out through an ice particle nozzle 9.6 on the surface of the cutter head main body 6, so that the abrasion of an ice particle pipeline 9.5 caused by pure ice particle jet flow is avoided; wherein, the conveying medium can be one or more of ice water, gas, liquid nitrogen and the like; the selection of the transport medium depends on the type of the transport medium pump station connected with the mixed jet injection device 9, and the transport medium pump station comprises a high-pressure cold water pump, a high-pressure air pump, a liquid nitrogen pump station and the like.

The airflow pipeline 1.2B in the utility model sprays airflow mixed with inert gas (such as helium gas and the like) to improve the specific heat capacity of water; after the ice particles are formed, the inert gas sprayed by the gas flow pipeline 1.2B can provide a protective gas environment on the outer layer of the ice particles, so that the melting resistance of the ice particles is improved, and the hardness, the rigidity and the strength of the ice particles are improved.

With reference to the accompanying drawings: the TBM device for breaking rock based on the combination of pulse ice jet flow and point processing comprises an inner cutter head 10 and an outer cutter head 10 based on the pulse ice jet flow and point processing, a rotary drive 11, a propulsion oil cylinder 12, an outer frame 14 and a rear support 15; the outer frame 14 is arranged outside the rotary drive 11; providing support and protection for the rotary drive; the rotary drive 11 is positioned at the rear side of the ice jet cutter 6.2; the mechanical cutter head 6.1 is connected with the rotary drive; the mechanical cutter head 6.1 is driven by rotary driving to synchronously carry out rotary tunneling; the propulsion oil cylinder 12 is positioned outside the outer frame 14 and connected to the rear end of the outer frame 14; for propelling the TBM;

the rear support 15 is positioned behind the propulsion oil cylinder 12; the rear support is used for supporting the combined rock breaking TBM, so that the tunneling is convenient;

the outer frame upper supporting shoe 16 is positioned at the rear end of the propulsion oil cylinder 12 and in front of the rear support 15; the belt conveyor 17 is positioned inside the outer frame 14; a bucket 18 is located at the front end of the belt conveyor 17; the bucket is used for shoveling rock slag crushed by the cutter head and transporting the rock slag to the outside of the tunnel by the belt conveyer;

the high-pressure ice particle generating system 8 is located behind the rear support 15, and the high-pressure ice particle generating system 8 provides ice particles for the mixed jet injection device 9 (as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12).

A shield and an oil hydraulic cylinder are arranged on the outer side of the outer frame 14, and two ends of the oil hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected with the outer wall of the outer frame 14 and the inner wall of the shield; the combined rock breaking TBM is used for tunnel excavation, and the propulsion oil cylinder propels the TBM cutter head to advance. In the tunneling process, the supporting shoes on the outer rack are used for supporting the wall of the surrounding rock tunnel tightly and fixing the TBM rack, and the rear support is used for supporting the combined rock breaking TBM, so that the tunneling is facilitated.

The utility model discloses a rock-breaking TBM device based on pulse ice jet and point processing combination comprises a mechanical cutter head, an ice jet cutter head and a thrust cylinder; the mechanical hob is mounted on the mechanical cutter disc and used for breaking rock, the ice jet cutter disc is positioned behind the mechanical cutter disc, and the ice jet cutter disc sprays high-pressure ice jet to assist in breaking rock; the propulsion oil cylinder is positioned outside the TBM frame and behind the outer frame and is used for propelling the TBM (as shown in figures 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12).

The rock breaking method of the TBM device based on the combination of pulse ice jet flow and point processing comprises the following steps,

the method comprises the following steps: installing a pulse ice jet flow and point processing based combined rock breaking TBM device, and aligning the cutter head main body 6 to the position of a chamber to be excavated;

step two: fixing the TBM outer frame 14, and starting the ice force-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device to enable the TBM to tunnel forward for one stroke; when the TBM works, a hob on the mechanical cutter head 6.1 directly rolls rocks, and a high-pressure ice particle jet nozzle on the ice jet cutter head 6.2 jets high-pressure ice jet when a web plate gap 6.4 of the mechanical cutter head 6.1 promotes cracking of the rocks and improves rock breaking efficiency;

the specific process is as follows: the supporting shoes 16 on the outer frame support the surrounding rock tunnel wall tightly, fix the frame of the whole TBM, and the rear support is used for supporting the ice force-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device, so that the tunneling is convenient;

the propulsion oil cylinder 12 applies thrust to the cutter head body 6, and the TBM is pushed out and tunneled forwards; the mechanical cutter head 6.1 and the mechanical hob structure 7 are driven to rotate by a rotary drive 11, and the mechanical hob structure 7 arranged on the mechanical cutter head 6.1 is used for rolling and breaking rock;

a mixed jet injection device 9 on an ice jet cutter 6.2 positioned behind the mechanical cutter 6.1 injects high-pressure ice jet to assist in rock breaking; when the TBM works, the mechanical cutter head 6.1 rotates to break rocks, and when the rotary drive 11 drives the mechanical cutter head 6.1 to rotate until the spoke plate gap 6.4 is positioned above the mixed jet flow injection device 9, the mixed jet flow injection device 9 injects high-pressure ice jet flow to punch on a rock mass; when the mixed jet injection device 9 is shielded by the web 6.3 of the mechanical cutter head 6.1, the mixed jet injection device 9 stops injecting the high-pressure ice jet;

the collapsed rock slag is shoveled into a belt conveyor 17 by a bucket 18 and is transported out of the hole by the belt conveyor 17; the combined rock breaking TBM working system extends for one stroke, and the cutter head main body 6 and a component connected with the cutter head main body 6 correspondingly move forwards for one stroke;

step three: repeating the second step, and starting the next stroke operation until the tunneling reaches the specified distance; namely, the excavation of the cavern is completed (as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12).

In the second step, the mechanical hob structure 7 rotates along with the cutter head main body 6 while rotating;

when the mechanical cutter head 6.1 rotates to the web plate gap 6.4 and is superposed with the mixed jet injection device 9, the high-pressure ice particle generation system 8 supplies water to the mixed jet injection device 9 through the ice skate external pipeline 20, high-pressure water jet is sprayed out from the jet outlet 9.9 of the mixed jet injection device 9 to directionally punch a rock mass and impact the rock mass on the surface of the rock between two adjacent mechanical hob structures 7 to form a hole with a certain depth, and the rock around the hole is cracked by the impact action of the high-pressure ice jet so as to generate a series of microcracks for crushing; and the mechanical hob structure 7 directly rolls and crushes the punched rock.

The jet outlet 9.9 of the mixed jet injection device 9 on the ice jet cutter 6.2 is in a pulse jet mode, namely high-pressure water jet injection is carried out at regular intervals (as shown in figures 8, 9 and 10);

jet outlet 9.9 of mixed jet injection device 9 sprays the fluidic pulse law of ice according to the rotational speed and the operating condition of machinery blade disc 6.1 adjust (namely: the fluidic pulse law of high pressure ice (namely injection time and interval injection time) according to the rotational speed and the operating condition of machinery blade disc 6.1 adjust), the high pressure ice efflux should be located before the beginning of the injection and when stopping the radials clearance 6.4 below of machinery blade disc 6.1, certain start-up time and brake time are reserved in the high pressure ice grain injection setting, avoid the high pressure ice efflux to spray on the radials 6.3 of the machinery blade disc 6.1 of installation machinery hob structure 7.

Further, the working system of the ice force-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device comprises a transmission box body, a hydraulic feeding system and a rotary drive; a motor, a torque and speed sensor and a speed reducer are arranged in the rotary drive, and two ends of the torque and speed sensor are respectively connected with the motor and the speed reducer and used for controlling the rotation of the cutter head main body 6; the hydraulic feeding system comprises a propulsion oil cylinder and a thrust rod; the thrust oil cylinder is hinged with the thrust rod and connected with the pressure sensor to realize the feed and retraction (as shown in figures 11 and 12).

In order to explain more clearly the inside and outside blade disc and broken rock TBM device based on pulse ice efflux + point are handled compare the advantage that has with prior art, the staff has carried out the contrast with these two kinds of technical scheme, its contrast result is as follows:

according to last table, interior outer blade disc and broken rock TBM device based on pulse ice efflux + point is handled compare with prior art, broken rock mode is that the water jet orientation of water under high pressure punches and mechanical hobbing cutter jointly breaks the rock, breaks rock efficient, and the suitability is stronger (specially adapted hard rock excavation).

Other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an inside and outside blade disc based on pulse ice efflux + point is handled which characterized in that: comprises a cutter head main body (6), a mechanical hob structure (7), a high-pressure ice particle generating system (8) and a mixed jet injection device (9); the high-pressure ice particle generating system (8) is connected with the mixed jet injection device (9); the cutter head main body (6) is of an upper cutter head and a lower cutter head spatial layered structure; a radial plate (6.3) is arranged on the cutter head main body (6); the mixed jet injection device (9) is arranged on the cutter head main body (6); the mechanical hob structure (7) is arranged on the web (6.3).

2. The inner and outer cutter heads based on pulsed ice jet + point treatment of claim 1, wherein: the cutter head main body (6) comprises a mechanical cutter head (6.1) and an ice jet cutter head (6.2); the mechanical cutter head (6.1) is arranged outside the ice jet cutter head (6.2) in parallel.

3. The inner and outer cutter heads based on pulsed ice jet + point treatment of claim 2, wherein: the mechanical cutter head (6.1) is of a radial plate type structure; and a spoke plate gap (6.4) is arranged between every two adjacent spoke plates (6.3).

4. The inner and outer cutter heads based on pulsed ice jet + point treatment of claim 3, wherein: a plurality of mechanical hob structures (7) are arranged on the spoke plate (6.3) at intervals; a plurality of mixed jet injection devices (9) are arranged on the ice jet cutter head (6.2) at intervals; the mechanical hob structure (7) and the mixed jet injection device (9) are circumferentially arranged; in the circumferential direction, the mixed jet injection device (9) is positioned between two adjacent mechanical hob structures (7).

5. The inner and outer cutter heads based on pulsed ice jet + point treatment of claim 4, wherein: the high-pressure ice particle generating system (8) comprises a spraying device (1), a cavity structure (2) and a screening device (3); one end of the cavity structure (2) is provided with the injection device (1), and the other end is provided with the screening device (3).

6. The inner and outer cutter heads based on pulsed ice jet + point treatment of claim 5, wherein: the cavity structure (2) comprises a rotary accelerating mixing device (2.1), a conveying pipe (2.2), a condensation strengthening cavity (2.3), a centrifugal device (2.4) and an ice particle pipeline (2.5) from left to right; the rotary accelerated mixing device (2.1), the conveying pipe (2.2), the condensation strengthening cavity (2.3), the centrifugal device (2.4) and the ice particle pipeline (2.5) are communicated in sequence;

the spraying device (1) comprises a cold water atomizing device (1.1), an air flow spraying device (1.2), a liquid nitrogen spraying device (1.3) and a cold rotational flow spraying device (1.4) from left to right;

the cold water atomization device (1.1) and the airflow injection device (1.2) are arranged at the inlet end of the rotary accelerating mixing device (2.1);

the liquid nitrogen injection device (1.3) is arranged on the side wall of the rotary accelerating mixing device (2.1);

the cold rotational flow injection device (1.4) is arranged at the inlet end of the condensation strengthening cavity (2.3);

the screening device (3) is arranged at the outlet end of the centrifugal device (2.4); the screening device (3) is communicated with the centrifugal device (2.4).

7. The inner and outer cutter heads based on pulsed ice jet + point treatment of claim 6, wherein: the screening device (3) comprises a coarse ice particle discharge pipe (3.1) and a Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device (3.2);

the coarse ice particle discharge pipe (3.1) is arranged at the periphery of the outlet end of the centrifugal device (2.4);

the Mohs hardness sensing and displaying device (3.2) is arranged on the coarse ice particle discharge pipe (3.1);

the condensation strengthening cavity (2.3) and the centrifugal device (2.4) form a modular assembly (5);

a module reserved installation interface (4) is arranged on the ice particle pipeline (2.5); the modularized component (5) is connected with the module reserved installation interface (4).

8. The pulsed ice jet + spot treatment based inner and outer cutter heads of claim 7 wherein: the rotary acceleration mixing device (2.1) comprises an ice making cavity (2.1A), a mixing structure inner wall (2.1B) and a mixing structure outer wall (2.1C);

the inner wall (2.1B) of the mixing structure is rotationally connected with the outer wall (2.1C) of the mixing structure;

the ice making cavity (2.1A) is wrapped in the inner wall (2.1B) of the mixing structure.

9. The pulsed ice jet + spot treatment based inner and outer cutter heads of claim 8 wherein: the mixed jet injection device (9) comprises a gas nozzle (9.2), a mixing cavity (9.3), an ice particle pipeline (9.5), an ice particle nozzle (9.6), a mixing pipe (9.8), a jet outlet (9.9) and an injection shell (9.10);

the spraying shell (9.10) is arranged outside the mixing cavity (9.3);

the ice particle pipeline (9.5) is obliquely arranged on the side of the mixing cavity (9.3) and is communicated with the mixing cavity (9.3); the ice particle inlet (9.4) is arranged at the inlet end of the ice particle pipeline (9.5); the ice particle nozzle (9.6) is arranged at the outlet end of the ice particle pipeline (9.5) and is positioned at the communication part of the ice particle pipeline (9.5) and the mixing cavity (9.3);

the gas inlet (9.1) is arranged at the inlet end of the mixing cavity (9.3) and is communicated with the mixing cavity (9.3); the gas nozzle (9.2) is arranged in the mixing cavity (9.3) and is positioned between the gas inlet (9.1) and the ice particle nozzle (9.6);

the mixing pipe (9.8) is arranged on the side of the ice particle nozzle (9.6), is positioned at the outlet end of the mixing cavity (9.3) and is communicated with the mixing cavity (9.3);

the jet flow outlet (9.9) is arranged at the outlet end of the mixing pipe (9.8);

the fastening nut (9.7) is arranged between the spray housing (9.10) and the mixing tube (9.8).

10. The pulse ice jet and point treatment based combined rock breaking TBM device adopting the inner cutterhead and the outer cutterhead based on the pulse ice jet and point treatment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized in that: the device comprises an inner cutter head and an outer cutter head (10) based on pulse ice jet flow + point treatment, a rotary drive (11), a propulsion oil cylinder (12), an outer frame (14) and a rear support (15);

the outer frame (14) is arranged on the periphery of the rotary drive (11); the rotary drive (11) is positioned at the rear side of the inner cutterhead and the outer cutterhead (10) based on pulse ice jet flow and point treatment;

the propulsion oil cylinder (12) is positioned behind the outer frame (14); the rear support (15) is positioned behind the propulsion oil cylinder (12);

the upper supporting shoe (16) of the outer frame is positioned at the rear end of the propulsion oil cylinder (12) and in front of the rear support (15); the belt conveyor (17) is positioned inside the outer frame (14); a bucket (18) is positioned at the front end of the belt conveyor (17);

the high-pressure ice particle generating system (8) is positioned behind the rear support (15).

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