CN213761273U - Waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter element and renewable activated carbon - Google Patents
Waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter element and renewable activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN213761273U CN213761273U CN202022057185.3U CN202022057185U CN213761273U CN 213761273 U CN213761273 U CN 213761273U CN 202022057185 U CN202022057185 U CN 202022057185U CN 213761273 U CN213761273 U CN 213761273U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter elements and renewable activated carbon, which comprises a heat exchange cooling component, a dry deacidification component, a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5), a waste heat boiler economizer (6), an activated carbon adsorption component and a flue gas emission component which are connected in sequence; a ceramic fiber filter pipe (24) coated with a catalyst is arranged in the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover; the heat exchange cooling assembly is connected to the incinerator (1) to remove acid, dust, denitration, dioxin and heavy metals from the flue gas; the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover is connected with the activated carbon adsorption component, a part of smoke discharged by the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover is introduced into the activated carbon adsorption component, and saturated activated carbon is desorbed and regenerated; the activated carbon adsorption component is reversely connected to the incinerator, and the desorbed and regenerated waste gas returns to the incinerator. The utility model discloses a purification and the full period discharge to reach standard of flue gas are realized to dry process deacidification, ceramic fibre denitration dust removal, active carbon adsorption dioxin and heavy metal.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a processing system of domestic waste incineration flue gas especially relates to a waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter core and active carbon can regenerate.
Background
Along with the acceleration of urbanization process and the continuous promotion of living standard, the production volume of domestic waste increases day by day, along with the development of technique, use domestic waste in burning electricity generation can not only solve the rubbish problem, also can change waste into valuables, produce the electric energy, realize good environmental value and economic value. Therefore, the number of garbage incineration power plants increases year by year, and the proportion of incineration in the household garbage disposal system also increases year by year, but the household garbage inevitably generates particulate matters, HCl and SO during incineration2Flue gas containing harmful substances such as NOx and dioxin needs to be subjected to treatment processes such as deacidification and denitration.
The deacidification process for the household garbage incineration flue gas in the prior art mainly comprises the following steps: the most common process routes of the dry method, the semi-dry method and the wet method are as follows: the semi-dry method of rotary spraying + dry method + cloth bag dust removal. The rotary spraying semi-dry method is characterized in that slaked lime slurry is conveyed into a rotary atomizer by utilizing the principle of spray drying, the rotating speed of the rotary atomizer is 8000-15000r/min, the slaked lime slurry is atomized into fog drops with the average drop diameter of 30-40um and sprayed into a reaction tower, acidic substances in smoke are absorbed on the surfaces of the drops, chemical absorption reaction mainly comprising gas phase reaction and liquid phase reaction is carried out, salts such as calcium sulfate and the like are generated, meanwhile, heat in the smoke and the fog drops are subjected to forced convection heat transfer, the fog drops are fully evaporated, and solid reaction products are formed. The rotary atomizer is used as the most critical equipment in a flue gas purification system, the rotating speed is extremely high, the power consumption is high, the failure rate is high, and if the continuous and stable operation of the rotary atomizer cannot be guaranteed, the emission of acidic pollutants exceeds the standard risk. Therefore, the wet deacidification process is used in part of developed areas, but the wet deacidification process inevitably generates waste water.
Incineration cigarette for household garbage in prior artThe denitration process of the gas mainly comprises the following steps: the SNCR, SCR and SNCR denitration technology is characterized in that ammonia water, urea solution and other amino reducing agents are sprayed in a temperature window of 850-1100 ℃, and the reducing agents react with NOx to be removed. The denitration efficiency of the SNCR is low, generally 30-60%, and the SNCR cannot meet higher emission requirements with higher emission standards. The SCR denitration technology is in O2And in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, using a reducing agent NH within a temperature window of 180 ℃ to 230 DEG C3Reducing NOx in flue gas to N2And H2And the denitration efficiency of the O and SCR can reach more than 80%. The SCR is arranged at the rear end of the bag-type dust remover, the temperature of the outlet of the bag-type dust remover is about 145 ℃, the flue gas can reach an SCR reaction temperature window only by further heating, and the energy consumption and the treatment process are increased.
In the prior art, the technology for removing dioxin and heavy metal in flue gas generated by burning household garbage is mainly characterized in that activated carbon is sprayed into a flue gas pipeline before entering a dust remover through activated carbon adsorption, so that the activated carbon can adsorb dioxin, Hg and other heavy metal pollutants, the activated carbon is not saturated and enters a bag type dust remover together with the flue gas, and the activated carbon is adsorbed on the surface of a filter bag and fully contacts with the flue gas passing through the surface of the filter bag, so that the heavy metal and the dioxin are removed. However, the active carbon cannot be accurately metered in actual operation, so that the active carbon and the flue gas are not uniformly mixed, and the dioxin and the heavy metal have overproof risks.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter core and active carbon can regenerate through process steps such as dry process deacidification, ceramic fibre denitration dust removal, active carbon adsorption dioxin and heavy metal, has realized the purification and the full period discharge to reach standard of flue gas.
The utility model discloses a realize like this:
a waste incineration flue gas purification system based on a ceramic filter element and renewable activated carbon comprises a heat exchange cooling assembly, a dry deacidification assembly, a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover, a waste heat boiler economizer, an activated carbon adsorption assembly and a flue gas emission assembly which are sequentially connected; a plurality of ceramic fiber filter pipes with the surfaces coated with catalysts are arranged in the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover; the heat exchange cooling assembly is connected to a flue gas outlet of the incinerator, so that flue gas in the incinerator sequentially passes through the dry deacidification assembly, the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover, the activated carbon adsorption assembly and the flue gas discharge assembly; the flue gas outlet of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover is connected with the flue gas inlet of the active carbon adsorption component, and the flue gas outlet of the active carbon adsorption component is reversely connected to the secondary air inlet of the incinerator.
A reducing agent supply pipe is connected to a pipeline between a flue gas inlet of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover and a flue gas outlet of the dry deacidification assembly, and the reducing agent supply pipe is externally connected with a denitration reducing agent supply tank, so that flue gas and a reducing agent are mixed and then enter the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover.
The ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover comprises a plurality of mutually independent box bodies, each box body is divided into an upper independent space and a lower independent space by a pattern plate, the lower independent space is used for installing a ceramic fiber filter pipe and an ash bucket communicated with the bottom of the ceramic fiber filter pipe, and the upper independent space is used as an air purifying chamber for installing a dust cleaner and is communicated with the lower independent space by the ceramic fiber filter pipe; the flue gas inlet of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover is communicated with the ash bucket through an inlet valve, and the flue gas outlet of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover is communicated with the top of the air purifying chamber through an outlet valve.
The dust cleaner comprises a drainage tube, a pulse valve, an air bag, a blowing pipeline and a blowing opening; a drainage tube is coaxially arranged in the top of each ceramic fiber filtering tube, one end of the blowing pipeline is communicated with the air bag through a pulse valve, a blowing opening is arranged on the blowing pipeline and faces the drainage tube, and a blowing opening is correspondingly arranged above each ceramic fiber filtering tube; compressed air in the air bag is blown back into the ceramic fiber filter tube through the blowing pipeline and the blowing opening through the drainage tube, and the bottom of the ash bucket is externally connected to the ash flying bin.
The activated carbon adsorption subassembly include the activated carbon adsorption tower, install the first activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower flue gas inlet and exhaust-heat boiler economizer exhanst gas outlet, install the first activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower exhanst gas outlet and the flue gas emission subassembly, install the first desorption flue gas inlet valve on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower flue gas inlet and ceramic catalytic filter core dust remover exhanst gas outlet, and install first desorption flue gas outlet valve and desorption hot flue gas fan on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower exhanst gas outlet and the burning furnace overgrate air entry.
The active carbon adsorption subassembly still include reserve active carbon adsorption tower, install the second active carbon adsorption tower inlet valve on the pipeline between reserve active carbon adsorption tower flue gas inlet and exhaust-heat boiler economizer exhanst gas outlet, install the second active carbon adsorption tower outlet valve on the pipeline between reserve active carbon adsorption tower exhanst gas outlet and the flue gas emission subassembly, install the second desorption flue gas inlet valve on the pipeline between reserve active carbon adsorption tower flue gas inlet and ceramic catalytic filter core dust remover exhanst gas outlet, and install the second desorption flue gas outlet valve in reserve active carbon adsorption tower exhanst gas outlet, the second desorption flue gas outlet valve is connected to the inlet end of desorption hot gas blower.
The smoke discharge assembly comprises an induced draft fan and a chimney, and the induced draft fan is connected to a smoke outlet of the activated carbon adsorption assembly.
And a desorption smoke wild air suction adjusting valve is arranged on a pipeline between the smoke inlet of the activated carbon adsorption component and the smoke outlet of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover.
The heat exchange cooling assembly comprises a waste heat boiler superheater and a waste heat boiler evaporator, a smoke inlet of the waste heat boiler superheater is connected to a smoke outlet of the incinerator, a smoke outlet of the waste heat boiler superheater is connected to a smoke inlet of the waste heat boiler evaporator, and a smoke outlet of the waste heat boiler evaporator is connected to a smoke inlet of the dry deacidification assembly.
The dry deacidification component comprises a dry reaction tower and a deacidification absorbent supply tank; the dry reaction tower is connected to a flue gas outlet of a waste heat boiler evaporator of the heat exchange cooling assembly through a flue gas inlet at the bottom, and is connected to a flue gas inlet of a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover through a flue gas outlet at the top; the deacidification absorbent supply tank is connected to the bottom of the dry reaction tower; the deacidification absorbent in the deacidification absorbent supply tank is dry powder and can be attached to the outer surface of a ceramic fiber filter pipe of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses owing to adopted the dry process deacidification, avoided the waste water problem that prior art wet process deacidification produced, also avoided the high energy consumption and the white smoke problem of prior art rotary atomizer, on the basis of ensureing the deacidification effect, improved the environmental protection benefit, reduced manufacturing cost.
2. The utility model adopts the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover and combines the preposed denitration reducing agent supply tank to realize the integration of denitration and dust removal, the SCR reactor in the prior art is not needed to be arranged, no white smoke is generated, the temperature is not needed to be raised, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, no secondary pollution is generated, and the cost and the space required by the arrangement of the back-blowing equipment are small; meanwhile, the ceramic fiber filter pipe can realize self-cleaning through compressed air back blowing, and is long in service life and high in operation stability.
3. The utility model discloses owing to adopted two each other to be reserve activated carbon adsorption towers, can realize that the activated carbon purifies to the continuous absorption of dioxin and heavy metal, adopt fixed bed formula activated carbon to ensure with the abundant contact of flue gas, utilize the normal position regeneration of saturated activated carbon of introduction realization of hot flue gas simultaneously, ensured that dioxin and heavy metal whole period are up to standard, and long service life.
4. The utility model discloses make the flue gas realize deacidification, denitration, dust removal integration in the high temperature section, realize energy step clean utilization, whole no secondary pollution, energy-concerving and environment-protective has very extensive application prospect.
The utility model discloses a dry process deacidification, denitration dust removal, active carbon adsorption dioxin and heavy metal class process steps, deacidification efficiency is higher than 98%, and denitration efficiency is higher than 95%, and dust collection efficiency is close 100%, and dioxin and heavy metal desorption efficiency are higher than 99.5%, and whole no waste water produces, and can last, stable operation to realize domestic waste burns the purification and the full period discharge to reach standard of flue gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a waste incineration flue gas purification system based on a ceramic filter element and renewable activated carbon;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover in the waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover in the waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon of the utility model;
fig. 4 is a front view of the dust cleaner in the waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon.
In the figure, 1 is an incinerator, 2 is a superheater of a waste heat boiler, 3 is a waste heat boiler evaporator, 4 is a dry reaction tower, 5 is a dust remover of a ceramic catalytic filter element, 6 is a coal economizer of the waste heat boiler, 7 is a fly ash bin, 81 is an activated carbon adsorption tower, 82 is a spare activated carbon adsorption tower, 9 is a draught fan, 10 is a chimney, 11 is a deacidification absorbent supply tank, 12 is a denitration reducing agent supply tank, 13 is a desorption hot flue gas fan, 141 is a first activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve, 142 is a second activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve, 151 is a first activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve, 152 is a second activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve, 161 is a first desorption flue gas inlet valve, 162 is a second desorption flue gas inlet valve, 171 is a first desorption flue gas outlet valve, 172 is a second desorption flue gas outlet valve, 18 is a desorption flue gas suction wild air regulating valve, 21 is a box body, 22 is an ash bucket, 23 is a gas purifying chamber, 24 is a ceramic fiber filter pipe, 25 is a flue gas inlet, 26 is a flue gas outlet, and 27 is an inlet valve, 28 outlet valve, 30 dust cleaner, 31 flower plate, 33 drainage tube, 34 pulse valve, 35 air bag, 36 blowing pipeline and 37 blowing opening.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon comprises a heat exchange cooling assembly, a dry deacidification assembly, a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5, a waste heat boiler economizer 6, an activated carbon adsorption assembly and a flue gas discharge assembly which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is internally provided with a ceramic catalytic filter element consisting of a plurality of ceramic fiber filter pipes 24 the surfaces of which are coated with catalysts; the heat exchange cooling assembly is connected to a flue gas outlet of an incinerator 1 for incinerating household garbage through a pipeline, so that flue gas in the incinerator 1 sequentially passes through a dry deacidification assembly for deacidification, a ceramic catalytic filter element deduster 5 for deacidification, dedusting and denitration, and an activated carbon adsorption assembly for dioxin and heavy metal removal, and is discharged through a flue gas discharge assembly; the flue gas outlet 26 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption component through a pipeline, so that part of the flue gas discharged from the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is introduced into the activated carbon adsorption component, and the saturated activated carbon is desorbed and regenerated; the flue gas outlet of the active carbon adsorption component is reversely connected to the secondary air inlet of the incinerator 1 through a pipeline, so that the waste gas generated by desorption regeneration returns to the incinerator 1 for incineration. Preferably, the catalyst on the surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube can be one or more of V-Ti (vanadium titanium), V-W-Ti (vanadium tungsten titanium), Ce-W-Ti (cesium tungsten titanium) and Cu-Fe-Ce-Ti (copper iron cesium titanium).
The connecting pipeline between the flue gas inlet 25 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 and the flue gas outlet of the dry deacidification assembly is connected with a reducing agent supply pipe, the reducing agent supply pipe is externally connected with a denitration reducing agent supply tank 12, so that the flue gas and the reducing agent are mixed and then enter the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5, the temperature of the flue gas can be adjusted to a proper temperature window, and the denitration effect is ensured. Preferably, the reducing agent is ammonia water, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is 280-350 ℃, so that a good denitration effect can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the dust collector with ceramic catalytic filter element 5 includes several independent boxes 21, each box 21 is provided with an ash bucket 22, a ceramic fiber filter tube 24 and a gas purifying chamber 23 from bottom to top; the flue gas inlet 25 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is communicated with the ash bucket 22 through an inlet valve 27, and the flue gas outlet 26 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is communicated with the top of the air purifying chamber 23 through an outlet valve 28. The box body 21 is divided into an upper independent space and a lower independent space by a pattern plate 31, the lower independent space is used for installing a ceramic fiber filter pipe 24 and an ash hopper 22 communicated with the bottom of the ceramic fiber filter pipe 24, and the upper independent space is used as an air purifying chamber 23 for installing a dust cleaner 30 and is communicated with the lower independent space through the ceramic fiber filter pipe 24.
Preferably, a mounting hole for mounting the ceramic fiber filter tube 24 is reserved on the flower plate 31, so that the ceramic fiber filter tube 24 can be conveniently mounted and the upper and lower independent spaces can be conveniently communicated. Flue gas gets into ceramic catalytic filter core dust remover 5 bottom and flows from bottom to top by flue gas inlet 25, the dust is filtered when flue gas gets into ceramic fiber filter tube 24 from the outside, simultaneously the denitration of flue gas is realized through ceramic fiber filter tube 24 surface coating's catalyst, NOx takes place the reduction reaction and is got rid of under the effect of catalyst, reach the purpose of further denitration, need not to set up the SCR reactor, also need not the intensification measure, greatly reduced energy consumption and equipment occupation space, the clean flue gas after deacidification, the dust removal, the denitration gets into gas-purifying chamber 23 and discharges from the exhanst gas outlet 26 at top.
Preferably, the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the air purifying chamber 23 at the top of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is reduced to 130-150 ℃, that is, the temperature of the flue gas entering the waste heat boiler economizer 6 is 130-150 ℃. In the prior art, after the economizer is directly connected to the evaporator, the temperature of the flue gas from the economizer is continuously reduced to about 200 ℃, the utility model enables the flue gas (with the temperature of 300-, then enters the waste heat boiler economizer 6, the flue gas entering the waste heat boiler economizer 6 is purified, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler economizer 6 can be reduced to about 150 ℃, so that on one hand, the accumulated dust, blockage, abrasion and corrosion of the waste heat boiler economizer 6 can be reduced, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the service life of the waste heat boiler economizer 6 is greatly prolonged, on the other hand, the temperature of the outlet flue gas is compared with that of 200 ℃ in the prior art, the heat energy of 50 ℃ is utilized cleanly, and the gradient clean utilization of energy is realized.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the dust cleaner 30 includes a pulse valve 34, an air bag 35, a blowing duct 36, and a blowing port 37; one end of the blowing pipeline 36 is communicated with the air bag 35 through the pulse valve 34, the blowing opening 37 is installed on the blowing pipeline 36 and is arranged towards the inside of the ceramic fiber filtering pipe 24, a blowing opening 37 is correspondingly installed above each ceramic fiber filtering pipe 24, compressed air in the air bag 35 is blown into the ceramic fiber filtering pipe 24 through the blowing pipeline 36 through the blowing opening 37 in a back blowing mode and is used for blowing dust, particles and the like attached to the surface of the ceramic fiber filtering pipe 24, and a fly ash opening which is externally connected to the fly ash bin 7 through a pipeline is formed in the bottom of the ash hopper 22.
Preferably, the blowing port 37 is coaxially installed at a position 60-100mm above the ceramic fiber filtering tube 24, compressed air of 0.4-0.6Mpa is stored in the air bag 35 and coaxially blown into the ceramic fiber filtering tube 24 through the blowing port 37, and high-speed air passes through the ceramic fiber filtering tube 24 from inside to outside and penetrates through the tube wall, so that dust attached to the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filtering tube 24 is blown off. The fly ash dust collected by the ash bucket 22 is conveyed to the fly ash bin 7 through the fly ash conveying system through the fly ash port at the bottom, so that the post-treatment is convenient.
In order to make the compressed air in the air bag 35 enter the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 24 more smoothly and prevent the tops of the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 24 from being damaged by the compressed air, the drainage tubes 33 can be coaxially installed in the tops of the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 24, and the blowing openings 37 are arranged facing the drainage tubes 33, so that the compressed air is ensured to be blown back into the ceramic fiber filtering tubes 24 under the guiding action of the drainage tubes 33. In order to avoid interference between the flue gas and the compressed gas blown back in the ceramic filter cartridge dust separator 5, the different tanks 21 can be operated independently/intermittently by their inlet valves 27 and outlet valves 28.
The dry deacidification component comprises a dry reaction tower 4 and a deacidification absorbent supply tank 11; the dry reaction tower 4 is connected to a flue gas outlet of a waste heat boiler evaporator 3 of the heat exchange cooling assembly through a flue gas inlet at the bottom, and the dry reaction tower 4 is connected to a flue gas inlet 25 of a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 through a flue gas outlet at the top; the deacidification absorbent supply tank 11 is connected to the bottom of the dry reaction tower 4 through a pipeline and is positioned above the flue gas inlet of the dry reaction tower 4. Flue gas enters a dry reaction tower 4 from the bottom, a deacidification absorbent is sprayed from the lower part of the dry reaction tower 4 by a deacidification absorbent supply tank 11, the deacidification absorbent and acidic substances flow in the same direction from bottom to top in the dry reaction tower 4 and simultaneously undergo acid-base neutralization reaction, and the flue gas and the sprayed deacidification absorbent are discharged from a flue gas outlet at the top of the dry reaction tower 4 and enter a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5.
Preferably, the deacidification absorbent in the deacidification absorbent supply tank 11 can be sodium bicarbonate or high-efficiency hydrated lime, and is sprayed into the dry reaction tower 4 in the form of dry powder, so that acid-base neutralization reaction is conveniently performed on the acidic substances in the flue gas, and the acidic substances are synchronously discharged to the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 along with the flue gas. The unreacted deacidification absorbent enters the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 and then is attached to the outer surface of the ceramic fiber filter pipe 24, and due to the extremely low filtering wind speed (less than 0.8 m/min), acidic substances in the flue gas further and fully react with the deacidification absorbent, so that the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 has a deacidification function, and the integration of denitration, deacidification and dust removal is realized. Compared with the wet deacidification process in the prior art, the utility model does not produce waste water and is more environment-friendly; compared with the rotary atomizer in the prior art, the rotary atomizer has the advantages of small power consumption and low failure rate, and no liquid media such as slurry enter a flue gas system, so that white smoke cannot be generated, and the rotary atomizer is more environment-friendly.
The activated carbon adsorption subassembly include activated carbon adsorption tower 81, install the first activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve 141 on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower 81 flue gas inlet and 6 exhanst gas outlets of exhaust-heat boiler economizer, install the first activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve 151 on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower 81 flue gas outlet and the flue gas emission subassembly, install the first desorption flue gas inlet valve 161 on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower 81 flue gas inlet and 5 exhanst gas outlets of ceramic catalytic filter core dust remover 26, and install first desorption flue gas outlet valve 171 and desorption hot flue gas fan 13 on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower 81 flue gas outlet and 1 overgrate air entry of burning furnace. Dioxin and heavy metal are adsorbed by the activated carbon, so that the emission is ensured to reach the standard.
The activated carbon adsorption component further comprises a standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82, a second activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve 142 arranged on the pipeline between a smoke inlet of the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 and a smoke outlet of the waste heat boiler economizer 6, a second activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve 152 arranged on the pipeline between the smoke outlet of the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 and the smoke discharge component, a second desorption smoke inlet valve 162 arranged on the pipeline between the smoke inlet of the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 and the smoke outlet of the ceramic catalytic filter dust remover 5, and a second desorption smoke outlet valve 172 arranged at the smoke outlet of the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82, wherein the second desorption smoke outlet valve 172 is connected to the air inlet end of the desorption hot smoke blower 13. Dioxin and heavy metal are adsorbed by the standby activated carbon, so that the emission is ensured to reach the standard all the time.
Preferably, the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 and the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 can adopt fixed bed type activated carbon adsorption towers, the surface area is large, the flue gas passes through the activated carbon bed layer, the flue gas can be fully contacted with the activated carbon and effectively adsorbs dioxin and heavy metals in the flue gas, and the dioxin and heavy metals reach the standard in the whole time. The active carbon adsorption tower 81 and the standby active carbon adsorption tower 82 are mutually standby and alternately operate, and the in-situ regeneration of the active carbon can be realized, so that the continuous operation of the active carbon adsorption is ensured, and the efficiency of the purification process is improved.
After the activated carbon of the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 is saturated, a first desorption flue gas inlet valve 161 is opened, one path of hot flue gas is extracted from the space between the flue gas outlet 26 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 and the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler economizer 6, the hot flue gas is introduced into the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 and is subjected to desorption regeneration on the activated carbon saturated in adsorption, the hot flue gas enters an activated carbon adsorption bed layer, dioxin and heavy metals saturated in adsorption are gradually desorbed from pores of the activated carbon along with the rise of temperature, after a period of time, the desorption is completed, and the in-situ regeneration of the activated carbon is realized. Open first desorption flue gas outlet valve 151, the waste gas that desorption regeneration produced sends into the overgrate air entry of burning furnace 1 through desorption heat flue gas fan 13 and burns, avoids secondary pollution. The working principle and desorption regeneration mode of the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 are the same as those of the activated carbon adsorption tower 81, and are not described herein again.
Preferably, the flue gas discharged from the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 and introduced into the activated carbon adsorption component accounts for 10-20% of the total amount of the flue gas discharged from the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5, so as to meet the desorption and regeneration requirements of activated carbon with saturated adsorption.
The pipeline between the flue gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption component and the flue gas outlet 26 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 is provided with a desorption flue gas suction wild air adjusting valve 18 for adjusting the temperature of hot flue gas introduced into the activated carbon adsorption component (to 200-300 ℃), so that the activated carbon with saturated adsorption can realize efficient desorption regeneration under the action of the hot flue gas with proper temperature.
The heat exchange cooling assembly comprises a waste heat boiler superheater 2 and a waste heat boiler evaporator 3, a smoke inlet of the waste heat boiler superheater 2 is connected to a smoke outlet of the incinerator 1, a smoke outlet of the waste heat boiler superheater 2 is connected to a smoke inlet of the waste heat boiler evaporator 3, a smoke outlet of the waste heat boiler evaporator 3 is connected to a smoke inlet of the dry deacidification assembly, and cooling of high-temperature smoke is achieved through the waste heat boiler superheater 2 and the waste heat boiler evaporator 3. Preferably, the temperature of the flue gas cooled by the waste heat boiler superheater 2 and the waste heat boiler evaporator 3 is 300-350 ℃. The waste heat boiler superheater 2 and the waste heat boiler evaporator 3 can adopt a superheater and an evaporator which are used for burning flue gas to exchange heat and cool in the prior art, and are not described herein again.
The fume emission subassembly include draught fan 9 and chimney 10, draught fan 9 is connected to the active carbon adsorption subassembly exhanst gas outlet, will purify the flue gas discharge up to standard through draught fan 9 through chimney 10.
Example 1:
high-temperature flue gas generated by burning the household garbage in the incinerator 1 is subjected to heat exchange through the waste heat boiler superheater 2 and the waste heat boiler evaporator 3 and is cooled to 350 ℃. The cooled flue gas enters the dry reaction tower 4 from the bottom, meanwhile, dry sodium bicarbonate powder (namely, deacidification absorbent) is sprayed from the lower part of the dry reaction tower 4 by the deacidification absorbent supply tank 11, so that the deacidification absorbent and the acidic substance can be fully mixed and subjected to acid-base neutralization reaction while flowing in the same direction from bottom to top in the tower, and the flue gas and the sprayed deacidification absorbent are discharged from a flue gas outlet at the top of the dry reaction tower 4 and enter one or more box bodies 21 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 from the bottom. The flue gas enters the ceramic fiber filter pipe 24 from the outside from the bottom to the top in the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5, and is discharged to the top air purifying chamber 23 from the central hole of the ceramic fiber filter pipe 24 after being filtered by dust. During dust filtration, the catalyst on the surface of the ceramic fiber filter tube 24 makes NOx undergo a reduction reaction and removed, so that denitration is realized, and acidic substances are further removed under the action of the deacidification absorbent, so that deacidification is realized. The dust cleaner 30 starts back flushing cleaning after a large amount of deacidification absorbent powder is attached to the ceramic fiber filter pipe 24, the box body 21 where the dust cleaner is located stops air intake, other box bodies 21 continue to operate, and fly ash collected by the ash hopper 22 at the bottom of the box body 21 in cleaning operation is conveyed to the fly ash bin 7 through the ash conveying system. The deacidified, dedusted and denitrated clean flue gas is discharged from the gas purifying chamber 23 at the top of the box body 21, enters the waste heat boiler economizer 6 and is cooled to 150 ℃, the cooled flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower 81, at the moment, the first activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve 141 and the first activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve 151 are opened, and the qualified flue gas after dioxin and heavy metals are adsorbed by activated carbon is discharged from the chimney 10 through the induced draft fan 9.
Activated carbon adsorption tower 81 and reserve activated carbon adsorption tower 82 are each other for reserve, and activated carbon adsorption tower 81's active carbon adsorption saturation back closes first activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve 141 and first activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve 151 to open second activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve 142 and second activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve 152, ensure activated carbon adsorption's continuous operation, activated carbon adsorption tower 81 after closing gets into activated carbon desorption regeneration process. After the activated carbon adsorption of the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 is saturated, the second activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve 142 and the second activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve 152 are closed, the first activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve 141 and the first activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve 151 are opened, the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 is switched to, and the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 enters an activated carbon desorption regeneration process.
The active carbon desorption and regeneration process in the active carbon adsorption tower 81 and the standby active carbon adsorption tower 82 is the same, taking the active carbon adsorption tower 81 as an example: after activated carbon adsorption is saturated and switched to the standby activated carbon adsorption tower 82 in the activated carbon adsorption tower 81, the desorption hot flue gas fan 13, the first desorption flue gas inlet valve 161, the first desorption flue gas outlet valve 171 and the desorption flue gas suction wild air adjusting valve 18 are opened, 15% of the total flue gas amount is extracted from the flue gas outlet 26 of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover 5 to the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 to desorb and regenerate the activated carbon, and the waste gas generated by desorption regeneration is extracted to the incinerator 1 through the desorption hot flue gas fan 13 to be incinerated.
Detect chimney 10 exhaust flue gas, through the utility model discloses flue gas emission index after dry process deacidification, denitration, dust removal and dioxin and the heavy metal desorption is superior to national standard and European Union standard, and its deacidification efficiency is higher than 98%, and denitration efficiency is higher than 95%, and dust collection efficiency is close 100%, and dioxin and heavy metal desorption efficiency are higher than 99.5%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter core and active carbon that can regenerate which characterized by: the device comprises a heat exchange cooling component, a dry deacidification component, a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5), a waste heat boiler economizer (6), an active carbon adsorption component and a flue gas emission component which are connected in sequence; a plurality of ceramic fiber filter pipes (24) with the surfaces coated with catalysts are arranged in the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5); the heat exchange cooling assembly is connected to a flue gas outlet of the incinerator (1), so that flue gas in the incinerator (1) sequentially passes through the dry deacidification assembly, the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5), the activated carbon adsorption assembly and the flue gas discharge assembly; the flue gas outlet (26) of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the active carbon adsorption component, and the flue gas outlet of the active carbon adsorption component is reversely connected to the secondary air inlet of the incinerator (1).
2. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a reducing agent supply pipe is connected to a pipeline between a flue gas inlet (25) of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5) and a flue gas outlet of the dry deacidification assembly, and the reducing agent supply pipe is externally connected with a denitration reducing agent supply tank (12) so that flue gas and a reducing agent are mixed and then enter the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5).
3. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5) comprises a plurality of mutually independent box bodies (21), each box body (21) is divided into an upper independent space and a lower independent space by a pattern plate (31), the lower independent space is used for installing a ceramic fiber filter pipe (24) and a dust hopper (22) communicated with the bottom of the ceramic fiber filter pipe (24), and the upper independent space is used as a gas purifying chamber (23) for installing a dust cleaner (30) and is communicated with the lower independent space by the ceramic fiber filter pipe (24); the flue gas inlet (25) of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5) is communicated with the ash bucket (22) through an inlet valve (27), and the flue gas outlet (26) of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5) is communicated with the top of the air purifying chamber (23) through an outlet valve (28).
4. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the dust cleaner (30) comprises a drainage tube (33), a pulse valve (34), an air bag (35), a blowing pipeline (36) and a blowing opening (37); a drainage tube (33) is coaxially arranged in the top of each ceramic fiber filtering tube (24), one end of a blowing pipeline (36) is communicated with an air bag (35) through a pulse valve (34), a blowing opening (37) is arranged on the blowing pipeline (36) and faces the drainage tube (33), and a blowing opening (37) is correspondingly arranged above each ceramic fiber filtering tube (24); compressed air in the air bag (35) is blown back into the ceramic fiber filter tube (24) through the blowing pipeline (36) and the blowing opening (37) through the drainage tube (33), and the bottom of the ash bucket (22) is externally connected to the ash flying bin (7).
5. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the activated carbon adsorption subassembly include activated carbon adsorption tower (81), install first activated carbon adsorption tower inlet valve (141) on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower (81) inlet flue gas and exhaust-heat boiler economizer (6) exhanst gas outlet, install first activated carbon adsorption tower outlet valve (151) on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower (81) exhanst gas outlet and the flue gas emission subassembly, install first desorption flue gas inlet valve (161) on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower (81) inlet flue gas and ceramic catalytic filter core dust remover (5) exhanst gas outlet (26) and install first desorption flue gas outlet valve (171) and desorption hot flue gas fan (13) on the pipeline between activated carbon adsorption tower (81) exhanst gas outlet and burn burning furnace (1) overgrate air entry.
6. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the active carbon adsorption component further comprises a standby active carbon adsorption tower (82), a second active carbon adsorption tower inlet valve (142) arranged on the pipeline between a standby active carbon adsorption tower (82) flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet of a waste heat boiler economizer (6), a second active carbon adsorption tower outlet valve (152) arranged on the pipeline between the standby active carbon adsorption tower (82) flue gas outlet and the flue gas emission component, a second desorption flue gas inlet valve (162) arranged on the pipeline between the standby active carbon adsorption tower (82) flue gas inlet and a ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5) flue gas outlet (26), and a second desorption flue gas outlet valve (172) arranged at the standby active carbon adsorption tower (82) flue gas outlet, wherein the second flue gas desorption outlet valve (172) is connected to the air inlet end of the desorption hot flue gas fan (13).
7. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter elements and renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein: the smoke discharge assembly comprises an induced draft fan (9) and a chimney (10), and the induced draft fan (9) is connected to a smoke outlet of the activated carbon adsorption assembly.
8. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a desorption flue gas suction wild air adjusting valve (18) is arranged on a pipeline between a flue gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption component and a flue gas outlet (26) of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5).
9. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on the ceramic filter element and the renewable activated carbon as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange cooling assembly comprises a waste heat boiler superheater (2) and a waste heat boiler evaporator (3), a smoke inlet of the waste heat boiler superheater (2) is connected to a smoke outlet of the incinerator (1), a smoke outlet of the waste heat boiler superheater (2) is connected to a smoke inlet of the waste heat boiler evaporator (3), and a smoke outlet of the waste heat boiler evaporator (3) is connected to a smoke inlet of the dry deacidification assembly.
10. The waste incineration flue gas purification system based on ceramic filter elements and renewable activated carbon according to claim 1, 2 or 9, characterized in that: the dry deacidification component comprises a dry reaction tower (4) and a deacidification absorbent supply tank (11); the dry reaction tower (4) is connected to a flue gas outlet of a waste heat boiler evaporator (3) of the heat exchange cooling assembly through a flue gas inlet at the bottom, and the dry reaction tower (4) is connected to a flue gas inlet (25) of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5) through a flue gas outlet at the top; a deacidification absorbent supply tank (11) is connected to the bottom of the dry reaction tower (4); the deacidification absorbent in the deacidification absorbent supply tank (11) is dry powder and can be attached to the outer surface of a ceramic fiber filter pipe (24) of the ceramic catalytic filter element dust remover (5).
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| CN114887409A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-12 | 成都易态科技有限公司 | Method for efficiently combining waste heat utilization, dust removal and denitration of high-temperature flue gas |
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| CN114887409A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-12 | 成都易态科技有限公司 | Method for efficiently combining waste heat utilization, dust removal and denitration of high-temperature flue gas |
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