CN214229765U - Shell separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shell separator, include: a cutting assembly configured to cut the shell of the nut to create a crack; a hulling assembly, a feed inlet of the hulling assembly being connected to a discharge outlet of the cutting assembly, and the hulling assembly being configured to hulle cracked nuts; the feeding port of the vibration separation assembly is connected with the discharging port of the shelling assembly, and the vibration separation assembly is configured to separate the shells and the seeds of the nuts. The utility model discloses the device is before carrying out the shelling, adopts the roller of surface area short nail earlier under the drive of motor, carries out the shallow layer cutting to oil tea fruit shell earlier, makes the shell produce the multichannel crack, and cracked degree of depth is less than shell thickness and makes the oil tea fruit not break, and after the oil tea fruit that has the crack got into the shelling chamber, the oil tea fruit shell broke along the crack, made tea seed and shell separation.

Description

Shell separator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a shell separator belongs to shell processing technology field.

Background

The camellia oleifera is the first major woody oil crop specific to china and is mainly distributed in southern regions. The tea shell of the camellia oleifera fruit is soft, and the tea seed is contained in the camellia oleifera fruit. Tea seeds are the main raw material for producing tea seed oil, and the tea seed oil can be used as the production raw material of high-end edible oil and can also be used in the field of medical care. The tea seeds contain 20-35% of oil, contain more unsaturated fatty acid and a small amount of saturated fatty acid, and are sought after by consumers.

The oil tea seed shells are easy to break under stress, and still adopt paving in a large range, so that the oil tea fruits are dehydrated and broken through airing, and then are cleaned manually. The efficiency is low, the influence of weather is easy to cause, and the efficiency requirement of large-scale planting of the oil tea is difficult to adapt. The camellia oleifera fruit shell is easy to go moldy in a humid environment, so that camellia oleifera seeds are deteriorated, and the quality and the yield of the camellia oleifera seeds are seriously affected.

The current equipment in the market basically adopts a mode of directly shelling the oil-tea camellia fruits and then carries out shell and seed separation. The existing mechanical shelling technology mainly comprises the modes of kneading, impacting, extruding, shearing and the like, processed oil tea shells and oil tea seeds are difficult to separate in a simple mode, a production and processing factory generally adopts a color sorting separation technology to separate, and the applicability to common planters is not great.

Disclosure of Invention

To the outstanding problem, the utility model provides a shell separator, the device can be before carrying out the shelling, the roller that adopts the surface area short nail earlier is under the drive of motor, carry out the shallow layer cutting to the oil tea fruit shell earlier, make the shell produce the multichannel crack, the oil tea fruit with crack gets into behind the shelling chamber, hit beating at the shelling pole, under the combined action of kneading mutually between the oil tea fruit, the oil tea fruit shell breaks along the crack, make tea seed and shell separation, and produce the oil tea fruit shell piece that has great difference with the tea seed on the size, consequently, the simple vibration separation of accessible can realize the separation of shell seed, then can select miniature look selection machine to carry out the secondary separation, improve the separation precision.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

the utility model discloses an aspect provides a shell separator, include:

a cutting assembly configured to cut the shell of the nut to create a crack;

a hulling assembly, the hulling assembly having a feed inlet connected to a discharge outlet of the cutting assembly and configured to hulle cracked nuts;

the feeding port of the vibration separation assembly is connected with the discharging port of the shelling assembly, and the vibration separation assembly is configured to separate the shells and the seeds of the nuts.

The shell separating device, preferably, the cutting assembly comprises:

the cutting device comprises a cutting web plate, a cutting roller and a cutting baffle plate, wherein the cutting web plate is sleeved in the circumferential direction of the cutting roller, a gap is reserved between the cutting web plate and the cutting roller to form a cutting cavity, the cutting baffle plate is arranged at two axial ends of the cutting roller, and a gap is reserved between the cutting baffle plate and the cutting roller;

a plurality of cutting knives disposed on the cutting drum and configured to cut the shell of the nuts to create cracks.

The shell separating device, preferably, the hulling assembly comprises:

the hulling device comprises a hulling screen, hulling rods and hulling disks, wherein the hulling disks are of a cylindrical structure with two axial ends closed, the hulling screen is arranged in the hulling disks, a gap is reserved between the hulling screen and the hulling disks, and the hulling rods are arranged in the hulling disks in a staggered mode.

The shell separating device is preferably provided with a screen inside the vibration separating assembly, and the screen is configured to separate the shell and the seed.

The shell separating device, preferably, the cutting assembly further comprises:

first feeder hopper, a driving motor and first bearing, first feeder hopper with the cutting web is connected, and with the cutting chamber is linked together, a driving motor passes through first bearing with the cutting roller is connected, the lower extreme of cutting web is provided with the discharge gate.

The shell separating device, preferably, the shelling assembly further comprises:

the two ends of the second feeding hopper are respectively connected with the discharge hole of the cutting web plate and the cavity of the shelling plate, and the shelling shaft is connected with the shelling plate and is connected with the second driving motor through the second bearing.

The husking rods are preferably uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the husking disc.

The shell separator preferably further comprises a color sorting separation assembly and a conveying belt, wherein the conveying belt is located below a discharge hole of the vibration separation assembly and used for conveying separated shell seeds to the color sorting separation assembly, and the color sorting separation assembly is used for further separating the nuts after the shell seeds are separated so as to provide color sorting precision.

The shell separating device preferably further comprises a frame, the cutting assembly, the shelling assembly and the vibration separating assembly are fixed on the frame, the cutting assembly is located above the shelling assembly, a discharge port of the cutting assembly is connected with a feed port of the shelling assembly, the vibration separating assembly is located below the shelling assembly, and a discharge port of the shelling assembly is connected with a feed port of the vibration separating assembly.

The utility model discloses the second aspect provides an above-mentioned shell separator's operating method, includes following step:

a, conveying nuts into the cutting cavity between the cutting web and the cutting roller through the first feed hopper, and cutting the surfaces of the nuts by the cutting short knife to crack the surfaces of the nuts without cracking the nuts to generate cracked nuts;

b, nuts with cracks enter the shelling assembly through the second feed hopper, the rotating shelling rod strikes the nuts, the nuts are stressed to generate shells with larger sizes along the cracks, the shells with the larger sizes cannot penetrate through the shelling screen, and the shells continue to be struck by the shelling rod, so that a shell-seed mixture with different sizes is generated;

c, enabling the shell-seed mixture to enter the vibration separation assembly through a discharge hopper, further separating the shell-seed mixture through a screen in the vibration separation assembly, discharging the shells with smaller size from the bottom, and discharging the seeds from a discharge hole to realize the first separation of the shells and the seeds;

d, the seeds separated in the step c are conveyed to the color separation and separation assembly through the conveying belt, and the color separation and separation assembly is used for realizing secondary separation so as to realize accurate separation of the shells and the seeds and improve the color separation precision.

The utility model discloses owing to take above technical scheme, it has following advantage:

the fruit shell separation equipment in the current market basically adopts a direct shelling treatment mode for oil-tea camellia fruits and then carries out shell and seed separation. And the utility model discloses the device is before carrying out the shelling, the roller that adopts the surface area short nail earlier is under the drive of motor, carry out the shallow layer cutting to tea-oil camellia fruit shell earlier, make the shell produce the multichannel crack, cracked degree of depth is less than shell thickness and makes the tea-oil camellia fruit not take place to break, the tea-oil camellia fruit that has the crack gets into behind the shelling chamber, hit beating at the shelling pole, under the combined action of kneading mutually between the tea-oil camellia fruit, the tea-oil camellia fruit shell breaks along the crack, make tea seed and shell separation, and produce the tea-oil camellia fruit shell piece that has great difference with the tea seed in the size, consequently, the simple vibration separation of accessible can realize the separation of shell seed, then can select miniature look selection machine to carry out the secondary separation, improve the separation precision.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a shell separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hulling assembly according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall working state of the shell separating device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

1-a cutting component, 11-a first feed hopper, 12-a cutting web, 13-a cutting roller, 14-a first driving motor, 15-a first bearing, 16-a cutting short knife and 17-a cutting baffle; 2-hulling assembly, 21-second feed hopper, 22-second bearing, 23-discharge hopper, 24-hulling sieve, 25-hulling rod, 26-hulling shaft and 27-hulling disk; 3-vibrating the separation assembly; 4-a conveyor belt; 5-color separation separating element; 6-a frame.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary person in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

The utility model discloses the device is before carrying out the shelling, the roller that adopts the surface area short nail earlier is under the drive of motor, carry out the shallow layer cutting to tea-oil camellia fruit shell earlier, make the shell produce the multichannel crack, cracked degree of depth is less than shell thickness and makes the tea-oil camellia fruit not take place to break, the tea-oil camellia fruit with crack gets into behind the shelling chamber, hit beating at the shelling pole, under the combined action of kneading mutually between the tea-oil camellia fruit, the tea-oil camellia fruit shell breaks along the crack, make tea seed and shell separation, and produce the tea-oil camellia fruit shell piece that has great difference with the tea seed on the size, consequently, the simple vibration separation of accessible can realize the shell seed separation, then can select miniature look selection machine to carry out the secondary separation, improve the separation precision.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a shell separator, include:

a cutting assembly 1 configured to cut the shell of the nut to create a crack;

a hulling assembly 2, wherein a feed inlet of the hulling assembly 2 is connected with a discharge outlet of the cutting assembly 1, and the hulling assembly 2 is configured to hull the cracked nuts;

the vibrating separation assembly 3, the feed inlet of the vibrating separation assembly 3 is connected with the discharge outlet of the shelling assembly 2, and the vibrating separation assembly 3 is configured to separate the shells and seeds of the nuts.

In the present embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the cutting assembly 1 includes:

the cutting device comprises a cutting web 12, a cutting roller 13 and cutting baffles 17, wherein the cutting web 12 is sleeved in the circumferential direction of the cutting roller 13, a gap is reserved between the cutting web 12 and the cutting roller 13 to form a cutting cavity, the cutting baffles 17 are arranged at two axial ends of the cutting roller 13, and a gap is reserved between the cutting baffles 17;

a plurality of cutting knives 16 are disposed on the cutting drum 13, and the cutting knives 16 are configured to cut the shells of the nuts to create cracks.

In this embodiment, the cutting short knife 16 is preferably a short staple.

In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the hulling assembly 2 includes:

the hulling screen 24, the hulling rod 25 and the hulling disk 27, wherein the hulling disk 27 is a cylinder structure with two axial ends closed, the hulling screen 24 is arranged in the hulling disk 27 with a gap, and the hulling rod 25 is arranged in the hulling disk 27 in a staggered manner.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that a screen is provided in the vibratory separating assembly 3, and the screen is configured to separate the shell and seed.

In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the cutting assembly 1 further includes:

first feeder hopper 11, first driving motor 14 and first bearing 15, first feeder hopper 11 is connected with cutting web 12, and is linked together with the cutting chamber, and first driving motor 14 is connected with cutting roller 13 through first bearing 15, and the lower extreme of cutting web 12 is provided with the discharge gate.

In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the hulling assembly 2 further includes:

a second feeding hopper 21, a second bearing 22, a shelling shaft 26 and a second driving motor, wherein two ends of the second feeding hopper 21 are respectively connected with the discharge port of the cutting web 12 and the cavity of the shelling plate 27, and the shelling shaft 26 is connected with the shelling plate 27 and is connected with the second driving motor through the second bearing 22.

In this embodiment, the hulling bars 25 are preferably arranged uniformly in the axial direction of the hulling tray 27.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, it is preferable that the nut sorting device further includes a color sorting and separating assembly 5 and a conveying belt 4, the conveying belt 4 is located below the discharge port of the vibration separating assembly 3 and is used for conveying the separated shell seeds to the color sorting and separating assembly 5, and the color sorting and separating assembly 5 is used for further separating the nuts after the shell seeds are separated so as to provide color sorting precision.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, it is preferable that the rice huller further includes a frame 6, the cutting assembly 1, the hulling assembly 2 and the vibration separating assembly 3 are fixed on the frame 6, the cutting assembly 1 is located above the hulling assembly 2, the discharge port of the cutting assembly 1 is connected to the feed port of the hulling assembly 2, the vibration separating assembly 3 is located below the hulling assembly 2, and the discharge port of the hulling assembly 2 is connected to the feed port of the vibration separating assembly 3.

Based on above-mentioned shell separator, the utility model discloses still provide device's operating method, including following step:

a, conveying nuts into a cutting cavity between a cutting web 12 and a cutting roller 13 through a first feed hopper 11, and cutting the surfaces of the nuts by a short cutting knife 16 to crack the surfaces of the nuts without cracking the nuts to generate cracked nuts;

b, nuts with cracks enter the shelling assembly 2 through the second feed hopper 21, the rotating shelling rod 25 strikes the nuts, the nuts are stressed to generate large-size shells along the cracks, the large-size shells cannot penetrate through the shelling screen 24 and continue to be struck by the shelling rod 25, and then shell-seed mixtures with different sizes are generated;

c, the shell-seed mixture enters the vibration separation component 3 through the discharge hopper 23, a screen in the vibration separation component 3 further separates the shell-seed mixture, the shells with smaller size are discharged from the bottom, and the seeds are discharged from the discharge hole, so that the first separation of the shells and the seeds is realized;

d, conveying the seeds separated in the step c to a color separation separating assembly 5 through a conveying belt 4, and separating for the second time through the color separation separating assembly 5 to realize accurate separation of the shells and the seeds and improve color separation precision.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims (9)

1. A shell separating device, comprising:

a cutting assembly (1) configured to cut the shell of the nut to create a crack;

a hulling assembly (2), the feeding port of the hulling assembly (2) being connected to the discharging port of the cutting assembly (1), and the hulling assembly (2) being configured to hulle cracked nuts;

a vibrating separating assembly (3), wherein the feeding port of the vibrating separating assembly (3) is connected with the discharging port of the shelling assembly (2), and the vibrating separating assembly (3) is configured to separate the shells and seeds of the nuts.

2. Shell separating device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting assembly (1) comprises:

the cutting device comprises a cutting web plate (12), a cutting roller (13) and a cutting baffle plate (17), wherein the cutting web plate (12) is sleeved in the circumferential direction of the cutting roller (13) and a gap is reserved between the cutting roller and the cutting roller to form a cutting cavity, the cutting baffle plate (17) is arranged at two axial ends of the cutting roller (13) and a gap is reserved between the cutting baffle plate and the cutting roller;

a plurality of cutting knives (16) disposed on the cutting drum (13), the cutting knives (16) being configured to cut the shell of the nuts to create cracks.

3. Shell separating device according to claim 2, wherein the hulling assembly (2) comprises:

the hulling screen (24), the hulling rods (25) and the hulling disks (27), wherein the hulling disks (27) are of a cylindrical structure with two axial ends closed, the hulling screen (24) is arranged in the hulling disks (27) with a gap left between the hulling disks, and the hulling rods (25) are arranged in the hulling disks (27) in a staggered mode.

4. Shell separating device according to claim 1, wherein a screen is arranged within the vibratory separating assembly (3) and configured to separate the shell seeds.

5. Shell separating device according to claim 2, wherein the cutting assembly (1) further comprises:

first feeder hopper (11), first driving motor (14) and first bearing (15), first feeder hopper (11) with cutting web (12) are connected, and with the cutting chamber is linked together, first driving motor (14) pass through first bearing (15) with cutting roller (13) are connected, the lower extreme of cutting web (12) is provided with the discharge gate.

6. Shell separating device according to claim 3, wherein the hulling assembly (2) further comprises:

the two ends of the second feeding hopper (21) are respectively connected with the discharge hole of the cutting web (12) and the cavity of the shelling plate (27), and the shelling shaft (26) is connected with the shelling plate (27) and is connected with the second driving motor through the second bearing (22).

7. Shell separating device according to claim 3, wherein the shelling bars (25) are arranged uniformly in the axial direction of the shelling tray (27).

8. The shell separating device according to claim 1, further comprising a color selection separating assembly (5) and a conveyer belt (4), wherein the conveyer belt (4) is located below the discharge port of the vibration separating assembly (3) and used for conveying the separated shell seeds to the color selection separating assembly (5), and the color selection separating assembly (5) is used for further separating the shell seeds separated nuts to provide color selection precision.

9. Shell separating device according to claim 1, further comprising a frame (6), wherein the cutting assembly (1), the hulling assembly (2) and the vibratory separating assembly (3) are fixed to the frame (6), wherein the cutting assembly (1) is located above the hulling assembly (2), wherein the discharge port of the cutting assembly (1) is connected to the feed port of the hulling assembly (2), wherein the vibratory separating assembly (3) is located below the hulling assembly (2), and wherein the discharge port of the hulling assembly (2) is connected to the feed port of the vibratory separating assembly (3).

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