CN214054771U - Special abrasive belt polishing device for spherical part with through hole - Google Patents

Abstract

The special abrasive belt polishing device for the spherical part with the through hole comprises: x automatic linear sliding platform edge X; the arc swing mechanism is arranged on the X automatic linear sliding table; the axis of the oscillating shaft of the arc oscillating mechanism passes through the spherical center of the workpiece in a clamping state; the abrasive belt machine is arranged on the arc swing mechanism through the lifting mechanism, can be lifted and can swing back and forth along an arc relative to the swing axis of the arc swing mechanism. In the process of polishing the abrasive belt, the abrasive belt of the abrasive belt machine reciprocates on the surface of a spherical part with a through hole, the acting force of the abrasive belt on the surface of a workpiece always points to the spherical center of the spherical surface, so that the polishing pressure on different positions of the surface of the workpiece is consistent.

Description

Special abrasive belt polishing device for spherical part with through hole

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of automatic polishing equipment, in particular to a special abrasive belt polishing device for spherical parts with through holes.

Background

Polishing technology has been the most important processing method in curved surface ultra-precision processing. Research and development of a high-efficiency, high-quality and low-cost curved surface polishing method is one of the main directions of development of the curved surface polishing technology.

The special surface shape of the ball-type part presents certain difficulties for the high-quality polishing of its surface. For a spherical part with a through hole (the part is one of plane flow distribution components in a hydraulic motor) shown in the attached drawings, at present, a polishing method adopted by a production department is to firstly carry out manual rough polishing by using an abrasive belt machine and then carry out fine polishing by using a cloth wheel, so that the surface quality requirement required by the next working procedure is met. However, practical production has shown that this polishing method has the following disadvantages: 1) the polishing process depends on manpower, the processing efficiency is low, and the labor cost is high; 2) the polishing uniformity and the surface quality consistency are poor; 3) the polishing process needs two procedures to be realized, namely abrasive belt polishing and cloth wheel polishing, and the processing is complicated.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a polishing process suitable for ball-type parts with through holes in view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a special abrasive belt polishing device for spherical parts with through holes, which is matched with a matched workpiece clamping and rotating device for use, can replace manpower to carry out abrasive belt polishing on spherical parts with through holes, and has high processing efficiency and low cost; in addition, the device is used for polishing the surface of the spherical part with the through hole, so that the polishing uniformity and the surface quality consistency are good.

The application provides following technical scheme, the dedicated abrasive band burnishing device of spherical part with through-hole, this equipment includes:

an X automatic linear sliding table;

an arc swing mechanism; the arc swing mechanism is arranged on the X automatic linear sliding table and can move in the X direction;

and, an abrasive belt machine; the belt sander is arranged on the arc swinging mechanism through the lifting mechanism, so that the belt sander can be lifted and can swing back and forth along an arc relative to the swinging axis line of the arc swinging mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the abrasive belt polishing device special for the spherical part with the through hole skillfully arranges the abrasive belt machine on the circular arc swing mechanism, and is matched with a matched workpiece clamping and rotating device for use.

As an optimization, in the special abrasive belt polishing device for spherical parts with through holes, the circular arc swinging mechanism comprises a swinging shaft assembly, a swinging disc motor assembly and a swinging frame, and the swinging shaft assembly and the swinging disc motor assembly are arranged on the X automatic linear sliding table; the swinging shaft assembly comprises a swinging shaft box body and a swinging shaft, and the swinging shaft is arranged in the swinging shaft box body; the swing frame is connected with the swing shaft and can swing around the axis of the swing shaft; the swing disc motor component is used for driving the swing frame to swing back and forth around the swing shaft; the wobble plate motor assembly comprises a wobble plate motor base, a wobble plate motor, a wobble plate, a guide rod and a guide bearing, wherein the wobble plate motor is arranged on the wobble plate motor base, the wobble plate is arranged on the wobble plate motor and can be driven by the wobble plate motor to rotate, the guide rod is eccentrically fixed on the wobble plate, the guide bearing is sleeved on the guide rod, and the outer ring of the guide bearing is matched with the linear guide groove on the wobble frame and can slide in the linear guide groove. The arc swing mechanism adopts the structure, has compact structure, is easy to manufacture and has high reliability.

Further, in the abrasive belt polishing device special for the spherical part with the through hole, the swing shaft is connected with the swing shaft box body through the swing shaft support bearing, and the swing frame is fixedly connected with the swing shaft. The coupling structure is easy to implement and high in reliability.

Further, in the abrasive belt polishing device special for the spherical part with the through hole, the eccentric distance of the guide rod relative to the swinging plate is adjustable. The eccentric distance of the guide rod relative to the swinging disk is adjustable, so that the swinging angle of the abrasive belt can be adjusted according to the size of the spherical surface on the workpiece, and the whole spherical surface of the workpiece can be covered by polishing. The formula for calculating the eccentricity of the guide rod relative to the wobble plate is as follows: r is H sin alpha/2, wherein R is the distance between the central line of the guide rod and the rotating central line of the wobble plate; h is the distance between the rotation center line of the swinging plate and the center line of the swinging shaft; alpha is the angle that the swing frame needs to rotate when the polishing area covers the whole spherical surface to be polished.

Preferably, in the abrasive belt polishing device for spherical parts with through holes, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting driving element, a clamping seat and a Z-direction sliding table mechanism, the lifting driving element and the Z-direction sliding table mechanism are arranged on the swing frame, the clamping seat is arranged on a sliding block of the Z-direction sliding table mechanism, and the lifting driving element is connected with the clamping seat and can drive the clamping seat to lift; the abrasive belt machine is clamped and fixed by the clamping seat. The lifting mechanism adopts the structure, has high structural reliability and is easy to implement. Further, the lifting driving element is a cylinder. The lifting driving element adopts the air cylinder, the polishing pressure of the abrasive belt acting on the workpiece can be changed by adjusting the air pressure in the air cylinder, the polishing pressure can be controlled accurately easily, and the air cylinder also has a buffering effect and is not easy to cause impact damage to the workpiece in the pressing process.

Preferably, in the special abrasive belt polishing device for the spherical part with the through hole, the abrasive belt on the abrasive belt machine is a pyramid abrasive belt. The pyramid abrasive belt is suitable for fine grinding, generates less heat during polishing, and is shallow in a processing deterioration layer, so that higher surface quality of parts can be obtained.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram (clamped workpiece) of a special abrasive belt polishing device for a spherical part with a through hole according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a partial projection view of the polishing apparatus of FIG. 1 in the X direction;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a belt polishing apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a workpiece holding and rotating device (a held workpiece) in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cloth wheel polishing apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;

in the drawings, the reference numbers: 1-a workbench; 2-abrasive belt polishing device, 2 a-arc swing mechanism, 20-X automatic linear sliding table, 21-swing disc motor component, 211-swing disc motor base, 212-swing disc motor, 213-swing disc, 214-guide rod, 215-guide bearing, 22-swing frame, 221-linear guide groove, 23-lifting mechanism, 231-lifting driving element, 232-clamping base, 234-Z direction sliding table mechanism, 24-swing shaft component, 241-swing shaft box body, 242-swing shaft and 25-abrasive belt machine; 3-a workpiece clamping and rotating device, 31-a base, 32-a chuck seat, 33-a self-rotation motor, 34-a spindle and 35-a chuck; 4-cloth wheel polishing device, 40-Y automatic linear sliding table, 410-cloth wheel motor bracket, 411-cloth wheel motor and 412-cloth wheel; 5-workpiece.

Detailed Description

The following description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments (examples), but not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example (b):

in this embodiment, the utility model discloses an abrasive band burnishing device 2 corresponds with work piece centre gripping rotating device 3 and cloth wheel burnishing device 4 and locates on the workstation 1, constitutes the dedicated abrasive band polishing equipment of spherical part that has the through-hole.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the apparatus comprises:

a work table 1;

a workpiece holding and rotating device 3; the workpiece clamping and rotating device 3 is arranged on the workbench 1 along the Y direction and is used for clamping the workpiece 5 from the inner side and driving the workpiece 5 to rotate;

an X automatic linear slide table 20; the X automatic linear sliding table 20 is arranged on the workbench 1 along the X direction corresponding to the workpiece clamping and rotating device 3;

an arc swing mechanism 2 a; the arc swinging mechanism 2a is arranged on the X automatic linear sliding table 20 and can move in the X direction; the swinging axis line of the arc swinging mechanism 2a passes through the spherical center of the workpiece 5 in a clamping state;

and, an abrasive belt machine 25; the belt sander 25 is provided on the circular arc swing mechanism 2a via the lifting mechanism 23 so as to be liftable and swingable in a reciprocating manner along the circular arc with respect to the swing axis of the circular arc swing mechanism 2 a.

In this embodiment, the X-automatic linear slide table 20, the arc swing mechanism 2a, the lifting mechanism 23, and the belt sander 25 constitute the belt sander 2. During machining, the workpiece clamping and rotating device 3 clamps (namely stretches into a through hole in the workpiece 5 for clamping) the workpiece 5 from the inner side and drives the workpiece 5 to rotate (rotate), the X-shaped automatic linear sliding table 20 pushes the abrasive belt machine 25 to a position right above the workpiece 5, the lifting mechanism 23 drives the abrasive belt machine 25 to descend to enable the abrasive belt to be in contact with the surface of the workpiece, the arc swinging mechanism 2a drives the abrasive belt to reciprocate along the spherical surface to be polished on the workpiece, and materials are removed from the spherical surface on the workpiece through friction effect, so that polishing is achieved. Because the abrasive belt always points to the spherical center of the spherical surface on the workpiece to contact with the workpiece and reciprocates along the surface of the workpiece, the polishing pressure on each part of the workpiece is consistent in the polishing process, the surface material of the workpiece is uniformly removed, and the quality consistency of the surface of the workpiece is good after processing.

In this embodiment, the arc swing mechanism 2a includes a swing shaft assembly 24, a swing disc motor assembly 21 and a swing frame 22, and the swing shaft assembly 24 and the swing disc motor assembly 21 are disposed on the X automatic linear sliding table 20; the swing shaft assembly 24 comprises a swing shaft box 241 and a swing shaft 242, the swing shaft 242 is coupled with the swing shaft box 241 through a swing shaft support bearing, and the swing frame 22 is fixedly coupled with the swing shaft 242; the swing disc motor assembly 21 is used for driving the swing frame 22 to swing back and forth around a swing shaft 242; the wobble plate motor assembly 21 comprises a wobble plate motor base 211, a wobble plate motor 212, a wobble plate 213, a guide rod 214 and a guide bearing 215, wherein the wobble plate motor 212 is arranged on the wobble plate motor base 211, the wobble plate 213 is arranged on the wobble plate motor 212 and can be driven by the wobble plate motor 212 to rotate, the guide rod 214 is eccentrically fixed on the wobble plate 213, the guide bearing 215 is sleeved on the guide rod 214, and the outer ring of the guide bearing 215 is matched with the linear guide groove 221 on the swing frame 22 and can slide in the linear guide groove 221. During operation, the wobble plate motor 212 drives the wobble plate 213 to rotate, the wobble plate 213 drives the guide bearing 215 to rotate around the rotation center line of the wobble plate 213 through the eccentrically arranged guide rod 214, and the guide bearing 215 slides in the linear guide groove 221 to enable the swing frame 22 to swing back and forth around the swing shaft 242. Since the center line of the swing shaft 242 passes through the center of the spherical surface on the workpiece 5, the abrasive belt is in contact with the workpiece 5 and moves along the spherical surface on the workpiece 5 during operation.

In this embodiment, the eccentricity of the guide rod 214 relative to the wobble plate 213 is adjustable, specifically, the guide rod 214 and the wobble plate 213 are fixedly connected by bolts, the wobble plate 213 is provided with an elongated bolt mounting hole, and the position of the guide rod 214 can be adjusted along the elongated bolt mounting hole. In use, the position of the guide rod 214 can be adjusted to accommodate workpieces of different sizes. The eccentricity of the guide rod 214 relative to the wobble plate 213 is calculated by the following formula: r ═ H × sin α/2, where R is the distance (i.e., eccentricity) between the center line of the stem 214 and the center line of rotation of the wobble plate 213; h is the distance between the rotation center line of the wobble plate 213 and the center line of the wobble shaft 242; α is the angle at which the swing frame 22 needs to be rotated so that the polishing area covers the entire spherical surface to be polished. (center line of rotation of the wobble plate 213, i.e., the center line of the shaft of the wobble plate motor 212)

In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 23 includes a lifting driving element 231, a clamping seat 232 and a Z-direction sliding table mechanism 234, the lifting driving element 231 and the Z-direction sliding table mechanism 234 are disposed on the swing frame 22, the clamping seat 232 is disposed on a slider of the Z-direction sliding table mechanism 234, and the lifting driving element 231 is connected with the clamping seat 232 to drive the clamping seat 232 to lift; the belt sander 25 is clamped and fixed by the clamping seat 232. During operation, the lifting driving element 231 lifts through the driving clamping seat 232, and the belt sander is driven to lift.

In this embodiment, the lifting driving element 231 is an air cylinder. When the abrasive belt polishing device works, the polishing pressure of the abrasive belt on a workpiece can be changed by adjusting the air pressure in the air cylinder.

In this embodiment, the abrasive belt on the belt sander 25 is an a3 pyramid abrasive belt.

In this embodiment, the workpiece clamping and rotating device 3 includes a base 31 disposed on the workbench 1, a chuck seat 32 is disposed on the base 31, a spindle 34 is disposed in the chuck seat 32 along the Y direction, the spindle 34 is coupled to the chuck seat 32 through a spindle support bearing 36, two sides of the chuck seat 32 are respectively provided with a rotation motor 33 and a chuck 35, and two ends of the spindle 34 are respectively in transmission connection with the rotation motor 33 and the chuck 35. When the automatic clamping device works, the chuck 35 extends into a through hole of a workpiece to clamp the workpiece, and the rotation motor 33 drives the chuck 35 to rotate through the spindle 34, so that the workpiece 5 is driven to rotate.

The equipment of the embodiment also comprises a cloth wheel polishing device 4 which is arranged corresponding to the workpiece clamping and rotating device 3; the cloth wheel polishing device 4 comprises a Y-direction automatic linear sliding table 40 arranged on the workbench 1, a cloth wheel motor support 410 is arranged on a sliding block of the Y-direction automatic linear sliding table 40, a cloth wheel motor 411 is arranged on the cloth wheel motor support 410, and a rotating shaft of the cloth wheel motor 411 is connected with a cloth wheel 412. When the polishing machine works, the cloth wheel can be driven to rotate by the cloth wheel motor 411, and meanwhile, the cloth wheel performs reciprocating motion in the Y direction along with the sliding block of the Y automatic linear sliding table 40 to perform cloth wheel polishing on a workpiece 5.

It should be noted that the directions X and Y in the present application should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, and both directions X and Y may be construed as being perpendicular to each other.

In addition, the "workpiece" of the present application refers to a ball-type part with a through hole, and is not limited to the part shown in the embodiment drawings (hydraulic motor planar flow distribution assembly).

The above general description of the invention and the description of the specific embodiments thereof in this application should not be construed as limiting the invention. Those skilled in the art can add, reduce or combine the technical features disclosed in the above general description and/or the embodiments to form other technical solutions within the scope of the present application without departing from the constituent elements of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The special abrasive belt polishing device for the spherical part with the through hole is characterized by comprising the following components:

an X automatic linear slide table (20);

a circular arc swing mechanism (2 a); the arc swinging mechanism (2a) is arranged on the X automatic linear sliding table (20) and can move in the X direction;

and, an abrasive belt machine (25); the belt sander (25) is arranged on the arc swing mechanism (2a) through the lifting mechanism (23), thereby being capable of lifting and swinging back and forth along an arc relative to the swing axis of the arc swing mechanism (2 a).

2. The special abrasive belt polishing device for the spherical parts with the through holes, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circular arc swing mechanism (2a) comprises a swing shaft assembly (24), a swing disc motor assembly (21) and a swing frame (22), the swing shaft assembly (24) and the swing disc motor assembly (21) are arranged on the X automatic linear sliding table (20);

the swing shaft assembly (24) comprises a swing shaft box body (241) and a swing shaft (242), and the swing shaft (242) is arranged in the swing shaft box body (241); the swing frame (22) is connected with the swing shaft (242) and can swing around the axis of the swing shaft (242);

the swing disc motor assembly (21) is used for driving the swing frame (22) to swing back and forth around the swing shaft (242); the swing disc motor assembly (21) comprises a swing disc motor base (211), a swing disc motor (212), a swing disc (213), a guide rod (214) and a guide bearing (215), the swing disc motor (212) is arranged on the swing disc motor base (211), the swing disc (213) is arranged on the swing disc motor (212) and can be driven by the swing disc motor (212) to rotate, the guide rod (214) is eccentrically fixed on the swing disc (213), the guide bearing (215) is sleeved on the guide rod (214), and the outer ring of the guide bearing (215) is matched with a linear guide groove (221) on a swing frame (22) and can slide in the linear guide groove (221).

3. The belt sander of claim 2, wherein the swing shaft (242) is coupled to the swing shaft housing (241) through a swing shaft support bearing, and the swing frame (22) is fixedly coupled to the swing shaft (242).

4. The special abrasive belt polishing device for the ball-type part with the through hole as claimed in claim 2, wherein the eccentricity of the guide rod (214) with respect to the wobble plate (213) is adjustable.

5. The special abrasive belt polishing device for the spherical parts with the through holes, as recited in claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism (23) comprises a lifting driving element (231), a clamping seat (232) and a Z-direction sliding mechanism (234), the lifting driving element (231) and the Z-direction sliding mechanism (234) are arranged on the swing frame (22), the clamping seat (232) is arranged on a sliding block of the Z-direction sliding mechanism (234), and the lifting driving element (231) is connected with the clamping seat (232) to drive the clamping seat (232) to lift; the abrasive belt machine (25) is clamped and fixed by a clamping seat (232).

6. The belt sander for ball-type parts with through-hole according to claim 5, wherein said lift driving element (231) is a cylinder.

7. The special abrasive belt polishing device for the spherical parts with the through holes, which is characterized in that the abrasive belt on the abrasive belt machine (25) is a pyramid abrasive belt.

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