CN214153197U - Antenna unit and base station antenna - Google Patents
Antenna unit and base station antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN214153197U CN214153197U CN202023182758.1U CN202023182758U CN214153197U CN 214153197 U CN214153197 U CN 214153197U CN 202023182758 U CN202023182758 U CN 202023182758U CN 214153197 U CN214153197 U CN 214153197U
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Abstract
The invention provides an antenna unit and a base station antenna, wherein the antenna unit comprises a radiation sheet and a feed balun for feeding the radiation sheet; the radiation sheet comprises a radiation substrate and a radiation surface arranged on the surface of the radiation substrate, and the radiation surface is provided with a group of metal removing gaps; the feed balun is provided with two feed baluns and is vertically and crossly connected below the radiating fin, and each feed balun comprises a circuit mainboard, a one-to-two power dividing circuit arranged on one surface of the circuit mainboard and a connecting wire arranged on the other surface of the circuit mainboard; the one-to-two power division circuit comprises a one-to-two power divider, a main circuit and a balun feed point; the combining position of two branches of the one-to-two power divider is connected with one end of the main circuit, and the other end of the main circuit is connected with the balun feed point. The invention effectively reduces the height of the antenna unit without increasing the area of the original antenna unit; effective filtering can be performed, and the different frequency isolation degree with other systems and frequency band antennas is improved; the isolation between the two orthogonal polarizations can be significantly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna systems, and particularly relates to an antenna unit and a base station antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication and the increasing tension of frequency resources, the quality of the whole communication system is directly influenced by the quality of the antenna as an important component. In 5G mobile communication, the number of channels and the number of units are greatly increased, and the whole antenna is required to be smaller and thinner, so that the number of radiating units is increased, the unit spacing is reduced, and the height is obviously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the antenna unit and the base station antenna have the advantages of low profile and high isolation, have a filtering function and can improve the performance of the base station antenna.
The invention is realized by the following steps: an antenna unit comprises a radiation sheet and a feed balun for feeding the radiation sheet; the radiation piece comprises a radiation substrate and a radiation surface arranged on the surface of the radiation substrate, and the radiation surface is provided with a group of metal removing gaps;
the feed balun is provided with two feed baluns and is vertically and crossly connected below the radiation piece, and each feed balun comprises a circuit main board, a one-to-two power dividing circuit arranged on one surface of the circuit main board and a connecting wire arranged on the other surface of the circuit main board; the one-to-two power dividing circuit comprises a one-to-two power divider, a main circuit and a balun feed point; the combining position of the two branches of the one-to-two power divider is connected with one end of the main circuit, and the other end of the main circuit is connected with the balun feed point.
Further, the height of the feed balun is less than 1/10 times of the working wavelength of the interference wave.
Further, the length of the gap is greater than 1/2 times the working wavelength of the interference wave, and the width of the gap is less than 1/10 times the working wavelength of the interference wave.
Further, the location of the balun feed point is located outside the projection range of the radiation patch.
Further, the two branches of the one-to-two power divider have the same amplitude and are 180 ° out of phase.
Further, the shape of the radiation sheet is a polygon, and the geometric center of the radiation surface coincides with the center of the gap.
Furthermore, an upper clamping groove is formed in the upper edge of one of the feeding baluns, and a lower clamping groove is formed in the lower edge of the other feeding balun; the two feed baluns are clamped and connected by an upper clamping groove and a lower clamping groove at any time; the upper edges and the lower edges of the two feeding baluns are respectively positioned on the same plane.
Further, the feed balun is orthogonally arranged in the polarization direction to form a whole body with a central symmetry relation.
The invention also provides a base station antenna, which comprises a supporting structure and an antenna unit arranged on the supporting structure, wherein the supporting structure comprises a reflecting plate and a feed network arranged on the reflecting plate; the antenna unit is the antenna unit; the balun feed point is connected with the feed network.
Furthermore, the radiation substrate, the circuit main board and the reflecting board are all PCB boards with dielectric constant less than 6 and thickness not more than 1 mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the conventional antenna unit with the height of 1/4 times of working wavelength, the height of the antenna unit can be effectively reduced to be below 1/10 wavelength by using the microstrip radiation principle to heighten the radiation sheet and using air as a substrate on the premise of meeting impedance bandwidth of a 5G frequency band and various radiation performance parameters, and meanwhile, the area of the original antenna unit is not increased; the slots on the radiation sheet can carry out effective filtering, and improve the different-frequency isolation degree with other systems and frequency band antennas; the separation between the two orthogonal polarizations can be significantly improved by the balun feed point being far from the projected area of the radiating patch.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a base station antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a feed balun according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the heteropolarization isolation of the antenna element of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a two-port standing wave of an antenna unit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a gain curve diagram of the antenna unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an antenna unit including a radiation patch 10 and a feeding balun 20 for feeding the radiation patch. The radiation plate 10 includes a radiation substrate 120 and a radiation surface 130 disposed on a surface of the radiation substrate 120, wherein the radiation surface 130 is provided with a set of metal-removing slits 110.
For a conventional dipole type base station antenna unit, the height of the element plane from the metal reflection plate is typically 1/4 operating wavelengths, i.e. the height of the feed balun 20 is 1/4 operating wavelengths. When the height is less than 1/4 operating wavelengths, the imaginary part of the antenna element input impedance varies strongly within the frequency band, resulting in a narrowing of the impedance bandwidth of the antenna element. The utility model discloses an adopt the microstrip radiation principle, will radiate the piece and increase and use the air as the substrate, can be under the impedance bandwidth that satisfies the 5G frequency channel and each item radiation performance parameter's prerequisite, effectively reduce antenna element's height to below the 1/10 wavelength, do not increase original antenna element's area simultaneously. The introduction of the slit 110 generates a current zero point, and the currents in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively cancel each other, thereby introducing a radiation zero point, and the position of the radiation zero point can be changed by changing the size of the slit. By reasonably designing the size of the gap 110, the inter-frequency isolation of the unit from a certain frequency range can be improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the radiation sheet gap 110 is a symmetrical rectangular ring, and can be regarded as a resonance unit with a single resonance frequency point, so that ring gaps with different sizes and shapes can be added on the radiation sheet to achieve the purpose of filtering multiple frequency points.
The feed balun 20 not only plays a role of feeding the radiation patch, but also plays a role of certain impedance transformation. The feeding balun 20 is provided in two and is vertically cross-connected below the radiation patch 10. The feed balun 20 can support and connect the radiation piece 10 through a plastic support column, and can also be welded and connected with the radiation piece 10. The feeding balun 20 includes a circuit board 230, a one-to-two power dividing circuit 210 disposed on one side of the circuit board 230, and an electric wire 220 disposed on the other side of the circuit board 230. The one-to-two power divider 210 includes a one-to-two power divider 2110, a main circuit 2120, and a balun feed point 2130. The junction of the two branches 21110 and 21120 of the one-to-two power divider 2110 is connected to one end of the main path 2120, and the other end of the main path 2120 is connected to the balun feed point 2130.
In an alternative embodiment, the main path 2120 has a trace length of 1/4 times the operating wavelength of the interference wave. The routing length can be optimally designed according to the required isolation degree improving base station antenna.
In an alternative embodiment, the height of the feed balun 20 is less than 1/10 times the operating wavelength of the interference wave.
In an alternative embodiment, the length of slot 110 is greater than 1/2 times the operating wavelength of the interference wave and the width of slot 110 is less than 1/10 times the operating wavelength of the interference wave.
In an alternative embodiment, the location of the balun feed point 2130 is outside the projection range of the radiating patch 10. The mutual interference between the two isolation parts can be reduced, and the different polarization isolation degree is increased.
In an alternative embodiment, the two branches 21110 and 21120 of the one-to-two power divider 2110 have the same amplitude and are 180 ° out of phase. The arrangement can enable the coupled orthogonally polarized signals to be mutually offset at the combining position, and the heteropolarization isolation degree is increased.
In an alternative embodiment, the shape of the radiation patch 10 is a polygon, and the geometric center of the radiation surface 130 coincides with the center of the slit 110.
In an optional embodiment, an upper slot is disposed on an upper edge of one of the feeding baluns 20, and a lower slot is disposed on a lower edge of the other feeding balun 20; the two feed baluns 20 are clamped and connected by an upper clamping groove and a lower clamping groove at any time; the upper and lower edges of the two feeding baluns 20 are in the same plane respectively. Except for the mutual avoidance of the branches of the one-to-two power dividing circuit 210 and the card slot, the rest of the two feeding baluns 20 are kept consistent.
In an alternative embodiment, the feeding baluns 20 are orthogonally arranged in the polarization direction to form a whole body with a central symmetry relationship, so that two feeding baluns 20 share a radiation surface.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention further provides a base station antenna, which includes a supporting structure 30 and an antenna unit disposed on the supporting structure 30, wherein the supporting structure 30 includes a reflector 330 and a feeding network 320 disposed on the reflector 330; the antenna unit is the antenna unit; balun feed point 2130 is connected to feed network 320.
In an alternative embodiment, the radiating substrate 120, the circuit board 230 and the reflection plate 330 are all PCB boards with dielectric constant less than 6 and thickness not more than 1 mm.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna element, characterized in that it comprises a radiating patch (10) and a feeding balun (20) for feeding it; the radiation piece (10) comprises a radiation substrate (120) and a radiation surface (130) arranged on the surface of the radiation substrate (120), wherein the radiation surface (130) is provided with a group of metal-removing gaps (110);
the two feeding baluns (20) are arranged and are vertically and crossly connected below the radiating sheet (10), and each feeding balun (20) comprises a circuit main board (230), a one-to-two power dividing circuit (210) arranged on one surface of the circuit main board (230) and an electric connection wire (220) arranged on the other surface of the circuit main board (230); the one-to-two power division circuit (210) comprises a one-to-two power divider (2110), a main circuit (2120) and a balun feed point (2130); the combination position of the two branches (21110, 21120) of the one-to-two power divider (2110) is connected with one end of the main circuit (2120), and the other end of the main circuit (2120) is connected with the balun feeding point (2130).
2. An antenna element according to claim 1, characterised in that the height of the feed balun (20) is less than 1/10 times the operating wavelength of the interference wave.
3. An antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of said slot (110) is greater than 1/2 times the operating wavelength of the interference wave, and the width of said slot (110) is less than 1/10 times the operating wavelength of the interference wave.
4. An antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that the location of the balun feed point (2130) is outside the projected range of the radiating patch (10).
5. An antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the two branches (21110, 21120) of the one-to-two power divider (2110) are of the same amplitude and 180 ° out of phase.
6. An antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that said radiating patch (10) is polygonal in shape, and the geometric center of said radiating surface (130) coincides with the center of said slot (110).
7. An antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper edge of one of the feeding baluns (20) is provided with an upper slot, and the lower edge of the other feeding balun (20) is provided with a lower slot; the two feed baluns (20) are clamped by an upper clamping groove and a lower clamping groove at any time; the upper edges and the lower edges of the two feeding baluns (20) are respectively in the same plane.
8. An antenna element according to claim 1, characterised in that said feed balun (20) is mounted orthogonally to each other in the direction of polarisation to form a unitary body in a central symmetrical relationship.
9. A base station antenna comprising a support structure (30) and an antenna element arranged on said support structure (30), said support structure (30) comprising a reflector plate (330) and a feeding network (320) arranged on said reflector plate (330); it is characterized in that; the antenna unit is one of the antenna units of any one of claims 1 to 8; the balun feed point (2130) is connected to the feed network (320).
10. The base station antenna according to claim 9, wherein the radiating substrate (120), the circuit board (230) and the reflector plate (330) are all PCB boards with dielectric constant less than 6 and thickness not more than 1 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023182758.1U CN214153197U (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Antenna unit and base station antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023182758.1U CN214153197U (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Antenna unit and base station antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214153197U true CN214153197U (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202023182758.1U Active CN214153197U (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Antenna unit and base station antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114122691A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-01 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | High-frequency radiating unit |
-
2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202023182758.1U patent/CN214153197U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114122691A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-01 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | High-frequency radiating unit |
| CN114122691B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2024-04-09 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | High frequency radiating unit |
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