CN214275703U

CN214275703U - Direct-flow burner using high-temperature raw gas

Info

Publication number: CN214275703U
Application number: CN202120353169.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邢春礼; 孟晓晓; 孙锐; 闫永宏; 孙刘涛; 朱文堃
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2021-02-08
Filing date: 2021-02-08
Publication date: 2021-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-08

Abstract

A direct-current burner for burning high-temperature raw gas belongs to the technical field of high-efficiency clean coal combustion. The utility model provides a to among the high-efficient low NOx direct current combustion that low NOx combustor is not applicable to the raw coke oven gas among the prior art and the prior art because do not have a high-efficient low NOx raw coke oven gas direct current combustor, make its unable problem for segmentation coupling pulverized coal combustion technology configuration raw coke oven gas direct current combustor. The utility model comprises a central pipe, a crude gas inlet pipeline, a concentrated crude gas pipeline, a primary air distribution pipeline, a light crude gas pipeline, a fire-facing side wall plate, a porous concentration grid, a split grid, a blunt body, a crude gas diffusion ring, a water-cooling coil pipe cooling system and a multiple diffusion flame generator; the method is characterized in that the raw gas is combusted based on the comprehensive cooling technologies of raw gas horizontal shade classification, multiple diffusion flame, ignition and stable combustion in the outer boundary layer of the bluff body vortex, rich fuel combustion, water cooling and air cooling; the utility model is suitable for a segmentation coupling pulverized coal combustion of extensive coal type.

Description

Direct-flow burner using high-temperature raw gas

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of high-efficient clean coal burning.

Background

At present, China is a world with large energy consumption, and with the continuous increase of GDP, the increase of the energy demand of China is still one of the fastest growing few countries in the world. In the primary energy composition of China, coal is still used as the main energy, but the quantity of high-quality coal is not less, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency is low. Coal combustion constitutes a main environmental pollution source, the proportion of coal in the primary energy composition of China still reaches more than 60 percent, and the proportion of the coal in China accounting for the total primary energy consumption still exceeds 50 percent in 2030 years, and the consumption reaches about 45 hundred million tons. The average comprehensive utilization efficiency of power generation and heat supply in China is only about 40 percent, which is 10 percent lower than that of developed countries; the NOx emitted by the fire coal accounts for 75 percent. In the mined coal reserves explored in China, the low-quality coal reaches about 50%, the proportion of only anthracite and lean coal approaches 30%, and a large amount of coke produced by lignite upgrading or low-temperature pyrolysis also needs a novel combustion and gasification technology to be cleanly and efficiently utilized; the thermal power accounts for more than 70% of the total power generation amount of China, and coal provides 80% of thermal power fuel, wherein the majority of thermal power plants use inferior coal; in addition, the coal quality of the Chinese power coal is unstable and often cannot meet the design coal standard. Chinese thermal power recent target: when the average power supply standard coal consumption is reduced to 315 g/kilowatt, the emission concentration of SO2 is controlled to be 50mg/Nm³The NOx emission concentration is controlled at 100mg/Nm³The coal-fired power generation device is also the internal power for the research and development of novel coal-fired technologies in China.

Although various coal burning technologies are developed at home and abroad, the coal burning technologies are expressed in the burning of difficult-to-burn fuels such as low-volatile anthracite, lean coal, coke and the like, and because the efficient and clean physicochemical conditions are often mutually restricted on the same equipment, the development of the coal burning technologies which simultaneously realize stable burning, high efficiency, low NOx, slagging resistance, high-temperature corrosion resistance, fast load response and excellent low-load performance is still challenged.

Aiming at the combustion of fuels such as hard-burning low-volatile anthracite, lean coal, coke and the like, the prior art provides a sectional coupling pulverized coal combustion device and a method, based on the theoretical design that different equipment is utilized to pertinently implement pyrolysis, combustion, crushing, gasification, desulfurization, particle separation, carbon conversion and burnout in different stages of coal combustion thermochemical conversion, and the structural design that the quality, momentum and energy of each stage are effectively coupled is implemented by utilizing a new structure in a furnace, a low-temperature pyrolysis section of an optimized double-vortex fast fluidized bed and a high-temperature carbon conversion section of a pulverized coal furnace are combined, through the independent control of each section, the mutual restriction of implementing the physicochemical conditions of high-efficiency clean coal combustion in the same equipment is broken through, the advantages of each section are exerted, and the potentials of each section are overcome, so that the ignition stable combustion, high-efficiency, low NOx, slag and high-temperature corrosion prevention and the ignition stable combustion of coal, especially hard-burning inferior coal can be simultaneously realized, The pulverized coal combustion with quick load response and excellent low-load performance expands the coal adaptability of combustion equipment. However, in the sectional coupling pulverized coal combustion technology, a high-performance raw coke oven gas direct current/cyclone burner must be configured for a pulverized coal furnace which performs carbon conversion and burnout in a high-temperature carbon conversion section to effectively couple and combust raw coke oven gas generated by a low-temperature section double-vortex fast fluidized bed, so that sectional coupling pulverized coal combustion can be realized, and efficient and clean pulverized coal combustion of a wide range of coal types can be realized.

Specifically, a sectionally-coupled pulverized coal combustion process is implemented in two sections, and in a low-temperature section below 980 ℃, coal with the particle size of less than 10mm, particularly nonflammable coal particles are independently dried, pyrolyzed, combusted, crushed, gasified, desulfurized and particle-sorted by using an optimized double-vortex fast fluidized bed through centrifugal fluidization, so that fuel is reformed into raw coke gas, and the raw coke gas is a gas-solid two-phase flow which is generated by the optimized double-vortex fast fluidized bed in the low-temperature section, has the pressure of less than 3MPa, the temperature of 500 ℃ to 980 ℃, and only contains semicoke and coke particles with the particle size of less than 70 mu m in combustible gas; in the high-temperature section of more than 980 ℃, a direct current/rotational flow raw coke oven gas burner needs to be configured in the pulverized coal furnace, so that the raw coke oven gas can independently implement high-efficiency clean combustion in the pulverized coal furnace, and the pulverized coal combustion with wide coal types, particularly difficult-to-fire coal, stable combustion, high efficiency, low NOx, slagging resistance, high-temperature corrosion resistance, fast load response and excellent low-load performance can be simultaneously realized in the sectional coupling pulverized coal combustion process. However, in the prior art, a corresponding raw coke oven gas direct-current burner is not equipped in the sectionally coupled pulverized coal combustion technology so as to realize high-efficiency low-NOx direct-current combustion in a high-temperature carbon conversion section; in the prior art, although the european union discloses an Injector low-NOx high-efficiency hydrogen direct-flow burner and a classical absolute ignition stable-combustion fuel oil direct-flow burner with large excess air coefficient and low NOx, the fuels and the combustion purposes are different, and the burners are not suitable for the direct-flow combustion of the raw coke oven gas; therefore, the existing low-NOx direct-flow burner is not suitable for the efficient low-NOx direct-flow combustion of the raw coke oven gas due to different fuels and different combustion purposes.

In summary, there is a need to solve the above problems, which are solved in the prior art, in view of the fact that the low NOx burner is not suitable for the efficient low NOx direct current combustion of the raw coke oven gas and the problem that the raw coke oven gas direct current burner cannot be configured for the staged coupling pulverized coal combustion technology because there is no high efficient low NOx direct current burner in the prior art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving the problem that the high-efficient low NOx direct current burning that is not applicable to the raw coke oven gas to low NOx combustor among the prior art and does not exist a high-efficient low NOx raw coke oven gas direct current combustor, makes it unable for segmentation coupling pulverized coal combustion technology configuration raw coke oven gas direct current combustor, the utility model provides a direct current combustor with high temperature raw coke oven gas.

The first structure of the direct current burner using high-temperature raw gas comprises the following steps:

the direct-current combustor for burning high-temperature raw gas comprises a central pipe 1, a raw gas inlet pipeline 2, a concentrated raw gas pipeline 3, a primary air distribution pipeline 4, a light raw gas pipeline 5, a fire-facing side wall plate 6, a porous concentration grid 7, a split grid 8, a blunt body 9, a raw gas diffusion ring 10, a water-cooled coil cooling system 11 and a multiple diffusion flame generator 12; the bottom ends of the central pipe 1, the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3, the primary air distribution pipeline 4 and the light raw gas pipeline 5 are communicated; a No. 1 air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the raw gas inlet pipeline 2; the wall surface of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 is provided with a No. 2 air inlet 4-1;

the central tube 1 and the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3 are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, the bottom ends of the central tube 1 and the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3 are flush, and an annular channel is formed between the central tube 1 and the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3; a raw gas diffusion ring 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3, and a primary air distribution pipeline 4 is sleeved outside the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3; the light raw gas pipeline 5 is arranged in an annular channel formed between the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3 and the primary air distribution pipeline 4, the light raw gas pipeline 5 is close to the back fire side of the boiler, and the axis of the light raw gas pipeline 5 is parallel to the axis of the primary air distribution pipeline 4; the top end of the light raw gas pipeline 5 is communicated with the raw gas inlet pipeline 2;

the top end of the central tube 1 extends out of the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3, the raw gas inlet pipeline 2 is positioned above the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3 and sleeved outside the central tube 1, and the top end of the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3 is communicated with the raw gas inlet pipeline 2; meanwhile, the central tube 1 is divided into two sections, namely an upper section pipeline and a lower section pipeline, wherein the upper section pipeline is a part extending out of the raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline 2, the lower section pipeline is a part positioned in the raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline 2 and the concentrated raw coke oven gas pipeline 3, and the caliber of the upper section pipeline is far smaller than that of the lower section pipeline;

the top end of the raw gas inlet pipeline 2 is sealed, the bottom end of the raw gas inlet pipeline 2 is fixedly connected with the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 through a No. 1 flange plate, and the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 is sealed through a sealing plate;

the porous concentration grid 7 is of a flat plate or curved plate structure, a through hole is formed in the plate, one end of the porous concentration grid 7 is fixed on the inner wall of the raw gas inlet pipeline 2, the other end of the porous concentration grid is fixed on a sealing plate at the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline 4, and the raw gas pipeline 5 is located right below the porous concentration grid 7;

the split grating 8 is arranged in a channel between the light raw gas pipeline 5 and the primary air distribution pipeline 4, is used for splitting the gas in the channel and is divided into two parts, wherein one part of the gas is used for supporting combustion, the other part of the gas is used for cooling, preventing slagging and high-temperature corrosion of a water-cooled wall on the back fire side of the boiler, and the channel where the other part of the gas is located is used as a side air channel on the back fire side;

the bluff body 9 is fixed on the inner wall of the bottom of the central tube 1 through a connecting piece, the multiple diffusion flame generator 12 is embedded in an annular channel formed between the central tube 1 and the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3, and the bottom end of the multiple diffusion flame generator 12 is flush with the bottom end of the central tube 1 and the bottom end of the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3;

the fire facing side wall plate 6, part of the side wall of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 and a first flange plate at the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 surround a fire facing side air channel; the fire facing side wall plate 6 is provided with a No. 3 air inlet, and the No. 3 air inlet is used as an air inlet of a fire facing side air channel;

the bottom end of the fire side air channel is provided with a guide pipe 6-1, and the guide pipe 6-1 is used for leading out gas in the fire side air channel and then cooling, preventing slagging and corroding the water-cooled wall of the fire side boiler at high temperature;

the bottom end of the fire side air channel is also communicated with the bottom end of the primary air distribution pipeline 4;

and the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 is used for cooling the central pipe 1, the thick raw gas pipeline 3 and the light raw gas pipeline 5.

The second structure of the direct current burner using the high-temperature raw gas comprises the following steps:

the direct-current combustor burning high-temperature raw gas comprises a central pipe 1, a raw gas inlet pipeline 2, N thick raw gas pipelines 3, a primary air distribution pipeline 4, a light raw gas pipeline 5, a fire facing side wall plate 6, a porous concentration grid 7, a split grid 8, a blunt body 9, a raw gas diffusion ring 10 and a water-cooling coil cooling system 11; the bottom ends of a central pipe 1, N thick crude gas pipelines 3, a primary air distribution pipeline 4 and a light crude gas pipeline 5 are communicated; a No. 1 air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the raw gas inlet pipeline 2; the wall surface of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 is provided with a No. 2 air inlet 4-1; n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

the central tube 1 and the primary air distribution pipeline 4 are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, an annular channel is formed between the central tube 1 and the primary air distribution pipeline 4, and the N concentrated raw coke oven gas pipelines 3 are axially symmetrically distributed around the axis of the central tube 1; the bottom ends of the N concentrated raw gas pipelines 3 are parallel and level, the raw gas diffusion ring 10 is arranged at the bottom ends of the N concentrated raw gas pipelines 3, and the N concentrated raw gas pipelines 3 are communicated with the raw gas diffusion ring 10;

the light raw gas pipeline 5 is arranged in the primary air distribution pipeline 4 and outside the N thick raw gas pipelines 3, the axis of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 is parallel to the axis of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 and the axes of the N thick raw gas pipelines 3, the light raw gas pipeline 5 is close to the back fire side of the boiler, and the top end of the light raw gas pipeline 5 is communicated with the raw gas inlet pipeline 2;

the top end of the central tube 1 extends out of a primary air distribution pipeline 4, a crude gas inlet pipeline 2 is positioned above the N concentrated crude gas pipelines 3 and the primary air distribution pipeline 4 and is sleeved outside the central tube 1, and the top ends of the N concentrated crude gas pipelines 3 are communicated with the crude gas inlet pipeline 2;

the split grating 8 is arranged in a channel between the light raw gas pipeline 5 and the primary air distribution pipeline 4, is used for splitting the gas in the channel and is divided into two parts, wherein one part of the gas is used for supporting combustion, and the other part of the gas is used for cooling, preventing slagging and corroding at high temperature on the water-cooled wall on the back fire side of the boiler; and the channel where the other part of gas is located is used as a backfire side wind channel;

the bluff body 9 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the bottom of the central tube 1;

Preferably, the splitting grids 8 of the first and second structures of the direct current combustor burning the high-temperature raw coke oven gas are in a strip-shaped structure, and the longitudinal sections of the splitting grids 8 are triangular.

Preferably, the apex angle a3 of the triangle of the longitudinal cross-section of the splitting bar 8 is 5 ° to 30 °.

Preferably, in the direct current burner using high-temperature raw coke oven gas of the first structure, the bottom end of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring 10 is flush with the bottom end of the primary air distribution pipeline 4, the bottom end of the light raw coke oven gas pipeline 5 and the bottom end of the fire facing side wall plate 6.

Preferably, in the first or second structure of the direct current burner using high-temperature raw coke oven gas, the distance between the bottom end surface of the blunt body 9 and the bottom end surface of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring 10 is H₁(ii) a And H₁(0.2 to 0.5) D1; wherein D1 is the outer diameter of the bluff body 9.

Preferably, in the direct current combustor burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas of the first structure, the multiple diffusion flame generator 12 is of an annular structure, and M axial nozzles 12-1 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular structure, wherein the M axial nozzles 12-1 are axially symmetrically distributed around the axis of the multiple diffusion flame generator 12, and M is an integer greater than 1.

Preferably, the radial section of the axial jets 12-1 is of the same or gradual diameter; wherein, the gradual change mode comprises gradual change or gradual change.

Preferably, the radial cross-section of the axial jets 12-1 is tapered or divergent at an included angle of 20 ° to 70 °.

Preferably, in the direct current combustor for burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas with the first structure and the second structure, the included angle between the porous concentration grid 7 and the inner wall of the raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline 2 is A₁，A₁Is 20 to 35.

Preferably, in the first or second structure of the direct current burner using high-temperature raw coke oven gas, the radial cross section of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring 10 is rectangular, square or circular, and the diffusion angle a of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring 10 is₂Is 15 to 35.

Preferably, in the direct-current combustors burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas with the first and second structures, the raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline 2 is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial section;

the central tube 1 is a straight tube with a rectangular, square or circular radial section;

the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3 is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial section;

the light raw gas pipeline 5 is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or multiple round radial sections;

the primary air distribution pipeline 4 is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial section.

Preferably, in the direct current combustor burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas of the first structure, the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 comprises 3 groups of water-cooling coils 11-1, wherein,

the first group of water-cooling coils 11-1 are coiled on the inner wall of the central tube 1, the second group of water-cooling coils 11-1 are coiled on the outer side wall of the thick raw gas pipeline 3, and the third group of water-cooling coils 11-1 are coiled on the outer side wall of the light raw gas pipeline 5;

circulating cooling water is introduced into the 3 groups of water-cooling coils 11-1 to cool and protect the central pipe 1, the thick raw gas pipeline 3 and the light raw gas pipeline 5.

Preferably, in the direct current combustor burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas with the second structure, the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 comprises three groups of water-cooling coils 11-1, wherein,

the N concentrated raw gas pipelines 3 enclose an annular structure, and the first group of water-cooling coil pipes 11-1 are wound on the inner wall of the annular structure enclosed by the N concentrated raw gas pipelines 3; the second group of water-cooling coil pipes 11-1 are coiled on the outer wall of the annular structure surrounded by the N concentrated raw gas pipelines 3;

the third group of water-cooling coil pipes 11-1 are coiled on the outer wall of the raw gas pipeline 5;

circulating cooling water is introduced into the 3 groups of water-cooling coils 11-1 to cool and protect the N thick raw gas pipelines 3 and the light raw gas pipelines 5.

Preferably, in the direct-flow combustor burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas with the first structure and the second structure, the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 further comprises a valve 11-2, a water inlet pipeline 11-3, a downcomer 11-4, a high-pressure circulating pump 11-5 and a water return pipeline 11-6 which are positioned outside the combustor;

the downcomer 11-4 is simultaneously communicated with the water inlets of the three groups of water-cooling coils 11-1 through a water inlet pipeline 11-3, and the downcomer 11-4 is simultaneously communicated with the water return ports of the three groups of water-cooling coils 11-1 through a water return pipeline 11-6;

the valve 11-2 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 11-3;

the high-pressure circulating pump 11-5 is arranged on the water return pipeline 11-6 and is used for pumping water in the water-cooling coil pipe 11-1 back to the downcomer pipe 11-4.

The principle and the performance analysis of the direct-current combustor using the high-temperature raw gas are as follows:

firing: the utility model discloses owing to use high temperature raw coke oven gas as fuel, possess the ignition of high temperature, fuel, oxidant and burn three key elements, so, there is not the problem of catching fire in theory, absolutely catches fire promptly.

And (3) stable combustion: the method adopts multiple diffusion flames of the raw gas and a blunt body to realize stable combustion of the raw gas: the multiple diffusion flame is absolutely stable in theory, the stable combustion mechanism of the multiple raw gas diffusion flame by utilizing the bluff body does not depend on bluff body vortex backflow heat, because the bluff body vortex backflow gas is central wind or primary air distribution, namely preheated air, but not hot smoke, and axial and radial changes of the places of hot gas-solid two-phase flow of raw gas fuel, air, oxidant and combustion products are made by the bluff body vortex, namely: the distribution of the raw gas fuel, the air oxidant and the combustion products can enable the speed of the air oxidant to effectively match the propagation speed of the combustible gas, coke and semicoke particle ignition combustion flame of the raw gas in a wider speed range in the bluff body vortex outer boundary layer, so that the absolute stable combustion in the practical sense is realized.

Low NOx: the three mechanisms of fuel-rich combustion, low-temperature combustion and fuel staged combustion are implemented to respectively inhibit the generation of fuel type NOx and thermal type NOx and reduce the NOx so as to reduce the NOx emission. Different from the nature or purpose of primary and secondary air distribution in coal powder direct-current combustion, the air distribution design requirement of high-temperature raw coke oven gas direct-current combustion is as follows: the high-temperature raw gas multiple diffusion flame is provided with primary air distribution and secondary air distribution according to the principle that the 'segmented coupling pulverized coal combustion method' implements fuel-rich combustion and gasification in the whole burner region of the high-temperature pulverized coal furnace instead of only the near field of a burner, so that the fuel-rich combustion and gasification of the high-temperature raw gas at the temperature level of 1100 ℃ are implemented, the space and time for inhibiting the generation of fuel type NOx are expanded, the carbon conversion rate is continuously improved along with the progress of the fuel-rich combustion and gasification of the high-temperature raw gas, preferably more than 80 percent is achieved, and the mechanism for inhibiting the generation of fuel type NOx by the fuel-rich combustion is implemented to the maximum extent; on the other hand, the crude gas multiple diffusion flame is designed to occur in the outer boundary layer of the bluff body vortex, which is beneficial to self-cooling of the flame and avoids backflow of high-temperature flue gas to the vortex core, the bluff body vortex backflow gas only flows back to the bluff body vortex core through a small part of central wind or primary wind distribution, so that the thermal NOx generation in the vortex core can be inhibited, particularly, the high-temperature crude gas multiple diffusion flame is relatively easy to implement flame cooling compared with the centralized flame, the graded secondary wind distribution is mixed with the high-temperature crude gas multiple diffusion flame at proper time, and the crude gas multiple flame is cooled to maintain the combustion and gasification in the integral burner region at the temperature level of 1100 ℃, and the low-temperature combustion can obviously inhibit the thermal NOx generation; in addition, the porous plate concentrator is used for dividing the high-temperature raw gas flow into a concentrated high-temperature raw gas flow towards the fire side and a light high-temperature raw gas flow away from the fire side in the horizontal direction to perform staged combustion of high-temperature raw gas fuel in the horizontal direction, and the light high-temperature raw gas flow can reduce NOx generated by the flame of the concentrated high-temperature raw gas and reduce NOx emission.

Preventing slagging and high-temperature corrosion: all high-temperature raw gas multiple diffusion flames are wrapped by primary air distribution and central air, and are regulated by a configured raw gas diffusion ring at an outlet of a high-temperature and concentrated raw gas channel, particles in the high-temperature raw gas are prevented from scouring a water-cooled wall, the horizontally concentrated and dilute separated lean high-temperature raw gas combustion airflow at the back fire side can prevent the particles in the high-temperature raw gas from scouring the water-cooled wall in an air shielding mode, concurrent side air at the back fire side can prevent the particles in the high-temperature raw gas from scouring the water-cooled wall in the air shielding mode, can reduce the temperature near the water-cooled wall at the back fire side and enable the near water-cooled wall at the back fire side to be in an oxidizing atmosphere, and finally, high-pressure, reverse tangent circle and reverse flow flame side air from a primary air distribution fan can be independently controlled, on one hand, the direct-flow combustor can prevent combustion airflow sprayed by an upstream adjacent corner combustor from rotatably scouring the water-cooled wall at the flame side in the air shielding mode, on the other hand, the temperature near the fire side water wall can be lowered to make the vicinity of the fire side water wall in an oxidizing atmosphere. Therefore, the implementation of four technologies of the raw gas diffusion ring, the horizontal shade, the downstream side wind at the back fire side and the upstream side wind at the fire side of the reverse tangent circle can ensure that the near field of the burner and the water wall area nearby the near field of the burner are in a favorable state of low temperature and strong oxidizing atmosphere without particle scouring, so that the slag bonding and high-temperature corrosion of the wall surface of the burner and the water wall area nearby the burner can be prevented;

high-efficiency combustion: because the high-temperature raw gas direct-current combustor adopts multiple diffusion flame and horizontal shade staged combustion technology, compared with concentrated flame, the high-temperature raw gas direct-current combustor improves the early-stage mixing of high-temperature raw gas fuel and air oxidant in the near field of the direct-current combustor, simultaneously inherits the advantage of late-stage mixing of tangential firing, and the independently controlled high-pressure side wind reverse tangential configuration on the fire facing side also contributes to mixing. Under the favorable condition of realizing the ignition and stable combustion performance, according to the air distribution principle and the combustion principle of a sectional coupling pulverized coal combustion method, the rapid burnout of the oxidizing atmosphere is implemented at the temperature level of 1300 ℃ by scientifically introducing the over-fire air and the over-fire air into the area above the combustor area in the pulverized coal furnace, and the high-efficiency combustion of the raw coke oven gas can be implemented under sufficient conditions;

and (3) cooling: the water cooling and air cooling integrated cooling mode is adopted, the water cooling coil cooling system 11 is used for implementing forced circulating water cooling of the direct-current combustor, and the water cooling coil is protected by implementing soot blowing and air cooling in the process of injecting primary air distribution and central air into the furnace;

load response and low load performance: on the key premise of the absolute ignition and stable combustion principle, the lowest air volume of the central air and the primary air distribution is designed according to the rated load or rated power (25-30)% of the direct-current combustor, and the commercial requirement of (25-30)% low load can be safely and effectively met on the premise of continuously supplying high-temperature raw gas; because the raw coke oven gas is absolutely ignited and stably combusted, the raw coke oven gas can be quickly ignited and stably combusted in a conventional overload range, and compared with direct-current tangential firing of pulverized coal, the direct-current tangential firing of the pulverized coal can obviously accelerate the load, especially the high-load response characteristic;

adaptability of coal types: as long as can be through "a segmentation coupling pulverized coal burner" with coal, living beings and mixture in the quick fluidized bed of preferred low temperature section two whirlpools reform do raw coke oven gas, let in a fire with high temperature raw coke oven gas DC burner, just can realize the coal burning in the high temperature section pulverized coal stove of segmentation coupling pulverized coal burning high-efficiently cleanly, so, the utility model discloses can be applicable to the segmentation coupling burning of extensive coal kind.

The utility model has the beneficial effect of bringing, the utility model discloses a current "segmentation coupling pulverized coal combustion technique" provides a direct current burner who fires high temperature raw coke oven gas, and the fuel is high temperature raw coke oven gas, raw coke oven gas do, by the quick fluidized bed production of preferred two whirlpools, pressure is less than 3MPa, the temperature is 500 ℃ to 980 ℃, only contain the gas-solid two-phase flow that takes semicoke, the coke granule that the granule particle diameter scope is less than 70 microns in the combustible gas, so, the utility model relates to a novel direct current burner of special fuel.

The high-temperature raw coke oven gas direct-current burner for combustion is arranged on a pulverized coal furnace of sectional coupling pulverized coal combustion, the centralized flame of the traditional pulverized coal combustion is reformed into multiple raw coke oven gas diffusion flames which are symmetrically distributed in the circumferential direction, the ignition problem does not exist, namely the direct-current burner absolutely ignites, and the direct-current burner absolutely ignites and stably combusts in the outer boundary layer of a bluff body vortex; in the integral burner region, the fuel-rich low-temperature combustion at the temperature level of 1100 ℃ expands the action space and time of the mechanism for inhibiting the generation of fuel type NOx by reducing atmosphere combustion and can inhibit the generation of thermal type NOx, and diffusion flame catches fire and stably burns in the outer boundary layer of the bluff body vortex, thereby being beneficial to cooling the raw gas flame and preventing high-temperature smoke from flowing back into the bluff body vortex, and being particularly beneficial to inhibiting the generation of thermal type NOx; the theory and structural design of the high-temperature multiple raw gas diffusion flame wrapped by the central air and the primary air distribution and the synergistic configuration of the raw gas diffusion ring, the horizontal shade classification, the downstream side air at the back fire side and the upstream side air at the reverse tangential side improve the high-temperature corrosion resistance and the slagging resistance of the combustor and the water-cooled wall area near the combustor; the raw coke oven gas is used instead of directly using the raw coal powder, so that the abrasion resistance of the burner is improved; the utility model also provides a principle and a method for water cooling and air cooling integrated cooling protection of the direct current burner, the integrated cooling technology of the air cooling and water cooling coil cooling system has no defect of easy leakage of cooling of a conventional water cooling jacket, and can not pollute a water system of cooling water, thereby being safe and reliable and prolonging the service life of the burner; absolute ignition and stable combustion improve the load response capability; the absolute ignition and stable combustion create sufficient favorable conditions for high-efficiency combustion.

To sum up, the utility model discloses based on multiple high temperature raw coke oven gas diffusion flame, bluff body vortex outer boundary layer internal flame surely fire, the thick and thin fuel staged combustion of level, back of the body side concurrent flow side wind, independent control's highly compressed side wind, water-cooling and air cooling of cutting to the reverse tangential circle of side wind of side of the fire side, realized the high-efficient clean direct current burning of raw coke oven gas, have absolutely fire surely fire and surely fire, show that the suppression fuel type and thermal type NOx take place, high-efficient, prevent slagging-off and high temperature corrosion, load response is good, the characteristics of reliable cooling, the utility model is suitable for a segmentation coupling pulverized coal combustion of extensive coal kind.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a direct current burner using high temperature raw gas according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view, partly in section, of FIG. 1 in the direction A-A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the DC burner using high-temperature raw coke oven gas according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view in partial section in the direction B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the multiple diffusion flame generator 12;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the water-cooled coil cooling system 11.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the direct current burner using high-temperature raw coke oven gas according to the present embodiment is described, and comprises a central tube 1, a raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline 2, a concentrated raw coke oven gas pipeline 3, a primary air distribution pipeline 4, a light raw coke oven gas pipeline 5, a fire facing side wall plate 6, a porous concentration grid 7, a split grid 8, a blunt body 9, a raw coke oven gas diffusion ring 10, a water-cooled coil cooling system 11 and a multiple diffusion flame generator 12; the bottom ends of the central pipe 1, the concentrated raw gas pipeline 3, the primary air distribution pipeline 4 and the light raw gas pipeline 5 are communicated; a No. 1 air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the raw gas inlet pipeline 2; the wall surface of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 is provided with a No. 2 air inlet 4-1;

In the direct-current combustor with the first structure, a central pipe 1 is divided into two sections, namely an upper section pipeline and a lower section pipeline, the upper section pipeline is a part extending out of a raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline 2, the lower section pipeline is a part which is positioned in the raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline 2 and continuously penetrates through a separation sealing plate in a centrosymmetric manner with a concentrated raw coke oven gas pipeline 3, and the caliber of the upper section pipeline is far smaller than that of the lower section pipeline; the setting mode is used for controlling the flow speed and the flow of the concentrated raw coke oven gas after concentration separation.

referring to fig. 3 and 4, the embodiment is described, and the direct current burner using high-temperature raw gas in the embodiment comprises a central tube 1, a raw gas inlet pipeline 2, N thick raw gas pipelines 3, a primary air distribution pipeline 4, a light raw gas pipeline 5, a fire facing side wall plate 6, a porous concentration grid 7, a split grid 8, a blunt body 9, a raw gas diffusion ring 10 and a water-cooling coil cooling system 11; the bottom ends of a central pipe 1, N thick crude gas pipelines 3, a primary air distribution pipeline 4 and a light crude gas pipeline 5 are communicated; a No. 1 air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the raw gas inlet pipeline 2; the wall surface of the primary air distribution pipeline 4 is provided with a No. 2 air inlet 4-1; n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

The utility model discloses in raw coke oven gas is that pressure is less than 3MPa, temperature are 500 ℃ to 980 ℃, and the combustible gas only contains the gas-solid two-phase flow of semicoke, the coke granule that take the granule particle size to be less than 70 microns. The porous concentration grid 7 can realize the concentration separation of the raw gas introduced into the raw gas inlet pipeline 2, is used for realizing the horizontal concentration separation of the high-temperature raw gas and implementing the fuel staged combustion of the high-temperature raw gas, and has the performances that the volume flow ratio of the concentrated high-temperature raw gas to the light high-temperature raw gas is 8:2 to 5:5, the resistance loss is not more than 20mmH₂An O column; the equivalent aperture of the vertically arranged holes on the porous concentration grid 7 can be 5mm to 60mm, and the total flow area of the plurality of holes is at least larger than the vertical projection area of the porous concentration grid 7 so as to achieve rapid flow equalization under the minimum flow resistance. The top end of the central tube 1 penetrates through the raw gas inlet pipeline 2, and the bottom end of the central tube is not allowed to extend out of the outlet of the direct-current burner;

when the device is applied, the top end of the light raw gas pipeline 5 arranged on the back fire side is communicated with the separation sealing plate in a sealing mode, the light raw gas pipeline 5 is communicated with the raw gas inlet pipeline 2 and used for injecting light raw gas, the gas shield type is used for preventing the thick high-temperature raw gas particles from scouring the near-field water-cooled wall on the back fire side, meanwhile, the device and the wrapped primary air distribution mixed combustion are used for conducting staged combustion on the combustion of the thick high-temperature raw gas, the reduction of NOx is enhanced, and the emission of NOx is reduced.

The utility model discloses the implementation of back of the body fire side wind passageway is different with the traditional side wind of direct current pulverized coal combustion utilizes special passageway implementation, the utility model discloses back of the body fire side wind passageway is realized through setting up split grating 8 at the vertical direction of the back of the body fire side of 4 exports in one-level air distribution pipeline, simple structure does not influence the realization of side wind function, split grating 8 also has the bluff body function, the main effect is the water conservancy diversion, back of the body fire side wind is concurrent with one-level air distribution, relative tangential combustion is concurrent, the concurrent, for postpone mix, promote local oxidizing atmosphere burning, reduce near water-cooling wall temperature, create oxidizing atmosphere, the gas shield formula prevents that the granule from scouring water-cooling wall, prevent slagging and high temperature corrosion in the back of the body fire side;

the side wind of the fire facing side is reversely arranged in a circle, and the outer side of the side wind is wrapped with main combustion airflow of a forward circle and is reversely mixed with the combustion airflow of the forward circle; the side wind channel is an independent channel constructed by using a primary air distribution pipeline 4 to the side wall surface of the fire for independent control, the top end of the side wind channel is sealed by a separation sealing plate, a No. 3 air inlet is arranged on the side wall plate 6 of the fire, and the included angle A between the spraying direction of the side wind channel of the fire and the water cooling wall of the boiler of the fire side₄The jet flow diffusion angle of the side wind channel is larger than that of the side wind channel at the fire facing side and smaller than (45-alpha), wherein alpha is a jet flow deflection angle of a tangential circle of a secondary air distribution in the boiler, and the side wind at the fire facing side is independently provided by a primary air distribution fan, so that the penetrating power of the side wind jet flow at the fire facing side with independently controlled and higher pressure energy is stronger, a water-cooled wall is protected at the fire facing side, slagging and high-temperature corrosion are prevented, and simultaneously, the jet flow not only can be mixed with fuel, but also can partially dissipate the rotational momentum of tangential circle combustion and improve the temperature deviation of a superheater.

When the direct current combustor of two kinds of structures above specifically uses, at first start water-cooling coil cooling system 11, let in the air to center tube 1, one-level air distribution pipeline 4 and to fire side tuber pipe passageway simultaneously, wherein, let in the air in one-level air distribution pipeline 4, promptly: introducing air into the side wind channel of the backfire; after high-temperature raw gas is introduced into a raw gas inlet pipeline 2 and is divided into thick and thin raw gas flows through a porous concentration grid 7, the thick and thin raw gas flows are respectively introduced into an annular thick raw gas channel and a thin raw gas pipeline 5 which are formed by the outer wall of a central pipe 1 and the inner wall of a thick raw gas pipeline 3 aiming at a direct-current burner with a first structure, thick raw gas and thin raw gas flows are simultaneously introduced into N thick raw gas pipelines 3 and thin raw gas flows are introduced into a thin raw gas pipeline 5 aiming at a direct-current burner with a second structure; the ignition device (such as an oil gun and a high-energy ignition device) which can be put in the central tube 1 is used for igniting a plurality of strands of thick raw gas airflow which is ejected by a multiple diffusion flame generator 12 in a first structural flow burner or N thick raw gas pipelines 3 of a second structural flow burner and is circumferentially and symmetrically distributed until stable strands of thick raw gas flames are formed in an outer boundary layer of a vortex of the bluff body 9, the ignition device is withdrawn, meanwhile, the oxidizing atmosphere of the light raw gas airflow at the back fire side is ignited and stably combusted, NOx possibly generated by the combustion of the thick raw gas is reduced, and the central air is led in through the central tube 1 to actively intervene a backflow vortex of the bluff body 9, so that the ignition and stable combustion positions of the thick raw gas diffusion flames away from a nozzle of the burner can be properly adjusted; the bluff body 9 regulates the radial characteristic dimension of the bluff body vortex, the central wind or the primary wind distribution is adopted, a small part of the wind flows back into the bluff body vortex, the two parts are used for ignition stable combustion and combustion of a plurality of strands of concentrated raw gas under the synergistic effect, multiple diffusion flames of absolute ignition stable combustion are formed, after the concentrated raw gas is ignited, the stable multiple diffusion flames are formed, in the process of developing the concentrated raw gas to the downstream fuel-rich combustion, the raw gas combustion and gasification under the temperature level of 1100 ℃ are implemented in the integral burner region of the pulverized coal furnace by utilizing the timely mixing and cooling of the secondary wind distribution arranged in the boiler by utilizing the conventional technology, after the reduction atmosphere thermochemical conversion at the stage, the carbon conversion rate reaches more than 80 percent, the action space and time of the fuel-rich combustion for reducing the emission mechanism of fuel type NOx are fully expanded, the generation of the fuel type NOx is inhibited, and the raw gas combustion at the temperature of 1100 ℃ relatively low is carried out, The generation of thermal NOx can be fully inhibited; the overfire air and the overfire air are reasonably organized in the oxidizing atmosphere region above the pulverized coal furnace combustion region, and the raw coke oven gas is combusted under sufficient conditions, so that efficient and clean combustion is realized.

In the process of raw coke oven gas combustion, air is continuously introduced into the central tube 1, so that the backflow of smoke is prevented, the central cooling is performed on the direct current burner, and the end surface of the central tube and the surface of the blunt body are prevented from being subjected to slagging and high-temperature corrosion.

When the air distribution device is used, the primary air distribution and the minimum air quantity of the central air are designed according to the rated load of the direct current combustor or the rated power (25-30)% of the direct current combustor.

Under the condition of blowing out, firstly, the raw gas is stopped to be introduced until the raw gas is completely cooled, and then the primary air distribution system and the secondary air distribution system, the central air distribution system and the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 are stopped in sequence.

The water-cooling coil cooling system 11 is cooled and deashed by central air and primary air distribution, and implements the water-cooling and air-cooling comprehensive cooling of the burner to exert respective cooling advantages, thereby reliably realizing the cooling protection of the direct-flow burner.

The utility model discloses a direct current combustor of burning with high temperature raw coke oven gas reforms the concentrated flame of traditional buggy burning, becomes the design of the multiple diffusion flame of circumference axial symmetric distribution, has created the advantage for catching fire steadily in bluff body vortex outer boundary layer, restrain the fuel type especially heating power type NOx takes place, improve combustor and the regional water-cooling wall near combustor prevent slagging scorification and prevent high temperature corrosion performance, improve combustor wearing and tearing, cooling and extension combustor life-span, improve load response ability;

in the integral burner region, the fuel-rich combustion can deeply inhibit the generation of fuel type NOx, the absolute ignition stable combustion and the multiple diffusion flame of the concentrated raw gas in the bluff body vortex outer boundary layer are mixed and cooled in time by adopting secondary air distribution configured by the conventional technology, the low-temperature combustion at the temperature level of 1100 ℃ is implemented, the generation of thermal type NOx can be obviously inhibited, and the horizontal thick-thin staged combustion can reduce various NOx which may occur;

the direct-current burner of the utility model has no ignition problem, expands the coal adaptability, and theoretically, the stable combustion performance of the direct-current burner of the utility model is also absolutely stable combustion because the diffusion flame absolutely stably combusts; horizontal concentration separation, the raw gas diffusion ring 10, co-current concurrent side wind on the back fire side and reverse tangential circular countercurrent side wind on the fire facing side act on the water cooling wall of the area near the direct-current combustor in a synergistic manner, so that slagging and high-temperature corrosion can be effectively prevented; the comprehensive cooling technology of the air-cooling water-cooling coil cooling system 11 has the defects of no water cooling jacket and easy leakage, does not pollute a cooling water system, and is safe and reliable; because the fuel is the raw coke oven gas, compare with direct current buggy burning, the abrasionproof of combustor decreases the performance and obtains improving fundamentally, the direct current combustor of burning high temperature raw coke oven gas more than performance fundamentally for high-efficient clean burning has created the advantage.

It is particularly stated that: the structure and relative position relationship of the central tube 1 and the blunt body 9 in the direct-flow burner of the first structure can also replace the structure and relative position relationship of the central tube 1 and the blunt body 9 in the direct-flow burner of the second structure; or the N concentrated raw coke oven gas pipelines 3 in the direct-current combustor with the second structure can also replace the concentrated raw coke oven gas pipelines 3 and the multiple diffusion flame generator 12 in the direct-current combustor with the first structure; on the contrary, the concentrated raw coke oven gas pipeline 3 and the multiple diffusion flame generator 12 in the direct current burner with the first structure can also replace N concentrated raw coke oven gas pipelines 3 in the direct current burner with the second structure; or the structure and relative position relationship of the central tube 1 and the blunt body 9 in the direct-flow burner with the second structure can also replace the structure and relative position relationship of the central tube 1 and the blunt body 9 in the direct-flow burner with the first structure, thereby forming a third structure and a fourth structure of the direct-flow burner for burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 1 and 3, in the dc burner of the first or second configuration, the split grate 8 has a strip-shaped configuration, and the longitudinal section of the split grate 8 has a triangular shape.

Further, with particular reference to figures 1 and 3, the triangular shape A of the longitudinal section of the splitting grid 8₃The apex angle is 5 ° to 30 °.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 1, in the direct current burner of the first structure, the bottom end of the raw gas diffusion ring 10 is flush with the bottom end of the primary air distribution pipe 4, the bottom end of the raw gas pipe 5 and the bottom end of the fire facing side wall plate 6.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 1 and 3, in the direct-current combustor of the first or second configuration, the bluff body 9The distance between the bottom end face of the raw gas diffusion ring 10 and the bottom end face of the raw gas diffusion ring is H₁(ii) a And H₁(0.2 to 0.5) D1; wherein D1 is the outer diameter of the bluff body 9.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 5, in the direct-current combustor of the first structure, the multiple diffusion flame generator 12 is of an annular structure, and M axial nozzles 12-1 are arranged along a circumferential direction of the annular structure, wherein the M axial nozzles 12-1 are axially symmetrically distributed around an axis of the multiple diffusion flame generator 12, and M is an integer greater than 1.

In the preferred embodiment, the M axial nozzles 12-1 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction enable the concentrated raw gas to be ejected from the axial nozzles 12-1, the concentrated raw gas is reconstructed into a plurality of strands of concentrated raw gas flows, the M concentrated raw gas flows are ignited, and multiple diffusion flames are formed, are convenient to cool, and are one of the keys for realizing absolute stability and thermal NOx inhibition of the raw gas fuel direct-current burner.

Still further, with particular reference to FIG. 5, the radial cross-section of the axial jets 12-1 is of the same or graduated diameter; wherein, the gradual change mode comprises gradual change or gradual change.

In the preferred embodiment, the axial nozzles 12-1 are arranged to be gradually enlarged or reduced in order to accelerate or decelerate the flow of the concentrated raw gas to be injected into the furnace chamber, thereby controlling the injection momentum of the concentrated raw gas.

Still further, and with particular reference to FIG. 5, the radial cross-section of the axial jets 12-1 is tapered or divergent at an included angle of 20 to 70.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 1 and 3, in the direct current burner of the first or second structure, the angle between the porous concentration grid 7 and the inner wall of the raw gas inlet pipe 2 is a₁，A₁Is 20 to 35.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 1 and 3, in the direct current burner of the first or second configuration, the radial section of the raw gas diffusion ring 10 is rectangular, square or circular, and the diffusion angle a of the raw gas diffusion ring 10 is₂Is 15 to 35.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 1 to 4, in the direct-current burner of the first or second structure, the raw gas inlet pipe 2 is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial cross section;

Further, referring specifically to fig. 1, in the direct current burner of the first structure, the direct current burner using high temperature raw gas, the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 comprises 3 sets of water-cooling coils 11-1, wherein,

Further, referring specifically to fig. 3, in the direct current burner of the second structure, the direct current burner using high temperature raw gas, the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 includes three sets of water-cooling coils 11-1, wherein,

Circulating cooling water is introduced into all the water-cooling coils 11-1 and is used for carrying out cooling water forced circulation cooling protection on the pipelines forming the passages of the thick and light raw gas.

All water-cooled coil pipes 11-1 of the utility model are made of heat-resistant and pressure-resistant materials such as 15CrMo, and other parts of the direct-current combustor burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas can be made of aluminum oxide iron alloy, HAYNES 188 alloy or heat-resistant steel.

In the first and second direct-current burner structures, all the water-cooling coils 11-1 are cooled and deashed by central air or/and primary air distribution respectively, so that the water-cooling and air-cooling comprehensive cooling of the burner is implemented to exert respective cooling advantages, and the cooling protection of the burner is reliably realized.

For a particular application, all of the water-cooled coils 11-1 may be in a multi-layer staggered configuration in the radial direction, preferably in a single-layer configuration.

Further, referring specifically to fig. 6, in the direct current burner of the first or second structure, the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 further includes a valve 11-2 located outside the burner, a water inlet pipeline 11-3, a down pipe 11-4, a high-pressure circulating pump 11-5, and a water return pipeline 11-6;

the valve 11-2 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 11-3;

Further, the water-cooled coil cooling system 11 is operated at a pressure slightly higher than the furnace pressure.

In the preferred embodiment, the operating pressure of the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 is set to be slightly higher than the furnace pressure, in order to prevent the cooling water of the water-cooling coil cooling system 11 from being contaminated due to accidental leakage.

Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. The direct current burner for burning high-temperature raw gas is characterized by comprising a central tube (1), a raw gas inlet pipeline (2), a concentrated raw gas pipeline (3), a primary air distribution pipeline (4), a light raw gas pipeline (5), a fire facing side wall plate (6), a porous concentration grid (7), a split grid (8), a blunt body (9), a raw gas diffusion ring (10), a water-cooling coil cooling system (11) and a multiple diffusion flame generator (12); the bottom ends of the central pipe (1), the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3), the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and the light raw gas pipeline (5) are communicated; a No. 1 air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the raw gas inlet pipeline (2); the wall surface of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) is provided with a No. 2 air inlet (4-1);

the central pipe (1) and the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3) are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, the bottom ends of the central pipe and the concentrated raw gas pipeline are flush, and an annular channel is formed between the central pipe (1) and the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3); a raw gas diffusion ring (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3), and a primary air distribution pipeline (4) is sleeved outside the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3); the light raw gas pipeline (5) is arranged in an annular channel formed between the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3) and the primary air distribution pipeline (4), the light raw gas pipeline (5) is close to the back fire side of the boiler, and the axis of the light raw gas pipeline (5) is parallel to the axis of the primary air distribution pipeline (4); the top end of the light raw gas pipeline (5) is communicated with the raw gas inlet pipeline (2);

the top end of the central tube (1) extends out of the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3), the raw gas inlet pipeline (2) is positioned above the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3) and sleeved outside the central tube (1), and the top end of the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3) is communicated with the raw gas inlet pipeline (2); meanwhile, the central pipe (1) is divided into two sections which are respectively an upper section pipeline and a lower section pipeline, the upper section pipeline is a part extending out of the raw gas inlet pipeline (2), the lower section pipeline is a part positioned in the raw gas inlet pipeline (2) and the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3), and the caliber of the upper section pipeline is far smaller than that of the lower section pipeline;

the top end of the raw gas inlet pipeline (2) is sealed, the bottom end of the raw gas inlet pipeline (2) is fixedly connected with the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) through a No. 1 flange plate, and the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) is sealed through a sealing plate;

the porous concentration grid (7) is of a flat plate or curved plate structure, a through hole is formed in the plate, one end of the porous concentration grid (7) is fixed on the inner wall of the crude gas inlet pipeline (2), the other end of the porous concentration grid is fixed on a sealing plate at the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline (4), and the light crude gas pipeline (5) is located right below the porous concentration grid (7);

the split grid (8) is arranged in a channel between the light raw gas pipeline (5) and the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and is used for shunting gas in the channel and dividing the gas into two parts, wherein one part of the gas is used for supporting combustion, the other part of the gas is used for cooling a water-cooled wall on the back fire side of the boiler, preventing slag formation and high-temperature corrosion, and the channel where the other part of the gas is located is used as a side air channel on the back fire side;

the blunt body (9) is fixed on the inner wall of the bottom of the central tube (1) through a connecting piece, the multiple diffusion flame generator (12) is embedded in an annular channel formed between the central tube (1) and the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3), and the bottom end of the multiple diffusion flame generator (12) is flush with the bottom end of the central tube (1) and the bottom end of the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3);

the fire facing side wall plate (6), part of the side wall of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and a first flange plate at the top end of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) surround a fire facing side air channel; the fire facing side wall plate (6) is provided with a No. 3 air inlet, and the No. 3 air inlet is used as an air inlet of a fire facing side air channel;

the bottom end of the fire side air channel is provided with a guide pipe (6-1), and the guide pipe (6-1) is used for leading out gas in the fire side air channel and then cooling, preventing slagging and corroding the water-cooled wall of the fire side boiler at high temperature;

the bottom end of the fire side air channel is also communicated with the bottom end of the primary air distribution pipeline (4);

and the water-cooling coil cooling system (11) is used for cooling the central pipe (1), the thick raw gas pipeline (3) and the light raw gas pipeline (5).

2. The direct-current combustor burning high-temperature raw gas is characterized by comprising a central pipe (1), a raw gas inlet pipeline (2), N thick raw gas pipelines (3), a primary air distribution pipeline (4), a light raw gas pipeline (5), a fire facing side wall plate (6), a porous concentration grid (7), a split grid (8), a blunt body (9), a raw gas diffusion ring (10) and a water-cooling coil cooling system (11); the bottom ends of the central pipe (1), the N thick crude gas pipelines (3), the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and the light crude gas pipeline (5) are communicated; a No. 1 air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the raw gas inlet pipeline (2); the wall surface of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) is provided with a No. 2 air inlet (4-1); n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

the central pipe (1) and the primary air distribution pipeline (4) are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, an annular channel is formed between the central pipe (1) and the primary air distribution pipeline (4), and the N concentrated raw gas pipelines (3) are axially symmetrically distributed around the axis of the central pipe (1); the bottom ends of the N concentrated raw gas pipelines (3) are parallel and level, the raw gas diffusion ring (10) is arranged at the bottom ends of the N concentrated raw gas pipelines (3), and the N concentrated raw gas pipelines (3) are communicated with the raw gas diffusion ring (10);

the light raw gas pipeline (5) is arranged in the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and outside the N thick raw gas pipelines (3), the axis of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) is parallel to the axis of the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and the axes of the N thick raw gas pipelines (3), the light raw gas pipeline (5) is close to the back fire side of the boiler, and the top end of the light raw gas pipeline (5) is communicated with the raw gas inlet pipeline (2);

a primary air distribution pipeline (4) extends out of the top end of the central pipe (1), the crude gas inlet pipeline (2) is positioned above the N concentrated crude gas pipelines (3) and the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and sleeved outside the central pipe (1), and the top ends of the N concentrated crude gas pipelines (3) are communicated with the crude gas inlet pipeline (2);

the split grating (8) is arranged in a channel between the light raw gas pipeline (5) and the primary air distribution pipeline (4) and is used for shunting gas in the channel and dividing the gas into two parts, wherein one part of the gas is used for supporting combustion, and the other part of the gas is used for cooling, preventing slag formation and high-temperature corrosion of a water-cooled wall on the back fire side of the boiler; and the channel where the other part of gas is located is used as a backfire side wind channel;

the bluff body (9) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the bottom of the central tube (1);

3. The direct current burner using high temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the splitting grid (8) is a strip structure, and the longitudinal section of the splitting grid (8) is triangular.

4. The direct current burner using high temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring (10) is flush with the bottom end of the primary air distribution pipe (4), the bottom end of the light raw coke oven gas pipe (5) and the bottom end of the fire facing side wall plate (6).

5. The direct current burner using high temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance between the bottom end face of the bluff body (9) and the bottom end face of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring (10) is H₁(ii) a And H₁(0.2 to 0.5) D1; wherein D1 is the outer diameter of the bluff body (9).

6. The direct current burner using high-temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multiple diffusion flame generator (12) is of an annular structure, and M axial nozzles (12-1) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular structure, wherein the M axial nozzles (12-1) are axially symmetrically distributed around the axis of the multiple diffusion flame generator (12), and M is an integer greater than 1.

7. The direct current burner using high temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 6, wherein the diameter of the radial section of the axial nozzle (12-1) is the same or gradually changed; wherein, the gradual change mode comprises gradual change or gradual change.

8. The high-temperature raw coke oven gas-fired direct current burner as claimed in claim 7, wherein the radial section of the axial nozzle (12-1) is tapered or divergent at an angle of 20 ° to 70 °.

9. The direct current burner using high temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the angle between the porous concentration grid (7) and the inner wall of the raw coke oven gas inlet pipe (2) is A₁，A₁Is 20 to 35.

10. The direct current burner burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the radial cross section of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring (10) is rectangular, square or circular, and the diffusion angle A of the raw coke oven gas diffusion ring (10)₂Is 15 to 35.

11. The direct current burner with high temperature raw gas as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the splitting grid (8) has a triangular A in longitudinal section₃The apex angle is 5 ° to 30 °.

12. The direct current burner burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline (2) is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial section;

the central pipe (1) is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial section;

the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3) is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial section;

the light raw gas pipeline (5) is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or multiple circular radial sections;

the primary air distribution pipeline (4) is a straight pipe with a rectangular, square or circular radial section.

13. The direct current burner burning high temperature raw gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-cooled coil cooling system (11) comprises 3 sets of water-cooled coils (11-1), wherein,

a first group of water-cooling coils (11-1) are coiled on the inner wall of the central pipe (1), a second group of water-cooling coils (11-1) are coiled on the outer side wall of the concentrated raw gas pipeline (3), and a third group of water-cooling coils (11-1) are coiled on the outer side wall of the light raw gas pipeline (5);

circulating cooling water is introduced into the 3 groups of water-cooling coils (11-1) and is used for cooling and protecting the central pipe (1), the thick raw gas pipeline (3) and the light raw gas pipeline (5).

14. The direct current burner burning high temperature raw gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water-cooled coil cooling system (11) comprises three sets of water-cooled coils (11-1), wherein,

the N concentrated raw gas pipelines (3) are encircled to form an annular structure, and the first group of water-cooling coil pipes (11-1) are coiled on the inner wall of the annular structure encircled by the N concentrated raw gas pipelines (3); the second group of water-cooling coil pipes (11-1) are coiled on the outer wall of the annular structure surrounded by the N concentrated raw gas pipelines (3);

the third group of water-cooling coil pipes (11-1) are coiled on the outer wall of the raw and light gas pipeline (5);

circulating cooling water is introduced into the 3 groups of water-cooling coils (11-1) and is used for cooling and protecting the N thick raw gas pipelines (3) and the light raw gas pipelines (5).

15. The once-through combustor burning high-temperature raw coke oven gas as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the water-cooled coil cooling system (11) further comprises a valve (11-2) located outside the combustor, a water inlet pipeline (11-3), a downcomer (11-4), a high-pressure circulating pump (11-5) and a water return pipeline (11-6);

the downcomer (11-4) is simultaneously communicated with the water inlets of the three groups of water-cooling coils (11-1) through a water inlet pipeline (11-3), and the downcomer (11-4) is simultaneously communicated with the water return ports of the three groups of water-cooling coils (11-1) through a water return pipeline (11-6);

the valve (11-2) is arranged on the water inlet pipeline (11-3);

the high-pressure circulating pump (11-5) is arranged on the water return pipeline (11-6) and is used for pumping water in the water-cooling coil pipe (11-1) back to the downcomer (11-4).