CN214236285U - Atmosphere SLM (selective laser melting) -based device for in-situ synthesis of digital material - Google Patents
Atmosphere SLM (selective laser melting) -based device for in-situ synthesis of digital material Download PDFInfo
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- CN214236285U CN214236285U CN202022817532.8U CN202022817532U CN214236285U CN 214236285 U CN214236285 U CN 214236285U CN 202022817532 U CN202022817532 U CN 202022817532U CN 214236285 U CN214236285 U CN 214236285U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for in-situ synthesis of digital materials based on atmosphere SLM; the device comprises a sealed forming chamber, a scanning galvanometer for controlling laser beams, an active gas flowmeter, an active gas concentration measuring instrument, an oxygen content measuring instrument, a forming substrate, an active gas inlet and outlet and a control gas valve thereon for participating in-situ synthesis reaction, an inert shielding gas-argon gas inlet and outlet and a control gas valve thereon. The utility model discloses select the melting forming process of laser district and select the district with laser to melt the normal position synthesis process and go on in turn each other, through melting the normal position synthesis process in the district at laser and let in active gas to the forming chamber, make the inside specific position of shaping part take place the synthetic reaction of laser normal position to the metal ceramic reinforcing particle that makes the generation distributes according to predetermined shape structure inside the part, finally obtains the inside digital material that has specific shape and strengthen the structure of part.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a laser election district melts shaping technical field, especially relates to a device based on synthetic digital material of atmosphere SLM normal position.
Background
The laser in-situ synthesis technology is a new material manufacturing technology for directly generating ideal enhanced phase particles by chemical reactions between simple substances, between simple substances and compounds or between compounds and compounds under the heating action of high-energy laser. The new material synthesized by the technology has the characteristic of fine and compact tissue, the interface between the reinforcing phase and the matrix is clean and has no impurity precipitation, and the reinforcing phase and the matrix are directly connected together in an interatomic combination mode, so that the mechanical property and the thermal stability of the synthetic material are obviously improved.
The common form of the existing laser in-situ synthesis technology is that the new material is fused and synthesized in situ in a selective laser area, reactant particles are generally uniformly mixed in a matrix in the process, then the mixture is subjected to layer-by-layer addition molding in selective laser area fusion molding equipment according to the part information of a three-dimensional model, reactants react under the high-energy heating of laser to generate a ceramic or intermetallic compound reinforcing phase, and the reinforcing phase is tightly combined with the matrix material and is uniformly dispersed and distributed to form a new material product with excellent performance.
However, the method for melting the new material synthesized in situ in the selective laser region can only regulate and control the performance of the new material by regulating the proportion of reactants and other conditions, is commonly used for forming parts with uniformly distributed reinforced phases and same overall performance, and cannot regulate and control the proportion, position distribution and the like of the generated reinforced phases in real time in the forming process, which is difficult for forming the novel digital material with the reinforced phases generated according to the preset proportion and distribution.
Researches have proposed that active gases such as nitrogen or propane and the like can generate multi-phase chemical reaction with simple substance metal powder or alloy powder under the action of high-energy laser, so as to synthesize metal/ceramic reinforced particles. Therefore, under the atmosphere of active gas (nitrogen, propane and the like), the specific simple substance metal powder or alloy powder can selectively synthesize a metal/ceramic reinforced phase in the part by adopting a selective laser melting technology, and the quantity, the proportion and the like of the metal ceramic reinforced particles generated in the forming process can be conveniently regulated and controlled, so that a new way for manufacturing the digital material is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome above-mentioned prior art's shortcoming and not enough, provide a device based on atmosphere SLM synthetic digital material of normal position. The method solves the problem that the limitation of the proportion, the position distribution and the like of generated metal/ceramic reinforced particles can not be realized in real time in the process of melting a new in-situ synthesis material in a selective laser area, can conveniently regulate and control the quantity, the proportion and the like of the synthesized metal/ceramic reinforced particles by regulating and controlling the active gas atmosphere and the laser selectivity in real time in the forming process to generate an in-situ synthesis reaction, and can ensure that the metal/ceramic reinforced particles are selectively distributed in the part according to a preset shape, thereby realizing a new way for manufacturing the digital material.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
a device for in-situ synthesis of digital materials based on an atmosphere SLM (selective laser melting) comprises a sealed forming chamber 4, a scanning galvanometer 2 for controlling a laser beam 3 and a forming substrate 10; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises an active gas inlet 6 and an active gas outlet 13 which participate in the in-situ synthesis reaction, and an argon gas inlet 8 and an argon gas outlet 15;
the argon inlet 8 is positioned on the lower side wall of one side of the forming chamber 4, and the argon outlet 15 is positioned on the upper side wall of the other side of the forming chamber 4; since argon has a larger relative molecular mass than air, that is, argon is heavier than air, the above arrangement is advantageous in quickly discharging the air and the like in the molding chamber out of the molding chamber.
The active gas inlet 6 is located at the upper side wall of one side of the forming chamber 4, and the active gas outlet 13 is located at the lower side wall of the other side of the forming chamber 4.
An oxygen content measuring instrument 1 for detecting the oxygen content in the forming chamber and ensuring the indoor anaerobic environment and an active gas concentration measuring instrument 17 for detecting the active gas content in the forming chamber are arranged in the sealed forming chamber 4;
the active gas inlet 6 is provided with an active gas flow meter 5 for detecting the flow rate of the active gas flowing into the molding chamber and an active gas inlet valve 7 for adjusting the inlet flow rate of the active gas; the active gas outlet 13 is provided with an active gas outlet valve 14 for adjusting the outlet flow of the active gas. They are used for adjusting and monitoring the proportion, concentration and the like of active gas in the forming chamber;
the argon inlet 8 is provided with an argon inlet valve 9 for adjusting inlet flow, and the argon outlet 15 is provided with an argon outlet valve 16 for adjusting outlet flow. They are used to ensure the oxygen-free environment in the forming chamber when the selective laser melting forming is carried out.
A method for in-situ synthesis of a digitized material based on an atmospheric SLM comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the attribute requirements of the parts, respectively carrying out slicing processing on the selective laser melting forming part model not containing the enhancement phase and the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis part model containing the enhancement phase, thereby respectively obtaining two groups of data, namely selective laser melting forming data 12 and selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data;
the two groups of data are combined together to form a complete digital material part 11, and then the data are led into a selective laser melting molding equipment system; the forming process of the digital material part 11 comprises a selective laser melting forming process and a selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process;
in the selective laser melting and forming process, inert gas (argon) is used as protective gas, and the selective laser melting and forming part which does not contain the reinforcing phase is selective laser melting and forming data 12; in the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process, active gas is used as reaction atmosphere for in-situ synthesis in a forming chamber, inert gas (argon) is used as auxiliary atmosphere, and the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis part containing an enhanced phase is selective laser in-situ synthesis data;
step two: firstly, in the selective laser melting and forming process, according to selective laser melting and forming data 12 of the part, in a forming chamber filled with inert protective gas (argon), an entity in a designated area is melted and formed through the selective laser melting and forming, so as to complete the entity area forming operation of generating metal/ceramic reinforced particles without in-situ synthesis reaction of the entity;
step three: after the selective laser melting and forming operation of the layer of entity in the second step is completed, if the layer of entity contains selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data, switching to the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process, introducing active gas and enabling the active gas to become a reaction atmosphere of a forming chamber, taking inert gas-argon gas as an auxiliary atmosphere, enabling specific simple substance metal powder or alloy powder and the active gas to perform a laser in-situ synthesis reaction to generate metal/ceramic reinforced particles according to the region set by the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data of the laser of the part, and completing the region forming operation of the layer of entity subjected to selective laser melting in-situ synthesis;
step four: after the entity forming operation of the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis is completed in the third step, switching to the selective laser melting forming process to continue to complete the preset entity forming operation without in-situ synthesis reaction in the next layer;
step five: and repeating the second step to the fourth step until the whole part processing operation is completed, and obtaining the digital functional material with the metal/ceramic reinforced particles distributed according to the preset proportion and shape.
The laser selected area in-situ synthesis data comprises laser selected area in-situ synthesis data A and laser selected area in-situ synthesis data B.
And step one, the model of the selective laser melting molding data and the model of the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data form complete part information together through 'parallel U' Boolean operation, and no data intersection exists between the two groups of data models.
In the first step, the selective laser melting forming data 12 and the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data can respectively adopt different laser process parameters, scanning strategies and the like, but the two groups of data adopt the same powder spreading layer thickness, and the layer thickness of each layer is 20-50 μm.
The solid area forming operation in the third step means that the area is subjected to selective laser melting in-situ synthesis, and comprises the following steps: the whole molding surface area of the layer of entity except the designated area of the selective laser melting molding data; and the selective laser area in-situ synthesis area can be formed by adjacent overlapping or non-overlapping of the melting channels which generate the metal/ceramic phase by in-situ reaction.
In the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process in the third step, under the condition of auxiliary regulation and control of auxiliary atmosphere (argon), the gas inflow, concentration ratio and the like of the active gas can be regulated and monitored through the active gas inlet valve 7, the active gas flowmeter 5 and the active gas concentration measuring instrument 17, so as to control the number, ratio and the like of the metal/ceramic reinforced particles generated by in-situ synthesis.
Performing primary powder paving on the molding surface before the second step, and after the second step is completed and before the third step is started, no powder paving is performed on the molding surface; and after finishing all the processing operations of the layer and before carrying out the next layer of processing operation, spreading the powder on the forming surface again for one time.
And D, after finishing the selective laser melting and forming process of all the layers of the whole part in the step five, judging whether the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process needs to be carried out or not, and if the current layer does not contain selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data, continuing to carry out the step two.
The utility model discloses select the melting forming process of laser district and select the district with laser to melt the normal position synthesis process and go on in turn each other, through melting the normal position synthesis process in the district at laser and let in active gas to the forming chamber, make the inside specific position of shaping part take place the synthetic reaction of laser normal position to the metal ceramic reinforcing particle that makes the generation distributes according to predetermined shape structure inside the part, finally obtains the inside digital material that has specific shape and strengthen the structure of part.
Meanwhile, gradient change distribution of proportion, quantity, particle size and the like of metal/ceramic reinforced particles in the part can be realized through the change of the air inflow and concentration of active gas (nitrogen or propane and the like) and the free combination of selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process parameters (laser power, laser beam scanning speed, laser beam scanning interval and the like). Therefore, the utility model discloses when realizing that the inside metal of part/ceramic reinforcing phase distributes according to predetermined shape structure, realized that the direct laser of digital material of tissue gradient, performance gradient selects district to melt the shaping, play the great effect with manufacturing to the research and development of following digital material.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following advantage and effect have:
1. compared with the traditional technology of only forming a new material with uniform strengthening phase through selective laser melting and in-situ synthesis, the device and the method for forming the digital material through selective laser melting and in-situ synthesis based on atmosphere laser in-situ synthesis can synchronously perform selective laser melting and forming and selective laser melting and in-situ synthesis, metal/ceramic strengthening particles are generated through selective laser melting and in-situ synthesis reaction of layer-by-layer entities, and the metal strengthening phases in parts can be distributed according to any preset shape in space through circulation, so that the digital functional material with a specific strengthening structure inside is obtained;
2. the change of the quantity, the proportion and the like of the metal/ceramic reinforced particles at different positions in the part can be realized by adjusting the proportion, the concentration and the like of active gas in the forming process, and the size and the like of the formed metal/ceramic reinforced particles are changed by changing the changes of laser power, scanning speed, scanning interval and the like in the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis state, so that the part has great flexibility, and the digitalized part with complex performance gradient can be realized by freely combining process parameters;
3. the utility model discloses an active gas (nitrogen gas or propane etc.) and simple substance metal powder or alloy powder that laser in situ synthesis technique adopted carry out the in situ synthesis reaction, can conveniently regulate and control quantity and the proportion that generates the metal reinforcing phase and can not make original simple substance metal powder or alloy powder receive the pollution, consequently original simple substance metal powder or alloy powder can regard as the raw and other materials of different reactant proportions to circulate and use, greatly utilize raw and other materials, reduce material cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the device for in-situ synthesis of digitized materials based on the atmosphere SLM of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the forming process in the laser selective melting forming state.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the forming process in the laser selective melting in-situ synthesis state.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the combination of a selective laser melting and forming portion and a selective laser melting and in-situ synthesis portion of a digital part model.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the laser selective melting in-situ synthesis data profile inside a digital part model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-section P-P in fig. 5.
In the figure: a-selective laser melting in-situ synthesis part (distributed according to 4 x 4); b-selective laser melting of the in-situ synthesized part (distributed by 3 x 3).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in FIG. 2, the utility model discloses a device for synthesizing digital material in situ based on atmosphere SLM includes sealed shaping room 4, scanning galvanometer 2 and shaping base plate 10 of control laser beam 3.
The device also comprises an active gas inlet 6 and an active gas outlet 13 which participate in the in-situ synthesis reaction, and an argon gas inlet 8 and an argon gas outlet 15.
The argon inlet 8 is positioned on the lower side wall of one side of the forming chamber 4, and the argon outlet 15 is positioned on the upper side wall of the other side of the forming chamber 4; since argon has a larger relative molecular mass than air, that is, argon is heavier than air, the above arrangement is advantageous in quickly discharging the air and the like in the molding chamber out of the molding chamber.
The active gas inlet 6 is located at the upper side wall of one side of the forming chamber 4, and the active gas outlet 13 is located at the lower side wall of the other side of the forming chamber 4. This arrangement facilitates the evacuation of the original forming chamber air or inert gas (argon), since the relative molecular mass of the reactive gas (nitrogen) is slightly lower than that of air, i.e. the reactive gas (nitrogen) is slightly lighter than air.
The active gas in this embodiment is nitrogen, but is not limited to such a gas; the metal powder participating in the reaction is titanium alloy powder.
As shown in fig. 2, the molding substrate 10 is a base for molding the digital material part 11; the digital part 11 comprises a laser selective melting forming data 12 part and a laser selective melting in-situ synthesis part (A/B); the data of the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis are divided into two cases of A (distributed according to 4 multiplied by 4) and B (distributed according to 4 multiplied by 4).
An oxygen content measuring instrument 1 for detecting the oxygen content in the forming chamber and ensuring the indoor anaerobic environment and an active gas concentration measuring instrument 17 for detecting the active gas content in the forming chamber are arranged in the sealed forming chamber 4;
the active gas inlet 6 is provided with an active gas flow meter 5 for detecting the flow rate of the active gas flowing into the molding chamber and an active gas inlet valve 7 for adjusting the inlet flow rate of the active gas; the active gas outlet 13 is provided with an active gas outlet valve 14 for adjusting the outlet flow of the active gas. They are used to regulate, monitor, etc. the proportion, concentration, etc. of the reactive gas in the forming chamber.
The argon inlet 8 is provided with an argon inlet valve 9 for adjusting inlet flow, and the argon outlet 15 is provided with an argon outlet valve 16 for adjusting outlet flow. They are used to ensure the oxygen-free environment in the forming chamber when the selective laser melting forming is carried out.
The utility model discloses realize through following step in the implementation:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the attribute requirements of the parts, respectively carrying out slicing processing on a selective laser melting forming part model not containing an enhancement phase and a selective laser melting in-situ synthesis part model containing the enhancement phase, so as to respectively obtain selective laser melting forming data 12 and selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data (A/B), wherein the two groups of data are combined together to form a complete digital material part 11, and then the data are led into a selective laser melting forming equipment software system; the forming process of the part comprises a selective laser melting forming process and a selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process; in the selective laser melting and forming process, inert gas (argon) is used as protective gas, the selective laser melting and forming part which does not contain the enhancement phase is selective laser melting and forming data 12, in the selective laser melting and in-situ synthesis process, active gas (nitrogen) is used as reaction atmosphere for in-situ synthesis in a forming chamber, inert gas (argon) is used as auxiliary atmosphere, and the selective laser melting and in-situ synthesis part which contains the enhancement phase is selective laser in-situ synthesis data (A/B);
step two: firstly, in the selective laser melting and forming process, according to selective laser melting and forming data 12 of the part, in a forming chamber filled with inert protective gas (argon), an entity of a designated area is melted and formed through the selective laser so as to complete the entity area forming operation of generating metal/ceramic reinforced particles without in-situ synthesis reaction of the layer;
step three: after the selective laser melting and forming operation of the layer of the entity in the second step is completed, if the layer contains selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data (A/B), switching to a selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process, introducing active gas (nitrogen) and enabling the active gas (nitrogen) to become a reaction atmosphere of a forming chamber, taking inert gas-argon as an auxiliary atmosphere, performing a selective laser scanning on a region set according to the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data of the part to enable specific alloy (titanium alloy) powder and the active gas (nitrogen) to perform a laser in-situ synthesis reaction to generate metal/ceramic reinforced particles so as to complete the region forming operation of the layer of the entity subjected to selective laser melting in-situ synthesis;
step four: after the entity forming operation of the layer subjected to the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis in the step three is completed, switching to the selective laser melting forming process to continue to complete the preset entity forming operation of the next layer without in-situ synthesis reaction;
step five: and repeating the second step to the fourth step until the whole part processing operation is completed, and obtaining the digital functional material with the metal/ceramic reinforced particles distributed according to the preset proportion and shape.
Step one, the selective laser melting molding data model and the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data model form complete part information together through 'parallel (U)' Boolean operation, and no data intersection exists between the two groups of data models;
the selective laser melting forming data 12 and selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data (A/B) in the first step can respectively adopt different laser process parameters, scanning strategies and the like, but the thicknesses of powder laying layers adopted by the two groups of data are the same, and the thickness of each layer is 20-50 mu m;
step three, the in-situ synthesis of the area by selective laser melting comprises the following steps: the whole molding surface area of the layer of entity except the designated area of the selective laser melting molding data;
in the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process, under the condition of auxiliary regulation and control of auxiliary atmosphere (argon), the gas inflow, concentration ratio and the like of the active gas (nitrogen) can be regulated and monitored through an active gas (nitrogen) inlet valve (7), an active gas (nitrogen) flowmeter (5) and an active gas concentration measuring instrument (17) so as to control the number, ratio and the like of metal/ceramic reinforced particles generated by in-situ synthesis;
performing primary powder paving on the molding surface before the second step, and after the second step is completed and before the third step is started, no powder paving is performed on the molding surface; after finishing all the processing operations of the layer and before the next layer of processing operation, spreading powder on the molding surface again for one time;
after the selective laser melting and forming process is completed on all layers, whether the selective laser melting in-situ synthesis process needs to be carried out or not is judged, and if the current layer does not contain selective laser melting in-situ synthesis data (A/B), the second step is continued;
as described above, the utility model discloses a change of laser election district melting normal position synthesis reaction accessible active gas's air input, concentration and the free combination of laser election district melting normal position synthesis process parameter (laser power, laser beam scanning speed, laser beam scanning interval etc.) realize the gradient change distribution of the proportion of part inside metal/ceramic reinforcing particle, quantity, particle size etc to can melt normal position synthesis data according to the laser election district, switch through laser election district melting forming process and laser election district melting normal position synthesis process and make metal/ceramic reinforcing particle distribute according to predetermined shape structure inside the part, the laser election district melting direct forming of having realized the digital material of tissue gradient, performance gradient, play important effect to the research and development and the manufacturing of future digital material.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement modes, and all are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A device for in-situ synthesis of digital materials based on an atmosphere SLM (selective laser melting) comprises a sealed forming chamber (4), a scanning galvanometer (2) for controlling a laser beam (3) and a forming substrate (10); the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises an active gas inlet (6) and an active gas outlet (13) which participate in the in-situ synthesis reaction, and an argon gas inlet (8) and an argon gas outlet (15);
the argon inlet (8) is positioned on the lower side wall of one side of the forming chamber (4), and the argon outlet (15) is positioned on the upper side wall of the other side of the forming chamber (4);
the active gas inlet (6) is positioned on the upper side wall of one side of the forming chamber (4), and the active gas outlet (13) is positioned on the lower side wall of the other side of the forming chamber (4).
2. The apparatus for ambient SLM-based in-situ synthesis of digitized materials as claimed in claim 1 characterized by: and an oxygen content measuring instrument (1) for detecting the oxygen content in the forming chamber and ensuring the indoor anaerobic environment and an active gas concentration measuring instrument (17) for detecting the active gas content in the forming chamber are arranged in the sealed forming chamber (4).
3. The device for in-situ synthesis of digitized materials based on atmospheric SLM of claim 2 characterized by: the active gas inlet (6) is provided with an active gas flowmeter (5) for detecting the flow rate of the active gas flowing into the molding chamber and an active gas inlet valve (7) for adjusting the inlet flow rate of the active gas; and the active gas outlet (13) is provided with an active gas outlet valve (14) for adjusting the outlet flow of the active gas.
4. The apparatus for ambient SLM-based in-situ synthesis of digitized materials as claimed in claim 3 characterized by: the argon inlet (8) is provided with an argon inlet valve (9) for adjusting the inlet flow, and the argon outlet (15) is provided with an argon outlet valve (16) for adjusting the outlet flow.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114309668A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 湖南云箭集团有限公司 | Oxygen pressure regulating and controlling system and method suitable for metal additive manufacturing equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114309668A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 湖南云箭集团有限公司 | Oxygen pressure regulating and controlling system and method suitable for metal additive manufacturing equipment |
| CN114309668B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-05-31 | 湖南云箭集团有限公司 | Oxygen pressure regulating and controlling system and method suitable for metal additive manufacturing equipment |
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