CN214247557U

CN214247557U - Oil injection pump of air-cooled diesel engine

Info

Publication number: CN214247557U
Application number: CN202022938681.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴宝龙; 朱聿琦; 侯宝军; 沈振飞; 张会武; 霍大钧; 李伟
Original assignee: Shaanxi North Dynamic Co ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi North Dynamic Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-10
Filing date: 2020-12-10
Publication date: 2021-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-10

Abstract

The application discloses an oil injection pump of an air-cooled diesel engine, which relates to the technical field of diesel engines and solves the problem that the rotating speed fluctuation range of the diesel engine is large due to the fact that the precision of a plunger matching part of a common mechanical oil injection pump is not high, and the oil quantity of each cylinder of the oil injection pump is not uniform in the same air-cooled diesel engine oil injection pump; the application comprises a plurality of oil injection units; the oil injection unit comprises a plunger and a plunger sleeve, and a plunger cavity for the plunger to move up and down is arranged in the plunger sleeve; the size of the clearance between the plunger and the plunger sleeve is divided into two stages; and on the same fuel injection pump assembly, the size of the gap between the plunger and the plunger sleeve of each fuel injection unit belongs to the same level. This application makes the plunger of oil spout unit and the clearance between the plunger bushing have had more meticulous division, and the less plunger clearance can reduce the leakage, improves the efficiency of oil spout unit fuel feeding for the rotational speed of diesel engine is more stable, can reduce the rotational speed fluctuation range of diesel engine on the whole.

Description

Oil injection pump of air-cooled diesel engine

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of diesel engines, in particular to an oil injection pump of an air-cooled diesel engine.

Background

With the rapid development of the automobile and engine industry, the application range of the engine is continuously expanded, and more equipment not only requires the engine to meet the power requirement of the vehicle, but also needs to meet the power generation requirement of the parking power takeoff of the vehicle.

The reliability of the operation of diesel engines, which are the main power sources of automobiles, depends to a large extent on the reliability of the injection pumps. In recent years, due to the diversity of combustion substances, there have been increasing demands for the structural performance of diesel engines.

In order to realize the parking power taking and power generating capacity of the air-cooled diesel engine, a mechanical fuel injection pump capable of meeting the power taking and power generating requirements needs to be matched, particularly, the rotating speed fluctuation rate of the fuel injection pump at a certain rotating speed is strictly controlled, and due to the fact that the precision of a plunger matching part of a common mechanical fuel injection pump is not high, the oil quantity of each cylinder of the fuel injection pump of the air-cooled diesel engine is not uniform, the rotating speed fluctuation range of the diesel engine is large, and the power requirements of a chassis and the power taking and power generating requirements cannot be met at the same time.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an air-cooled diesel engine injection pump, has solved among the prior art plunger and barrel spare precision not high, and the inhomogeneous problem of each jar oil mass of injection pump has realized the rotational speed fluctuation rate of control diesel engine, can satisfy the power takeoff power generation requirement when parking.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump, including a plurality of fuel injection units; the oil injection unit comprises a plunger and a plunger sleeve, and a plunger cavity for the plunger to move up and down is arranged in the plunger sleeve; the size of the gap between the plunger and the plunger sleeve is divided into two stages.

On the same oil injection pump of the air-cooled diesel engine, the size of the gap between the plunger and the plunger sleeve of each oil injection unit belongs to the same level.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the size of the gap between the plunger and the plunger sleeve is divided into two stages, namely 0.0020 mm to 0.0028mm and 0.0028mm to 0.0035 mm.

In a possible implementation manner, a radial oil hole is formed in the plunger sleeve and is communicated with the plunger cavity and a low-pressure oil passage outside the plunger sleeve; the plunger is further provided with a straight groove and a chute, the straight groove is axially arranged from the top of the plunger, and the chute is communicated with the straight groove.

In a possible implementation manner, the plunger is further connected with an adjusting arm, one end of the adjusting arm is connected with a ring-shaped structure, the ring-shaped structure is connected around the plunger, and the other end of the adjusting arm is connected with a first hinge rod inclining downwards.

The first hinged rod is further connected with a second hinged rod, and the second hinged rod is connected with the speed regulator.

In a possible implementation manner, a flyweight is arranged inside the speed regulator, and the speed regulator further comprises a second cam shaft perpendicular to and connected with the flyweight, wherein the flyweight moves up and down under the rotation action of the second cam shaft.

And the two axial ends of the side part of the flyweight are also connected with third hinged rods, the third hinged rods are also connected with fourth hinged rods, and the fourth hinged rods are hinged on the surfaces of the second hinged rods.

In a possible implementation manner, a speed regulating spring is further arranged between the second hinged rod and the speed regulator, and the speed regulating spring is perpendicular to the flyweight.

In a possible realization mode, the upper end of the plunger cavity is provided with an oil outlet valve, and the bottom of the oil outlet valve is provided with an oil outlet valve seat.

In a possible implementation mode, the plunger mechanism further comprises a first cam shaft, the bottom of the plunger is connected with a roller, and the first cam shaft and the roller rotate to drive the plunger to move up and down.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an in one or more technical scheme, following technological effect or advantage have at least:

1. the embodiment of the utility model provides a divide into the two-stage scope with the clearance between plunger and the plunger bushing, on same air-cooled diesel engine injection pump, all the plunger of oil spout unit and the clearance between the plunger bushing all belong to same one-level, every oil spout unit fuel injection quantity is even, and this kind divides into the mode of two-stage, can be so that the clearance between the plunger of oil spout unit and the plunger bushing has more meticulous division, dimensional tolerance is more accurate, littleer plunger clearance can reduce and leak, improve the efficiency of oil spout unit fuel feeding, make the rotational speed of diesel engine more stable, can reduce the rotational speed fluctuation range of diesel engine on the whole.

2. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in speed regulator and second hinge bar are equipped with speed regulating spring, and perpendicular between speed regulating spring and the flyweight, the straightness precision of hanging down of speed regulating spring is 0.65mm, and when the flyweight motion, the up-and-down motion of flyweight can make the second hinge bar direction of motion at speed regulating spring place more accurate, from the fuel feeding of better control oil spout unit.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil injection pump of an air-cooled diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an oil injection unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a rotation structure of an adjusting plunger according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals: 1-an oil injection unit; 2-a plunger; 21-straight groove; 22-a chute; 3-plunger sleeve; 4-an oil outlet valve; 5-oil outlet valve seat; 6-radial oil holes; 7-outlet valve spring; 8-oil outlet valve pressing seat; 9-plunger spring; 10-a roller; 11-a first camshaft; 12-an adjustment arm; 13-a first articulated lever; 14-a second articulation bar; 15-speed regulating spring; 16-a speed governor; 161-flyweight; 162-a second camshaft; 163-fourth hinge lever; 164-third hinge bar.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an oil injection pump of an air-cooled diesel engine, including a plurality of oil injection units 1, where each oil injection unit 1 includes a plunger 2 and a plunger sleeve 3, and a plunger cavity for the plunger 2 to move up and down is provided in the plunger sleeve 3; the size of the gap between the plunger 2 and the plunger sleeve 3 is divided into two stages; on the same air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump, the size of the gap between the plunger 2 and the plunger sleeve 3 of each fuel injection unit 1 belongs to the same level.

Through the above scheme, the clearance between the plunger 2 of oil spout unit 1 and the plunger bushing 3 all belongs to same one-level, every oil spout unit 1 on same air-cooled diesel engine injection pump can the oil spout volume even, and this kind of mode of dividing into two-stage, can make the clearance between plunger 2 of oil spout unit 1 and the plunger bushing 3 have had more meticulous division, dimensional tolerance is more accurate, less clearance can reduce the leakage, improve the efficiency of oil spout unit 1 fuel feeding, make the rotational speed of diesel engine more stable, can reduce the rotational speed fluctuation range of diesel engine on the whole.

The size of the gap between the plunger 2 and the plunger sleeve 3 is divided into two stages of 0.0020-0.0028 mm and 0.0028-0.0035 mm. The more meticulous division in plunger 2 and plunger bushing 3 clearance for oil spout unit 1 on the air-cooled diesel engine injection pump can select the meticulous degree of arbitrary rank according to particular case, and the clearance between plunger 2 and the plunger bushing 3 is the less, and the condition of revealing is less, and oil feeding efficiency of oil spout unit 1 is higher.

Continuing to refer to fig. 2, the plunger sleeve 3 is provided with a radial oil hole 6, and the radial oil hole 6 is communicated with the plunger cavity and is also communicated with a low-pressure oil passage outside the plunger sleeve 3.

The plunger 2 is also provided with a straight groove 21 and a chute 22, the straight groove 21 is axially arranged from the top of the plunger 2, and the chute 22 is communicated with the straight groove 21.

Through the scheme, when the plunger 2 moves from bottom to top, the plunger 2 divides the plunger cavity into an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity, the upper oil cavity is connected with the lower oil cavity through the straight groove 21, before the top surface of the plunger 2 does not reach the radial oil hole 6, the volume of the upper oil cavity is reduced due to the upward movement of the plunger 2, the pressure of oil is increased, the pressure difference is generated, fuel oil flows into an external low-pressure oil channel through the radial oil hole 6, along with the continuous upward movement of the plunger 2, after the radial oil hole 6 is sealed by the top surface of the plunger 2, the upper oil cavity and the lower oil cavity of the plunger 2 are sealed (figure 2 shows that the radial oil hole 6 is sealed by the plunger 2 at the moment), the fuel oil in the plunger cavity is compressed by the plunger 2 at the moment, when the pressure reaches a certain value, the fuel oil is sprayed out through the upper part of the plunger cavity, when the plunger 2 moves upwards continuously, and when the inclined groove 22 corresponds to the radial oil hole 6, the fuel oil hole is compressed by the upward movement of the plunger 2 before the plunger cavity, pressure difference exists, so high-pressure fuel oil flows back to the low-pressure oil passage through the radial oil hole 6, and at the moment, the fuel oil cannot be conveyed outwards; when the plunger 2 moves downwards, before the plunger 2 seals the radial oil hole 6, the plunger 2 moves downwards, the volume in the cavity of the plunger 2 is increased, fuel oil of the low-pressure oil channel on the outer side can enter the cavity of the plunger through the radial oil hole 6, the plunger 2 continues to move downwards along with the plunger 2, when the chute 22 of the plunger 2 exceeds the radial oil hole 6, the plunger 2 blocks the radial oil hole 6, the upper oil cavity and the lower oil cavity are sealed again at the moment, the plunger 2 moves downwards, the volume in the cavity of the plunger is increased, the pressure is reduced, at the moment, the plunger 2 continues to move downwards, when the top surface of the plunger 2 exposes the radial oil hole 6, due to the increase in volume, the pressure in the inner part is reduced, and the fuel oil of the low-pressure oil channel on the outer side flows into the cavity of the plunger under the action of pressure difference, and the oil inlet process is achieved.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the plunger 2 is further connected with an adjusting arm 12, one end of the adjusting arm 12 is connected with a ring-shaped structure, the ring-shaped structure is connected around the plunger 2, and the other end of the adjusting arm 12 is connected with a first hinge rod 13 inclining downwards; the first hinge lever 13 is also connected to a second hinge lever 14, and the second hinge lever 14 is connected to a speed governor 16.

Because the oil inlet and the oil outlet are related to whether the positions of the straight groove 21 and the inclined groove 22 are aligned with the radial oil hole 6 or not when the plunger 2 moves up and down, the oil inlet and the oil outlet processes of the oil injection unit 1 can be controlled by rotating the plunger 2. At this moment, it can realize straight flute 21 to drive plunger 2 through regulating arm 12 and rotate a little, radial oilhole 6 is aimed at to chute 22, the removal that specifically drives first hinge arm 13 through second hinge arm 14 drives the removal, thereby drive the removal of regulating arm 12, drive the rotation of plunger 2, for the convenience of regulating arm 12 drives the rotation of plunger 2, be equipped with the engaging lug on the cyclic annular structure, the engaging lug setting is in the place ahead position of plunger 2, regulating arm 12 drives the engaging lug rotation, and then can drive plunger 2 rotatory at the place ahead position of plunger 2.

Continuing to refer to fig. 3, the governor 16 is provided with a flyweight 161 therein, and further includes a second cam shaft 162 perpendicular to and connected to the flyweight 161, and the flyweight 161 moves up and down by the rotation of the second cam shaft 162; the axial ends of the side of the flyweight 161 are further connected to a third hinge rod 164, the third hinge rod 164 is further connected to a fourth hinge rod 163, and the fourth hinge rod 163 is hinged to the surface of the second hinge rod 14.

Springs may be provided at both ends of the flyweight 161 away from the second cam shaft 162, so that the flyweight 161 moves up and down by the centrifugal force when the second cam shaft 162 rotates; the up-and-down movement of the flyweight 161 can drive the third hinge rod 164 and the fourth hinge rod 163 to move, when the flyweight 161 moves downwards, the third hinge rod 164 moves downwards to drive the fourth hinge rod 163 to move towards the lower left side in fig. 3, so as to drive the second hinge rod 14 to move towards the left side, at this time, the first hinge rod 13 also moves towards the left side to drive the adjusting arm 12 to move towards the right side, at this time, the adjusting arm 12 drives the plunger 2 to rotate, and whether the straight groove 21 and the inclined groove 22 are aligned with the radial oil hole 6 or not and the time for aligning with the radial oil hole 6 are controlled, so as to control the oil outlet amount and the oil inlet amount.

A speed regulating spring 15 is also arranged between the second hinged rod 14 and the speed regulator 16, and the speed regulating spring 15 is perpendicular to the flyweight 161. The speed regulating spring 15 and the flyweight 161 are perpendicular to each other, the verticality precision of the speed regulating spring 15 is 0.65mm, when the flyweight 161 moves, the up-and-down movement of the flyweight 161 can enable the movement direction of the second hinge rod 14 where the speed regulating spring 15 is located to be more accurate, the movement of the adjusting arm 12 enables the rotation direction of the plunger 2 to be more accurately controlled, and the oil supply of the oil injection unit 1 is better controlled.

The upper end of the plunger cavity is provided with an oil outlet valve 4, and the bottom of the oil outlet valve 4 is provided with an oil outlet valve seat 5. When the plunger 2 moves up and down, the pressure of the lower oil cavity is possibly smaller than that of the upper oil cavity, so that the phenomenon of fuel backflow can occur when oil is injected to the upper part of the plunger cavity, and therefore the fuel can be only injected from bottom to top under the control of the oil outlet valve 4, and the fuel backflow is avoided.

The upper end of the oil outlet valve 4 is also provided with an oil outlet valve spring 7 and an oil outlet valve compression seat 8, the oil outlet valve spring 7 has certain buffer effect, and the oil outlet valve compression seat 8 prevents the pressure below the plunger cavity from being too large to cause large impact force on the oil outlet valve 4.

This embodiment still includes first camshaft 11, and gyro wheel 10 is connected to the bottom of plunger 2, and the rotation of first camshaft 11 and gyro wheel 10 drives plunger 2 and reciprocates, and the bottom of plunger 2 still is equipped with plunger spring 9, provides the cushion effect for reciprocating of plunger 2.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump is characterized by comprising a plurality of fuel injection units (1);

the oil injection unit (1) comprises a plunger (2) and a plunger sleeve (3), and a plunger cavity for the plunger (2) to move up and down is formed in the plunger sleeve (3); the size of a gap between the plunger (2) and the plunger sleeve (3) is divided into two stages;

on the same oil injection pump of the air-cooled diesel engine, the size of the gap between the plunger (2) and the plunger sleeve (3) of each oil injection unit (1) belongs to the same level.

2. The air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump of claim 1, characterized in that the size of the clearance between the plunger (2) and the plunger sleeve (3) is divided into two stages of 0.0020-0.0028 mm and 0.0028-0.0035 mm.

3. The air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump of claim 1, characterized in that the plunger sleeve (3) is provided with a radial oil hole (6), and the radial oil hole (6) is communicated with the plunger cavity and a low-pressure oil passage outside the plunger sleeve (3);

still be equipped with straight flute (21) and chute (22) on plunger (2), straight flute (21) are followed the top axial of plunger (2) sets up, chute (22) with straight flute (21) intercommunication.

4. The air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump of claim 1, characterized in that the plunger (2) is further connected with an adjusting arm (12), one end of the adjusting arm (12) is connected with a ring structure, the ring structure is connected around the plunger (2), and the other end of the adjusting arm (12) is connected with a first hinge rod (13) inclining downwards;

the first hinged rod (13) is also connected with a second hinged rod (14), and the second hinged rod (14) is connected with a speed regulator (16).

5. The air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump of claim 4, characterized in that the governor (16) is internally provided with a flyweight (161), and further comprises a second cam shaft (162) which is perpendicular to and connected with the flyweight (161), and the flyweight (161) moves up and down under the rotation action of the second cam shaft (162);

and the two axial ends of the side part of the flyweight (161) are also connected with a third hinge rod (164), the third hinge rod (164) is also connected with a fourth hinge rod (163), and the fourth hinge rod (163) is hinged on the surface of the second hinge rod (14).

6. The air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump of claim 5, characterized in that a speed regulating spring (15) is further arranged between the second hinged rod (14) and the speed regulator (16), the speed regulating spring (15) is perpendicular to the flyweight (161), and the verticality precision of the speed regulating spring (15) is 0.65 mm.

7. The air-cooled diesel engine oil injection pump of claim 1, characterized in that, the upper end of the plunger cavity is provided with an oil outlet valve (4), and the bottom of the oil outlet valve (4) is provided with an oil outlet valve seat (5).

8. The air-cooled diesel engine fuel injection pump of claim 1, further comprising a first cam shaft (11), wherein a roller (10) is connected to the bottom of the plunger (2), and the rotation of the first cam shaft (11) and the roller (10) drives the plunger (2) to move up and down.