CN214153004U - Battery thermal management system applying barrier explosion-proof technology - Google Patents

Battery thermal management system applying barrier explosion-proof technology Download PDF

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CN214153004U
CN214153004U CN202023029213.7U CN202023029213U CN214153004U CN 214153004 U CN214153004 U CN 214153004U CN 202023029213 U CN202023029213 U CN 202023029213U CN 214153004 U CN214153004 U CN 214153004U
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explosion
layer
battery
proof
thermal management
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陈天华
庄依杰
陈***
李锦标
关敏婷
张建岗
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Lin Lihui
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Guangdong University of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology, which is formed by a plurality of monomer module arrays for thermal management; the single module comprises a battery and four functional layers which wrap the battery from inside to outside in sequence; the four functional layers are a heat absorption layer, an explosion-proof layer, a cooling layer and a heat insulation layer from inside to outside in sequence; the cross section of the monomer module is designed in a regular hexagon structure; each single module is longitudinally arranged and transversely arranged, and one side surface of each single module is attached to and fixed with the side surface of the adjacent single module. The utility model discloses a microchannel coupling phase change material heat management mode improves traditional battery thermal management system's radiating efficiency instant heating homogeneity, and then improves the security of group battery. The utility model discloses still adopt separation explosion-proof technique, effectively prevent to appear causing the holistic explosion accident on fire of group battery because of the thermal runaway problem of certain battery, and then improve the security of group battery.

Description

Battery thermal management system applying barrier explosion-proof technology
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric automobile battery heat management technical field especially relates to a battery heat management system of liquid-cooled initiative cold coupling phase change material's mixed heat management mode.
Background
At present, with the continuous development of new energy vehicles represented by electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, people's lives are gradually advanced, but at the same time of popularization, safety accidents related to power batteries of electric vehicles are frequent, the safety problem of the batteries is a main factor influencing the purchase of most consumers, the safety accidents of the batteries are mainly caused by thermal runaway, the causes of the thermal runaway comprise mechanical abuse, namely collision, electrochemical abuse, namely overcharge and discharge, and thermal abuse, wherein the thermal abuse is a direct cause of the thermal runaway, the thermal abuse is usually caused by that heat generated during the operation of the batteries is accumulated in the batteries due to the fact that good heat dissipation conditions are not provided in the batteries, the temperature of the batteries rises to be out of a normal operation range, the service life and the service performance of the batteries are affected very badly, and the batteries are ignited and exploded under severe conditions, therefore, an efficient heat management mode designed for the battery pack of the electric automobile has important significance for improving the safety of the battery pack and promoting the electric automobile.
The battery pack not only needs a heat management mode to have an efficient heat dissipation effect, but also has a considerable requirement on the self heat uniformity, the heat uniformity refers to the temperature distribution condition among all parts, namely all the batteries, in the battery pack, because the discharge rates of the batteries can be influenced due to different temperatures, when the heat uniformity of the battery pack is low, the discharge rates of all the batteries are different, the electricity imbalance of the battery pack can be caused, the performance and the safety of the battery pack can be seriously influenced, in addition, the thermal runaway chain of a certain single battery in the battery pack can be possibly caused, other batteries in the battery pack can be further subjected to integral fire and explosion accidents, and therefore the heat uniformity of the battery pack also needs to be considered in the heat management design of the batteries.
However, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem that the thermal runaway of a single battery may cause the overall explosion of other batteries in a chain manner, not only the influence of thermal uniformity needs to be considered, but also the problem may be caused if a certain battery in the battery pack has a quality problem.
Until now, various modes of battery thermal management systems have been extensively studied, and the systems can be basically classified into air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling, and the like, depending on the cooling medium. Each cooling method has advantages and disadvantages. Air cooling is mainly realized through forced convection of air, and due to low cost and simple structure, the air cooling is widely applied to a battery thermal management system, however, the air cooling effect is always limited by low air heat conductivity coefficient, and the problems of insignificant cooling effect, uneven system temperature distribution and the like often occur. The liquid cooling mainly carries out heat conduction through the liquid cooling board or the liquid cooling pipeline with the battery contact and realizes the heat dissipation to the battery, compares in air cooling, and the radiating efficiency of liquid cooling is higher, but most designs are too complicated, and the hot homogeneity of group battery also needs to be improved. The phase change material cooling is to control the temperature of the battery within a reasonable range through latent heat of the phase change material in the melting process, but when the battery thermal management system only adopts the phase change material cooling, the problem of heat accumulation of the phase change material still needs to be considered.
As can be seen from the above, each basic cooling method has its limitations, and a single cooling method is increasingly unable to meet the requirement of battery thermal management. Accordingly, hybrid battery thermal management systems have been proposed that include air-cooled coupled liquid-cooled, air-cooled coupled phase change material cooled, and liquid-cooled coupled phase change material cooled. Because the liquid cooling has high heat dissipation efficiency and the phase change material has good cooling heat uniformity, the liquid cooling coupling phase change material cooling is an ideal mixed cooling mode researched by many scholars. Although the existing liquid-cooling coupling phase-change material cooling and heat management system is improved to a certain extent in the aspect of battery pack heat dissipation, the problems of complex battery pack structure, low heat uniformity and the like still exist.
At present, barrier explosion-proof materials are mainly applied to flammable and explosive storage containers such as petroleum tanks, and metal porous barrier explosion-proof materials or non-gold foam porous barrier explosion-proof materials are filled in the containers to prevent dangerous goods in the containers from exploding to cause harm to the environment and personnel, and considerable effects are obtained to a certain extent.
Accordingly, further improvements and improvements are needed in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art's not enough, provide a battery thermal management system who uses explosion-proof technique of separation.
The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:
a battery thermal management system applying barrier explosion-proof technology is formed by a plurality of single module arrays for thermal management. The monomer module comprises a battery and four functional layers which wrap the battery from inside to outside in sequence. The four functional layers are a heat absorption layer, an explosion-proof layer, a cooling layer and a heat insulation layer from inside to outside in sequence. The cross section of the monomer module is designed in a regular hexagon structure. Each single module is longitudinally arranged and transversely arranged, and one side surface of each single module is attached to and fixed with the side surface of the adjacent single module.
As the utility model discloses an optimal scheme, the outline of heat-sink shell adopts regular hexagon structural design, and interior outline adopts circular structural design, and its inboard face is fixed with the laminating of battery lateral surface.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the heat absorbing layer is made of a phase change material.
Further, microcapsules for flame retardance are filled in the heat absorbing layer. And the microcapsule is filled with a flame retardant. The melting point of the microcapsules was 60 degrees.
As the preferred scheme of the utility model, the medial surface on explosion-proof layer is fixed with the heat-sink shell laminating, and the lateral surface is fixed with the heat insulation layer laminating. The explosion-proof layer is made of graphite foam materials.
Furthermore, the cooling layer is composed of a plurality of liquid cooling working medium micro-channels, and the liquid cooling working medium micro-channels are embedded between the explosion-proof layer and the heat insulating layer and are longitudinally arranged in parallel.
As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme, the heat insulation layer covers in the outside of monomer module, and its inboard face is laminated fixedly with explosion-proof layer and cooling layer respectively, and its outboard face is laminated fixedly with adjacent monomer module respectively.
As the preferred scheme of the utility model, every side of monomer module sets up three liquid cooling working medium microchannels that are separated each other, are parallel to each other.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses still have following advantage:
(1) the utility model provides an use battery thermal management system of explosion-proof technique of separation adopts microchannel liquid cooling coupling phase change material thermal management structure, can effectively improve thermal management system's radiating efficiency.
(2) The utility model provides an use battery thermal management system of explosion-proof technique of separation adopts the independent thermal management mode of array, can effectively improve the thermal uniformity of group battery.
(3) The utility model provides an use battery thermal management system of explosion-proof technique of separation adopts the explosion-proof material of separation to manage the module separation with each section of heat, can effectually prevent to appear the safety of thermal runaway problem chain influence other batteries because of certain economize on electricity pond accident.
(4) The utility model provides an use battery thermal management system of explosion-proof technique of separation adopts monomer modular management, can assemble in a flexible way and replace battery monomer, reduces cost of maintenance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a battery thermal management system applying barrier explosion-proof technology provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the work flow of the battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology provided by the present invention.
The reference numerals in the above figures illustrate:
1-battery, 2-heat absorbing layer/phase change material, 3-explosion-proof layer/barrier explosion-proof material, 4-cooling layer/liquid cooling working medium micro-channel, and 5-heat insulating layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment discloses a battery thermal management system using barrier explosion-proof technology, which is formed by an array of a plurality of unit modules for thermal management. The monomer module includes battery 1 and from interior to outer four layers of functional layers of parcel battery 1 in proper order. The four functional layers are a heat absorption layer 2, an explosion-proof layer 3, a cooling layer 4 and a heat insulation layer 5 from inside to outside in sequence. The cross section of the monomer module is designed in a regular hexagon structure. Each single module is longitudinally arranged and transversely arranged, and one side surface of each single module is attached to and fixed with the side surface of the adjacent single module.
As the utility model discloses an optimal scheme, the outline of heat-absorbing layer 2 adopts regular hexagon structural design, and interior outline adopts circular structural design, and its inboard face is fixed with the laminating of 1 lateral surface of battery.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat absorbing layer 2 is made of a phase change material.
Further, microcapsules for flame retardance are filled in the heat absorbing layer 2. And the microcapsule is filled with a flame retardant. The melting point of the microcapsules was 60 degrees.
As the preferred scheme of the utility model, the medial surface and the 2 laminating of heat-absorbing layer of explosion-proof layer 3 are fixed, and the lateral surface is fixed with the laminating of heat insulation layer 5. The explosion-proof layer 3 is made of graphite foam materials.
Furthermore, the cooling layer 4 is composed of a plurality of liquid cooling working medium micro-channels, and the liquid cooling working medium micro-channels are embedded between the explosion-proof layer 3 and the heat insulating layer 5 and are longitudinally arranged in parallel.
As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme, heat insulation layer 5 covers in the outside of monomer module, and its inboard face is fixed with explosion-proof layer 3 and the laminating of cooling layer 4 respectively, and its outboard face is fixed with the laminating of adjacent monomer module respectively.
As the preferred scheme of the utility model, every side of monomer module sets up three liquid cooling working medium microchannels that are separated each other, are parallel to each other.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a single module of a battery thermal management system applying barrier explosion-proof technology, which includes a battery 1, a phase change material 2, a barrier explosion-proof material 3, a liquid cooling working medium microchannel 4, and a heat insulating layer 5;
battery 1 is wrapped up by phase change material 2, the heat that battery 1 produced is absorbed by phase change material 2, because the big characteristics of phase change material 2's latent heat volume, can be with battery 1 temperature control in certain extent, and phase change material 2 absorptive heat will be transmitted to separation explosion-proof material 3, and separation explosion-proof material 3 and the contact of liquid cooling working medium microchannel 4, through liquid cooling working medium and microchannel wall heat convection, take the module out with the heat that separation explosion-proof material 3 transmitted to microchannel 4, finally realize the cooling of liquid cooling coupling phase change material.
The phase-change material 2 is filled with the fire retardant microcapsule, namely, the fire retardant is filled in the microcapsule, the microcapsule melts when meeting high temperature, the melting point is about, and the melting point needs to be higher than the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material, when the phase-change material melts and reaches the temperature, the battery is probably in a thermal runaway state, and the fire retardant after the microcapsule melts can play a certain fire-retardant role in the battery.
The barrier explosion-proof material 3 is made of graphite foam, has the advantages of low density, large heat conductivity coefficient and strong impact absorption and shock absorption capacity, and has a good effect when being applied to the barrier explosion-proof safety design of the petroleum storage tank, so the design is in consideration of the petroleum storage tank, and a layer of graphite foam is covered on the phase-change material to play a role in barrier explosion-proof.
The heat insulating layer 5 covers the microchannel 4 with a layer of heat insulating material, and plays a role in making the heat generated by each battery in the battery pack independent, namely, not conducting to other battery modules.
The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology is formed by the single module array, and is shown in the attached figure 2.
The working process of the battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology is shown in the attached figure 3.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement modes, and all are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A battery thermal management system applying a barrier explosion-proof technology is characterized by comprising a plurality of single modules for thermal management in an array mode; the single module comprises a battery and four functional layers which wrap the battery from inside to outside in sequence; the four functional layers are a heat absorption layer, an explosion-proof layer, a cooling layer and a heat insulation layer from inside to outside in sequence; the cross section of the monomer module is designed in a regular hexagon structure; each single module is longitudinally arranged and transversely arranged, and one side surface of each single module is attached to and fixed with the side surface of the adjacent single module.
2. The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer contour of the heat absorbing layer is designed to be a regular hexagon structure, the inner contour is designed to be a circular structure, and the inner side face of the heat absorbing layer is fixedly attached to the outer side face of the battery.
3. The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat absorbing layer is made of a phase change material.
4. The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology according to claim 1, wherein microcapsules for flame retardance are further filled in the heat absorbing layer; the microcapsule is filled with a flame retardant; the melting point of the microcapsules was 60 degrees.
5. The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner side surface of the explosion-proof layer is fixedly attached to the heat absorbing layer, and the outer side surface of the explosion-proof layer is fixedly attached to the heat insulating layer; the explosion-proof layer is made of graphite foam materials.
6. The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling layer is composed of a plurality of liquid cooling working medium micro-channels, and the liquid cooling working medium micro-channels are embedded between the explosion-proof layer and the heat insulating layer and are longitudinally arranged in parallel.
7. The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat insulating layer covers the outermost side of the single modules, the inner side surfaces of the heat insulating layer are respectively attached and fixed with the explosion-proof layer and the cooling layer, and the outer side surfaces of the heat insulating layer are respectively attached and fixed with the adjacent single modules.
8. The battery thermal management system applying the barrier explosion-proof technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein three liquid cooling working medium micro-channels which are mutually spaced and parallel are arranged on each side surface of the single module.
CN202023029213.7U 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Battery thermal management system applying barrier explosion-proof technology Active CN214153004U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116093489A (en) * 2023-01-05 2023-05-09 三峡大学 Composite battery thermal management system with hexagonal structure
WO2023169087A1 (en) * 2022-03-10 2023-09-14 山东大学 Thermal management and thermal spread suppression method for power battery based on lumped model

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023169087A1 (en) * 2022-03-10 2023-09-14 山东大学 Thermal management and thermal spread suppression method for power battery based on lumped model
CN116093489A (en) * 2023-01-05 2023-05-09 三峡大学 Composite battery thermal management system with hexagonal structure
CN116093489B (en) * 2023-01-05 2023-10-27 三峡大学 Composite battery thermal management system with hexagonal structure

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Effective date of registration: 20240424

Address after: 230000 B-2704, wo Yuan Garden, 81 Ganquan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui.

Patentee after: HEFEI LONGZHI ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

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Effective date of registration: 20240630

Address after: Room 1706, Unit 2, Building 13, Changchunyuan, Cambridge County, Peacock City, Gu'anju West, Langfang City, Hebei Province, 065000

Patentee after: Lin Lihui

Country or region after: China

Address before: 230000 B-2704, wo Yuan Garden, 81 Ganquan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui.

Patentee before: HEFEI LONGZHI ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Country or region before: China