CN213879226U - Rail transit alternating-current online ice melting system - Google Patents
Rail transit alternating-current online ice melting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213879226U CN213879226U CN202022173820.4U CN202022173820U CN213879226U CN 213879226 U CN213879226 U CN 213879226U CN 202022173820 U CN202022173820 U CN 202022173820U CN 213879226 U CN213879226 U CN 213879226U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a track traffic exchanges online ice-melt system. The system comprises an alternating current online ice melting device, wherein the alternating current online ice melting device is arranged at a station at the middle position of a line needing ice melting, the station at the middle position comprises a voltage reduction substation, the head and tail stations of the line needing ice melting are traction substations, the alternating current input of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected with a three-phase alternating current power grid, one end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the middle point of an uplink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting, the other end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the middle point of a downlink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting, and the alternating current online ice melting device and the uplink and downlink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting form an ice melting path together. When ice needs to be melted, the voltage provided by the alternating current online ice melting device is the ice melting voltage and forms a path, and the ice melting current flows through the ice melting path, so that the alternating current online ice melting is realized. The utility model realizes the ice melting of the contact net without influencing the power supply of the contact net, and avoids the complex switching operation required by the traditional ice melting method; can prevent the contact net from icing.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a track traffic safety control technical field especially relates to a track traffic exchanges online ice-melt system.
Background
As an important infrastructure related to the national civilization, the urban rail transit is easy to cause the icing phenomenon of a contact net on the ground and on lines in a vehicle section under the climatic conditions of low temperature, freezing rain, wet snow, freezing and the like. When the contact line is covered with ice, an arc discharge phenomenon is generated between the contact line and the pantograph, so that the train cannot normally take current, the network pressure is unstable, even serious accidents such as line breakage, pantograph opening and the like can be caused, the train operation is influenced, and serious economic loss and social influence can be brought.
At present, the most commonly adopted measure for coping with the icing of a contact network in the prior art is thermal deicing. The thermal deicing is to apply deicing current to an overhead line system at an icing section and utilize joule heat generated by the current through the resistance of a lead of the overhead line system to melt the icing. The existing ice melting scheme needs to be carried out under the condition of power failure of a contact network, complex switching operation is needed, and the contact network can cause train shutdown after power failure, so that the trip of people is influenced, and traffic jam is caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a rail transit exchanges online ice-melt system of exchanging under the condition that does not influence the contact net power supply, realizes contact net ice-melt and anti-icing function.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.
A rail transit alternating current online ice melting system comprises:
the alternating current online ice melting device is arranged at a station at the middle position of a line needing ice melting, the station at the middle position comprises a voltage reduction substation, the head and tail stations of the line needing ice melting are traction substations, the alternating current input of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected with a three-phase alternating current power grid, one end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the midpoint of an uplink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting, the other end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the midpoint of a downlink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting, the alternating current online ice melting device and the uplink and downlink overhead contact systems of the line needing ice melting form an ice melting path together, and alternating current online ice melting is realized through alternating current flowing through the ice melting path.
Preferably, the alternating current online ice melting device comprises an isolation transformer, an AC/DC converter and a DC/AC converter which are sequentially connected in series, an alternating current input port of the isolation transformer is connected with an alternating current power grid, an alternating current output port of the isolation transformer is connected with the AC/DC converter and the DC/AC converter, three-phase alternating current input from the outside is converted into direct current by the front-stage AC/DC converter after passing through the isolation transformer, and then the direct current is inverted into single-phase alternating current with voltage and frequency meeting ice melting requirements by the rear-stage DC/AC converter.
Preferably, the alternating current online ice melting device further comprises a low-voltage switch cabinet, wherein the positive electrode of the low-voltage switch cabinet is connected with the circuit breaker, and the negative electrode of the low-voltage switch cabinet is connected with the isolating switch.
Preferably, the ice melting paths include a left ice melting path and a right ice melting path, and the left ice melting path is: after the current flows out of the alternating current online ice melting device, the current flows through the left part of the uplink overhead line system, the left traction substation rectifier unit bus and the left part of the downlink overhead line system and then flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device; the right ice melting path is as follows: after the current flows out of the alternating current online ice melting device, the current flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device after flowing through the right part of the uplink overhead contact system, the right traction substation rectifier unit bus and the right part of the downlink overhead contact system.
Preferably, the left ice melting path and the right ice melting path are in parallel connection, the resistances of the left ice melting path and the right ice melting path are equal, and the currents flowing through the left ice melting path and the right ice melting path are equal.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the ice melting of the contact network is realized under the condition that the power supply of the contact network is not influenced, so that the influence on the train operation is avoided; the complex switching operation and the risk required by the traditional ice melting mode are avoided; the ice melting path is simple, and does not form a loop with the train and the steel rail, so that the problems of potential rise of the steel rail and current increase are avoided; an anti-icing mode is provided, icing of the contact net can be prevented, and the situation that the contact net is iced again in a short time after ice melting is avoided; has the function of recovering the regenerative braking energy of the train.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an online ice melting system for rail transit ac provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of another rail transit ac online ice melting system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an ac online ice melting apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a processing flow chart of an alternating current online ice melting method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a processing flow chart of another method for melting ice online by alternating current provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a connection mode of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments are not limited thereto.
Example one
The utility model provides a rail transit exchanges online ice-melt system and method under the condition that does not influence the power supply of rail transit contact net, realizes that rail transit's contact net is anti-icing and ice-melt. Compared with the traditional ice melting mode, the power failure switching operation of a contact network is not needed, and the operation of a line train is not influenced. The method utilizes the skin effect of the high-frequency alternating current power supply to increase the line impedance and reduce the ice melting current value.
The utility model provides a multi-functional online ice-melt system of exchanging of track traffic, through installing the online ice-melt device of dedicated interchange in specific place, this online ice-melt device of interchange constitutes the ice-melt passageway with the line ascending and descending contact net of needs ice-melt together, realizes exchanging online ice-melt.
The AC online ice melting device is essentially a special high-frequency AC power supply converter, and the high-frequency AC power supply converter has the functions of: and converting the alternating current input by the three-phase alternating current network into single-phase high-frequency alternating current meeting the ice melting requirement. The topology of the high frequency ac power converter may include: AC-DC and DC-AC two-stage converters.
The alternating current online ice melting device is arranged at a station at the middle position of a line needing ice melting, and the station at the middle position is a step-down substation. The first and last stations of the line needing to be melted are traction substations. And the alternating current input of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected with a three-phase alternating current power grid, one end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the midpoint of the uplink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting, and the other end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the midpoint of the downlink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting.
The ice melting paths comprise a left ice melting path and a right ice melting path, wherein the left ice melting path is as follows: after the current flows out of the alternating current online ice melting device, the current flows through the left part of the uplink overhead line system, the left traction substation rectifier unit bus and the left part of the downlink overhead line system and then flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device; the ice melting path on the right side is as follows: after the current flows out of the alternating current online ice melting device, the current flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device after flowing through the right part of the uplink overhead contact system, the right traction substation rectifier unit bus and the right part of the downlink overhead contact system. The left ice-melting path and the right ice-melting path are in parallel connection.
The ascending contact network and the descending contact network are only marked for distinguishing, the ascending contact network and the descending contact network are completely equivalent, and the connection sequence can be changed.
The skin effect is also called as skin effect, and means that when alternating current passes through a conductor, the current is concentrated on the surface of the conductor and flows, but is not evenly distributed in the cross section of the whole conductor, which is equivalent to reducing the cross section of current transmission and increasing the transmission resistance of a line.
Example two
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the utility model provides a structure of online ice-melt system of track traffic interchange, as shown in fig. 1, interchange online ice-melt device (1) and install the intermediate position station at needs ice-melt circuit, and this station includes step-down electric substation (8), and the first end station that needs ice-melt circuit should be traction electric substation (7). This is to avoid the short circuit of the ice melting device caused by the formation of a path by the uplink and downlink overhead contact system at the station at the middle position.
The alternating current online alternating current ice melting device (1) provides high-frequency alternating current which is loaded into an ice melting channel to generate a skin effect, so that electric heating ice melting is realized. One end of the output of the alternating current online alternating current ice melting device (1) is connected to the midpoint of an uplink overhead line system (2) of the line needing ice melting, and the other end of the output of the alternating current online alternating current ice melting device is connected to the midpoint of a downlink overhead line system (3) of the line needing ice melting, so that an ice melting path is formed. The ice melting path is specifically as follows: the current is divided into two parts after flowing out of the alternating current online ice melting device, wherein one part of the current is IaAfter flowing through the left part (21) of the ascending contact network, the rectifier unit bus (4) of the left traction substation and the left part (31) of the descending contact network, the current flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device to form a left ice melting loop; another part of the current IbAnd the ice flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device after flowing through the right part (22) of the uplink contact network, the rectifier unit bus (5) of the right traction substation and the right part (32) of the downlink contact network to form a right ice melting loop. Because the alternating current online ice melting device is connected at the midpoint of a contact net of a line needing ice melting, the resistances of the left and right loops are equal and are R1+R2The two are in parallel relation, and the current flowing through the two are also equal, i.e. Ia＝Ib. At this time, the process of the present invention,
R＝(R1+R2)/2 (1)
I＝Ia+Ib＝2Ia＝2Ib (2)
wherein R is total resistance of ice melting channel, I is output current of AC online ice melting device, Ia、IbIs the ice melting current flowing through the overhead line system.
With such ice melting systems and methods, there are several benefits: the left and right loops of the ice melting passage are in parallel connection, so that the ice melting currents flowing through contact nets on the left and right sides of the ice melting device are equal; the total resistance of the ice melting path is reduced, so that the amplitude of the introduced alternating-current ice melting voltage is not too large while the ice melting current meets the ice melting requirement; the method adopts an alternating-current ice melting mode, namely, an alternating-current ice melting voltage component is added to the direct-current voltage of the contact network, the average value of the direct-current voltage of the contact network is not changed, the caused direct-current network voltage fluctuation can be also considered by a train traction system, and the train operation cannot be influenced; based on the skin effect, the effective value of the ice melting current is smaller than that of the ice melting current required by direct current ice melting.
The alternating-current online ice melting device is designed with an anti-icing mode, and the situation that the contact net is covered with ice again in a short time after ice melting due to severe weather factors can be effectively avoided.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of another rail transit AC online ice melting system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the AC online ice melting device mainly includes an isolation transformer (11), an AC/DC converter (12), and a DC/AC converter (13) connected in series in sequence as a dedicated ice melting power source. The three-phase alternating current input to the alternating current online ice melting device is introduced by a 35kV or 0.4kV power grid of a step-down substation, the input three-phase alternating current is converted into direct current by a front-stage AC/DC converter after passing through an isolation transformer, and then the direct current is inverted into single-phase alternating current with voltage and frequency meeting ice melting requirements by a rear-stage DC/AC converter so as to provide energy for ice melting. Fig. 3 is the utility model provides a structure of exchanging online ice-melt device, as shown in fig. 3, exchange online ice-melt device and include a low tension switchgear, an anodal circuit breaker to and a negative pole isolator (14), provide the protection for ice-melt device on the one hand, on the other hand is convenient for cut ice-melt device.
Fig. 4 is a processing flow chart of the ac online ice melting method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:
s410: the working modes of the alternating current online ice melting device comprise an ice melting mode and an anti-icing mode.
And detecting the icing condition of the contact net of the line needing to melt ice, and setting working voltage according to the icing condition. The working voltage comprises: when the icing value of the contact net of the line needing to melt ice is greater than or equal to the icing warning value,at the moment, the alternating current online ice melting device works in an ice melting mode, and the provided voltage is an ice melting voltage V1And a path is formed, and the current required by the ice melting of the contact net is the ice melting current I1(ii) a When the icing value of the contact net of the line needing ice melting is smaller than the icing warning value, but the icing condition is judged to occur according to weather factors such as the current environmental temperature, the wind speed condition and the like, the current required by the contact net for ice prevention is the anti-icing current I2At the moment, the alternating current online ice melting device works in an anti-icing mode, and the provided voltage is anti-icing voltage V2。
The method for acquiring the ice melting value of the ice melting line can be implemented by manually observing or installing a monitoring camera on the ice melting line to shoot pictures, and identifying the ice coating value by combining an intelligent algorithm.
S420: when working in the ice melting mode, the AC online ice melting device is started to operate and provides ice melting voltage V1And forming a passage, wherein the current flowing through the ice melting passage is ice melting current I1(ii) a When the device works in the anti-icing mode, the alternating current online ice melting device is operated and started, and the alternating current online ice melting device provides anti-icing voltage V2And forming a path, the current flowing through the ice melting path is the anti-icing current I2。
As shown in fig. 5, the online ice melting method further includes the steps of:
s430: in the ice-melting mode, after the alternating current online ice-melting device works for a period of time, when the icing value of a contact network of a line needing ice melting is less than the icing warning value, the alternating current online ice-melting device is switched to the anti-icing mode, and the voltage provided by the alternating current online ice-melting device is the anti-icing voltage V2And forming a path, wherein the current required by the contact network for deicing is the anti-icing current, and the anti-icing current flows through the deicing path. And in the anti-icing mode, when the possibility of icing is judged to be no longer present according to weather factors such as the current environment temperature, the wind speed condition and the like, the ice melting device is closed.
The working modes of the online ice melting device can be switched manually, and the controller can also control the switching according to the ice coating value. Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a connection mode of a controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the controller can be embedded in an ac online ice melting device.
The calculation formula of the working voltage of the alternating-current online ice melting device is as follows:
V1＝I1×R (3)
V2＝I2×R (4)
ice melting current I1And anti-icing current I2The value of (b) is related to weather factors such as ambient temperature and wind speed conditions, and can be obtained through calculation. Wherein the ice melting current I1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
for the soft ice:
for rime:
I1-the ice-melting current in units of: a;
R0-the resistance of the wire per unit length at an air temperature of 0 ℃ in units of: omega/m;
Tr-ice melting time in units of: h;
Δ t-the difference between the conductor temperature and the ambient air temperature, in units of: DEG C;
RTO-equivalent ice layer thermal conduction resistance, unit is: c cm/W;
RT1-convection and radiation equivalent thermal resistance, in units: c cm/W;
go-the density of the ice in units of: g/cm3；
b-ice layer thickness, namely ice thickness of each edge of the ice coating, and the unit is as follows: cm;
d-wire diameter, unit: cm;
d is the outer diameter of the conductor after being coated with ice, and the unit is: cm;
v-wind speed, in units: m/s;
λ -thermal conductivity, in units: w/cm. degree.C.
Anti-icing current I2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein epsiloniIs the emissivity coefficient; t is t1The temperature for ensuring that the wire does not ice; t is t2The ambient temperature at which ice forms.
In the formula, V1 V2 I1 I2All are effective values.
With such ice melting systems and methods, there are several benefits: the left and right loops of the ice melting passage are in parallel connection, so that the ice melting currents flowing through contact nets on the left and right sides of the ice melting device are equal; the total resistance of the ice melting path is reduced, so that the amplitude of the introduced alternating-current ice melting voltage is not too large while the ice melting current meets the ice melting requirement; the method adopts an alternating-current ice melting mode, namely, an alternating-current ice melting voltage component is added to the direct-current voltage of the contact network, the average value of the direct-current voltage of the contact network is not changed, the caused direct-current network voltage fluctuation can be also considered by a train traction system, and the train operation cannot be influenced; based on the skin effect, the ice melting current required is smaller compared to direct current ice melting.
After the alternating current online ice melting device finishes ice melting on the contact network, the contact network can be coated with ice again due to severe weather factors, and the ice preventing mode of the alternating current online ice melting device is started at the moment, so that the situation that the contact network is repeatedly coated with ice can be effectively avoided.
To sum up, the utility model realizes the ice melting of the contact network under the condition of not influencing the power supply of the contact network, and avoids the influence on the train operation; the method adopts an alternating-current ice melting mode, the average voltage value of the contact network is unchanged, and the influence of the ice melting voltage on the contact network is avoided; based on the skin effect, the size of the ice melting current is reduced; the power failure is not needed in the ice melting process of the overhead contact system, so that the influence on the train operation is avoided; the complex switching operation and the risk required by the traditional ice melting mode are avoided; the anti-icing mode is provided, icing of the contact net can be prevented, and the situation that the contact net is iced again in a short time after ice melting is avoided.
The special ice melting device is arranged at the section of the line needing ice melting, high-frequency ice melting current is transmitted to the overhead contact system through the ice melting channel, thermal ice melting and ice prevention are realized by utilizing the skin effect, the complex switching operation required by the traditional ice melting method is avoided, the normal power supply of the overhead contact system and the operation of a line train are not influenced, the structure is simple, and the realization is easy. In addition, compared with a direct-current ice melting scheme, the high-frequency alternating-current ice melting is adopted, the ice melting current is small, the average value of the voltage of a contact network cannot be changed, high-frequency harmonic waves can be easily filtered by a vehicle-mounted filter, and the train operation cannot be influenced.
The left and right loops of the ice melting passage are in parallel connection, so that the ice melting currents flowing through contact nets on the left and right sides of the ice melting device are equal; the total resistance of the ice melting path is reduced, so that the amplitude of the introduced alternating-current ice melting voltage is not too large while the ice melting current meets the ice melting requirement; the method adopts an alternating-current ice melting mode, namely, an alternating-current ice melting voltage component is added to the direct-current voltage of the contact network, the average value of the direct-current voltage of the contact network is not changed, the caused direct-current network voltage fluctuation can be also considered by a train traction system, and the train operation cannot be influenced; based on the skin effect, the ice melting current required is smaller compared to direct current ice melting.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or processes in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The rail transit alternating current online ice melting system is characterized by comprising:
the alternating current online ice melting device is arranged at a station at the middle position of a line needing ice melting, the station at the middle position comprises a voltage reduction substation, the head and tail stations of the line needing ice melting are traction substations, the alternating current input of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected with a three-phase alternating current power grid, one end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the midpoint of an uplink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting, the other end of the output of the alternating current online ice melting device is connected to the midpoint of a downlink overhead contact system of the line needing ice melting, the alternating current online ice melting device and the uplink and downlink overhead contact systems of the line needing ice melting form an ice melting path together, and alternating current online ice melting is realized through alternating current flowing through the ice melting path.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the AC online deicing device comprises an isolation transformer, an AC/DC converter and a DC/AC converter which are connected in series in sequence, an AC input port of the isolation transformer is connected to an AC power grid, an AC output port of the isolation transformer is connected to the AC/DC converter and the DC/AC converter, an externally input three-phase AC is converted into a DC power by the front-stage AC/DC converter after passing through the isolation transformer, and then the DC power is inverted into a single-phase AC power having a voltage and a frequency meeting deicing requirements by the rear-stage DC/AC converter.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the ac online deicing apparatus further comprises a low-voltage switch cabinet, wherein a positive electrode of the low-voltage switch cabinet is connected to the circuit breaker, and a negative electrode of the low-voltage switch cabinet is connected to the disconnecting switch.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the ice-melt paths comprise a left ice-melt path and a right ice-melt path, and wherein the left ice-melt path is: after the current flows out of the alternating current online ice melting device, the current flows through the left part of the uplink overhead line system, the left traction substation rectifier unit bus and the left part of the downlink overhead line system and then flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device; the right ice melting path is as follows: after the current flows out of the alternating current online ice melting device, the current flows back to the alternating current online ice melting device after flowing through the right part of the uplink overhead contact system, the right traction substation rectifier unit bus and the right part of the downlink overhead contact system.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the left ice-melting path and the right ice-melting path are in parallel, wherein the resistances of the left ice-melting path and the right ice-melting path are equal, and the currents flowing through the left ice-melting path and the right ice-melting path are equal.
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